The Wall Street Journal Weekend - 30.08.2026

🟢 已通过两轮自愈质检 & 证据链核验
🔍
🌐 本篇已纳入【2026-08-28 全球报刊态势报告】深度研判矩阵 查看全日战略态势总览 ➔

全球报刊态势与全景学术研判总览 — 2026-08-28

🌐 第一部分:全球宏观战略态势报告(SITREP)

今日综述:本日共全量采集并深度研判来自全球各大主流语系与核心地缘区域的 1 份权威报刊与学术特刊

📡 今日全球主要报道要闻速览

北美主流大报 (North America) - 《The Wall Street Journal Weekend - 30.08.2026.pdf》美联储主席凯文·沃什暗示利率行动:美联储主席沃什暗示可能继续提高利率以对抗通胀,导致美国短期国债收益率上升及主要股指下跌。 - 《The Wall Street Journal Weekend - 30.08.2026.pdf》盖璞(Gap)销售额增长:盖璞宣布销售额增长10%,股价随之飙升,显示品牌正在经历复兴。 - 《The Wall Street Journal Weekend - 30.08.2026.pdf》长鑫存储(CXMT)业绩大增:中国存储芯片制造商长鑫存储业绩大幅增长,凸显出AI热潮带来的商业获利。

💡 各大报刊的报道脉络呈现出高度多维的地缘博弈、制度转型、社会痛感与前沿科学突破。读者可通过下方【今日跨报思想雷达总矩阵】快速把握各报最具穿透力的思想理论对话与生活世界痛感切入点,或在【全景报刊分卷】中按区域细读每份大报的具体文章精要、制度权力批判与理性情感辩证。


🧭 第二部分:今日跨报思想文化与批判深思雷达总矩阵

本矩阵自动系统汇编当日全球报刊最具穿透力的 【思想与文化深思切入点】【生活世界痛感切入点】,为学者提供一站式理论对话与现象学经验索引:

  • (本日暂未提取到独立的跨报思想雷达条目)

📚 第三部分:全景报刊分卷学术档案与精粹汇编

📍 北美主流大报 (North America)

📰 《The Wall Street Journal Weekend - 30.08.2026.pdf》

Newspapers - 28.08.2026 - 29.08.2026
22 篇

美联储主席凯文·沃什暗示利率行动

  • 商业与金融 / 美联储主席凯文·沃什暗示利率行动:美联储主席沃什暗示可能继续提高利率以对抗通胀,导致美国短期国债收益率上升及主要股指下跌。
  • 商业与金融 / 盖璞(Gap)销售额增长:盖璞宣布销售额增长10%,股价随之飙升,显示品牌正在经历复兴。
  • 商业与金融 / 长鑫存储(CXMT)业绩大增:中国存储芯片制造商长鑫存储业绩大幅增长,凸显出AI热潮带来的商业获利。
  • 商业与金融 / 谷歌调整欧盟搜索排名:谷歌改变欧盟境内第三方内容网站的排名方式,旨在安抚监管机构并避免罚款。
  • 商业与金融 / 比亚迪(BYD)第二季度利润反弹:全球最大电动汽车销售商比亚迪第二季度净利润有所反弹,但营收略有下降。
  • 政治/城市治理 / 纽约市长与商业精英的冲突:34岁市长尝试听取非支持群体的商业意见,但其挑衅亿万富翁的倾向及“度假屋税”政策引发权力精英不满。
  • 法律/司法 / 洛杉矶县青少年拘留索赔欺诈调查:地区检察官霍克曼利用执法数据库调查,估计结算基金中高达81%的索赔包含欺诈指标。
  • 国际政治/能源 / 美国与委内瑞拉达成石油协议:特朗普政府与委内瑞拉达成协议,确保美国对该国650亿美元桶以上已探明石油储备的多数控制权,旨在降低汽油价格并加强能源安全。
  • 娱乐/游戏 / 《侠盗猎车手 VI》发布引发关注:由于《GTA VI》多次延迟,玩家群体计划在11月19日发布期间使用带薪休假(PTO)全身心投入游戏。
  • 政治/选举 / 底特律政治竞争:埃尔-赛义德与罗杰斯:共和党人罗杰斯指责对手埃尔-赛义德是“骗子”且具有反犹倾向,双方在政策主张和个人品格上发生激烈冲突。
  • 评论/社论 / 关于贸易战与财富税的评论:评论者认为对加拿大发起贸易战纯属政治愚蠢,并建议加州议员康纳在考虑财富税前应关注医疗补助的支出端。
  • 人物/讣告 / 乡村音乐巨擘多莉·帕顿逝世:乡村音乐巨星多莉·帕顿以80岁高龄去世,她以坚决保护词曲版权著称,职业生涯售出近3000万张专辑和单曲。
  • 体育/商业 / NFL球员合同与资源分配体系:分析NFL从新秀合同过渡到第二份合同的稀缺性,以及联盟通过工资帽和收入分成实现“向中庸靠拢”的竞争机制。
  • 商业/科技 / 英伟达(Nvidia)为OpenAI提供财务担保:英伟达曾计划为OpenAI的大规模数据中心项目提供担保,后因担心投资者反应而缩减规模,但仍利用资产负债表支撑AI热潮。
  • 人物/讣告 / SynOptics联合创始人安德鲁·卢德威克逝世:网络开拓者卢德威克去世,他联合创立的SynOptics开创了双绞线以太网,为现代在线世界铺平道路。
  • 商业/金融 / 阿波罗公司(Apollo)内部权力斗争:记录了哈里斯试图获取CEO职位的权力攫取行为,以及布莱克与罗文在公司管理权上的矛盾。
  • 生活方式/政治 / MAGA核心圈的化妆师艾德里安·格雷:化妆师格雷成为拉拉·特朗普等保守派领军女性的青睐对象,通过特定的化妆技巧塑造政治人物形象。
  • 图书评论 / 关于UFO与地外生命的图书评论:回顾了二战后美国对不明飞行物(UFO)的关注历史,包括“蓝色书籍计划”及公众对地外生命的信仰。
  • 图书评论/历史 / 《西西里之魂》:黑手党与二战情报:书籍讲述二战期间纽约黑手党成员与美国海军合作,提供德国间谍情报以保护盟军船队。
  • 奢侈品/科技 / Vanguart推出OpenAI主题定制腕表:Vanguart推出刻有“计算即天命”及Python代码的限定腕表,旨在向AI领域致敬并强调AI应用于和平目的。
  • 旅行/生活 / 全球追逐日食的旅游现象:描述了日食爱好者投入大量金钱和时间环球旅行,追求集体仰望天空的世俗超越感。
  • 健康/研究 / 长途旅行对老年人心理健康的益处:舒·科尔教授研究表明,国际旅行者报告的抑郁和孤独感最低,因为陌生环境的导航与适应能提供精神刺激。

暂无制度批判分析。

暂无情感辩证分析。


🏛️ 哲学与批判理论深度研判 ➔ 立即阅读

透视本期报纸背后的结构性权力机制、普遍概念与具体事件之间的非同一性辩证摩擦。

⚖️ 理性与情感辩证深度研判 ➔ 立即阅读

解构冰冷制度治理(Logos)与民众真实痛感/集体情绪(Pathos)之间的断裂与隐性诉求。

The Wall Street Journal Weekend - 30.08.2026.pdf

尼泊尔总理秘书处,尼泊尔 / 法新社 / 盖蒂图片社

WSJ

华尔街日报周末版

道琼斯

新闻集团 ******

2026年8月29 - 30日,星期六 / 星期日 ~ 第CCLXXXVIII卷 第51期

美国版

简讯

商业与金融

♦ 美联储主席凯文·沃什暗示,央行可能尚未结束通过提高利率来对抗通胀的行动。A1 ♦ 沃什的言论令投资者感到意外,导致美国短期国债收益率大幅上升,长期债券收益率涨幅较小,且主要股指下跌。A1

◆ 盖璞(Gap)在宣布销售额增长10%后股价飙升,这表明该品牌正在经历复兴。B9

◆ 中国最大存储芯片制造商之一的长鑫存储(CXMT)业绩大增,凸显了企业如何从AI热潮中获利。B9

♦ 字母表公司旗下的谷歌正在改变欧盟境内某些包含第三方内容的网站在搜索结果中的排名方式,此举旨在安抚监管机构并避免罚款。B10

◆ 全球最大电动汽车销售商比亚迪(BYD)的净利润在第二季度有所反弹,尽管营收略有下降。B10

- 意大利忠利保险(Assicurazioni Generali)表示,愿意考虑竞争对手锡耶纳银行(Monte dei Paschi di Siena)对私立银行忠利银行(Banca Generali)提出的102亿美元收购报价。B10

◆ 美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)将允许Juul销售其电子烟的新版本以及烟草味和薄荷味的烟弹。B10

全球动态

◆ 美国向中东输送了大量弹药以对抗伊朗,以至于军事规划者担心,火力的损失正在削弱美国防御来自中国和俄罗斯潜在威胁的能力。A1

◆ 周三的洪水导致尼泊尔和中国有超过2,480人失踪,至少584人被确认死亡,救援工作仍在继续。A7

◆ 特朗普确认美国已与委内瑞拉达成协议,以确保获得该国很大一部分石油储备。A8

◆ 国防部长赫格塞斯(Hegseth)正考虑邀请数百名高级军事人员回到宽提科(Quantico)听取演说,他去年秋天曾在那里发表了“不再有胡子男”的演讲。A3

◆ 冰岛人将于周六投票决定是否重启加入欧盟的谈判,雷克雅未克在十多年前放弃了这一进程。A10

◆ 俄罗斯恢复了对乌克兰基辅地区的无人机袭击,击中了十多栋公寓楼和仓库。A7

◆ 逝世:哈拉尔五世,89, 挪威长期君主。A7

佩吉·努南(PEGGY NOONAN) 多莉·帕顿(Dolly Parton) 令我们意犹未尽。A15

日报报告 旅行:海鹦爱好者 涌向缅因州。R1-10

讣告..... C6 观点..... A13-15 体育..... A12 风格与时尚 D2-3,9 旅行..... D8 美国新闻..... A2-4,6 世界新闻.. A7-8,10

© 2026 道琼斯公司 版权所有

美联储主席凯文·沃什(左)周五在杰克逊霍尔研讨会上与英格兰银行行长安德鲁·贝利(中)及加拿大银行行长蒂夫·麦克莱姆在雨中休息。

药企加速应对“专利悬崖”

作者:XAVIER MARTINEZ

大多数公司在客户有需求时会一直销售其热门产品。但对于制药商而言,时钟在药物获批之前就已经开始计时:专利到期,低价的仿制药大量涌入,销售额随即崩塌。每年数十亿美元的销售额可能会在短时间内蒸发,有时仅在一年之内。

制药行业正进入数十年来最大规模的专利到期潮。2025年全球最畅销的药物——默克(Merck)的癌症免疫疗法可瑞达(Keytruda)将于2028年失去美国专利保护,且几乎每家药企在未来五年内都至少有一款重磅药物将失去专利保护。

这解释了为什么当 Moderna 和默克宣布其实验性癌症疫苗在一次重大试验中取得成功时,股市会出现剧烈波动。该疫苗可能为默克提供新的收入来源,以抵消可瑞达的“悬崖”影响。像 Revolution Medicines 这样在本周获得胰腺癌药物批准的生物技术公司,在今年吸引了收购兴趣,因为各大公司正在寻找合作伙伴和收购目标。

麦肯锡生命科学部门高级合伙人 Greg Graves 表示,这种悬崖的规模“正是驱动公司寻求新增长机会的原因,且将继续发挥驱动作用”。

沃什暗示加息在考虑之中

全球预计销售额总计超过 5000 亿美元 请参阅 A2 页

作者:Nick Timiraos

怀俄明州杰克逊霍尔——美联储主席凯文·沃什(Kevin Warsh)暗示,央行并未排除通过提高利率来对抗通胀的可能性。

这是他自今年春季就任以来最实质性的言论,投资者将其视为美联储更有可能加息的信号。沃什表示,他几乎没有看到借贷条件在抑制经济的迹象,且今年夏天更好的通胀数据并未让他相信潜在趋势正在改善。

“我们必须确信潜在通胀正朝着我们的目标方向移动,且速度清晰且足够快。否则,我们还有工作要做,”他在周五于怀俄明州堪萨斯城美联储年度研讨会上发表的首次演讲中说道,这次亮相备受期待。

交易员将下个月加息的概率从周四的 35% 提高到略低于 60%。沃什本人则没有给出明确结论,未对美联储的下一步行动提供任何暗示,这符合他认为央行应减少沟通的方针。“我今天站在这里,致力于一种纪律,而非一个决定,”他说道。

主要股指当日收盘微跌,而 10 年期和 30 年期国债收益率略有上升。

白宫未回应关于沃什演讲的置评请求。

请参阅 A6 页

交易员密切关注,押注加息将至

作者:SAM GOLDFARB 和 HANNAH ERIN LANG

凯文·沃什不断地在市场预期上反转。

将 9 月加息的可能性摆在了桌面。

美联储主席周五令投资者感到意外,他发出的对通胀的担忧程度超过了许多人的预期,这导致短期美国国债收益率大幅上升,长期债券收益率温和上涨,且主要股指下跌。

沃什暗示美联储在对抗通胀方面可能还有更多“工作要做”,这突然地

根据 CME 集团的数据,周五下午的利率期货显示,交易员预计美联储在下次会议上加息的可能性约为 58%,高于周四的 35%。

这些言论缓解了人们对沃什可能因特朗普总统的压力而不愿提高利率的担忧——这种担忧此前导致了长期国债收益率的近期上涨,而长期国债收益率在决定定价中起着重要作用。请参阅 A6 页

内部

交流 多莉·帕顿(Dolly Parton)及其 构建其商业帝国的 驱动力。B1

世界新闻

喜马拉雅山洪水死亡人数上升,失踪人数超过 2,480 人。A7

木材曾是南方之金,随后市场崩盘

造纸厂的关闭削减了对纸浆材的需求,标志着自“棉花之王”陨落以来最大的威胁

作者:RYAN DEZEMBER

该地区的状况正威胁着第五代林业从业者的前景。

佐治亚州萨凡纳——比尔·霍华德(Bill Howard)的家族自 1898 年起就依靠佐治亚州东南部的松林维持生计,当时他的曾祖父和七位曾叔祖父开始使用便携式锯木厂砍伐木材。

经过四代人的努力,霍华德家族在佐治亚州斯泰茨伯勒建立了一座永久性锯木厂,并增加了林地以供应原材料。如今,该家族在锯木厂、另外两家工厂和三个建筑供应场共雇佣了约 300 人。

纸浆材市场的崩盘在

南方,尤其是佐治亚州,承受了历史性造纸厂关闭潮的沉重打击,因为回收纸箱、廉价进口纸浆以及包括 Amazon.com 在内的电子商务巨头更节约的包装方式打击了需求。去年,美国生产瓦楞纸板(用于制造运输和搬运纸箱的厚纸)的产能下降了约 10%。

对纸浆材(不适合制作木材但适合制作纸板和纸张的树木)的需求骤减。对木材的需求同样 [请参阅 A11 页]

《侠盗猎车手 VI》将引发“工作停摆”

* * *

在等待 13 年才迎来新作后,玩家们将其视为一个非官方的假期

作者:ASHLEY WONG

巴德·伯鲁斯(Bud Burruss)计划在感恩节前的一周请五天假。这位 36 岁的软件工程师不会远行,也不会准备大餐。

他将待在自己的“洞穴”里玩《侠盗猎车手 VI》(Grand Theft Auto VI)。

游戏开始

“我们会花几天时间,让孩子们觉得‘爸爸非常忙’,”这位三个孩子的父亲说道。他将在周四和周五闭关,然后慢慢回归父亲的职责,以赶上周末和假期。

“我不会像个失职的父亲那样连续玩 20 小时。但一开局我们就会全力以赴。”

当《侠盗猎车手 VI》于 11 月 19 日发布时,它将标志着 [请参阅 A11 页]

美国军备流失加剧对威慑中国、俄罗斯能力的担忧

美国向中东紧急输送了大量弹药以对抗伊朗,以至于军事规划人员担心,火力的损失正在削弱美

作者:谢尔比·霍利戴、迈克尔·R·戈登和劳拉·塞利格曼

美国官员表示,美国在应对来自中国和俄罗斯潜在威胁时的防御能力正在下降。

一些官员表示,削减程度之深,以至于美国在欧洲部署的 PAC-3 “爱国者-3”防空拦截弹和 Atacms 陆地陆地导弹的库存被认为已处于“极度危机”状态。

美国和伊朗在最近几周基本停止了直接攻击。但官员们表示,令人担忧的是,补充从日本、韩国和德国等国转移的武器库存可能需要数年时间,这将导致美国全球军事部署出现薄弱环节,尽管西方军事官员并不认为中国和俄罗斯即将发动全面攻击。

官员们表示,除了“爱国者”拦截弹,其他驻欧武器的库存也已降至极低水平,包括精确打击导弹和制导火箭。萨德(Thaad)反导拦截弹和 Merops 反无人机系统也已从欧洲被运往中东,进一步削减了欧洲大陆的供应。

官员们表示,库存的缩减已导致美国欧洲司令部调整其作战计划。这也日益导致政府官员评估认为,美国无法完全执行应急计划,以防御中国在——请转到 A10 页

◆ 赫格塞斯考虑向军事领导层发表讲话…… A3 ◆ 习近平将石油转化为对抗西方的盾牌…… A8

数据来源:Norstella 对监管文件和公司申报文件的分析(风险销售额);相关公司(Revlimid 销售额)

资本账户 / 作者:格雷格·伊普

世界应采取行动推高人民币

*季度数据。基于经黄金进口、投资收益及中国数据统计方法变更调整后的中国经常项目。来源:布拉德·塞瑟(Brad Setser)、外交关系协会(人民币);高盛(价格折扣)

人民币相对于基本面的情况。负值表示被低估。*

1985年,世界领先的经济强国在纽约广场酒店会面,以应对一种严重失衡、甚至危及全球经济的货币。

当今世界需要另一个“广场协议”,只不过这一次不是为了压低被高估的美元,而是为了推高被低估的人民币。

中国日益增长的贸易盈余威胁到其贸易伙伴的工业基础。多年来,世界其他国家一直恳请中国改变其经济模式,更多地依赖国内需求而非出口,但均未奏效。

一项通过关税强制执行的货币协议,可能是促使中国采取行动的唯一途径。时机或许已经成熟。对中国的不满情绪正在沸腾,尤其是在欧洲。一份法国政府在2月份发布的报告称:“这种中国的激增现在威胁到……欧洲生产体系的核心。”6月份,德国总理弗里德里希·梅尔茨(Friedrich Merz)呼吁针对中国达成一项新的广场协议。

本周末在北卡罗来纳州阿什维尔举行的主要经济体央行行长和财政部长会议,将是开启这一对话的良好契机。

有两个事实是不容置疑的。首先,中国拥有庞大且在增长的贸易盈余。高盛预计今年该数额将达到1.2万亿美元。据其估计,中国的“经常项目”(一项涵盖商品、服务和投资收益的指标)盈余将达到全球GDP的1%,在战后历史上没有任何国家实现过这一份额。

其次,相对于贸易平衡和购买力等基本面所指示的交易水平,其货币被严重低估:根据高盛的数据,低估幅度为19%;而外交关系协会学者布拉德·塞瑟(Brad Setser)认为低估幅度为35%。

分歧在于两者之间的联系:是后者导致了前者吗?

在国际货币基金组织(IMF)和大多数正统经济学家的看来,人民币被低估并不是中国经常项目盈余的原因,而是国内需求不足的一种症状。

经常项目反映了一个国家的储蓄与投资之间的差异。在正统观点中,这根植于经济体的底层结构。美国出现经常项目赤字是因为储蓄太少;中国出现经常项目盈余是因为储蓄太多。

IMF将中国的过度储蓄归结为结构性因素,例如社会安全网不足,以及对家庭征税过重从而抑制消费的财政制度。近期,房地产泡沫的破裂导致投资萎缩,进一步扩大了经常项目盈余。

另一种观点则认为,中国操纵其货币的明确目的是为了促进出口并抑制进口。低廉的人民币降低了中国产品在海外的价格,并提高了外国产品在中国的价格,从而增加了盈余。卡内基国际和平基金会的中国专家迈克尔·佩蒂斯(Michael Pettis)写道,这还导致了“可贸易商品消费者与生产者之间的收入转移”。这抑制了消费并扩大了经常项目盈余。

十年来,人民币兑美元的交易区间相对稳定。但正如高盛经济学家卡马克希亚·特里韦迪(Kamakshya Trivedi)和山辉(Hui Shan)所展示的,中国的商品价格已经下降

自疫情以来,由于封锁和房地产崩盘,中国商品价格有所下降,而发达市场则因刺激措施和供应链中断而上涨。这意味着经通胀调整后的人民币汇率已大幅下跌。

这增强了中国的竞争力。高盛将新百伦(New Balance)和特斯拉(Tesla)等在中国制造商所面临的成本与在其他地区的成本进行了对比,并将海尔(Haier)等中国公司的价格与西门子(Siemens)等外国同行进行了对比。中国在电动汽车上的价格折扣为 $32\%$,冰箱为 $38\%$,鞋类为 $53\%$。理论上,如果人民币估值公平,这种差距不应持续存在。

中国官员在促进消费方面仅是口头支持。习近平认为,在限制进口的同时扩大出口,会使世界更加依赖中国,而中国则减少对世界的依赖。

高盛的经济学家认为,在贸易盈余缩减的同时,货币重估将通过维持增长来补充国内改革。然而,塞瑟(Setser)表示,由于在经济其余部分陷入停滞时,低估的人民币维持了出口,这减轻了中国进行改革的压力。

在《广场协议》中,美国及其盟友采取联合干预,通过缩小美国预算赤字等国内改革,共同推动美元兑西德马克和日元的汇率下跌。这一举措取得了成效。

然而,当时的西德和日本是美国密切的盟友。中国共产党的喉舌《环球时报》在6月份表示:“中国不会接受将汇率作为压制手段的借口,也不会回到大国协调少数几个国家命运的旧时代。”

中国的贸易伙伴也不能简单地通过买入人民币来强行推高汇率,因为中国严格控制其货币的准入。相反,他们可以征收关税,并承诺如果中国进行货币重估,则将降低关税。

当然,特朗普总统喜欢关税,可能不愿意用关税来换取货币升值。他也没有表现出对减少赤字的浓厚兴趣。其他国家则不愿激怒中国,也不倾向于与特朗普合作。

然而,如果他们能克服政治障碍,美国及其盟友将意识到一个共同的问题,即货币协议可能是最简洁、扭曲最少且最有效的解决方案。

日本发现干预日元收益甚微

作者:MEGUMI FUJIKAWA

东京——日本在过去一个月中与美国采取联合行动,花费 987 亿美元 billion 支撑日元。这次创纪录的干预行动到目前为止影响有限。

日元已失去了大部分最初的涨幅,凸显了政府试图通过干预来变动金融市场价格的局限性。美国也曾试图遏制债券收益率的上升,但成效有限。

周五公布的数据首次确认了这项始于 7 月底、并得到财政部长斯科特·贝森特(Scott Bessent)支持的行动之历史规模。加上 4 月和 5 月对货币的防御,日本今年的干预支出已达 1700 亿美元 billion,反映出在日元今年跌至 40 年低点后,东京方面的焦虑情绪。

在 7 月 31 日的一次内阁会议上,贝森特面前的笔记本上写着,购买 50 亿美元 billion 至 100 亿美元 billion 的日元在他的待办事项清单上,尽管他随后并未公布美国的具体支出金额。

此次干预成功地在一定程度上增强了日元。周五日元兑美元交易价格在 159 至 160 之间。在干预之前,日元已跌至接近 164 兑 1 美元,这是自 1986 年以来未曾出现过的水平。

花旗银行(Citi)在周五给客户的一份报告中表示,日元的疲软将难以纠正,因为导致其下跌的一个因素是外国投资者在投资日本股市时,为了对冲货币风险而抛售日元。

大型药企面临专利悬崖

(接第一页)

根据生物制药市场研究公司 Norstella 的数据,部分药物在 2033, 前将面临失去专利保护的风险。专利悬崖引发了一波收购潮,药企们竞相在收入消失前寻找替代方案。目前的交易规模处于七年来的最高水平。

让减肥药概念家喻户晓的重磅药物 GLP-1 Ozempic,是即将面临的重大专利损失之一。其制造商诺和诺德(Novo Nordisk)在所有大型药企中面临的风险最高:其 2025 年销售额的 77% 将在 2033. 年底前失去专利保护。其中大部分是由于 Ozempic 将在 2030 年代初专利到期,该药物去年创造了近 200 亿美元 billion 的销售额。

诺和诺德的一位发言人表示:“专利到期是药品生命周期的一个自然部分,”并补充说公司“有充分的能力应对随独占权丧失而演变的局面”。

像可瑞达(Keytruda)及其竞争药物 Opdivo 这样的癌症免疫疗法,也是本十年内将失去专利保护的主要重磅药物。这意味着可瑞达的制造商默克(Merck)和生产 Opdivo 的布里斯托-迈耶斯斯奎布(Bristol Myers Squibb)公司,由于这些及其他专利到期,去年销售额中各有超过 65% 面临风险。

可瑞达用于治疗 20 多种不同类型的癌症,去年创造了近 320 亿美元 billion 的销售额,是本十年末前到期的最畅销产品。

双重打击

一些重磅药物的专利到期影响到了多家公司。对于总部位于新泽西州的百时美施贵宝(Bristol Myers)而言,其最大药物之一的抗凝血药 Eliquis 正在失去独占权。该药物去年带来了超过 140 亿美元 billion 的收入——占该公司总营收的 30%——不过其中大部分与辉瑞(Pfizer)平分。

百时美施贵宝与辉瑞共同营销 Eliquis,并在全球大部分地区平分利润,因此两家公司都面临打击。对于辉瑞而言,Eliquis 在去年的药品总销售额中占比 13%。

竞争对手介入并夺取销售额的速度因药物类型及其生产成本而异。

艾伯维(AbbVie)通过在美国申请 100 多项专利来保护其重磅药物 Humira。

专利到期时间也因国家而异,这意味着竞争对手进入欧洲或加拿大的时间可能与进入美国的时间不同。这种情况已经在加拿大的 Ozempic 身上发生了。制药公司面临的风险是,美国人开始通过加拿大的在线药房以较低价格购买这些药物,这在技术上是不合法的,但很少被监管。

公司在应对营收断崖——以及尽可能长时间地维持失去专利保护药物的销售额——方面有一套成熟的策略。

以百时美施贵宝的血液癌症疗法 Revlimid 为例。其主专利于 2019 年到期,但该公司在数年前就与仿制药制造商达成了诉讼和解。这些协议将仿制药的进入时间推迟到了 2022 年,并限制了它们最初能占据的市场份额。

许多仿制药制造商同意在 2022 年之前不在美国上市,随后仅销售有限数量,起初仅占市场的低个位数百分比,到 2025 年增加到 30%。百时美施贵宝的销售额在 2021 年达到 128 亿美元 billion 的峰值,而无限制的竞争直到 2026 年 1 月才到来,比基础专利到期晚了七年。

*风险销售额是根据专利到期前整个日历年的共识预测收入计算的。如果主要物质组成专利到期或发生其他关键独占日期,则产品被标记为有风险。†百时美施贵宝于 2019 年收购了 Revlimid 的开发商 Celgene。2019 年的销售额为形式财务数据。 来源:Norvella 对监管文件和公司文件的分析(风险销售额);相关公司(Revlimid 销售额)。

这一过程在美国境外则有所不同。仿制药于 2022 年在美国境外上市,且没有数量限制。在仿制药上市后的第一年,品牌药 Revlimid 的国际销售额下降了 60% 以上。

艾伯维通过在美国申请 100 多项专利来保护其重磅药物 Humira。被称为生物类似药(biosimilars)的竞争产品直到 2023 年才上市,比在欧洲上市晚了五年。

为了寻找新的销售来源,制药公司开始大举投资。

根据金融数据提供商 LSEG 的数据,公司上季度在交易上的支出为 1140 亿美元 billion——为 2019 年以来最高,也是 2010 年以来单季度支出第四高。

自今年年初以来,默克(Merck)、艾伯维和葛兰素史克(GSK)分别宣布了价值超过 50 亿美元 billion 的交易。

更多交易

这类交易与合作伙伴关系能够显著改变大型制药公司的局面。默克(Merck)2016年与Moderna开展的癌症疫苗合作在近期获得了回报,两家公司上周宣布该疗法阻止了黑色素瘤的扩散。默克的市值在一天之内增长了超过400亿美元。

专利悬崖也正吸引私人投资者进入生物技术和制药领域。相关公司在6月季度筹集了近150亿美元,为2021年以来最高水平。

更多交易的预期正推动股价上涨。标普生物技术精选指数(S&P Biotechnology Select Index)今年以来已上涨超过30%。

并非所有公司都面临同样的悬崖。礼来(Eli Lilly)凭借其相对较新的GLP-1药物,在大多数大型制药公司中脱颖而出。这家制药公司目前无需面对近期的重大专利损失。

保护该公司热门肥胖症和糖尿病药物Mounjaro和Zepbound的专利直到下一个十年的后半段才会到期。

更正与补充

Ferretly 过去的客户包括德勤(Deloitte)、Ally Financial 和 BBDO,合作内容涉及员工及非员工相关工作。7月20日一篇关于数字背景调查的个人日志专栏错误地称这些公司为 Ferretly 的现任客户,并暗示过去的合作仅限于员工。

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纽约市长磨练与首席执行官阶层的沟通方式

作者:KEVIN T. DUGAN

今年4月,纽约市市长佐兰·马姆达尼(Zohran Mamdani)会见了酸奶制造商 Chobani 的亿万富翁首席执行官汉迪·乌卢卡亚(Hamdi Ulukaya)。乌卢卡亚传达的信息是:你需要学会如何与首席执行官对话。

当时,马姆达尼正深陷商业界的愤怒之中。此前,一段宣传新“第二居所税”(pied-à-terre tax)的视频是在肯·格里芬(Ken Griffin)的豪华公寓外拍摄的,许多城市富豪认为此举心胸狭隘且无视他们的安全。市长后来告诉亲信,他没有预料到会引起如此强烈的反弹,如果可以,他会采取不同的做法。

“你应该与商业界保持常规对话,”前纽约市合伙会(Partnership for New York City)首席执行官凯瑟琳·怀尔德(Kathryn Wylde)表示,她当时也参加了这次会议,乌卢卡亚在会上这样告诉了马姆达尼。

四个月后,市长办公室任命了一个由15人组成的商业顾问委员会,旨在实现这一目标。但在一个财富和权力本身就能赋予某种名流地位的城市里,周四公布的名单中并没有那些经常出现在社交专栏中的人物。代表名单中没有出现任何大型华尔街银行、对冲基金或私募股权公司。

该委员会的构成包括 WNBA 纽约自由队(New York Liberty)的首席执行官以及少数投资和保险高管,这似乎反映了那些会支持现任政府议程的高管类型。对于马姆达尼来说,这在某种程度上是全新的领域,而他可能是美国民主社会主义者(DSA)中最具知名度的成员。

DSA 的一名发言人未回应关于马姆达尼人选的置评请求。

有迹象表明,马姆达尼对部分最富有的选民态度有所缓和。

“市长在努力尝试直接听取一群不属于其天然支持群体的商业人士的意见,这是一次诚恳的尝试,”有时担任市长非正式顾问的怀尔德(Wylde)表示,“他不习惯向这个群体传递信息,也不一定能预见到他们会对各项政策或声明做出怎样的反应。”

此次成立委员会之际,这位 34 岁的市长已开始面对治理美国金融之都的现实。马姆达尼依然受欢迎且具有影响力,在潜在选民中拥有很高的支持率,并能为那些能够执行其“可负担性议程”的候选人起到关键推手的作用。但他挑衅亿万富翁和企业高管的倾向给市政厅带来了麻烦。

他与格里芬(Griffin)的视频冲突并非他与这座城市权力精英之间唯一的碰撞。在公布需要缴纳新“度假屋税”(pied-à-terre tax)——旨在挖掘非纽约籍富豪财富——的房主姓名和地址时,名单中包含了数千名全职居民。一些人批评了一个负责像高线公园(Highline)这类巨型项目的经济发展组织,称该组织目前仅关注少数几家由市政府运营的杂货店。

最近,有迹象表明马姆达尼对部分最富有的选民态度有所缓和。

“比尔和我很多观点不一致,但在这一点上我们达成了一致,”马姆达尼本周在 X 上写道,他在帖子中引用了亿万富翁投资者比尔·阿克曼(Bill Ackman)批评美国网球公开赛门票价格过高的话。市长周二宣布,他将通过市政府提供 1,000 张每张 $100 的门票。

MICHAEL BROCHSTEIN / ZUMA PRESS

“希望未来能有更多达成共识的空间。美网这次做得不错,”此前一直批评马姆达尼的阿克曼回复道。

市长还采取了其他缓和姿态。他会见了像杰米·戴蒙(Jamie Dimon)这样的华尔街巨头,为小企业削减繁文缛节,并大肆宣传企业房地产租赁的激增。首席执行官们则抱怨这些举措看起来像是象征性的姿态。

到目前为止,该委员会尚未引发任何反应,无论好坏。

“委员会的目的是根据来自关键领域商业领袖的直接反馈,帮助制定政府的经济发展政策,”市长的一位发言人表示。

成员包括承诺捐出大部分财产的乌卢卡亚(Ulukaya),他计划利用 Chobani 新的城市办公室的一部分来孵化食品初创企业。名厨马库斯·塞缪尔森(Marcus Samuelsson)则参与了多个旨在喂饱青少年并帮助他们在烹饪行业开启职业生涯的慈善项目。

另一位成员是 Amalgamated Bank 的首席执行官普里西拉·西姆斯·布朗(Priscilla Sims Brown),她是唯一一名在任的银行负责人。

ated,该银行由劳工组织者西德尼·希尔曼(Sidney Hillman)于 1923 年创立,是这个国家金融神经中心规模较小的金融机构之一,在曼哈顿仅设有一家分行。

“我不认为我的角色是代表华尔街——我是为了带来 Amalgamated 客户和社区的视角,”布朗在的一份声明中表示。

委员会的首次会议初步定于 9 月底举行,但目前尚不清楚议程内容。更不确定的是,该委员会是否能够缓和马姆达尼与其最激烈批评者之间的关系。

当被问及这位亿万富翁对该委员会有何看法时,格里芬的一位发言人回避了回答。“我认为这件事不需要肯(Ken)发表意见,”他说道。

市长 佐兰·马姆达尼(Zohran Mamdani)

投票权集会纪念金博士“梦想”演说

历史的回响:周五,人们在华盛顿举行游行,纪念 1963 年那场民权抗议活动,当时马丁·路德·金(Martin Luther King Jr.)牧师发表了著名的“我有一个梦想”演说。此次集会批评了投票法和选区划分的变更。

蓝领工作成为数据中心日益激烈之争的新焦点

2025年,威斯康星州普莱森特山一座在建的微软数据中心内部的工人。 AUDREY RICHARDSON / 路透社

作者:LINDSAY ELLIS 和 AMRITH RAMKUMAR

公众对数据中心建设的大部分抗议集中在电费、用水量和噪音上。现在,一个关于就业的新战场也正在开启。

这可以被称为“对反弹的反弹”:全国范围内对建设的抵制已变得如此广泛,以至于随着中期选举的临近,两党政治人物都暂停了审批或加强了监管。工会和建筑贸易团体现在正从另一方加入战局,警告称此类行动危及数千个与建筑相关的就业岗位。他们威胁要撤回对反对数据中心项目的候选人的支持。

在某些情况下,这些团体正与长期的政治盟友决裂,转而支持那些支持建设的人。在一份分发给成员并由《华尔街日报》查阅的备忘录中,在弗吉尼亚州、马里兰州和华盛顿特区安装机械管道系统的 Steamfitters UA Local 602 写道,它正在划定一条“清晰的界线”,将不再支持反对这些设施的政治人物。

工会支持

在堪萨斯州,一个代表暖通空调(HVAC)和铁路工人的工会打破了数十年的先例,支持共和党州参议员泰·马斯特森(Ty Masterson)竞选州长,部分原因是民主党候选人反对相关建设。在某些情况下,工会在开展倡议活动时,正与建设数据中心和运行人工智能模型的公司合作。

Steamfitters UA Local 602 的财务主管兼业务经理西德尼·博尼拉(Sidney Bonilla)表示,他的成员会为候选人挨家挨户敲门宣传,并帮助资助竞选活动。尽管该工会历史上倾向于支持民主党,但博尼拉表示,这些资金和组织支持现在面临变数。

他表示,工会在提供支持之前将审查政治人物在数据中心问题上的记录,并且他预计其他工会将效仿。“我们依赖这些工作,”他说。

对于数据中心公司而言,工会的支持是一个受欢迎的进展,因为这些公司目前正面临新建设项目审批放缓的困境。对于 OpenAI 和 Anthropic 等 AI 公司来说,扩建是支持更强大模型并实现增长目标的关键,且已成为主要的经济驱动力。

这一切使得中期选举前的政治局面变得复杂。在威斯康星州,民主党州长候选人、电工之子大卫·克劳利(David Crowley)赢得了部分建筑贸易工会的支持,并遭到共和党众议员汤姆·蒂法尼(Tom Tiffany)的攻击,称其被劳工团体和建设数据中心的公司所掌控。克劳利支持对数据中心实施某些限制,但并未支持禁止或暂停建设。

在其他选战中,民主党人批评其对手支持数据中心热潮。一些共和党人也采取了这种策略,即便他们此前支持这些设施及其带来的经济利益。

“如果你夺走了绝佳的职业机会,你就不是朋友,”IBEW Local 26 的政治协调员唐·斯莱曼(Don Slaiman)说道,该工会代表华盛顿、马里兰和弗吉尼亚州的电工。他说,许多岗位提供优厚的工资和福利。“这是真正进入中上层阶级的一次世代机遇。”

尽管党内反对声音日益增加,特朗普总统仍继续支持扩建,他表示,如果数据中心在合适的地点且在适当的指导方针下建设,那么就是合理的。

在建设期间,数据中心需要能够浇筑混凝土、安装电盘以及安装发电机和冷水机(用于保持服务器冷却)等设备的人员。中心建成后,雇佣的工人数量会减少,但将提供稳定的税收流,用于资助当地学校和其他项目。一些地方反对吸引投资的税收减免政策,促使一些州暂停或追回这些减免。

扩建促使 Meta Platforms 和其他科技公司投资于熟练工人的培训。OpenAI、Alphabet 旗下的谷歌以及微软也与工会建立了合作伙伴关系,并将工人短缺强调为美国在 AI 竞赛中的关键瓶颈。

分歧议题

另一方面,一些代表白领工人的工会对数据中心建设的支持程度较低。新泽西州罗格斯大学劳工教育行动研究网络主任托德·瓦尚(Todd Vachon)表示,对于美国最大的工会联合会 AFL-CIO 来说,弥合这些派系之间的分歧将具有挑战性。

AFL-CIO 的附属工会在 6 月通过了一项决议,要求为 AI 和数据中心设立护栏。决议承认数据中心雇佣了数万名工会成员,同时承诺将努力防止 AI 降低工作质量。

政治人物也陷入了困境。瓦尚表示,许多人需要劳工的支持,但这可能要求他们支持极不受欢迎的数据中心:“在选举日,这该如何交代?”

赫格塞斯考虑再次向军事领导层发表讲话

作者:LARA SELIGMAN

据美国官员透露,国防部长皮特·赫格塞斯(Pete Hegseth)正考虑今年再次邀请数百名高级军事人员前往宽提科海军陆战队基地(Marine Corps Base Quantico)听取其讲话。去年秋天,他曾在该地发表了那场“不再允许蓄胡子”的演说。

去年9月,赫格塞斯在未说明理由的情况下,要求全国所有的将军和海军将领在短时间内集结于弗吉尼亚州的宽提科。这一举动令高级军官们感到意外,并在军方内部引起了一些不安。赫格塞斯利用这次不同寻常的活动公布了他的优先事项,重点在于摒弃前任政府的政策。

“军队被那些愚蠢且鲁莽的政治家强迫将注意力集中在错误的事情上,”赫格塞斯说道。

“在很多方面,这次演讲是为了修复数十年的衰败,其中一些是显而易见的,而另一些则是隐藏的。”

官员们表示,赫格塞斯可能会再次利用该场地来概述其优先事项。其中一名官员称,赫格塞斯还将向部队发布一套新的指令。

目前尚无法确定会议的具体时间,以及是否将涵盖所有在职的海军将领和将军。

五角大楼发言人乔尔·瓦尔德兹(Joel Valdez)表示:“我们目前没有任何需要宣布的消息。”

自去年就任五角大楼负责人以来,赫格塞斯将扭转前任政府在多样性和包容性方面的努力作为目标,他长期以来一直主张这些努力损害了美国军队的标准,并致力于恢复一个优先考虑身体标准的文化。但他也受到了专家和前官员的批评,他们认为他正将军队引导向一个过于党派化的方向。

在去年的讲话中,赫格塞斯强调要加强军队标准,称人员将根据其体能和外貌接受评判。

“不专业外貌的时代已经结束了,”赫格塞斯说,“不再允许蓄胡子。”

五角大楼同时发布了11份备忘录,阐明了政府对该部门的优先事项,包括新的体能和仪容标准。

“对于任何需要在战斗中发挥体力才能完成的工作,这些身体标准必须高且不分性别,”赫格塞斯说,“如果这意味着没有女性能够胜任某些战斗岗位,那就这样吧。”

美国新闻

埃尔-赛义德致力于争取摇摆州选民

阿卜杜勒·埃尔-赛义德在7月初参加了密歇根州费恩代尔的一次集会,随后他在参议院民主党初选中获胜。

密歇根州民主党人 在左翼助力赢得 参议院初选后 争取独立选民

作者:萨布丽娜·罗德里格斯 和 约翰·麦考密克

阿卜杜勒·埃尔-赛义德(Abdul El-Sayed)最新的广告展示了他的密歇根根基,包括他继母的白人长老会父母,以及一张他在郊区高中时期打美式足球的照片。

对于这位密歇根州的美国参议院民主党候选人来说,在迎接中期选举之际,一个核心挑战是让人们相信,他的进步主义政治主张与这个摇摆州的主流观点是兼容的,且他的穆斯林信仰不应成为获胜的障碍。

他将在密歇根州面对共和党前众议员迈克·罗杰斯(Mike Rogers)。在2024年总统大选中,该州在特朗普总统获胜的票数差距中排名第二小,而独立选民将在11月发挥关键作用。

埃尔-赛义德已采取措施与进步派基本盘之外的选民建立联系,而共和党人则强调他的穆斯林信仰,试图将其描绘成文化上的局外人。如果当选,埃尔-赛义德将成为美国首位穆斯林参议员。

在过去的一周里,这位进步派人士在争议性的左翼主播哈桑·皮克(Hasan Piker)暗示美国犹太人对以色列的支持可能会让他们陷入风险后,与其保持距离。埃尔-赛义德在接受福克斯新闻(Fox News)采访时,还将自己塑造为专注于民生问题而非文化战争的人。

这次在福克斯新闻的亮相是埃尔-赛义德试图触达民主党基本盘之外的一次高调尝试,同时也为那些希望候选人成为敢于与福克斯主播交锋的“战士”的民主党人提供了激励。在这次25分钟的采访中,埃尔-赛义德面对主持人杰西·沃特斯(Jesse Watters)就从沙里亚法到移民执法,再到跨性别运动员等一系列话题的激烈质询——两人的交流有时引发了双方的嘲讽和笑声。

“他的目标是不让自己显得可怕,不成为他们试图将其塑造的那个怪物。我认为这首先是目标,其次是向基本盘保证并提醒他们,他们可以在敌方阵地获胜,”共和党战略家、反特朗普“林肯计划”(Lincoln Project)联合创始人迈克·马德里德(Mike Madrid)表示。

“如果你能有效地做到这一点——我认为他做到了——那么我认为这会让你在那些你必须争取才能获胜的中间选民心中站稳脚跟,”马德里德补充道。

采访次日,沃特斯似乎证实了埃尔-赛义德的魅力攻势奏效了。

“他很有说服力。他是个自信的人,有点像那种‘纯爷们’——但我并不信任他。”

埃尔-赛义德在初选中的胜利得到了年轻且受教育程度较高选民的支持。民主党战略家表示,他对年轻选民的吸引力部分源于他自身的年轻——他今年41岁——以及对互联网文化的理解。

在竞选活动中,他还展示自己的阳刚之气,经常穿着一件紧身黑色T恤,展露出他的肱二头肌和健身成果。在最近的一次在线筹款宣传中,埃尔-赛义德被拍到在室内攀岩,手臂肌肉凸起。

在福克斯新闻的采访中,埃尔-赛义德多次称63岁的罗杰斯为“beta”(贝塔男),这是年轻人中用来描述一个人软弱或被动的一种俚语。

候选人拒绝“社会主义者”标签

“我觉得能够将社区团结起来并击败迈克·罗杰斯,这让我感觉非常好。你和我都认为他是个‘beta’(弱者),他既不愿上你的节目,也不愿与我辩论,”埃尔-赛义德说道。沃特斯笑了。埃尔-赛义德随后指出,沃特斯之所以对这个笑话发笑,是因为他认同自己的观点。沃特斯再次发笑。

阿卜杜勒·埃尔-赛义德将自己定义为进步主义民粹主义者,并多次拒绝被贴上“社会主义者”的标签,称自己是一名资本主义者。他不是美国民主社会主义者的成员,尽管他得到了该运动中许多人的支持。

与许多极左翼候选人一样,埃尔-赛义德支持“全民医疗保险”、由纳税人资助的儿童护理,以及废除美国移民和海关执

沃特斯微笑着说:“你知道,我挺喜欢他的。我并不想喜欢他,但出于某种愚蠢的原因,我确实喜欢他,不过他不适合密歇根州。”

法局。他称以色列在加沙的行为是种族灭绝。

密歇根州民调专家理查德·楚巴表示,那则 featuring 埃尔-赛义德继祖父母的广告,可能是反击共和党某些攻击的一种潜在有效方式。

“共和党人使用了大量带有暗示性的语言,并不怎么含蓄地针对他的名字和宗教,”他说。“他们想让他看起来和听起来都与众不同。”

“阿卜杜勒并不害怕战斗,”他说。“在整个竞选期间,他一直出现,面对棘手的问题,并直接向选民阐述自己的主张。当共和党人依赖于陈旧的陈词滥调、文化战争且不提供解决方案时,我们的竞选将继续证明,阿卜杜勒就是最地道的密歇根人。”

埃尔-赛义德的发言人科尔·沃兹尼亚克表示,在福克斯新闻露面是竞选活动的一部分,旨在不放弃任何一名选民。

民主党提名了埃尔-赛义德,而非众议员海莉·史蒂文斯。史蒂文斯在初选期间一直主张,其对手的极左观点会令11月大选中的摇摆选民反感。但作为前地方公共卫生官员的埃尔-赛义德证明了自己是更强有力的政治竞争者,他在本月以不到一个百分点的优势获胜。

出现在福克斯新闻已日益成为一些民主党人(包括潜在的2028 presidential contenders)所采取的策略,旨在与该网络的保守派观众接触。

埃尔-赛义德对互联网的精通也面临审查。在初选中,他与在 Twitch 上拥有 310 万 粉丝的主播 Piker 合作,以吸引年轻选民。Piker 的崛起已成为民主党内部紧张关系的来源,暴露了党内在应向左翼移动到什么程度以及如何吸引年轻选民方面的分歧。

在福克斯新闻的采访中,埃尔-赛义德在回答与文化战争议题相关的问题时,多次将对话转向密歇根州居民关注的经济问题。在一次交流中,沃特斯询问埃尔-赛义德关于沙里亚法(伊斯兰教的宗教和道德准则)的问题,而埃尔-赛义德最终将其斥为一种干扰。

“人们担心的问题并不是有人会强加沙里亚法给他们,”埃尔-赛义德说。

U.S. WATCH

MARK SCHIEFELBEIN / AP HONORED: 周五在休斯顿,在接受特朗普总统颁发的国会太空荣誉勋章后,阿尔忒弥斯2号(Artemis II)指令长里德·怀斯曼与同事宇航员(从右至左)杰里米·汉森、克里斯蒂娜·科赫和维克多·格洛弗握手。

TEXAS

美国将建立太空学院

美国将建立一所学院,用于培训政府太空职位的工作人员,其模式将参考空军和海岸警卫队的类似机构。

特朗普总统周五在休斯顿的国家航空航天局(NASA)约翰逊航天中心举行的一场活动中,签署了一项行政命令以建立美国太空学院。白宫表示,该新机构旨在培养能够胜任 NASA、军事太空机构以及私营部门各类岗位的人才。

该学院将由 领导,提供技术教育和领导力培训。 局长贾里德·艾萨克曼(Jared Isaacman)将担任总统委员会的主席,该委员会旨在就创建该机构向总统提供建议。

特朗普周五在一次活动中签署了该命令,此次活动旨在表彰今年早些时候执行 “阿尔忒弥斯 2 号”(Artemis II)任务、环绕月球往返的宇航员。每位宇航员都被授予一枚国会太空荣誉勋章。

—Micah Maidenberg

路易斯安那州

ICE 拘留英国媒体挑衅者

据美国国土安全部(DHS)称,媒体挑衅者米洛·亚南诺普洛斯(Milo Yiannopoulos)因涉嫌签证逾期逗留,已被移民与海关执法局(ICE)拘留。

据国土安全部称,一名移民法官在亚南诺普洛斯缺席一次移民听证会后,于 7 月 22 日对他下达了驱逐令。

ICE 特工于周四在路易斯安那州肯纳的路易斯·阿姆斯特朗新奥尔良国际机场逮捕了亚南诺普洛斯。

一名部门发言人表示:“他选择违反我国法律,逾期逗留。”该部门表示,亚南诺普洛斯于 2019 年合法入境。据国土安全部称,在被遣返之前,他将继续被 ICE 拘留。

在之前的公开言论中,亚南诺普洛斯一直支持特朗普总统对移民的打击行动。在 2025 年的一篇社交媒体帖子中,他敦促政府将数百万人从美国驱逐出境,并称“其他任何事情都不重要”。

—Jack Morphet

白宫

员工就 Kalshi 交易调查达成和解

一名因利用内部信息进行投注而受到调查的白宫提词器操作员,在达成和解后,将面临来自 Kalshi 预测市场和联邦监管机构的处罚。

该操作员加布里埃尔·佩雷斯(Gabriel Perez)将支付 $65,000 的民事货币罚款,并将把在投注中赢得的 $107,000 多美元交给商品期货交易委员会(CFTC)。他将被禁贸三年。

Kalshi 的律师兼政府执法负责人罗伯特·德诺特(Robert DeNault)在周五晚些时候的一篇社交媒体帖子中表示,作为和解的一部分,佩雷斯还将受到公司的处罚。

白宫未回应置评请求。

此次和解是在联邦监管机构调查佩雷斯利用提前获取特朗普总统演讲稿而进行超过 $100,000 投注之后达成的。白宫此前曾警告员工,不得利用其职务在预测市场进行投注。佩雷斯已被停职,期间不领取薪水。

f

致 TikTok 和 YouTube 的公开信:请与我们一起支持青少年

我们宣布已与来自美国各州、领地及哥伦比亚特区的 52 位具有两党背景的总检察长达成一项协议,这基于我们长期以来致力于赋予家长权力并支持青少年的努力。

通过这项协议,我们制定了一条通往全行业承诺的路径,旨在通过引入以下措施进一步赋予家长权力:

• 每日两小时的时间限制

  • 默认在夜间关闭对我们应用程序的访问权限

• 在学校上课期间不发送通知

  • 在连续使用屏幕每 15 分钟时,向青少年发出清晰的提示和通知

  • 新的家长监督控制功能,以便家长决定其青少年如何使用我们的应用程序

我们希望确保青少年能从这一新的行业标准中受益,但我们无法单独完成。只有当我们与同行——TikTok 和 YouTube——合作并实施相同的措施时,这些保护措施才能真正发挥作用。

所有平台都应以这些方式赋予家长权力并支持青少年,因为我们知道,当青少年在一个应用程序上受到限制时,他们只会转向另一个应用程序。为了取得实质性进展,我们敦促同行加入我们的行列。

加州虐待受害者法案代价高昂

从左至右:LUKE HALES / GETTY IMAGES;HEATHER DIEHL / GETTY IMAGES 一项针对加州 58 个县中 19 个县(包括洛杉矶县)的调查估计,自右侧的纽森州长于 2019 年签署该法案以来,这些县面临的潜在赔偿责任至少达 124 亿美元 billion。

批评者称,提起民事诉讼的便捷性缺乏限制,无法遏制欺诈行为

作者:保罗·基尔南 (PAUL KIERNAN)

洛杉矶县已开始向多达 11,000 人支付近 50 亿美元 billion,以解决数十年前关于寄养家庭和青少年拘留中心儿童性虐待的索赔。

但问题在于:该县的首席检察官表示,大多数索赔可能是欺诈性的。县政府的辩护律师对此持有不同意见,并希望继续推进和解付款,因为走法律程序可能会更加昂贵。

这个全美最大的县已成为加州各地地方政府和学区陷入财政泥潭的中心。这一切始于一项旨在帮助儿童性虐待幸存者在成年后寻求认可和补偿的州法律。州立法者正在考虑一项提案,旨在本周一立法会议结束前削减相关成本。

该 2019 年法案暂时暂停了过去儿童性侵案件的诉讼时效,随后将涉嫌受害者寻求民事赔偿的最高年龄从 26, 提高到 40, 并降低了提起民事诉讼的其他障碍。

但公职人员表示,该法律也为激进的审判律师和涉嫌欺诈者提供了机会,因为在加州,地方政府有很大的动力去达成民事诉讼和解,甚至在没有对虐待索赔进行充分审查的情况下。部分原因是,加州不对包括县、市和公立学区在内的由纳税人资助的实体的赔偿责任设定上限。

批评者在法律通过前就警告过潜在的陷阱。在旧案件中,证人和记录往往难以或无法追踪,这增加了被告收集证据的难度。《华尔街日报》发现,2019 年的法律允许提起最早可追溯至 20 世纪 40 年代初的性虐待诉讼。

今年一项针对加州 58 个县中 19 个县的调查估计,自该法律通过以来,它们面临的赔偿责任至少为 124 亿美元 billion。一个为学区提供财政问题咨询的州工作组首席执行官迈克尔·法恩 (Michael Fine) 表示,从判决、和解以及追溯性保险费来看,对公立学校的影响接近 40 亿美元 billion。

洛杉矶县已经同意支付的和解金,到目前为止相当于该县 969 万 名居民每人承担约 $500。根据其主要协议,即使是被怀疑欺诈的原告也可能获得 $50,000 以撤回其索赔。该县还面临另外 5,400 起尚未解决的索赔。

“人们没有意识到这个成本最终由我们所有人承担,”洛杉矶县五位民选监察员之一的凯瑟琳·巴格 (Kathryn Barger) 表示,“它最终将削弱公共服务。”

随着立法会议接近尾声,代表加州各县、市和学区的团体正敦促州立法者控制成本。相关方案包括设定赔偿上限、提高证据标准,或者在公共实体仅承担部分责任的案件中,增加让纳税人为所有损害赔偿负责的难度。

数十年前的创伤

2019年的法律旨在触及那些往往需要数十年才能向他人讲述其创伤的性虐待受害者。这反映了学术界和公众日益认识到,许多幸存者在生命早期披露性虐待时面临着心理障碍。

“一个在童年时期遭受袭击的人竟然可能会因为时间过期而无法举报该虐待行为,这种想法简直令人愤慨,”加州该法律的起草者、前州议会议员洛雷娜·冈萨雷斯(Lorena Gonzalez)在 2019. 提出该法案后表示。州长加文·纽森(Gavin Newsom)于同年晚些时候签署了该法案。

美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)引用的流行率研究估计,美国至少有 1 in 4 的女孩和 1 in 20 的男孩经历过童年性虐待。受害者权益倡导者表示,巨额赔付的威胁会激励机构更努力地防止虐待行为发生。

根据倡导组织 Child USA 的说法,近几十年来,大多数州都试图增加童年性虐待幸存者接触法律系统的机会。

加州的城市、县和学区表示,他们很少有手段来应对针对旧案的指控。而且,陪审团做出所谓“核弹级裁决”(nuclear verdicts)的风险迫使政府实体选择和解。

批评者表示,巨额和解金的可能性吸引了审判律师,这些人通常会收取受害者赔付款的 40%。一些律师反对立法者限制甚至量化纳税人成本的努力。

Manly, Stewart, Finaldi & Thom 律师事务所在其网站上列出了数十亿美元的性虐待赔付款,该事务所采取了激进的姿态。去年,一名州参议员提出了一项法案,要求针对数十年前的案件提供“清晰且令人信服的佐证”,随后该事务所投放了一则广告,将其称为“捕食者屏蔽法”(Predator Shield Law)。该参议员,民主党人本·艾伦(Ben Allen)随后撤回了该提案。

艾伦拒绝置评。

“如果你是教师、公共雇员工会以及那些绝对允许加州及其他地区数千名儿童被猥亵的腐败政客的走狗,那我没兴趣和你说话,”该律师事务所创始人约翰·曼利(John Manly)在回复电子邮件评论请求时表示。在随后的电话中,他表示歉意并说道:“从政策和经济角度来看待这件事很容易,但它正在大规模地影响真实的人。”

《洛杉矶时报》去年 10 月的一项调查发现,有七个人表示他们被付费起诉该县性虐待。其中两人表示被告知要编造故事。据该报报道,这些人全部由原告律师事务所 Downtown L.A. Law Group 代表,该事务所提交了当时寻求和解的 11,000 起索赔申请中的约四分之一。该事务所通过电子邮件告诉《华尔街日报》,其“从未付费让任何人起诉”,也“从未指示任何人编造证词”。

被清除的记录

加利福尼亚州法律通常要求县政府在一定期限后密封或销毁青少年拘留记录,这往往导致无法核实原告是否曾被拘留。

地区检察官内森·霍克曼(Nathan Hochman)利用执法数据库发起了一项调查,该数据库记录了该县自 20 世纪 60 年代以来起诉的几乎所有人员,包括那些档案已被从缓刑部门清除的青少年。

“我们可以查看系统,确认某人在他们声称在设施内的时间点是否确实在那里,”霍克曼在一次采访中表示。

他表示,可能存在“数千起”合法案件。但他的办公室在提交给法院的文件中估计,洛杉矶县主要结算基金中高达 81% 的索赔包含“欺诈指标”,例如记录显示所谓的受害者在声称遭受虐待期间居住在该县之外。

洛杉矶县的辩护律师拒绝加入霍克曼冻结赔付的动议,并恢复向一个旨在补偿原告及其律师的托管基金转移资金。

洛杉矶县聘请的外部律师安迪·鲍姆(Andy Baum)在声明中表示,地区检察官的估计“与我们在审查过程中看到的情况完全不符,我们的审查过程包括一套重要且详细的欺诈预防和检测协议”。该县拒绝解释这些协议的具体内容。

根据洛杉矶县法律顾问办公室的数据,负责审核索赔的独立管理机构 BrownGreer 截至 7 月 28, 日已向原告支付了 $57.200 万。

地区检察官办公室希望在年底前提起刑事欺诈指控。此外,该办公室还在调查圣莫尼卡数百起涉嫌欺诈的性虐待诉讼,这些诉讼已耗尽了这座标志性海滨城镇的预算储备。

加州该法律的起草者冈萨雷斯(Gonzalez)目前是一家劳工联合会的负责人,她对她所谓的律师们的“疯狂敛财”行为表示沮丧。

沃什改变市场预期

(接第一页) 决定整个经济体的借贷成本。

与此同时,这一信号过于强烈,以至于让一些投资者担心,沃什已将美联储置于一个尴尬的境地:无论经济是否需要,美联储现在可能都面临下个月加息的压力。

“你基本上向市场发出了信号,即美联储或多或少将会实施加息,”DWS美洲固定收益主管乔治·卡特拉姆博内(George Catrambone)表示。

“我只是不确定随着数据的出炉,情况是否真的会如此。”

卡特拉姆博内表示,在消费者开始显现疲态之际,加息可能会损害经济。但他说,如果不加息,可能会再次引发长期债券的抛售,因为这会让人重新质疑沃什的可信度。

投资者并未因沃什的言论而恐慌,这些言论是在怀俄明州杰克逊霍尔举行的堪萨斯城美联储年度研讨会上发表的。道琼斯工业平均指数下跌不足 0.1%,标准普尔 500 指数下跌 0.2%,而纳斯达克综合指数下跌 0.5%。

相比之下,在沃什此前作为主席的两次高调亮相(即 6 月和 7 月的会后新闻发布会)之后,股指的跌幅要剧烈得多。

在其中第一次亮相中,沃什——他曾表示不想过多透露其对利率前景的看法——同样以对通胀的担忧令投资者感到意外。

随后在 7 月,他因相反的原因惊扰了市场,他发表的几项声明让投资者质疑他是否愿意将关于通胀的言论转化为实际的政策变动。

尽管股市在近几个月总体继续攀升,但债券市场出现了更多的动荡。

在 7 月美联储会议后的几周里,30 年期美国国债收益率攀升至 5.3% 以上——这是自 2007 年以来的最高水平。

数据来源:FactSet

这促使美国财政部最近出人意料地宣布,作为其现有回购计划的一部分,将至少将长期国债的购买量增加一倍。

虽然该计划始于 2024 年,旨在支持流动性较低的旧证券的交易,但财政部长斯科特·贝森特(Scott Bessent)在最近接受 CNBC 采访时暗示,增加回购的目的是为了降低长期债券收益率,他认为这些收益率并未反映经济基本面。

在经历了一段时间的初步波动后,他的举措似乎取得了一定成效,近几日长期收益率相对于短期收益率有所下降。

根据 Tradeweb 的数据,30 年期美国国债收益率周五收于 5.207%,低于上周三早晨财政部宣布消息之前的 5.266%。

尽管如此,对抵押贷款利率和其他借贷成本影响更大的 10 年期国债收益率为 4.721%——高于周四的 4.671% 以及回购公告之前的 4.682%。

国债收益率在债券价格下跌时上升,在很大程度上反映了投资者对美联储设定的短期利率在债券生命周期内平均水平的预期。

因此,美联储加息往往会推高尤其是短期国债的收益率。但通过降低通胀威胁以及减少未来可能需要更高利率的需求,加息也可以抑制长期收益率。

与经济波动密切相关的公司股价在周五下跌:罗素 2000 指数下跌 1.4%,而标准普尔 500 工业板块下跌 1%。虽然沃什并未承诺在美联储下次会议上加息,但利率上升的前景依然拖累了股市。

Alphastar Capital Management 首席投资官托尼·帕里什(Tony Parish)表示,沃什“让情况变得高度不确定”。“如果说确定性发生了任何偏移,那就是向加息的可能性偏移——而市场并不特别喜欢这一点。”

股票投资者对近期债券市场的动荡反应不大,而是将注意力集中在另一个业绩爆发季的收尾上——以及可能的夏季假期。

过去一周的日均交易量处于 2026 年的最低水平之列。周四,股市获得提振,此前英伟达(Nvidia)又一个业绩爆棚的季度消除了市场对 AI 芯片需求降温的担忧。标准普尔 500 指数距离历史最高点仅约 1%。

九月的开始标志着股市历史上一个波动较大的月份的到来。

LPL Financial 宏观策略主管克里斯蒂安·克尔(Kristian Kerr)表示,沃什的演讲为其留下了选择空间——交易员们对于货币政策制定者在 9 月 16 日的下一次会议上将采取何种立场仍相对不确定。

“目前仍存在一种试图摸清(沃什)底细的因素,”克尔说,“这种情况还将持续一段时间。”

美联储加息已在考虑之中

(接第一页)

特朗普总统在长期批评鲍威尔未能按照其意愿降低利率后,于今年早些时候任命沃什接替鲍威尔领导美联储。在沃什接任后的前两次会议上,美联储维持利率不变。

沃什在演讲中描述称,目前的经济状况显示出极少受到美联储当前约 3.6% 利率水平的抑制。尽管住房和农业领域出现了一些压力迹象,但沃什表示,“总的来看,我很难将广泛的金融状况描述为具有限制性的”。

经济前景在央行内部引发了分歧,少数政策制定者担心利率过低,不足以降低通胀。上个月有三名官员投票支持加息,其他一些官员也表示他们愿意加入其中。

分歧的焦点在于,通胀率维持在美联储 $2 目标之上,究竟是因为关税和伊朗战争等一次性冲击,还是因为需求跑在了供应之前,使得企业能够维持价格上涨。

在解释美联储上个月决定不提高利率时,沃什表示,他认为“更明智的做法是等待新信息”,特别是考虑到“供应链、投资流向以及地缘政治可能出现的新进展——然后再决定是否建议调整利率政策”。

虽然沃什提出了近期鹰派人士提出的几项论点,这可能为最终加息铺平道路,但他也提供了一个足够灵活的标准,以便在确信潜在通胀终于下降时,能够证明维持利率不变是合理的。

分析师表示,沃什在周五对通胀采取了更强硬的立场,这可能会使他在下个月陷入必须加息的局面,除非在会议前经济前景发生重大变化。如果美联储选择维持利率不变,沃什将面临压力,需要解释当前的政策立场将如何实现他所承诺的通胀目标,而这正是他尚未解决的问题。

参加了此次会议的美国企业研究所(American Enterprise Institute)经济学家迈克尔·斯特雷恩(Michael Strain)表示,这次演讲“将根据美联储在 9 月会议上的决定而受到评价”。“如果美联储在 9 月不加息,那么我认为人们会回顾今天早上的演讲,并疑惑发生了什么变化。”

沃什利率设定委员会的大部分成员就坐在他面前。

债券市场花了一段时间才理清头绪。基准10年期美国国债收益率最初下跌,随后攀升。反映市场对美联储下一步行动预期的2年期国债收益率则大幅上涨。

研究公司 22V Research 的经济战略师彼得·威廉姆斯(Peter Williams)表示,这一反应是“市场的一种宽慰,因为他在7月的新闻发布会上对其潜在的去通胀承诺引发了重大质疑”。

6月和7月较为温和的通胀数据减轻了美联储在9月加息的压力。尽管这些数据好于预期,但沃什表示,“它们并未告诉我潜在趋势已得到实质性改善”。他强调了价格上涨的广泛性:在美联储首选的通胀篮子中,约有一半的项目上涨速度超过 3%,这虽然远低于疫情后的高点,但仍高于疫情前二十年里约三分之一的水平。

沃什在驳回工资温和增长这一观点时,搁置了主张耐心等待的最有力论据之一;而在美联储的传统模型中,工资温和增长是通胀随时间推移将变得更可控的迹象。沃什表示,长期以来,工资增长“已被证明不能作为未来通胀的可靠指标”。

杰克逊霍尔研讨会在金融市场中具有极高的重要性,因为美联储主席经常将主旨演讲作为调整央行整体战略的跳板。但由于沃什在美联储上次会议上刻意拒绝解释其当前立场将如何兑现他在上任首周做出的大胆承诺,引发了金融市场的担忧,使得他的首次演讲更受期待。

TS Lombard 的史蒂文·布利茨(Steven Blitz)表示,如果同样的话由鲍威尔说出,那么9月加息几乎将成定局。他说,沃什较短的任职记录留下了更多疑虑空间。

除了市场,沃什还面对着另一个重要的受众:他自己的利率设定委员会的大部分成员就坐在他面前。这一场景与过去两年非常相似,当时鲍威尔利用同样的主旨演讲来引导一个分歧严重且倾向于达成共识的委员会做出决定。

但动态却有所不同,因为鲍威尔的同事们即使在与其意见不一致时,也了解他的推理逻辑。而沃什及其同事们仍在互相摸索。他们知道他想改变美联储的哪些方面,但他们还在学习他在政策制定者始终面临的不确定性下是如何做出判断的。

许多投资者和经济学家认同沃什对美联储预告下一步行动之习惯的怀疑。但很少有人像他在担任主席的前三个月那样走得那么远。通过拒绝详细阐明美联储如何解读经济,这家央行将不仅隐瞒决定,还将隐瞒决定背后的推理,而这正是让外界能够核查央行工作的一套框架。

观看视频

扫描此代码,查看《华尔街日报》关于沃什演讲关键要点的分析。

冰川融化危及山城

作者:PATRICIA KOWSMANN 和 JUNKO FUKUTOME

在全球范围内,山上的冰川正在迅速融化或崩塌,导致土壤不稳定,并产生由水和岩石组成的泥石流,吞没整个城镇并造成人员死亡。

随着气温升高导致高海拔地区冰川融化,亚洲、欧洲和北美的山地社区面临的风险日益增加。

就在上周,一场巨大的泥石流冲毁了中国和尼泊尔边境两侧的村庄,造成数百人死亡,至少 1,500 人失踪。科学家认为,触发因素是一块冰川及其下方的一块巨岩坠入下方约 4,000 英尺深的谷底。2021 年印度也发生过类似事件。

“变暖使这些地貌变得不稳定,因为它导致了……退化。”

冰川融化在喜马拉雅山脉形成了新的湖泊,而这些湖泊随后发生了溃决。在阿拉斯加,来自巨大的门登霍尔冰川(Mendenhall Glacier)的融水已成为年度威胁。在瑞士阿尔卑斯山,去年一块冰川崩塌,引发了山体滑坡,几乎摧毁了整个村庄。

虽然科学家表示有多种因素导致了这些事件,但他们一致认为,全球气温升高正使山顶的冰层和冻土变得不稳定,且容易发生灾难。

“变暖使这些地貌变得不稳定,因为它导致了冰川和积雪融化,以及多年冻土的变暖和退化,”苏格兰邓迪大学的地质科学家西蒙·库克(Simon Cook)表示,他正在调查尼泊尔的这起事件。“这些进而导致了更不稳定的状况,从而诱发雪崩、山体滑坡和洪水。”

日本名古屋大学的冰川学教授藤田浩司(Koji Fujita)表示,科学界普遍认为冰川退缩是一个全球性趋势,且一直在加速,尤其是 2020 年以来。科学家估计,瑞士阿尔卑斯山 10% 的冰量在 2022 和 2023 年间流失,这与 1960 到 1990 年这三十年间的流失量相当。

冰起到了将岩石和土壤结合在一起的“胶水”作用,这在山顶尤为重要,因为它可以保持土地稳定。一旦冰开始融化,这种结合作用就会消失,为可能发生的山体滑坡扫清了障碍。当冰川碎片脱落时,冰在撞击时被粉碎成水,从而造成毁灭性的洪水。

去年,瑞士阿尔卑斯山的一座冰川部分崩塌,摧毁了布拉滕(Blatten)村的大部分地区。根据发表在《自然》(Nature)杂志上的一篇文章,约 2000 万 吨的冰石以超过 120 英里每小时的速度移动。

剑桥大学教授兼该文章的第一作者乌尔夫·比恩根(Ulf Büntgen)表示,这次灾难发生在欧洲阿尔卑斯山至少自中世纪早期以来最温暖的十年之后。他还表示,有证据表明全球变暖正在导致高海拔地区出现更多降水。

“有大量证据表明气候变化至关重要,但科学家需要更多数据来检测某种模式,”比恩根说。

世界新闻

PRABIN RANABHAT / 周五,在尼泊尔中部努瓦科特区(Nuwakot)发生山洪后,一名获救妇女在哭泣。

尼泊尔死亡人数上升

至少584人死亡,2,480多人失踪,搜救工作仍在进行

作者:KRISHNA POKHAREL

周三发生的洪水导致尼泊尔和中国有超过2,480人失踪,至少584人确认死亡,救援工作仍在继续。

尼泊尔国家灾害风险减轻与管理当局周五表示,在尼泊尔有超过1,924人失踪,其中包括517名外国人。该机构称,已寻获579具遗体。尼泊尔旅游局表示,失踪的外国游客中包括65名美国人和98名印度人。

据中国国家通讯社新华社确认,中国方面有5人死亡,558人失踪。

此次灾难发生时,许多印度教和佛教信徒正途经该地区,前往他们认为神圣的尼泊尔和西藏的山区湖泊。靠近特里舒利河(Trishuli River)的高速公路两旁分布着市场、酒店和餐厅,该区域遭到了洪水袭击。吉隆口岸也是尼泊尔与中国之间的主要边境口岸,同时是一条重要的贸易路线。

据中国国家电视台央视报道,西藏吉隆口岸上游的一个堰塞湖已开始溢流,迫使救援行动暂时中止。尼泊尔当局也对可能再次发生的洪水发出警告,并告知居民和救援人员采取预防措施。

专家认为,大量岩石和冰块从约16,000英尺的高度坠落,可能是由于冰川部分坍塌引起,随后坠入下方4,000英尺深的谷底。坠落使冰块化作一股水波,冲入附近的河流,席卷了中国和尼泊尔的城镇与村庄,将人们冲至远在150英里之外的尼泊尔与印度南部边境附近的地区。

尼泊尔已动员数千名军队、警察和准军事部队参与搜救行动。

周五是尼泊尔一年一度的印度教节日——拉克沙班丹节(Raksha Bandhan),家人会聚在一起,在手腕上系上神圣的丝线以祈求保护。今年,许多尼泊尔人为受洪水影响的人们祈祷。

许多伤员和获救者正被直升机运往首都加德满都接受治疗。寻获的遗体被运往加德满都,由亲属进行身份确认。

周四,加德满都特里布万大学教学医院(Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital)的墙上贴满了失踪者的照片和洪水遇难者的遗骸照片。该医院是尼泊尔最古老、规模最大的国立医院之一。绝望的家属在此寻找消息。

来自拉苏瓦(Rasuwa)的达瓦·旺莫·加莱(Dawa Wangmo Ghale)在寻找她的哥哥,他是灾难发生前一天前往尼泊尔与中国边境的。拉苏瓦是尼泊尔北部首个遭受洪水袭击的地区。“我们到处都找不到他,”她拿着一张哥哥的照片说道,“我们还没收到他生死的消息。”

另一名女性帕桑·乔穆·加莱(Pasang Chhomu Ghale)在周三获救。“我很幸运地在洪水中幸存了下来,”她说,“但我完全不知道那里谁还活着,谁已经死了。”

印度民族主义领导人访美引发愤怒

作者:詹姆斯·T·阿雷迪 (JAMES T. AREDDY)

十多年来,一场基于印度教、推行民族主义右翼政策的运动在印度国内势头强劲,政治影响力不断扩大。如今,国民志愿服务团(RSS)正开启一场国际巡访,旨在提升其在印度以外的认可度和信誉,但目前在美国面临阻力。

纽约市市长佐兰·马姆达尼(Zohran Mamdani)及众多反对者表示,RSS宣扬仇恨穆斯林,因此不受欢迎。该组织计划周六在麦迪逊广场花园举行一场活动,其激进领导人莫汉·巴格瓦特(Mohan Bhagwat)将出席。

RSS的正式名称为“国民志愿服务团”(Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh),该组织主张建立一个围绕印度教文化和宗教信仰的强大印度。印度总理纳伦德拉·莫迪(Narendra Modi)领导的执政党——印度人民党(Bharatiya Janata Party)的意识形态基础便源自RSS。在莫迪执政的12年间,印度教民族主义一直是其政策制定的核心。

“看到一个基于排他性愿景的运动崛起,这令人深感不安,”马姆达尼表示。

这位市长是一名虔诚的穆斯林,父母出生于印度。他表示,他坚决反对他所描述的印度右翼对多元主义的倒退。尽管如此,他表示自己几乎没有权力阻止一场私人活动。

与此同时,美国与印度的双边关系已变得更具交易性和民族主义色彩,而不再是挑战中国的民主国家伙伴关系。

特朗普总统将莫迪描述为一位好朋友。尽管如此,美国政府仍对印度征收高额关税,批评其从俄罗斯进口石油,并收紧签证政策以限制印度公民的机会,同时削减了与新德里的军事和战略合作。

印度有望进入全球前五大经济体,是美国能源和军事硬件极具潜力的客户。

“这次总统将印太地区视为一个市场,”华盛顿智库战略与国际研究中心(CSIS)印度及新兴亚洲经济学主席理查德·M·罗索(Richard M. Rossow)表示。

印度在种族上具有多样性,但其政治由印度教徒主导,印度教徒约占其 14 亿美元 人口的 80%。

莫迪被指责推行符合RSS哲学、歧视并剥夺印度宗教少数群体(尤其是约 2 亿 穆斯林)权利的政策。

巴格瓦特此次在美露面,旨在利用莫迪的政治崛起及其在海外印度侨民中的影响力。

美联社照片 / RAFIQ MAQBOOL

本月早些时候,RSS领导人莫汉·巴格瓦特在孟买。

世界观察

OYLAN MARTINEZ / 路透社 皇室告别:挪威的哀悼者在周五悼念于 89 岁去世的哈拉尔五世(King Harald V)。哈拉尔在纳粹占领期间曾流亡美国。其子哈康八世(Haakon VIII)继位。

乌克兰

俄罗斯继续发动空袭

官员表示,俄罗斯军队周五恢复了对乌克兰基辅地区的无人机袭击,在连续第二天的空中攻击中,击中了十多栋公寓楼和存储仓库。

外交部表示,周四在基辅进行的长时间空袭实际上使这座乌克兰首都陷入了长达15小时的封锁,在俄罗斯全面入侵其邻国 $4 \frac{1}{2}$ 年多之后,这导致经济陷入瘫痪,平民生活受到严重干扰。该部门表示,在更靠近前线的地区,更长时间的警报已成为日常现实。

俄罗斯的无人机和导弹袭击还瞄准了电网,乌克兰官员称这是一场旨在将“冬季武器化”的年度行动。在黑海沿岸的乌克兰南部赫尔松地区,前一天的滑翔炸弹迫使一家热电厂关闭,官员们预测今年冬天将出现长时间的停电,并告知人们如果可能的话请搬到其他地方。

基辅地区军政当局负责人季穆尔·特卡琴科(Tymur Tkachenko)周五表示,俄罗斯的袭击损坏了14个仓库、16栋私人住宅、3栋公寓楼和16辆车辆。

国家紧急服务局表示,在应急救援人员部署后,第二架无人机击中了同一地点,军方将其称为针对急救人员的“双击”袭击。

—美联社

荷兰

卢旺达人因1994年种族灭绝被定罪

荷兰的一家法院周五判定一名卢旺达男子参与其母国1994年的种族灭绝罪名成立,并判处其终身监禁。

海牙地方法院在定罪后的书面声明中表示,这名66岁的被告(姓名未公开)参与了在两个以图西族为主的社区中抢劫和焚烧房屋的袭击,并将一枚手榴弹扔向在足球场避难的图西族人群。 —美联社

讣告

奥约·尼姆巴,34, 曾是“男孩国王”

乌干达的一位部落君主奥约·尼姆巴(Oyo Nyimba)因某种未公开的疾病去世,享年34岁。他婴儿时期就登上了古老的王位,作为一名“男孩国王”令世界领导人们感到好奇。

托罗王国(Tooro)国王的死讯由总理于周五宣布。

奥约国王在父亲去世后,于1995年3岁时加冕。他曾拥有世界上最年轻国王的非正式称号。

在18岁成年之前,他通过王国任命的摄政王领导其子民。

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习近平将石油转化为对抗西方的盾牌

伊朗战争动摇全球秩序,中国庞大的储备为其经济提供保护

作者:REBECCA FENG 和 BRIAN SPEGELE

在美国袭击伊朗之前,北京方面花费了数年时间及数百亿美元,积累了全球规模最大的石油储备。如今,随着冲突可能持续一段时间,这些储备赋予了中国在全球石油市场上的巨大影响力,并成为了对抗西方的关键防御手段。

根据一些估计,去年中国的储备比美国多出近 6 亿 桶。这批储备使其能够在战争爆发时大幅削减石油进口,从而抑制全球油价上涨并保障其经济安全。

这对于中国领导人习近平来说是一次重大的证明,他一直致力于增强中国的韧性,以应对他所认为的由美国领导的敌对西方世界。几十年来,中国领导人一直担心国家对进口原油的依赖,其中大部分原油经过海峡运输,而美国或其他军队可能会在冲突中试图封锁这些海峡。

现在,伊朗战争证明,中国强有力的能源政策为北京提供了一个重要的工具,例如在涉及台湾的冲突中可以使用。

危机管理

中国的储备,结合其比预期更快的去化石燃料转型,使其成为全球能源市场中最强大的波动买家(swing buyer)。中国大幅削减了进口,这防止了原油价格进一步飙升。今年 3 月至 7 月,中国的原油进口量同比下降了 23%。

哥伦比亚大学全球能源政策中心学者埃里卡·唐斯(Erica Downs)表示,随着伊朗危机的展开,在中国,“几乎从第一天起就有一种感觉,即‘我们能够处理这件事,不需要恐慌’”。

在未来,这种力量可能会在与美国的冲突中被运用。例如,在发生台湾战争的情况下,北京数月内削减石油进口的能力,可以帮助中国抵御美国及其盟友封锁对华能源运输的企图。

近年来,中国的大部分石油进口经过新加坡附近的马六甲海峡。与中东的霍尔木兹海峡一样,这条狭窄的水道是美国或其他军队可能试图封锁能源贸易的几个关键咽喉点之一。

牛津能源研究所在中国能源研究负责人米哈尔·梅丹(Michal Meidan)表示,对于中国来说,“石油并非我们认为的那样是其阿喀琉斯之踵”。

中国外交部表示,当务之急是恢复海湾地区和中东的和平与稳定。

秘密储备

中国并不公布其战略石油储备的规模,也不透露其石油消费量,这迫使分析师通过将官方炼油厂的吞吐量与精炼油产品的净进口量相加,来计算“表观需求”。

中国炼油厂削减运行量

2025年中国的储备比美国多近6 亿 barrels。山东省的一艘原油油轮。

■ 俄罗斯与伊朗 ■ 所有其他国家 ■ 中东* ■ 非洲

来源:Vortexa

*不包括伊朗

中国原油进口来源地分布

1250 万 barrels a day

根据中国国家统计局的数据,2026年第二季度的进口量比去年同期仅减少了160 万 barrels a day。与进口量350 万 barrels a day的跌幅相比,这是一个较小的降幅。

许多经济学家表示,解释必然在于中国庞大的原油储备。

没有人知道储备的确切规模。分析师估计总储备在10 亿美元和14 亿美元 barrels之间,约相当于120天的进口量。

能源分析师表示,动用储备可能解释了中国近期进口量下降的大约一半原因。其他措施包括限制油产品出口。根据中国海关数据,第二季度中国汽油出口同比骤降$93%,柴油出口下降了四分之一,航空燃料出口则减半。

由于无法出口油产品,且受限于打击国内利润空间的价格上限,中国炼油厂开始削减运行量。牛津能源研究所在报告中称,6月和7月,中国的炼油运行量从战争前的1500 万 barrels a day以上下降到大约1250 万 barrels a day。

多年的准备

中国多年来一直在为这一时刻做准备,早在2014.就将能源安全列为国家优先事项。政府对可再生能源部门的大力支持降低了该国发电对石油的依赖。

官方数据显示,今年上半年,该国总发电量的约五分之二来自可再生能源。今年在中国销售的新车中,有一半是新能源汽车。

廉价的电动汽车、庞大的充电网络以及横跨数万英里的高铁网络,意味着当燃料价格上涨时,中国消费者可以轻松转向其他出行方式。而他们确实这么做了。

中国还利用了煤炭。虽然将煤炭转化为化学品比使用石油或天然气成本更高,但中国的国内煤炭储备极其丰富。美银证券(Bank of America)大中华区经济学家乔海伦(Helen Qiao)表示,通过完善煤化工工艺,中国保护了国家免受石油供应中断的影响。

分析师和经济学家表示,在战争前原油供应70%依赖进口的中国,无法永远将进口量维持在如此低水平。只要通过霍尔木兹海峡的流量持续受限,官员们就必须在经济增长与确保石油储备不至于下降过多之间寻找平衡。但关于中国何时开始购买更多原油以及购买多少,他们持有不同意见。

而且已经出现了痛苦的迹象。例如,柴油和汽油出口等高利润业务的锐减,不仅损害了中国炼油厂,也更广泛地影响了该国的制造业和出口机器。

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美国获得委内瑞拉石油储备份额

委内瑞拉原油产量,每月

作者:COLLIN EATON

特朗普总统周五晚些时候确认,美国已与委内瑞拉达成协议,以确保控制该拉美国家很大一部分的石油储备。

“在我的指示下,国务卿马可·鲁比奥和战争部长皮特·海格塞斯,与备受尊敬的委内瑞拉临时总统德尔西·罗德里格斯密切合作,并通过与私营企业的伙伴关系,在不增加美国纳税人成本的情况下,确保了美国对委内瑞拉 650 亿美元 桶以上已探明石油储备的多数控制权,”总统在社交媒体上表示。

该协议将使美国在委内瑞拉一些最具潜力的油气田获得立足点。该国称其拥有约 3000 亿美元 桶的已探明储备,位居世界第一。相比之下,美国拥有约 460 亿美元 桶。

特朗普还表示,该协议将降低所有美国人的汽油价格。由于美国与伊朗的战争导致全球很大一部分石油和天然气被封锁在霍尔木兹海峡之后,他及其团队一直试图加强西半球的能源安全。

委内瑞拉临时总统德尔西·罗德里格斯已向一家私营公司——

该协议可能有助于让那些对在当地投资持谨慎态度的美国公司感到安心。

一名美国官员表示,这是一个由美国政府和委内瑞拉私营运营商共同开展的合作项目——获得油田为期 100 年的租赁权。该实体将成为全球第二大已探明储备的企业持有者,仅次于沙特阿美公司。

美国政府将持有 55% 的份额,分为股权所有权和石油产量。该官员补充说,随着该公司扩大生产规模,这些石油将有助于填补美国战略石油储备。

来源:美国能源部

周五的协议可能有助于让那些在当地投入资本犹豫不决的美国公司感到安心。

《华尔街日报》周五早些时候报道,雪佛龙公司正接近达成一项在委内瑞拉油田进行大规模投资的协议。但许多其他公司一直犹豫不决。

一些公司表示,他们需要安全保证以及该国法律和商业框架的彻底改革,才会考虑投入。自美国在 1 月份罢免总统尼古拉斯·马杜罗以来,委内瑞拉的石油产量增长缓慢。

谈判的消息引起了委内瑞拉部分反对派人士的强烈抗议,他们一直敦促美国向罗德里格斯施压以举行选举。自罢免马杜罗并由罗德里格斯接任以来,特朗普政府在监督委内瑞拉石油工业方面发挥了重要作用。

委内瑞拉宪法规定,该国的石油矿藏属于委内瑞拉国家,不得转移给另一个所有者——这对于任何让美国政府控制储备的协议来说,都是一个潜在的法律障碍。

韩国推动“全民AI”计划,提供免费访问权限

作者:JIYOUNG SOHN

首尔——韩国计划向其全体国民提供免费的生成式AI服务,这是首个将该技术视为类似公共事业的大规模国家主导项目。

该计划旨在让更多韩国人使用本土AI聊天机器人,目标是推进该国对AI主权的追求。通过向公民免费提供高级水平的AI服务,韩国官员希望避免过度依赖来自美国和中国的模型。

这些AI工具将直接与政府系统挂钩,允许韩国国民预约医生、获得租房帮助或获取税务建议。小企业将能够计算税款并检查其是否符合政府支持计划的资格,而家长将收到为其子女建议的教育内容。

周五,首尔方面表示,三个技术财团将为政府的“全民AI”(AI for All)计划提供公共服务。入选的团体包括该国最大的两家电信公司以及韩国所谓“全能应用”Kakao的运营商。

这项免费AI计划将于9月开始 Beta 测试,并于今年晚些时候全面推广。

韩国政府方面将向这三个技术财团分配最多 512 颗英伟达(Nvidia)的高端 B200 芯片,并帮助支付运营费用。韩国科学技术信息通信部未立即披露“全民AI”计划的具体成本。

韩国总统李在明(Lee Jae Myung)政府已为 2026, 年的 AI 相关支出拨出约 10 万亿韩元,或约 72 亿美元 十亿美元,比前一年增加了两倍。

NORTHWESTERN MEDICINE 西北医学中心布鲁姆心血管研究所(Northwestern Medicine Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute)采取协作且全面的方法,治疗最具挑战性和最复杂的心脏及血管病例。

应用专家护理治疗罕见心脏病

西北医学中心将领先的干预手段与专业技术相结合,治疗慢性血栓栓塞性肺高压

当 48 岁的萨布丽娜·巴索(Sabrina Basso)在 2023 年 6 月开始感到呼吸困难时,一次急诊就诊显示她患有急性肺栓塞(PE)。巴索接受了抗凝治疗,但六个月后,她仍然感到气短。

对于大多数接受肺栓塞治疗的患者,随着血栓溶解和血流恢复正常,症状会得到改善。但在约 5% 的病例中,症状在治疗后数月甚至数年依然存在。这可能是患有名为慢性血栓栓塞性肺高压(CTEPH)严重疾病的迹象,在这种疾病中,动脉上的瘢痕会阻塞流向肺部的血液。

在巴索的病例中,广泛的检测证实了这一点——她患有 CTEPH,需要专业治疗。她被转诊至位于芝加哥的西北医学中心布鲁姆心血管研究所(BCVI),该研究所是美国少数几个能同时提供两种领先 治疗方案的项目之一:肺血栓内膜切除术(PTE)开胸手术和球囊肺血管成形术(BPA),后者是一种微创手术。

BCVI 团队在 2010 年代中期建立了 项目以填补治疗空白,因为当时中西部地区很少有类似的项目。此后,这里成为了全国性的 护理中心。

在治疗像 这样高风险的疾病时,患者通常需要前往像 BCVI 这样的专业中心,以获得实现最佳治疗效果所需的专业技术。BCVI 不仅执行大量的 PTE 和 BPA 手术,还得到了一个多学科专家团队以及先进成像技术的支持,以确定哪种干预措施或干预组合是合适的。

“我们的医生致力于建立一个全面的 治疗项目,涵盖从诊断到介入心脏病学再到外科手术的所有治疗环节,”西北医学中心的介入心脏病专家丹尼尔·希梅尔(Daniel Schimmel)博士说道。

无与伦比的培训与专业知识

根据美国肺脏协会的数据,CTEPH 是一种罕见病——美国每年仅诊断出约 3,000 例。由于患病率较低,并非所有医生都知道如何识别该病症,或者根本不会去筛查。

“人们经常被误诊为哮喘或慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 等疾病,”西北医学中心 (Northwestern Medicine) CTEPH 项目的外科主任 Stephen F. Chiu 博士表示。

Chiu 博士专攻 PTE 手术,该手术被广泛认为是恢复血流的金标准。他在英格兰剑桥的皇家帕普沃斯医院 (Royal Papworth Hospital) 进行了为期一年的研究员培训,那里是英国唯一开展 PTE 手术的机构。

“皇家帕普沃斯医院每周进行三到四次 CTEPH 手术,而一名普通的心脏外科医生在整个职业生涯中可能一次病例都接触不到,”Chiu 博士说。“这让我能够在一年培训中获得相当于终身积累的经验。”

负责在 BCVI 执行 BPA 操作的 Schimmel 博士曾在日本的一家机构接受专业培训,该机构以现代化和完善 BPA 技术而著称,有助于降低该手术的死亡率。

Stephen F. Chiu 博士与 Sabrina Basso。 Basso 接受了 手术,随后在 BCVI 进行了四次 手术以治疗 CTEPH。

“我们不仅是在尝试用同样的方式做事,而且是在尝试为我们的患者做得更好。”

DANIEL SCHIMMEL 博士 介入心脏病专家, 西北医学中心

在 Sabrina Basso 的肺血栓内膜切除术中清除的血栓。治疗后,Basso 摆脱了 CTEPH 的限制,恢复了生活质量,现在正环游世界。

了解更多

关于 西北医学中心 针对 CTEPH 的 先进心脏护理。

全面的培训和丰富的经验对于执行这些复杂干预措施以确保持续获得积极结果至关重要,这进一步确立了 BCVI 在 CTEPH 护理领域的领导地位。其在 CTEPH 护理方面的规模和成果包括执行了 200 余例 和 500 余例 ,且 和 的 30 天死亡率均低于 2%。

以精湛技艺与细致关怀开展手术

在审查 Basso 的病例后,BCVI 团队最初执行了 手术以治疗阻塞。随后,她需要额外的 手术来治疗剩余的阻塞。在像她这样的病例中,可以先进行 手术以清除原发病灶,从而在 过程中更好地进入较小的血管。

手术的技术要求极高,需要深厚的技能、精准的时机把握和先进的临床资源。患者需连接体外循环机(心肺机),由该机器接管这些器官的功能,以免血流遮挡手术视野。“这是耐心、细致和效率的独特结合,”Chiu 博士说。

在 手术后,Basso 的肺功能有了显著改善。随后她进行了四次 手术(在手术中,导管被引导至肺动脉,并通过充气球囊击碎任何残留的阻塞),这使她的肺动脉压进一步降低。

“我的恢复情况非常好,”Basso 在谈到康复时说道。她现在每年与 BCVI 团队进行一次随访,通过超声心动图监测健康状况。

这样的结果使西北纪念医院 (Northwestern Memorial Hospital) 在全美心脏病学、心脏及血管外科的前 10 名项目中的排名稳固了十多年。

展望未来

如今,巴索(Basso)已恢复了积极的生活方式,并表示她感到自己比以往任何时候都更强壮。她还担任慢性血栓栓塞性肺高压(CTEPH)患者的倡导者,鼓励他们寻找像 BCVI 这样经验丰富的治疗项目。

“BCVI 将我的生活还给了我,”她说,“它恢复了我更轻松地呼吸、保持活力以及享受那些曾经看似遥不可及的体验的能力。”

对于 敬业的临床医生团队来说,像巴索这样的成功案例正是推动他们工作的动力——并促使他们不断突破心血管医学的界限,为患者提供最先进的治疗方案。

随着 成长为 CTEPH 护理领域的国家领导者,其推动该领域发展的工作的一部分,包括在全美范围内进一步努力,向临床医生普及该疾病及其治疗方案。对于转诊医生, 提供了管理最复杂病例所需的专业培训、多学科评估、广泛的手术方案以及治疗结果。

“我们试图的不只是沿用同样的方法,而是为我们的患者做得更好,”希梅尔(Schimmel)说道,“我们已经取得了极佳的成果,但在西北医学中心(Northwestern Medicine),我们始终处于学习和改进的状态。”

M Northwestern Medicine®

© 2026 Northwestern Medicine.

冰岛就欧盟成员国谈判进行投票

部分居民担心加入该组织会损害工业,而另一些人则寻求其保护

作者:KIM MACKRAEL

冰岛,雷克雅未克——多年来,冰岛人一直以怀疑的眼光看待欧盟,不愿将主权交给布鲁塞尔。如今,随着全球贸易准则的瓦解以及美国威胁要吞并邻近的格陵兰岛,对于这里的一些人来说,加入欧盟看起来像是一项明智的地缘政治保险政策。

本周六,这座位于北大西洋的火山岛居民将投票决定是否重启与该组织的成员国谈判,雷克雅未克在十多年前放弃了这一进程。

公众意见分歧严重。上周发布的两项民调显示,双方均以微弱优势领先,使得此次全民公投的结果难以预料。这一问题将那些担心欧盟成员身份可能对冰岛工业和珍贵的鱼类资源产生影响的人,与那些希望在特朗普总统时代让这座没有军队的北约创始成员国更好地免受地缘政治气候影响的人对立起来。

投票结果不仅将决定这座人口约 400,000 人的岛屿的未来轨迹,还可能在强权政治时代,向外界发出关于多边主义健康状况以及全球最大贸易组织之一之命运的信号。

“支撑我们数十年安全与繁荣的国际秩序正面临严重压力,”冰岛外交部长索格杜尔·卡特琳·古纳斯多蒂尔(Thorgerdur Katrin Gunnarsdóttir)表示,她是重启与欧盟谈判的长期支持者。“小国需要仔细思考自己的立场以及谁与他们站在一起。”

与他对格陵兰岛表现出的觊觎之情不同,

ODYSSEAS CHLORIDIS 为 WSJ 拍摄 (4)

特朗普并未威胁要接管冰岛。

这两个岛屿有一些共同点:都曾被丹麦统治,且都驻扎有美国军队。二战期间,美国在冰岛驻军超过 40,000 人,并在冰岛 1944 年宣布完全脱离丹麦独立后,率先承认了冰岛共和国。

如今,冰岛的安全依赖于其北约成员身份以及 1951 年签署的一项美国国防协议。在公投前一周,包括来自几个北约国家的扫雷舰在内的船只在冰岛海域聚集,参加由美国领导的联合演习。

在地缘政治方面,此次投票的竞选材料中并未占据主导地位,此次投票仅需简单多数通过。关注焦点一直集中在加入该组织带来的经济影响上,包括是否用波动较大的冰岛克朗兑换成欧元,以及与另外 27 个经济体更紧密的联盟会对冰岛的增长产生什么影响。

支持重启谈判的人表示,加入欧盟并采用欧元可以帮助冰岛控制通货膨胀并降低生活成本。根据欧盟的计算方法,冰岛 7 月的年度通胀率达到 $5.6\%$,远高于欧元区记录的 $2.9\%$。

鱼油生产商 Lysi 的首席执行官卡特琳·佩图斯多蒂尔(Katrín Pétursdóttir)担心,欧盟成员——

这座北大西洋火山岛上的居民在是否重启与欧盟的成员国谈判问题上存在分歧。

从左起:古德伦·盖尔斯多蒂尔(Guðrún Geirsdóttir)希望冰岛探索加入欧盟,Lysi 首席执行官卡特琳·佩图斯多蒂尔(Katrín Pétursdóttir)倾向于关注美国,Akraborg 首席执行官拉格纳尔·索尔·古纳尔松(Ragnar Thor Gunnarsson)则认为小国可以更加灵活。

身份会干扰冰岛精心管理的鱼类资源。“我们与美国的贸易往来比与欧盟更多,”佩图斯多蒂尔说。该公司约四分之一的产品出口到美国。“我更愿意看向那个方向。”

她和其他商业领袖表示,加入欧盟还可能使冰岛企业陷入官僚主义的泥潭。

“因为规模小,我们的行动可以非常迅速,”由 Lysi 拥有的鳕鱼肝油公司 Akraborg 的首席执行官拉格纳·索尔·古纳尔松(Ragnar Thor Gunnarsson)表示,“这也可以成为一种优势。”

冰岛上一次寻求加入欧盟是在 2008 年银行危机导致其经济陷入崩溃之后。由于在渔业规则上存在分歧,谈判陷入停滞,随后被放弃。自 1994 年以来,冰岛一直是欧洲经济区(EEA)的成员,在这种安排下,冰岛在保持在欧盟之外的同时,采用了许多欧盟规则。

渔业仍然是一个冲突点。欧盟的共同渔业政策设定了总捕捞限额,并在成员国之间进行分配。而冰岛的渔业希望在渔业管理上保持完全的国家控制权。

冰岛的政治领导人表示他们会保护渔业,但该行业的一些代表对其能否做到这一点表示怀疑。与此同时,欧盟官员表示,他们可以在欧盟规则方面保持灵活性。政府表示,如果达成协议,冰岛人将再次就是否推进加入欧盟进行投票。

冰岛大学高等教育教授古德伦·盖尔斯多蒂尔(Gudrún Geirsdóttir)表示,她理解渔业和农业部门的担忧,但认为冰岛将从探索加入欧盟中获益。

盖尔斯多蒂尔表示,特朗普对邻国格陵兰岛施加的压力在几年前是不可想象的。“我们需要与那些我们认为思维方式相似的盟友保持非常良好的国际关系。”

比弗罗斯特大学(Bifröst University)政治学教授、主张重启欧盟谈判的马格努斯·阿尔尼·斯基奥尔德·马格努松(Magnús Árni Skjöld Magnússon)表示,特朗普对格陵兰岛的威胁表明了欧盟成员身份对丹麦的重要性。“这意味着德国、法国和其他欧盟盟友会站出来为他们辩护,”他说。

一座雕像在俄罗斯罕见地展示了民主

作者:托马斯·格罗夫 (THOMAS GROVE) 以及 达里亚·马特维丘克 (DARIA MATVIICHUK)

莫斯科的俄罗斯人在周五短暂且罕见地体验到了直接民主。

提交给选民的问题并非关于战争与和平,也与该市政治领导人的命运无关。居民们被问及该市是否应该搬迁他们深爱的亚历山大·普希金雕像,普希金被许多人认为是该国最伟大的诗人。

这座高达 40 英尺的雕像并不会被搬到很远的地方。问题在于是将雕像移至街道对面——大约 100 码远——还是将其保留在原处,即普希金广场的入口处,那里距离克里姆林宫仅几步之遥。

克里姆林宫的批评者认为,这次投票提醒人们,在弗拉基米尔·普京总统这种“管理式民主”的模式下,有意义的辩论空间已变得多么狭小。

此次投票发生在议会选举前不到一个月,而即便按照俄罗斯的标准,这次选举也被严密地预设了剧本。本月,唯一一个以公开反战为纲领进行竞选的政党——苹果党(Yabloko),在引起关注并产生势头后被移出了候选名单。

在普京治下的俄罗斯,战争是任何真正的公众讨论的禁区。而可以公开辩论的,是一座雕像的位置。

“这在一定程度上是为了激发人们对选举的兴趣,因为在苹果党被剔除之后,选举已经变得完全毫无意义,”俄罗斯政治分析师、俄语媒体《新时代》(New Times)专栏作家安德烈·科列斯尼科夫(Andrei Kolesnikov)表示。

普希金被尊为该国文学巨匠之一。

VYACHESLAV PROKOFYEV / TASS / ZUMA PRESS

他的作品,如长篇叙事诗《叶甫盖尼·奥涅金》和剧作《鲍里斯·戈杜诺夫》的歌剧改编版,至今仍在全球上演。

他因其传奇的个人生活而备受推崇——而这段生活最终在一次与据称是他妻子的情人的决斗中结束。

乌克兰人对普希金的看法则截然不同。在那里,这位诗人的雕像已被拆除,因为它们被视为俄罗斯帝国主义的象征。

莫斯科的这座雕像于 1880 年在俄罗斯小说家费奥多尔·陀思妥耶夫斯基发表激情演说的地方建立,当时陀思妥耶夫斯基赞美普希金是俄罗斯理想的化身,是俄罗斯人民的统一象征。1950 年,苏联独裁者约瑟夫·斯大林将其移至目前的位置。

支持将雕像移回原处的人表示,这将纠正历史的错误。因支持战争而受到制裁的俄罗斯电影导演尼基塔·米哈尔科夫(Nikita Mikhalkov)率先发起了关于纪念碑位置的讨论,他表示将雕像移回原位将“给这位伟大天才的灵魂带来平静”。

选民们被要求决定诗人亚历山大·普希金的雕像是否应该搬迁 100 码。

莫斯科的一位爱国活动人士菲利普·格里尔(Filipp Grill)表示,他投票支持将雕像移回原位。

“这将是一种历史正义的行为,是对旧莫斯科面貌的恢复,”他说。

尼古拉·韦德尼科夫,34, 表示,在最终能够通过网络投票之前,他尝试注册了 18 次。他说,他花了一个小时才完成对该方案的反对投票。

“关于这座雕像,它以前在什么地方已经不再重要了。它现在就在它应该在的地方,搬迁它纯粹是浪费钱,”他说。

战争削弱军事准备状态

(接第一页)《华尔街日报》此前曾报道,如果近期发生入侵,。

根据五角大楼的长期程序,向中东转移包括弹药在内的军事部队和资产的每一次行动,都需要国防部长皮特·赫格塞斯(Pete Hegseth)的批准,他负责管理一份指导全球军事资产调动的“订单簿”。

白宫表示,美国拥有足够的导弹,可以在可预见的未来继续与伊朗作战,并应对其他全球威胁。

白宫发言人安娜·凯利(Anna Kelly)表示:“美国军队拥有充足的弹药、军火和储备,足以实现特朗普总统的所有战略目标及更高目标。即便如此,总统仍敦促我们的国防承包商不断生产更多美国制造的武器。”

美联社此前报道称,美国驻欧军队正面临“极度严重”的爱国者导弹拦截弹短缺。北约(NATO)军事总部的一位发言人表示,这个由 32 个成员国组成的联盟拥有充足的防空拦截弹供应,但他并未就美国 PAC-3 储备下降的问题做出回应,而 PAC-3 是爱国者拦截弹中最先进的型号。

马丁·奥唐奈(Martin O'Donnell)上校表示:“北约拥有足够的防空弹药,包括爱国者导弹,足以保卫我们自己。而且我们仍有足够的储备继续向乌克兰提供援助。”

伊朗战争对美国储备造成的压力巨大。官员们表示,截至 7 月中旬,美国在战争中已消耗了约 1,700 枚爱国者防空拦截弹和 200 多枚萨德(Thaad)反导拦截弹。官员们还表示,美国海军舰艇又发射了 150 枚标准导弹拦截弹,用于击落伊朗的导弹和无人机。

独立分析师根据预算估算,对其中部分系统的估算数字与此相似。

官员们表示,在整个战争期间,伊朗发射了 1,500 多枚弹道导弹和 6,000 架大型无人机。随着该政权继续攻击霍尔木兹海峡的船只,这一数字一直在攀升。

美国军方已采取措施以节省其拦截弹储备。它克制了对伊朗攻击的报复,针对

美国称拥有足够导弹对抗伊朗及应对其他威胁

美国官员在讨论以牙还牙的打击行动是否有效(此类行动消耗了大量弹药)之际,美国军方已克制地没有对伊朗在霍尔木兹海峡袭击船只的行为进行报复。共和党人特朗普在7月下旬关于弹药水平的争论中,也决定暂停对伊朗的打击。

一名官员表示,部分旧的“战斧”巡航导弹已经过翻新,以试图增加武器储备水平。

一些立法者表示,他们对俄罗斯混合攻击的持续报道感到特别担忧,包括在德国某机场发现的爆炸无人机,美国官员称这些无人机很可能与莫斯科有关。在近期情报评估认为俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京可能会在几年内测试联盟决心之后,特朗普最近派遣了他的情报主管前往莫斯科。

令欧洲更加焦虑的是,五角大楼正在对其在欧洲大陆的军事部署进行审查,这可能会导致美国在该地区进一步削减兵力。“关于我们在欧洲兵力部署审查的讨论,必须考虑到一个受创的普京可能会采取激进反击,”参议员罗杰·威克(Roger Wicker,共和党,密西西比州)表示。

特朗普政府拒绝讨论哪些武器已从欧洲和亚洲转移,以及这些地区还剩下多少武器。五角大楼发言人肖恩·帕内尔(Sean Parnell)否认美国在海外面临严重的弹药短缺。

“关于美国弹药短缺的说法是错误的。当虚假新闻媒体不负责任地放大这些谎言时,现实世界的后果很明显:我们的敌人将变得更加大胆,从而挑衅或攻击美国军队,”帕内尔说道。

武器库存的下降正值盟友在获取从美国购买的弹药时遭遇延迟。

官员们表示,有限的库存还严重限制了西方向乌克兰派遣拦截弹的能力。由于防空弹药短缺,俄罗斯最近的导弹袭击击中了人口中心并造成平民死亡。

官员们还表示,美国已将防空部队从欧洲和太平洋地区转移到中东以防御伊朗威胁,延长了其部署时间,并给军方应对未来潜在危机的能力带来了压力。官员称,在整个战争期间,美国防空部队已摧毁了数千枚伊朗发射的飞行物,以保护军事基地、能源基础设施和人口中心免受导弹和无人机的攻击。

在无法通过军事力量迫使伊朗做出让步的情况下,特朗普正回归到经济压力手段。财政部长斯科特·贝森特(Scott Bessent)表示,新的重点将避免在短期内再次与伊朗发生大规模战斗。

但阿拉伯官员和前美国官员表示,经济制裁可能会促使德黑兰对其脆弱的基础设施进行军事报复。这可能会使美国不断缩减的反导弹拦截弹库存面临考验。

“伊朗具有自主权,”曾在拜登政府担任五角大楼官员、现为大西洋理事会智库高级研究员的丹尼尔·夏皮罗(Daniel Shapiro)表示。“它肯定愿意承受巨大的痛苦,但它也拥有试图让我们和全球经济承受痛苦的工具。而这些工具很可能涉及美国几乎肯定必须做出回应的军事行动。”

1995 2000 '05 '10 '15 '20 '25

南方平均松木原木价格

即将到来的《GTA VI》“大停摆”

(接第一页)娱乐业最值钱的特许经营系列之一经历了长达 13 年的干涸期。《侠盗猎车手 V》(Grand Theft Auto V)在 2013 年发布仅三天后销售额就达到了 10 亿美元 billion,整个系列在全球范围内的销量已接近 4.75 亿 units。

最新一部作品的等待时间漫长,多次延迟使其发布日期推后了一年多,且多次发生泄密事件,Rockstar Games 在周三称这些泄密令人“心碎”。玩家们已将发布日期视为一个非官方的假期,并相应地计划使用他们的假期时间。

在社交媒体上,资深粉丝们正在分享使用带薪休假(PTO)的计划,以便全身心地投入到《侠盗猎车手 VI》(Grand Theft Auto VI)那个充满抢劫戏码、光鲜亮丽的新世界中。一群忠实玩家开玩笑地起草了一份因《GTA》而请假的标准协议。一些雇主同样在利用游戏休息时间作为激励员工的手段。

“它的发布日期被重新调整了太多次,以至于我觉得,既然 11 月 19, 肯定会发布,那我就从周四请假到下周四,”来自阿肯色州、现年 30 岁的医疗销售代表兼职业摔角手安娜·雷(Anna Ray)说道。

雷计划在那段时间内不打开笔记本电脑,不过她会抽出时间去健身房。她甚至提前准备好了晚餐——三分熟牛排和三文鱼,配以甜薯。

第一部《GTA》由 Rockstar Games 于 1997. 发布。玩家们被卷入一个充满街头犯罪、破坏财产、帮派结成和鲁莽驾驶的世界。其暴力场面曾引发关于过于写实的争议,但成功是立竿见影的。

该系列游戏以其道德复杂的角色和精细的世界观构建而闻名。《GTA VI》在 2023 和 2025, 发布的预告片展示了虚构的新州——莱奥尼达(Leonida),这里像是一个享乐主义的南佛罗里达:人们在行驶的汽车顶上跳 Twerk 舞,游艇派对层出不穷,鳄鱼在加油站里游荡。第二支预告片在发布首日就获得了近 5 亿次观看。

来自巴西圣保罗地区的 34 岁公务员吉列尔梅·斯特凡诺(Guilherme Stephano)将使用 10 天假期来深入探索这款新游戏的世界——与他 2018 年玩《荒野大镖客 2》(Red Dead Redemption 2)时使用的 20 天假期相比,这次的休息时间较为克制。

“我是个完美主义玩家(completionist),”斯特凡诺说。玩家们估计完成这款新游戏所需的时间从 100 个专注小时到两周多不等。

甚至美国陆军也加入了这场狂热。7 月 28, 一份备忘录发给了佐治亚州斯图尔特堡第 9 工程旅营的士兵,宣布任何在 8 月 1 至 11 月 14 之间重新签约入伍的士兵,将获得四天假期,以配合《GTA VI》的发布。

“目的:建立一项特殊的重新入伍激励计划,以促进留任,提高士气,并奖励第 9 工程旅营士兵的持续奉献,”该备忘录写道。本月该备忘录在社交媒体上发布后迅速走红。

该营的公共事务官安格尔·汤姆科(Angel Tomko)中校表示,这个想法来自一名新任职业顾问,他建议支持部队成员的具体兴趣爱好可以帮助该营达成重新入伍的目标。

汤姆科表示,在 130 名符合条件的士兵中,目前已有 44 人报名参加了该激励计划。

游戏将于东部时间 11 月 19. 午夜发布。三个孩子的父亲巴勒斯(Burruss)希望这款游戏引起的高度关注能对他的一项副业产生连锁反应:Gatabud,一个他记录游戏实况的 YouTube 频道。幸运的是,他的妻子在一年多前就知道了这个计划。

他的计划是在周三晚上 8 点左右,在把年幼的孩子们安顿好后入睡,然后在周四凌晨 1 点或 2 点左右起床——希望能最大限度地利用那一点点睡眠时间。随后,他将启动游戏机和摄像头,尽可能长时间地进行游戏。

“我会把‘洞穴’的门关上的,”伯鲁斯(Burruss)说道。

森林经济危在旦夕

(接第一页)

木片、锯末和其他副产品对于像霍华德(Howard)这样的锯木工的盈亏至关重要。在考虑通货膨胀之前,美国南部的价格处于近 40 年来的最低水平。在某些地区,基本上没有市场。一些种植者甚至不得不首次付费请人将纸浆木运走。

去年,国际纸业公司(International Paper)关闭了萨凡纳(Savannah)一家拥有 89 年历史的瓦楞纸板厂以及该市南部另一家工厂,霍华德家族因此失去了纸浆木以及锯木厂残余物的重要买家。

“我们从全国最好的纸浆木市场跌入了深渊,”霍华德说。“去年每吨 16 美元——这是早餐俱乐部里每个人讨论的数字。现在,价格在 0 到 5 美元之间。”

除了对他盈亏的担忧外,还有一个生存威胁:低廉的价格将使种植者失去重新种植松树的动力。

“如果他们不再种树,”霍华德说,“我就没有东西可以砍了。”

这可能会重塑南部的农村经济,更不用说其地貌了。

“密集种植”

该地区原始的长叶松林在 20 世纪 30 年代之前基本被砍伐殆尽。当时,一位在萨凡纳名为查尔斯·赫蒂(Charles Herty)的科学家发现,可以用在砍伐地生长的小叶松和斜叶松造纸。这一突破改变了南部。

造纸厂无法像霍华德的祖先使用牛拉的简易锯木厂那样追随退缩的森林,因此开始将木材推广为一种需要重新种植的作物,而非一种需要开采的矿产。随着象甲虫摧毁了“棉花王国”,造纸商们“密集种植,快速砍伐”的方法得以推广。

从弗吉尼亚州到佛罗里达州北部,再向西延伸至德克萨斯州,数千万英亩的荒地被种上了成排的松树,恢复了该地区的林冠,并创造了一种新的资产类别。自从伊莱·惠特尼(Eli Whitney)发明轧棉机以来,南部经济及其地形再未发生如此巨大的变化。

种植松树帮助家庭在无需进行更密集耕作的情况下保留土地,并推动林业及相关制造业成为美国南部农村的主导产业。联邦政府通过旨在减少侵蚀和通过转换疲惫农田来支撑作物价格的计划,向土地所有者提供年度补贴,以鼓励种植松树。

即便在纸业市场衰落了四分之一个世纪之后,林业及相关制造业仍是该地区最大的产业和雇主之一。据学者和林业顾问估计,南部拥有至少 10 英亩林地的所有者超过 600 万。在全美林业第一大州佐治亚州,88% 的林地由个人和企业拥有。

ANNA OTTUM 为 WSJ 拍摄 (3) 上图为比尔·霍华德(Bill Howard);下图显示,松树需要数十年才能长成足够大、可供像霍华德这样规模的锯木厂加工的原木。

来源:TimberMart-South(价格);Sakonnet Research(出货量)

但现在树木的生长速度快于木材的收获速度。

松树人工林在启动时每英亩种植数百棵幼苗。密集种植迫使树木笔直生长且分支较少,从而减少木材中的节疤。然而,在某个时间点,过度拥挤会抑制生长。承受压力的树木容易染病。

传统上,在经历了多年的支出后,间伐松树是种植者的第一笔大收入,这使得他们更容易等待 25 到 30 年,直到树木长成如 2x4 木方和电线杆等更具价值的产品。而现在,对于一些林地所有者来说,这仅仅成了另一项账单。

“生计之本”

乔·霍普金斯(Joe Hopkins)在佐治亚州东南部管理着由其家族及他人拥有的 75,000 英亩松林,他的纸浆材目前仍有市场。但由于周边地区工厂关闭导致纤维大量涌入,价格一直处于低位。

一些林地所有者担心,种植林木可能会让他们的继承人背负无法出售的树木,因此正在重新思考未来。

霍华德(Howard)正在减少每英亩种植的幼苗数量,以降低前期成本和间伐成本。其他人则将土地租赁给太阳能电站。全球最大的波罗松幼苗供应商之一 ArborGen 表示,在过去的两个财年里,其在南部的销售额下降了 $20% 以上。

在他曾祖父和祖父建立的林地经营项目中,他很难为股东实现 1% 的净回报。鉴于土地价值相对于木材收益的上涨,将地块出售用于建造周末度假屋和小牧场具有很大的诱惑力。

“林地所有者致富的那一天,就是他不再担任林地所有者的那一天,”霍普金斯说。“在那一天,我会给股票经纪人打电话说:‘嘿,6% 的回报我就满意了——这比我之前拿到的高出 600%。’”

在奥基弗诺基沼泽(Okefenokee Swamp)对面,Superior Pine Products 已将其 110,000 英亩土地上的部分木材替换为蓝莓,种植南方高丛品种,以便在佛罗里达州和北部各州作物之间的空档期进入超市。

首席执行官斯科特·格里芬(Scott Griffin)也在研究太阳能和碳市场。为了降低自然灾害风险,Superior 在其他州购买了林地,但市场力量难以被规避。在阿肯色州的一次间伐让他每吨损失了 $1.50。

“多元化也有限度,”他说。“100 年来,木材一直是我们的生计之本。”

目前人们正在寻找新的需求来源。南部最大的林地所有者韦尔豪泽(Weyerhaeuser)正投入数亿美元在阿肯色州和密西西比州建设设施,分别将过剩的纸浆材转化为工程木材和冶金煤的替代品。

游说者正在推动立法,以鼓励通过燃烧木颗粒来发电。基于纤维素的航空燃料、电池材料和织物也都在被大力推广。人们希望复苏的住房市场能带动对用于屋顶和地板的工程木面板的需求。

“这是一个处于危机中的行业,”弗兰克·皮普尔斯(Frank Peeples)说。

皮普尔斯的祖父在 20 世纪 50 年代进入南卡罗来纳州的木材行业,他记得那时纸浆材如此盈利,以至于等待木材成熟并不划算,于是幼树被全部砍伐。他现在经营着一个大宗运输码头,位于已关闭的萨凡纳(Savannah)工厂下游。

下个月,他将与木材业以及州政府和联邦政府的其他人员一起接待欧盟官员,希望说服该贸易集团取消对熏蒸剂氟化亚硫酸的禁令,从而使木片能够出口到欧盟。

“如果没有纸浆材市场,”皮普尔斯说,“美国南部林业的长期生存能力将面临真正的质疑。”

陷入困境

Union Bag & Paper(后更名为 Union Camp)于 1936 年在萨凡纳开设了造纸厂。该厂曾一度成为全球最大的造纸厂,在当地占据主导地位,鼎盛时期雇佣了 5,000 多人。萨凡纳如今是一个以垂挂苔藓的广场和战前建筑而闻名的旅游胜地,当时的居民对河流污染采取了容忍态度,并将造纸厂散发的腐臭味斥为“金钱的味道”。

这种好感延伸到了更深远的内陆地区,Union 公司在那里鼓励并指导松树种植者。

琳达·比姆(Lynda Beam)的父亲对萨凡纳西北部家族土地上的木材采取一种随意的管理方式。他在市里经营一家木材和铣削加工业务,乡村房产主要用于狩猎和聚会。“如果他收到一张巨额账单,他就会去砍一些树,”比姆说道。

她一直央求父亲将该物业用于木材生产,最终他同意了。在 Union 公司和乔治亚大学县推广办公室的建议下,她开始种植松树。

去年夏天,伐木工正在该物业的一块林地进行间伐,此时她和孙子威尔·惠特(Will Wheat)得知,国际纸业(International Paper)将关闭萨凡纳造纸厂,以及位于莱斯博罗(Riceboro)农村地区的较小型集装箱纸板厂。这些关闭导致美国失去了约 3% 的集装箱纸板产能——而这个家庭则失去了其纸浆木材的买家。

数字化时代摧毁了对新闻纸和办公用纸的需求,但电子商务曾预示着瓦楞纸箱的黄金时代。在国际纸业于 1999 年收购 Union 之前,萨凡纳工厂已经从生产纸袋转向生产集装箱纸板。

在疫情期间,美国的纸箱出货量在 2021 年飙升至历史最高点。然而,根据 Sakonnet Research 的数据,按人均计算,需求在 1999 年达到顶峰。

像亚马逊(Amazon)这样的发货商在尝试用尽可能小的纸箱发送物品,并消除“箱中箱”的包装方式方面取得了进展。塑料邮寄袋和纸信封抢占了市场份额。新的集装箱纸板厂处理的是回收纸箱,而非木浆。来自巴西、且未被纳入近期关税范围的更廉价、生长更快的桉树,已经取代了国内的纸浆。

高管们表示,萨凡纳这座老旧的工厂已无法与其他工厂竞争,且其生产的集装箱纸板正被运往利润较低的海外市场。这家总部位于孟菲斯的公司没有花费 3亿美元 用于更换屋顶及维持工厂运行所需的其他维修,而是投资 2.5亿美元 在阿拉巴马州塞尔玛(Selma)建立了一座更现代化的设施,以提高轻量级集装箱纸板的产量,这种产品深受希望降低燃料成本的发货商欢迎。

国际纸业已将面积约 735 英亩的萨凡纳河场址及其莱斯博罗物业挂牌出售。

在市场好转之前,比姆和惠特现在正通过耙集长叶松针并将其卖给园艺中心来维持生计。除了去年夏天中断的伐木工作外,2017 年和 2018 年种植的数百英亩快速生长的波多贝松(loblolly)也到了该间伐的时候。

“我们会继续耙松针并等待时机,”作为 Guerry Lumber 第五代经营者的惠特说道。他已经在农场种植了松树,留给年幼的女儿们在接手时收获。

说服他人采取同样做法,已成为皮尔斯木业(Pierce Timber)这项工作的重要组成部分,该公司是一家位于乔治亚州布莱克希尔(Blackshear)的伐木公司。“我们的客户来这里谈论的是下一代,”在皮尔斯公司继承父辈和祖辈事业的特雷·汤普森(Trey Thompson)说道,“除了律师起草遗嘱,我不知道还有什么其他业务是这样的。”

汤普森原本计划成为一名律师,但一个夏天在森林里的工作引导他加入了家族公司,并购买了自己的林地。

他最近种植了松树,这些树将与他 4 岁的儿子和 3 岁的女儿一起成长至成熟。“第三代绝不会是终点。”

国际纸业的萨凡纳工厂失去了竞争力。

俄克拉荷马州立大学大重建背后的 91 名球员大换血

牛仔队迎来了一位新教练,大部分是新球员,并且在去年 1-11 的赛季之后,面临着一个巨大的深坑需要爬出。该队的模范是现任大学橄榄球全国冠军印第安纳大学。

四分卫德鲁·梅斯特梅克(Drew Mestemaker,上图)和跑卫卡莱布·霍金斯(Caleb Hawkins,上图)跟随教练埃里克·莫里斯(Eric Morris)来到了俄克拉荷马州立大学。

作者:蕾切尔·巴赫曼(RACHEL BACHMAN)

全美每一位大学橄榄球教练在去年赛季都惊讶得目瞪口呆,看着印第安纳大学从极其无关紧要的状态转变为不可战胜的统治地位。一旦胡西尔人(Hoosiers)成为全国冠军,这些教练就开始思考如何为自己捕捉一些印第安纳式的魔力。

几乎没有人比俄克拉荷马州立大学更需要这种魔力了。

牛仔队去年 1-11,前年 3-9。事实上,自 2023 年以来,他们在 Big 12 联盟中一场比赛都没赢过。但在这个休赛期,俄克拉荷马州立大学采用了印第安纳的蓝图,开启了橄榄球界最雄心勃勃的重建计划之一。

在从北德克萨斯大学聘请教练埃里克·莫里斯之后,牛仔队向斯蒂尔沃特带来了惊人的 91 名新球员。这甚至超过了教练迪昂·桑德斯(Deion Sanders) 2023 年在科罗拉多大学名单上的 86 名新成员。但在“后胡西尔时代”,牛仔队相信,一位崭露头角的教练加上阵容大换血或许真的能奏效。

“这给了你希望,”莫里斯说。“唯一不同的是:Big Ten 联盟的运作预算与俄克拉荷马州立大学不同。”

莫里斯的话有道理。Big Ten 和东南部联盟(SEC)的球队在球员身上的花费通常比大学橄榄球中的任何人都多,一些顶尖阵容本赛季的成本超过 4000万美元。Big 12,与此同时,自 2005 年德克萨斯大学夺冠以来就再未赢得过全国冠军——而长角牛队(Longhorns)此后已转投 SEC。

一名学校官员表示,牛仔队的球员薪资大幅增加,本赛季将超过 2400万美元。

正是因为牛仔队在球员薪酬问题上的缓慢接纳,导致了前任教练迈克·冈迪(Mike Gundy)的失败。他主导了该项目有史以来最辉煌的时期,二十年间的胜率高达 65%。但当他、学校及其捐赠者对急剧上涨的人才价格感到犹豫时,他的进步触碰到了天花板。俄克拉荷马州立大学与其挥金如土的对手之间的差距,在牛仔队上赛季的第二场比赛中表现得最为明显——被俄勒冈大学以 69-3 痛击。

一场比赛之后,冈迪离职了。

40 岁的莫里斯看起来是一个逻辑合理的替代者。就像印第安纳大学的库尔特·西格内蒂(Curt Cignetti)一样,他在橄榄球的小型联盟中积累经验。莫里斯曾在德克萨斯理工大学担任外接手,随后在华盛顿州大学和圣安东尼奥的圣言大学(Incarnate Word)的教练层级中晋升。

今年,在 22 名新生和一名在 OSU 就读三年的试训球员之外,俄克拉荷马州立大学有 68 名球员通过转会加入。牛仔队从北德克萨斯大学获得了 21 名转会球员,例如外接手怀亚特·杨(Wyatt Young),以及创造了 NCAA 新生达阵纪录(29 次)的跑卫卡莱布·霍金斯。

但没有任何一次签约比德鲁·梅斯特梅克更重要。在北德克萨斯大学,莫里斯帮助这位在高中时期甚至没有首发机会的四分卫,在去年赛季成为了 NCAA 传球领先者,传球码数达 4,379 码。随后,莫里斯说服梅斯特梅克随他一起跳槽到斯蒂尔沃特。俄克拉荷马州立大学今年给这位四分卫提供了一份价值约 $3.500 万 的合同,这起到了推动作用。

面对如此之高的人员流动,牛仔队正押注于莫里斯的领导力,以在他 91 名新成员——或者他们自称的“不合群者”——之间建立某种凝聚力。

在会议中,莫里斯重新安排了北德克萨斯大学球员的座位,因为他们习惯聚在一起,这样他们就能结识其他转会球员和 OSU 的留守球员。他曾在自己宽敞的房产中招待球员们打皮克球并在泳池中游泳。这

尽管一名 300 磅重的球员撞破了他篮球场周围的球网,且跳水板在一次后空翻比赛的压力下塌陷,但这些活动一直很成功。

莫里斯和他的助手们投入时间教球员们玩多米诺骨牌和黑桃 A。

“这几乎成了一门失传的艺术,”莫里斯说。“孩子们不知道怎么玩这些老派的游戏,因为他们都在玩游戏机。”

然而,积极的氛围和后院的破冰活动对一个项目的提升作用有限。牛仔队将在最早的第二场比赛中发现他们的策略是否奏效。届时,他们将与排名第 2 的俄勒冈队进行一场重赛。

这位两届大满贯冠军可能决定 LIV 高尔夫的命运

作者:安德鲁·比顿(ANDREW BEATON)

在 LIV 高尔夫本赛季最后一项赛事结束后,当乔恩·拉姆(Jon Rahm)在思考自己的未来时,他的注意力转向了近期。他正期待着理一次发。

“我急需理发,”拉姆说道。

但每个人都知道,在接下来的几天里,拉姆必须回答一个对整个运动的未来具有深远影响的问题:这位西班牙超级巨星计划下赛季在哪里打球?

在 五年前成立并导致这项运动分裂之后,拉姆的决定对其摇摇欲坠的未来具有极大的影响力。这是因为在失去沙特资金支持后, 正竭力筹集资金,它迫切需要像拉姆这样的招牌球员留下来。

而且,与布赖森·德尚博(Bryson DeChambeau)等许多同行不同,拉姆与该联赛的合同期限超过今年,且仍有数千万美元的款项尚未收到。

在 提出的名为 2.0 的新模式下,球员将持有该联赛的多数股权——这与最初吸引他们离开 PGA 巡回赛的巨额保证资金截然不同。如果 (目前面临未付款供应商的起诉,并于本周解雇了大部分员工)在尝试重组的过程中申请破产,拉姆将成为最大的债权人之一,可能只能尝试回收合同约定款项中的极小一部分。

这可能会让拉姆寻找重返 PGA 巡回赛的途径——并且在此过程中,给 希望筹集足够资金以在 2027 年及以后生存的愿望带来沉重打击。

“我们的全部精力都集中在达成这次交易并完成它,” 首席执行官斯科特·奥尼尔(Scott O'Neil)上周表示,“如果没有球员,这将变得非常困难。”

拉姆最初决定签约 的举动震惊了整个运动界。他曾表示,即使是 4亿美元 的报价也无法诱使他加入这个新兴联赛,但在 2023 年底,在 PGA 巡回赛和沙特阿拉伯公共投资基金(PIF)宣布一项旨在将分裂的高尔夫世界重新缝合的框架协议后,他接受了一项交易。

“我面前有一个非常诱人的报价,”拉姆当时表示,“他们确实让我处于一个必须深思熟虑的境地。”

最终,PGA 巡回赛与 PIF 之间的协议从未实现,沙特方面也在今年撤出了 。对于拉姆来说,这产生了一个问题。 的另一位明星球员德尚博的签约仅到本赛季结束,而拉姆在今年早些时候表示,他的合同还剩好几年。这意味着他仍有一笔巨额款项尚未收到,而无论该联赛是否继续运营, 都已无法支付这笔费用。

乔恩·拉姆关于下赛季计划的决定对 摇摇欲坠的未来具有极大的影响力。

“ 高尔夫不对个人球员关系的细节发表评论或推测,包括潜在的未来关系,”一名联赛发言人表示。

一个可能预示拉姆将面临情况的迹象是,一家名为 Fresh Tape Media 的供应商最近起诉了 ,称该联赛欠其 $1.200 万。在诉讼中,Fresh Tape 表示, 以“目前的财务限制”为由,提出支付 $200,000 以结清未付发票,随后又将报价降低至 $150,000。奥尼尔表示, 正在“尽一切努力确保我们能妥善处理”。

拉姆的选择范围将从接受 的股权并希望其有一天能盈利,到在寻找退出路径的同时尽可能回收资金。对于 这个曾经因财大气粗的沙特支持者允许其挖掘像拉姆这样的球员而将高尔夫陷入混乱的新兴联赛来说,他的离开可能是毁灭性的。但重返高尔夫主流体制可能并非那么简单。

虽然 PGA Tour 在今年早些时候为部分球员的回归创造了例外,允许五次大满贯冠军布鲁克斯·库普卡(Brooks Koepka)从 LIV 回归,但 PGA Tour 首席执行官布莱恩·罗拉普(Brian Rolapp)本周表示,目前还没有重新启动该路径的计划。然而,罗拉普还表示,只要球员仍与 LIV 签署合同,巡回赛甚至无法考虑针对此类球员的计划。不久之后,这种情况可能不再适用于拉姆(Rahm)。

“球迷们很清楚他们想看到最顶尖的高尔夫球手每周进行竞争,”罗拉普说。“我们还没有做出任何决定。”

周末访谈:迈克·罗杰斯(Mike Rogers) / 作者:通库·瓦拉达拉詹(Tunku Varadarajan)

击败阿卜杜勒·埃尔-赛义德的计划

在迈克·罗杰斯看来,除非你来自他的家乡州,否则你可能不应该阅读这篇文章。他说:“华盛顿特区的人希望这是一场全国性的竞选。有时我们收到的关注比我们真正希望的要多。但我们是在为密歇根公民进行一场密歇根州的竞选。”63岁的罗杰斯先生是美国参议院的共和党提名人——他在2024年也曾获得提名,但当时以微弱差距落败。尽管唐纳德·特朗普在2016年和2024年都赢得了这个“狼之州”,但该州自1994年以来就没向参议院派遣过共和党人。

罗杰斯先生曾担任八届众议员,并在2014年没有寻求连任。他现在面对的是阿卜杜勒·埃尔-赛义德,一位好斗且富有魅力的极左翼民主党人。埃尔-赛义德先生得到了参议员伯尼·桑德斯和众议员亚历山德里娅·奥卡西奥-科尔特斯的积极支持,两人都曾在密歇根州为他助选。他还得到了哈桑·皮克尔的支持,后者是一位立场极端的反以色列左翼影响力人物,倾向于哈马斯,并曾表示“美国罪有应得 9 / 11”。

埃尔-赛义德先生在本月的一场激烈的初选中击败了海莉·史蒂文斯。史蒂文斯是一位老派的自由主义者和亲以色列政治家,这类人物在如今的民主党中越来越不受欢迎。最早向埃尔-赛义德先生表示祝贺的人之一是纽约市长佐兰·马姆达尼,他表示:“我很自豪能成为这个政治家和候选人运动的一员,我们致力于将美国工人阶级重新置于政治的核心。”

the Mamdani mayoral campaign, for his digital and social-media strategy. 罗杰斯先生说:“阿卜杜勒现在是美国民主社会主义运动的新面孔。他将成为当选的资历最深的民主社会主义者。”

罗杰斯先生表示,极左翼对此感到“兴奋且投入巨大”,因为埃尔-赛义德先生及其同道“从根本上想要改变政府,以及改变政府与人们的关系”。罗杰斯先生指称他的对手正处于“奥巴马计划之中:在参议院任职两年,然后他将在2028年竞选总统”。(奥巴马先生在当选参议员四年后赢得了总统大选。)“他还拥有 AbdulFor-President 这个域名,所以你可以看出他的想法。”(埃尔-赛义德先生在2017年注册了该域名。他表示这样做是为了采取预防措施,防止域名被滥用。)

这种全国性的关注完全是恰当的。激进左翼,尤其是美国民主社会主义者(DSA),将密歇根州视为桥头堡。在共和党提名大会当天早晨,罗杰斯先生在由萨吉诺奇佩瓦印第安部落拥有的 Soaring Eagle 赌场度假村接受采访时表示:“如果你思考国家面临的风险动态,这次选举至关重要。全美各地的 DSA 成员都飞到了密歇根州。他们认为这里将是他们运动插旗的地方,从而将其传播到全国其他地区。”

罗杰斯先生深知这场参议院竞选并非仅仅是地方性的关注。在表达完上述观点几秒钟后,他就收回了希望密歇根州少受全国关注的愿望,并称这次竞选是“我们一生中最具影响力的选举之一”。

密歇根州共和党参议院提名人指责其社会主义对手为反犹主义者,并讨论其扩大党派吸引力的努力。

埃尔-赛义德先生并非民主社会主义者协会(DSA)的成员,但罗杰斯先生表示,该组织的成员“相信他们将通过一个他们认为会成为民主社会主义思想、政策和原则捍卫者的人,赢得一个全州范围的席位”。埃尔-赛义德先生使用了 Fight Agency 这家咨询公司,该公司策划了

埃尔-赛义德先生曾称罗杰斯先生为“懦夫”。在我们的采访之后的会议上,罗杰斯先生称这位民主党人为“骗子阿卜杜勒”。

“我一眼就能认出骗子,”曾在 1989 年至 1994 年期间担任联邦调查局(FBI)特工的罗杰斯先生说道。这位共和党人列出了一系列他认为“骗子阿卜杜勒想要废除”的事项:移民与海关执法局、选民身份验证、汽油车、私人医疗保险、警察资金、监狱以及第二修正案。“我们讨论的是在底特律建房。而他讨论的是建立一场运动。他想成为一个拥有全国性主张的全国性人物。”

罗杰斯先生表示,他的对手“咄咄逼人且愤怒,内心和精神都充满了刻薄”,并且是“一名反犹主义者,这大概是对他对待犹太人态度最委婉的说法了”。罗杰斯先生指出了派克先生的存在,以及埃尔-赛义德先生在初选活动中对史蒂文斯女士执迷于攻击其获得美国以色列公共事务委员会(AIPAC)支持的行为。

“阿卜杜勒把自己和派克绑在了一起。据我上次观察,他可能是他的竞选搭档。他在最后一个周末把他请回来作为收官之作。他让他作为赢得初选的收官之作。”罗杰斯先生说出了一句他在竞选演讲中经常使用的话:“阿卜杜勒想要代表巴勒斯坦。而我们想要代表密歇根。”

他还重复了他在社交媒体上关于埃尔-赛义德先生的一句话:“阿卜杜勒过于极端,根本不配进入参议院。”他补充道:“我始终认为,你应该送一个能够获得安全审查许可的人回参议院。”他批评埃尔-赛义德先生使用“暴力语言”,称“他说过一些相当卑劣的话,顺便说一句,他告诉我及其家人在这个州将没有安全的避身之所”。而埃尔-赛义德先生在赢得初选当天实际说的话则较为温和:“你们将无法在那些要求你们为所作所为负责的人面前获得安全的避身之所。”

2024 年,罗杰斯先生以 19,000 票之差输给了民主党人埃莉莎·斯洛特金,差距约为总票数的 0.3%。这次竞选有何不同?“首先,没有初选。”2024 年,罗杰斯先生必须击败两名初选对手。“我们最终获得了 64% 的选票,所以我们取得了非常明确的胜利。但你必须进行初选,而你从中走出来时会感到有些受伤,有些疲惫,而且资金有些短缺。”斯洛特金女士的支出是他的 5 比 1。

另一个因素——这可能是决定胜负的关键——是民主党选民可能会拒绝他那位激进且制造分裂的对手。罗杰斯先生的竞选团队发起了一场“支持罗杰斯的民主党人”运动。“它有机增长的速度比我们预想的要快,”他说。“我们甚至印制了‘支持罗杰斯的民主党人’的标牌,天哪,它们简直是被抢购一空,不是吗?”

犹太民主党人对埃尔-赛义德先生对以色列的敌意、他对 AIPAC 不停的妖魔化以及他与派克先生的关系感到不安,因此容易接受罗杰斯先生的诉求。他还急于指出,将密歇根州庞大的阿拉伯选民视为埃尔-赛义德先生的稳固票仓将是一个错误。罗杰斯先生一直在争取黎巴嫩基督徒和伊拉克迦底亚天主教选民,甚至包括逊尼派和什叶派穆斯林:“我在穆斯林社区有朋友,他们渴望成为一种制衡力量。”他说阿拉伯商人被埃尔-赛义德先生的“反资本主义言论以及他想对商业采取的行动”吓到了。“穆斯林社区的人非常有创业精神。他们认为那对他们的未来没有好处。”

尽管罗杰斯先生将自己塑造为一名亲市场的保守派,但他呼吁密歇根州暂停建设数据中心一年。他坚称这并非民粹主义之举。“忧心忡忡的公民们感到不安。我们应该尝试帮助他们,而不是把他们吓得魂飞魄散。”数据中心对“社区有巨大影响。我不认为应该强行推进。我不支持在联邦层面实施禁令,但在本州,我们应该暂停一年,以回答人们提出的问题。”

他说,他的对手想要将人工智能“国有化”。“这就是为什么他与本州如此脱节。”埃尔-赛义德先生曾呼吁对人工智能实施“公共所有制”和“公共控制”。

对于一名在特朗普先生影响下参选的密歇根州共和党人来说,另一个尴尬的领域是:总统对加拿大商品征收的新关税,埃尔-赛义德先生谴责此举降低了密歇根州居民的生活水平。这位民主党人表示:“如果有人想与加拿大发动贸易战,那他一定是个混蛋。”

罗杰斯先生曾是特朗普的批评者,但现在获得了总统的背书,他对关税持谨慎态度,仅限于评论加拿大进口中国制造汽车对密歇根州的影响。“让我们利用这个机会,反击加拿大在中国汽车生产方面存在的问题。”他说,关税提供了“绝佳的机会,促使加拿大在允许这些100%中国制造的汽车进入北方市场的问题上,转向一个更好的方向。”他表示,由“中国共产党补贴”的中国汽车是“美国汽车工业面临的最大生存威胁”。

在黑人选民中,他的对手表现明显优于他。

罗杰斯先生的团队已经计算好了选举数学。“我在 2024, 参选时,获得的共和党选票比我们历史上任何一位全州候选人都多出 300,000 票,”他说。“这意味着我们拥有一批已经为迈克·罗杰斯投过一次票的优质人群。”他在 2024. 获得了近 270 万 票。他说,如果在投票率较低的中期选举中他能获得 220 万 票,“我们就能赢得这场竞选。我们必须重新争取那些在 ’24, 为我们投票的人,并经营我们新的民主党联盟,这是切实可行的事情。”他引用了民调专家马克·彭(Mark Penn)的计算,后者表示,如果罗杰斯先生能吸引史蒂文斯女士初选选民中的 5% ,“就足以让我们获胜。而且我们认为我们会做得更好。”

罗杰斯先生还认为他可以在黑人选票中取得突破。史蒂文斯女士在民主党初选中赢得了大部分城市黑人选票。她在韦恩县和吉尼色县(分别包括底特律和弗林特)横扫选票,在底特律获得了超过 60% 的选票。罗杰斯先生认为其中一些选民已经成熟,准备转向:“密歇根州的非裔美国人社区感到被民主党在一定程度上抛弃了。”在初选中,埃尔-赛义德先生在大学城大获全胜,但他的对手

罗杰斯先生和他的妻子克里斯蒂最近会见了底特律市议员玛丽·沃特斯,她是 2025. 11月所有议员候选人中得票最高的人。在与罗杰斯先生会面后,这位黑人女性沃特斯女士在接受《密歇根纪事报》采访时表示:“底特律不是一座民主社会党(DSA)的城市。我敢打赌我见了罗杰斯。”

罗杰斯先生在描述这次会面时说:“我们讨论了对这座城市至关重要的事情。随后她在电视上说,‘我喜欢他的计划,以及他打算为住房和教育所做的事情。我认为每个底特律人都应该听听这些。’她没有公开背书我,但这已经是一个非常有力的声明。因为我是在以解决本州问题的议题参选。”

他引用了密歇根州糟糕的学校状况:“我们的教育现在在全国排名第45位。三分之二的四年级学生不识字。如果你在四年级之前还不能阅读,那么你大约有 70% 的概率会依赖社会救济或入狱。”关于住房,他说:“在这里你买不起房。首次购房者的平均年龄是 40 岁。”此外还有:“我们有 200,000 个制造业岗位。我们的公用事业费率在中西部最高。我们的汽车保险费率在全国最高。”他说,他对这些问题的关注,比埃尔-赛义德先生的“社会主义和分裂主义”更能引起密歇根州黑人选民和蓝领选民的共鸣。

罗杰斯先生在密歇根州引起了关注,因为他采取了新颖的方式接触底特律的民主党选民,很少有竞选州级公职的共和党候选人愿意费心这样做。他说,他的竞选团队已经“走访”——敲开了——“150 万 扇大门”。“这比 2024 年多了一倍。”在底特律及其周边地区,“非裔美国选民表现得格外欢迎。”

在他收到的反馈中,有些评论认为“民主党太长时间以来一直将他们的支持视为理所当然,而他们觉得我比我的对手更能代表他们的价值观”。他说,其他黑人选民对他表示支持,是因为他强调解决密歇根州的住房危机——特别是通过在底特律的空地上建房——以及改善学校,因为学校已成为“通往贫困的管道”。

他认为其他共和党人应该在争取黑人选民方面效仿他的做法。“我相信,我们面向自由市场的解决方案比大政府社会主义者的方案更好。绝对如此。而且我认为我们不应该逃避这一点。”

“我们前往底特律市,谈论我们想要做的事情。我们发现人们比你想象的更愿意接受。”他承认,两党中总会有一些“根深蒂固的政治人物”绝不妥协。“但我们发现的是,人们感到被抛弃了。这在美国是不可持续的。”

瓦拉达拉詹先生是《华尔街日报》的撰稿人,同时是美国企业研究所(American Enterprise Institute)以及纽约大学法学院古典自由主义研究所(Classical Liberal Institute)的研究员。

一个非营利组织是如何成为美国的保险监管机构的?

新墨西哥州保险监督官爱丽丝·凯恩(Alice Kane)最近告诉州立法者,保险公司在2025年拒绝续保了超过6,200份房屋所有者保单,这是有记录以来的最高数字。人们的本能反应是将此归咎于贪婪的保险公司以及

CROSS COUNTRY 作者:帕特里克·M·布伦纳(Patrick M. Brenner)

那些身在康涅狄格州哈特福德、在地图上都找不到相关县名的精算师们,他们在那儿为山火风险定价。

这场不续保危机让新墨西哥州人多年来第一次仔细审视他们的保险市场。结果发现,这个市场很奇怪。管理该市场的许多规则并非在圣塔菲制定,也不是在哈特福德制定,更不是由任何对选民负责的人制定的。它们是由密苏里州堪萨斯城的一家私人非营利组织制定的。

2025年,美国人在财产和意外险、产权险、人寿险、意外险和健康险方面支付了超过$3 trillion的保费。在大多数情况下,保险公司不需要向联邦监管机构负责,因为国会基本上将保险事务交给各州处理。各州建立了一种类似于结算中心的机制,用于确定标准公式,例如保险公司针对账面每项资产必须持有多少资本。所有50个州都参与了同一套安排。

欢迎来到全美保险专员协会(NAIC)。该组织的第一条规则就是:不要谈论这个组织。美国政府问责局(GAO)在6月份报告称,负责认证州保险监管机构的NAIC委员会并不公开其认证结果,且关于该主题的讨论仅限于监管机构内部。认证决定了其他州是否会接受某个州的偿付能力检查,并在实践中给立法机构施加了巨大的压力,迫使其颁布特定的模范法。这些审议发生在州居民无法进入的房间里,产生的记录也是他们无法阅读的。

新墨西哥州的保险法规定了保险控股公司如何在该州注册。它要求每家受监管的保险公司提交一份“由全美保险专员协会规定格式和形式的注册声明”。直到2014年,该法规要求使用由“监督官”提供的表格,而监督官是对新墨西哥州州长负责的。立法者删除了这些词汇,并将其替换为该私人协会。

根据《新墨西哥州行政法典》,新墨西哥州的保单形式备案必须使用与“适当的当前”NAIC统一文件相匹配的传输文件。该规则并未引导州监管机构参考某个固定版本的表格,而是引导他们访问NAIC的动态网站。支持再保险信托的保险公司必须报告NAIC年度报表表格所要求的任何内容。

律师将此称为“动态引用合并”(dynamic incorporation by reference)。当一项法规采用外部机构的指南且以该指南当前状态为准时,随后的修订可以在无需投票、听证会、委员会替代方案或

各州已将其大部分权力移交给一个几乎没有任何透明度的私人组织。

州长的签名。美国政府问责局(GAO)的报告描述了这一机制但未指名道姓:认证要求各州制定 NAIC 示范法,而这些示范法反过来又要求监管机构遵循 NAIC 标准。

这种安排实际上意味着一个非选举产生的机构掌控着各州。明尼苏达大学法学院的丹尼尔·施瓦茨(Daniel Schwarcz)在 2018 年发表于《康涅狄格州保险法杂志》的一篇论文中认为,这种安排违反了每个州宪法中的非委任原则。他随后在《国会山报》中与自由市场研究机构 R Street Institute 的 R.J. 莱曼(R.J. Lehmann)再次提出了这一论点。

八年后的 GAO 报告没有提出任何建议,也未发现任何违规行为。报告结论认为, 公开文件中的治理和财务信息通常与美国国税局(IRS)Form 990 收集的信息相当。 公布了其章程和经审计的财务报表。州监管机构告诉 GAO,认证通过允许他们相互依赖对方的检查,从而节省了资金。

虽然 GAO 报告没有发现违规行为,但其记录的事实令人不安。自 1955, 年起, 就被豁免提交 Form 990,理由是该组织被认定为“各州全资拥有的工具机构”。2024 年,它报告的收入为 $161.400 万,其中约 94% 来自于其制定标准的那个行业。其 2026 年的申报费上限为单家公司 $108,817,集团公司为 $544,085。 不披露其向高管支付的薪酬。其公布的利益冲突政策涵盖了成员专员,但就 GAO 所能确定的情况来看,并不涵盖其首席执行官。员工手册中包含一项利益冲突政策,但该手册不对公众开放。

被指定为 501(c)(3) 慈善组织。如果 享受免税地位的益处,那么它应该像其他非营利组织一样被要求提交 a 990。GAO 指出,州银行监管者会议(Conference of State Bank Supervisors)和北美证券管理人协会(North American Securities Administrators Association)都被要求提交 Form 990. 两个机构与 一同在金融稳定监督委员会中任职。

虽然华盛顿可以补救这种情况——例如剥夺 的免税地位——但等待国会采取行动就像等待中彩票一样。与此同时,各州可以推动问责制。自 1998, 年以来,密歇根州一直要求 向该州保险监管机构和两个立法保险委员会提交年度报告。该报告必须包括 向其官员支付的薪酬、州政府为维持认证必须采用的每一项标准,以及其审议过程是否向公众开放。

五十个州将他们的规则制定权委任给了一个他们理应拥有的组织。但在某个过程中,他们拥有的组织开始拥有他们。有一个州想到要求更多。新墨西哥州的立法者已经在询问为什么 6,200 名房主失去了保险覆盖。像密歇根州一样,他们应该要求管理该市场的规则制定者承担更多责任。哪个州将成为第二个这样做的地方?

布伦纳(Mr. Brenner)是西南公共政策研究所(Southwest Public Policy Institute)的主席。

评论与展望

杰克逊霍尔的鹰派

现在,华尔街和金融媒体中的那些批评者们会相信凯文·沃什(Kevin Warsh)吗?这位美联储的新任主席在周五发表了迄今为止最坚定的声明,表达了他遏制通胀的决心,并就他认为美联储应如何实现这一目标给出了最清晰的解释。

沃什先生的一个异数

关于遏制通胀,凯文·沃什还能表达得比这更清晰吗?

沃什先生就任前100天(他将在周六跨过这一里程碑)的一个异数在于,金融界执意要质疑这位自保罗·沃尔克以来美国最鹰派的央行行长的抗通胀“可信度”。

如果说这些抱怨中存在某种连贯的逻辑,那就是他在前两次联邦公开市场委员会(FOMC)会议上都没有提高利率。他也没有利用“前瞻性指引”来通过口头干预影响市场。哦,而且他还与特朗普总统聊天。因此,沃什先生一定是在向特朗普先生对低利率的偏好低头。

沃什先生周五在怀俄明州杰克逊霍尔举行的堪萨斯城美联储年度会议上的演讲,应该能平息这一切。他的核心观点是,美联储尚未完成抗击通胀的任务,且在传统的物价上涨衡量指标放缓至2%之前,都不会停止。他显著地淡化了近几个月去通胀的迹象,并指出有证据表明过多商品的价格仍在过快上涨。

沃什先生断言他将“很难将广泛的金融状况描述为紧缩”,这与他的前任杰罗姆·鲍威尔形成了鲜明对比,后者认为美联储已经足够紧缩,迟早能遏制通胀。虽然这些都不是具体的前瞻性指引,但这是市场一段时间以来从央行听到的关于通胀最坚定的信号。

沃什先生对经济的评估体现了一种对于美联储来说不同寻常且令人欢迎的谦逊。以他对人工智能的看法为例。他此前暗示,AI对生产力的提升可能会允许实施更宽松的货币政策。但在周五的演讲之后,很明显他的观点更加细致。AI对经济和货币政策的影响将取决于一系列未知因素,包括哪些类型的公司被证明最有利可图、AI如何影响就业以及其他因素。

我们尤其欣赏他的一个观点:不久前,杰克逊霍尔的经济讨论全部围绕着“长期停滞”和“全球储蓄过剩”。他说,现在“时代确实变了”,而一个警觉的美联储必须随之改变。

他的演讲还应该平息另一个谣言。在沃什先生为推进美联储改革而创建的任务小组中,关于数据来源和通胀动态的小组引发了一种观点,认为他正在寻找理由变得更加鸽派。华尔街对美联储可能会采用一种比央行追踪的个人消费支出(PCE)指数更宽松的通胀衡量标准的想法感到焦虑不安。

相反,沃什先生在周五拒绝了美联储当前经济模型中的一个假设,即通胀在长期内会自然回归到$2\%$的水平。这使得美联储必须为其通胀目标的每一个十分之一个百分点负责。他对实时数据的强调,似乎旨在避免那种回顾性的虚假曙光——正是这种曙光导致鲍威尔领导下的美联储在2024年和2025年分两轮过早地削减利率。

虽然惯常的凯恩斯主义怀疑者会声称这很过时,但沃什先生断言“货币与货币政策有关”,这是让美联储承担责任的另一种方式。他承认金融技术改变了货币供应量和货币流通速度的定义。但沃什先生似乎在表示,美联储不应对那些预示政策过松的早期警告(如资产价格飙升)视而不见。如果他的前任们也能这样想就好了。

在他上任最初几个月里,关于“凯文·沃什是否过于鸽派”的争论中有一个令人恼火的特点,那就是这种争论完全忽略了他担任主席的重点。美联储早已到了需要重新审视其经济模型、运作方式,以及在物价稳定和充分就业这一双重使命上的整体方法的时刻。

正如他在周五明确表示的那样,沃什先生正在推进一项激进的改革议程。华尔街应当明智地将注意力集中在这一点上。

特朗普在德克萨斯州的关税赌注

11月的期中选举在一定程度上将是对特朗普总统边境税的一次全民公投,而大多数民调

一项新民调发现,边境税在“孤星之州”并不受欢迎。

显示这些税收正失去支持。由 Overton Insights 和德克萨斯公共政策基金会(Texas Public Policy Foundation)开展的一项新民调发现,关税在德克萨斯州(孤星之州)并不受欢迎,尤其是在西班牙裔群体中。在休斯顿,共和党人面临着关税问题。

这项调查已独家分享给我们,并将于下周三公布。结果显示,德克萨斯州居民整体上反对他的关税,54% 对 46%。在没有参加党内初选的德州人(通常是独立人士和党派色彩较淡的人群)中,反对率为 68% 对 32%。西班牙裔则给予了否决,69% 对 31%。

后者尤其值得关注,因为特朗普先生在 2024 年赢得了该州 55% 的西班牙裔选票,这无疑部分归功于人们对民主党处理通胀方式的不满。但西班牙裔也强烈反对总统针对墨西哥和加拿大等贸易伙伴采取的粗放式边境税,因为这增加了消费者和企业的成本。

由于跨境贸易以及与墨西哥高度整合的供应链,德克萨斯州经济极易受到关税影响。德克萨斯州与墨西哥的货物贸易额为 $303 亿,且在 2025 年整体出口了 $299 亿的制成品。后者包括电子产品和计算机($71 亿)、化学品($55 亿)以及运输设备($29 亿)。

由于德克萨斯州是美国最大的货物出口州,它承受了更严重的报复性关税打击,例如加拿大计划针对特朗普先生升级关税而对美国征收的关税。如果他还没有注意到,在包括德克萨斯州在内的全国各地势均力敌的选战中,关税已成为共和党人的沉重负担。

共和党人希望在重新绘制州地图后,在西班牙裔人口众多的南德克萨斯州赢得几个众议院席位,但这些选区今年正向民主党倾斜。最新的民调显示,在德州参议院的竞争中,民主党人詹姆斯·塔拉里科(James Talarico)领先于共和党总检察长肯·帕克斯顿(Ken Paxton)。特朗普先生每威胁一次增加关税,就在为民主党领袖查克·舒默(Chuck Schumer)创造机会。

打破美国律师协会的认证垄断

特朗普政府希望扭转全国大学向左转的趋势,这包括解决长期存在的认证问题。美国律师协会(ABA)审查约 200 所法学院,在许多州,毕业生必须获得其认可才能参加律师资格考试。

律师协会对法学院的权力面临特朗普政府的挑战

现在,特朗普政府正威胁要取消美国律师协会(ABA)的特权。

教育部上周发布了一份长达 86 页的工作人员报告,建议不再维持 ABA 的认证权限。其中提到的一个原因是, 未能对最高法院 2023 年在“学生公平录取组织诉哈佛大学案”(Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard)中的裁决做出充分回应,该裁决明确指出种族偏好是非法的。

此前曾要求各学校在学生群体和教职员工队伍中展现出在多样性和包容性方面的“具体”努力。根据教育部的报告,尽管 在 2022 年就预见到大法官们可能会改变法律定性,但它在最终暂停该标准之前,“在 2024-2025 年的评审周期中继续提供培训并根据旧标准评估法学院”。

这听起来很抽象,但请回顾本月司法部指控杜克大学法学院在 2023-25. 年的新生录取中存在非法的种族歧视。杜克大学表示正在审查这些指控,并致力于遵守法律。根据司法部的说法,被拒绝录取的白人和亚裔申请者的 LSAT 中位数分数高于被录取的黑人学生。

随着特朗普政府深入挖掘更多录取数据以根除通过代理手段实现的种族偏好,一些学校是否会以必须满足认证机构的要求为由进行辩护?如果 对“学生公平录取组织案”的迟缓反应为进一步的非法种族歧视提供了掩护,那么这就是一个问题。

教育部还指出,该认证机构并未像法规要求的那样与 保持足够的独立和分离。这是一个问题,因为律师协会是执业律师的专业行会,其利益与法学院学生或公众的利益并不完全一致。尽管如此, 一直享有认证垄断权,而各州政策进一步巩固了这一地位,不过其中一些政策目前正在被重新考虑或废除。

德克萨斯州、佛罗里达州、华盛顿州和阿拉巴马州最近都采取行动,旨在削弱 在法律执业许可中的把关功能。田纳西州也在考虑采取类似步骤,并得到了联邦贸易委员会和司法部官员的支持。他们在最近的一封信中写道, 的认证机构“由法学院教师和管理人员主导,这些人有强烈的动机去阻挠成本更低的法律教育替代方案”。

更广泛的选择还可能让法学院学生跳过充斥在许多校园中的进步主义教条。这种压力似乎正在起作用:在教育部报告发布的同一天, 的认证部门投票决定于 9 月会面,考虑撤销多样性和公平性的强制要求。但这太少且太晚了。特朗普政府可能不会满足于折中方案。

读者来信

一个共和国衰落与崩溃的前奏

佩吉·努南(Peggy Noonan)出色的专栏文章《自我交易的艺术》(发表于 8 月 22 日的“宣言”版)在某种程度上呼应了威廉·本内特(William Bennett)1998 年出版的《愤怒之死》(The Death of Outrage)。那时与现在一样,选民在很大程度上接受了当选官员缺乏诚信的现状,感到无法要求改变,并继续资助那些在人格上——且通常在智力上——显然不适合担任即使是最卑微的公职的政党和候选人。

要改革当选官员的行为,首先需要改革提名其候选资格的政治机制。在无法修订整个选举制度的情况下,一个合理的起点可能是思考罗纳德·里根(Ronald Reagan)的智慧:孩子不能仅靠说教来管教,而要通过削减其零用钱,直到他符合预期要求——随后这一观点被更强有力地表达为:“饿死这头野兽!”(Starve the beast!)

这是一个媒体应该传递、但可能不会传递的信息。

forces tens of thousands of laws and 190,000 页的法规,这创造了一个不可抗拒的影响力买卖市场。这种高度集中的权力自然会吸引那些试图用政府恩惠来换取个人和家族财富的在职官员。

归根结底,选民是纵容者。自我交易之所以持续存在,是因为我们不断选举那些扩大华盛顿权力与开支的政治家。

艾伦·D·刘易斯(ALAN D. LEWIS) 佛罗里达州,朱庇特

抱怨政治上的自我交易是合理的,但指责单个政治家则忽略了根本原因。请记住:国会在 2019 年弹劾唐纳德·特朗普,理由是他涉嫌向乌克兰施压,要求其调查拜登家族的自我交易。这种讽刺极其深刻,而更广泛的模式亦然。

里奇·贝蒂(RICH BATEY) 加利福尼亚州,阿里索维耶霍

自我交易之所以盛行,是因为国会构建了一个涉及巨额资金和权力的系统。当联邦政府每年在每位美国人身上花费超过 $20,000 时,en-

努南女士是对的,政府腐败最深层的危险不在于糟糕的政策或浪费的资金,而在于腐败最终对民众造成的影响。当公民反复目睹权势官员违规、逃避后果、中饱私囊,或将党派忠诚置于原则之上时,违规行为就变得常态化。愤世嫉俗取代了信任,最终公众开始认为,诚信本身就是天真。

正如爱德华·吉本(Edward Gibbon)在《罗马帝国衰亡史》中所观察到的:“罗马风气的腐败总能提供渴望拍马屁的谄媚之徒,以及准备服务于权势者恶习的大臣。”

政治衰败与文化衰败相互强化。当被委以重任的人抛弃了维持制度所需的美德时,罗马的制度不可能无限期地保持健康。当人们不再对腐败感到震惊时,腐败就变成了生存危机。

格雷格·杰克逊(GREGG JACKSON) 丹佛

如果你禁言财政部,你也禁言了市场

斯坦利·F·德鲁肯米勒(Stanley F. Druckenmiller)在批评美国财政部试图通过赎回流动性不足的发行债券来降低收益率时(见 8 月 25 日评论文章《让债券市场发声》),其核心论点存在一个根本性的逻辑缺陷。

德鲁肯米勒先生认为,此类交易干扰了价格,扭曲了可以从市场中推断出的有价值信息。但财政部与任何证券发行人一样,本身就是市场的一部分。它在关于新发行债券的节奏和构成所做的每一个决定,以及关于是否赎回现有发行债券的每一个决定,都是在开明的自我利益驱动下做出的合法选择。哪个债券发行人不会在每一次选择中,力求降低其借贷成本并根据其认为合适的方式管理风险?此类选择并没有扭曲市场——它们是市场不可或缺的一部分,且不可避免。事实上,它们正是创造了德鲁肯米勒先生所希望之信号的价格形成过程的一部分。

唐纳德·L·卢斯金(DONALD L. LUSKIN) 首席投资官 TrendMacro 达拉斯

密歇根州和缅因州的选战也将随之而去

关于贵刊 8 月 24 日的社论《重审最愚蠢的贸易战》:与加拿大及其他国家之间时断时续的关税政策,一个关键的隐藏成本是对买家与供应商关系的压力。买家和供应商必须就如何分摊新增成本进行谈判,这可能会使原本高效的关系变得紧张。他们的时间本应更好地用于共同协作,以最低的成本制造最高质量的产品。关税的这种隐藏代价也给管理人员带来了个人压力。虽然可能无法衡量,但贸易政策的不确定性已对产品、供应链以及人员造成了实质性损害。

俄亥俄州,哥伦布

我们 127 万 年的债务

关于 8 月 20 日第一页的《美国债务突破 400 亿美元 Trillion》:这个数字太大了,以至于失去了意义。也许将美元转换为秒可以让人对其产生直观认识。从现在起 100 万秒后是不到 12 天之后。10 亿秒大约是现在的 32 年后。1 万亿秒则是未来的近 32 个千年。而 40 万亿秒大约是 127 万 年。换句话说,如果我们能以每秒 1 美元的速度偿还 400 亿美元 trillion 的债务——日以继夜,永不停歇——那么大约需要 127 万 年才能还清。

华盛顿习惯于用“万亿”来谈论。也许我们都应该停下来思考一下这个词究竟意味着什么。数字可能是抽象的,但债务不是。

托马斯·西姆斯(THOMAS SIEMS) 德克萨斯州,科利维尔

就让特朗普总统在身处困境时继续自食其果吧。

那些钱都去哪儿了?

目前,一场针对加拿大对美出口额约 50 亿美元\%$ 的贸易战是没有必要的。加拿大的整个经济规模大致与纽约相当。疏远另一个盟友并无益处。

尽管人们一直在谈论他的政治敏锐度,但特朗普先生将对保守主义和资本主义价值观的支持误读为对他个人的支持。虽然他不在 11 月参选,但民主党(或者更糟的是民主社会主义者)的胜利将给他的政府和美国带来毁灭性的问题。他正在削弱人们对解决美国面临的更大问题的潜在支持。

关于贵刊 8 月 21 日的社论《罗·康纳接受财富税教育》:加利福尼亚州的人口在过去 10 年里基本处于停滞状态。然而,医疗补助(Medicaid)的支出大约翻了一番,每年超过 1500 亿美元 billion。在康纳众议员试图从他所在州的富裕企业家那里没收日益增加的资金之前,也许他应该花一点时间关注医疗保健方程式中的支出端。

将我们的国家交给亚历山德里娅·奥卡西奥-科尔特斯和伯尼·桑德斯,可以说比一个拥有核武器的伊朗对美国的威胁更大。

乔·博库齐(JOE BOCCUZZI) 德克萨斯州,汤姆波尔

这场贸易战之所以纯粹愚蠢,众多原因之一就是纯粹的政治。

11 月选举中对共和党保留参议院控制权最关键的两场选战分别在密歇根州和缅因州,这两个州每年从加拿大进口的商品分别约为 400 亿美元 billion 和 50 亿美元 billion。缅因州约 70% 的进口商品来自加拿大。

当这些州的选民感受到关税带来的痛苦时,他们可能会惩罚共和党,并将参议院席位交给这两个州参选的激进左翼候选人。特朗普先生可能将成功地把参议院的控制权交给民主党。真是讽刺。

迈克尔·J·加拉西(MICHAEL J GALASSI) 德克萨斯州,赫斯特

拟发表的信函请发送至 wsj.ltrs@wsj.com。请注明您所在的城市、州和电话号码。所有信函均可能经过编辑,未发表的信函不予回复。

肯尼斯·A·马戈利斯(KENNETH A. MARGOLIS) 纽约州,恰帕夸

胡椒…… 与盐

《华尔街日报》

“传说他是由人类抚养长大的。”

多莉·帕顿离世,令我们深感惋惜

ROGER RESSMEYER / CORBIS / VCG VIA GETTY IMAGES 1977年的多莉·帕顿(1946-2026)。

宣言 作者:佩吉·努南(Peggy Noonan)

在白金汉宫,冷溪卫队乐队在得知她去世的消息后演奏了《9 to 5》。白宫下令降半旗。在纽约,帝国大厦的顶端被染成了粉红色且闪闪发光。

她出生在田纳西州的丘陵地带,是一个分成制佃农及其妻子的 12 个孩子中的第四个,他们当时住在没有电和自来水的简陋小屋里。随后,她成为了一个偶像、传奇、女神,以及社交媒体上人们对她的称呼——大地天使。多么辉煌的一生。

电视主播在报道名人去世的故事时,总是以“举国哀悼”开头。这几乎从未真正发生过;要让一个国家陷入哀悼需要很多条件。但这一次是真的。失去了那个女孩,感觉世界变得更孤独了。

她的才华、野心、深度、信仰与慷慨,赋予了她一种近乎普世的吸引力。

我一直在思考她所产生的非凡影响中的一些要素。

我就称呼她为多莉(Dolly),因为我们大家都这么叫她。

她是一位伟大的艺术家,也是一个伟大的人。这两者并不总是能兼得,而且往往不能,但她将自己的才华发挥到了极致,并将赚得的利润大量捐出。如果有人评价你“若非如此慷慨,本可以成为亿万富翁”,你愿意听到这样的评价吗?

她清楚自己的出身,但并未因此筑起围墙。她是一个白人劳动阶级女孩,一个来自山谷的南方人。你是来自东海岸的旧钱权贵?进来吧,把脚搁在桌上休息。你是来自北方名校的黑人知识分子?请坐。你不需要因为与她不同而感到不自在,因为她并不在意自己与你不同。

“我心中燃着一种野心,”她曾说过,“我知道它能带我走出大山。”她热爱家乡,但想尽快离开那里。没有什么比这更具有美国精神的了。

她谦逊且带着冷幽默的自嘲,但她非常清楚自己是谁。生活中,有时你谦逊是因为你不知道自己是谁,有时你知道自己是谁但却因此变得傲慢。而她达到了平衡:你只是一个凡人,所以有很多需要谦逊的地方;然而,正如美国福音派基督徒常说的那样,“昂首挺胸,因为你是国王的女儿。”她的最后一首歌被锁在保险库中,将在 2046 年她的 100 岁生日时开启,内容与她在历史上的地位有关。这绝不是长期自我怀疑的迹象。

她拥有一种赢得的权威感,并且不知怎么地传达出一种信号:招惹她可能不是个明智的选择。在 CNN 上,她的一位前助手温迪·布罗考(Wendy Brokaw)说,多莉确实拥有“最宽广的心胸”,但“她也非常睿智”——这意味着她能直视你的眼睛,迅速看穿你的底细。

她对自己的公众形象感到快意,并塑造了一个将永远成名的“多莉”形象并始终坚持。她说她的造型是模仿“镇上的流浪女”:“要让自己看起来这么廉价,得花很多钱。”

她没有去对抗那些在早期围绕在她身边的愚蠢陈词滥调。在她职业生涯的前半段,关于多莉·帕顿(Dolly Parton)的笑话总是围绕着她的丰满胸部,而这必然成为脱口秀主持人们窥视谈论的对象:“现在,它们来了。”她本可以在采访中表现出愤慨,倾诉自己的痛苦。我的艺术怎么算?相反,她的笑声比任何人都大。她对着奥普拉·温弗瑞(Oprah Winfrey)指着自己说:“我把这些称为我的‘大规模分心武器’。”她还向大卫·莱特曼(David Letterman)抱怨道:“没人注意到我的屁股也很棒。”

她相信自己的才华,并将其作为全部赌注。她告诉采访者,根据旧磁带的证据,看来《乔琳》(Jolene)和《我将永远爱你》(I Will Always Love You)可能是同一天写成的。如果这两首歌是在同一年写成的,那都已经足够惊人了。

她从未显得浅薄。浅薄之人永远无法真正地温柔,只能是多愁善感。随便举一首歌,《多彩的外套》(Coat of Many Colors)就对那些一无所有却勉强维持生活的人充满了温柔。我一直好奇,虽然这首歌基于多莉童年的真实经历,但它是否也受到了埃德娜·圣文森特·米莱(Edna St. Vincent Millay)的《织竖琴之歌》(The Ballad of the Harp Weaver)的启发——这是一首关于家庭之爱的魔幻现实主义诗歌。对于艺术家来说,灵感来自多种途径,我将其追溯至此,是因为帕顿阅读广泛且品味极佳。《玛丽快报》(Marie Claire)杂志曾请她介绍自己的书架,她拿起约翰·斯坦贝克(John Steinbeck)的《愤怒的葡萄》。她说她热爱这本书,读了三遍,并对其中的“艰苦工作、贫苦之人、挣扎与时代”产生了共鸣。

演艺圈并不矫情,而是充满肉欲与烟火气的。我们习惯将明星视为在天国闪耀的高等物种,但他们从事的是最具体、最接地气的行业,其中涉及假发、束腰、汗水,以及在拍特写时鼻子发痒,或者在唱歌时有一只苍蝇飞进嘴里不得不将其吞下。多莉总是流露出她对这种混乱状态的热爱,而这在人们眼中并没有让她显得庸俗,反而让她更加崇高。因为那些能够享受生活烟火气的人,才是最优雅的。

她是一位虔诚的基督徒,经常且真诚地谈论祈祷以及她的祈祷经历。在她去世那天,她的多年好友凯西·李·吉福德在福克斯新闻上说:“她热爱人们,因为她知道上帝也热爱人们。”如果你相信真的有上帝,且他创造了你和所有人,那么你必然会推论出:你应该对他人的宽容,正如同你希望上帝在你去世那天对待你的宽容一样。这种想法会磨平你的棱角。多莉就没有那种尖锐的棱角。

在慈善事业上,她并不抽象,而是具体且实在。这与世纪之交的慈善风格不符——当时来自硅谷和各大银行的大笔资金被用于诸如为远方挣扎中的女性创业者提供定向微额贷款之类的事情。那并非坏事,但这些项目本可以在新泽西州的卡姆登开展。多莉的方式更简单:如果一个孩子还不识字,她就寄书;如果洪水摧毁了城镇,她就捐现金。她将最密切的关注给予她认知范围之内的人,而这个范围被广泛定义为美国,因为在这里,她对需求的感知最真实,对什么能提供帮助的眼光最敏锐。她在这个国家经历过贫困,因此她知道穷人确实存在。

1999年3月24日的《大卫·莱特曼深夜秀》中,她与艾米露·哈里斯以及琳达·朗斯塔特共同演唱了尼尔·杨的《金矿之后》(After the Gold Rush)。她们强而有力、清脆如铃的声音找到了完美的共鸣并交织在一起。我现在正听着这段录音。那是20世纪最后一个辉煌的时刻。

演艺圈的第一条忠告是:“永远让观众意犹未尽。”而她确实做到了。

再见,小亲爱的。我们将永远爱你。

美国可能即将迎来粮食危机

作者:杰夫·斯蒂尔 (Jeff Stier)

在我与我的导师、农学家诺曼·博劳格 (Norman Borlaug, 1914-2009) 的最后一次面对面交谈中,他告诉我,要警惕粮食供应系统的冲击。这些冲击可能来自小麦锈病和天气等自然现象,也可能来自持续的全球冲突等人类活动。当一个被认为拯救了至少十亿人免于饥饿的人要求你关注某件事时,这绝不是一条你可以忘记或忽视的信息。

由于俄罗斯-乌克兰战争、伊朗对霍尔木兹海峡的控制以及中国对全球化肥市场的操纵这三重打击,我们正处于他所预见的某种动荡之中。

美国政府一直关注这两场武装冲突,但如果我们忽视中国在加剧战争对化肥供应影响方面的行为,后果将由我们承担。博劳格在所有类别中获得了 1970 年诺贝尔和平奖,因为粮食安全就是国家安全。正如他喜欢引用约翰·博伊德·奥尔勋爵 (Lord John Boyd Orr) 的话那样:“你无法在空腹的情况下建立和平。”

白宫并没有忽视这场新兴危机,但必须采取紧急且具体的措施来稳定国内化肥供应。化肥价格的波动威胁到政府国内优先事项的两大支柱:控制通货膨胀(尤其是食品通胀),以及增加水果、蔬菜和全谷物的摄入。

让我来布置一下地缘政治的棋盘。俄罗斯是领先的化肥出口国,但在战争期间,其国内需求被优先考虑。伊朗对霍尔木兹海峡的干扰影响了石油运输和化肥运输。中国作为化肥的主要用户,长期以来一直是全球第二大化肥出口国——直到最近。在过去的一年里,中国开始削减出口以操纵市场。

中国生产商使用美国的硫磺来制造磷肥,磷肥提供磷——这是与氮和钾并列的三大主要植物营养元素之一。像我这样的家庭园艺爱好者将其称为 N-P-K 中的 P。

从去年年底开始,中国暂停了磷肥出口。随后,中国在 3 月扩大了对其他种类化肥的限制,并从 5 月起停止了大部分硫酸出口。综合来看,这些暂停和限制可能影响了高达 4000 万 吨的中国化肥出口。很大程度上由于通过霍尔木兹海峡的石油生产和硫磺运输受到干扰,硫磺价格大幅上涨。中国在禁止化肥出口的同时继续吸收硫磺,导致仅今年一年硫磺价格就翻了一番。

世界上大部分的硫磺是作为石油精炼和天然气加工的副产品回收的。随后它被转化为硫酸,硫酸与开采的磷矿石反应产生磷酸,用于制造磷肥。

中国国有的云天化集团(Yuntianhua Group)是该国最大的磷肥生产商之一,它依赖硫磺——同样在全球

中国、俄罗斯和伊朗控制着全球肥料市场。这可能意味着食品价格将飙升。

这种贸易原材料是中国从美国公司采购的。然而,北京方面的限制阻碍了云天化及其他中国生产商出口磷肥。中国在利用开放的全球原材料市场获益的同时,却拒绝向其成品肥料产品的买家提供同样的市场准入。

即便在正常市场中,这种行为也有可能扭曲美国农民的肥料成本。而当这种行为是由一个领先的美国对手在由中国盟友引发的供应紧缺期间,以牺牲美国制造商和农民为代价而实施时,它就成了一个国家粮食安全威胁的典型案例。

我们可以——而且应该——成为自由贸易者。但自由贸易不能意味着允许中国国有企业从美国供应商处采购关键原材料,而北京却阻止美国农民购买由此产生的肥料。我们必须营造公平的竞争环境。

特朗普政府推动国内石油和天然气生产是正确的。天然气是氮肥的关键投入,而石油炼制和天然气加工则产生了磷肥所需的大部分硫磺。能源安全与粮食安全密不可分。

如果你不喜欢因伊朗的好战而导致的加油站油价,那么你肯定更不喜欢因中国利用全球冲突及其贸易惯例而导致的超市食品价格。正如 BMI 高级大宗商品分析师马修·比金(Matthew Biggin)今年告诉路透社的那样:“中国在全球供应紧张期间选择限制供应,而非提供救援……出口限制的存在是因为其国内平衡紧张——他们优先考虑安全,并使国内市场免受价格冲击。”除此之外,中国的行为还威胁到了我们国内食品供应的可负担性。

白宫应对中国采取更强硬的立场,并加强我们的国内肥料供应链,以降低我们在面对俄罗斯-中国-伊朗轴心时的脆弱性。

斯蒂尔(Mr. Stier)是心脏地带研究所(Heartland Institute)的顾问。

特朗普在摇滚演唱会事件中发现了内心的尼克松

公司们永远在合并或剥离部门,推出新产品和服务,停产旧产品。机构资本为创业者提供了颠覆即使是最成熟的工业——

商业世界 作者:霍尔曼·W·詹金斯(Holman W. Jenkins, Jr.)

——的机会。企业提高价格、降低价格,想方设法地减轻那些将每项业务无情地推向无利可图的竞争力量。

简而言之,现在不再是 1890 年了,那时《谢尔曼反托拉斯法》刚刚成为法律。

《华尔街日报》本周报道了唐纳德·特朗普对 Live Nation / Ticket- 案中令人质疑的干预。这一事件让人想起理查德·尼克松 1971 年对 ITT 案的干涉,而令人惊叹的是,这并非巧合,因为该干涉最终导致一笔巨额捐款流入了尼克松的竞选活动。

就像任何课题一样,当你深入挖掘时,可能会得出令普通观察者惊讶的结论。布鲁金斯学会的两名经济学家在 2003 年触及了一个禁忌话题。他们质疑反托拉斯执法是否真的产生了公共利益。他们的结论持怀疑态度。此后,联邦法官驳回的一系列重大案件(在费用和人力投入方面绝对是“重大”的)进一步支撑了这一观点。这一连串的失败包括联邦政府试图阻挠 Whole Foods 与 Wild Oats、AT&T 与时代华纳(Time Warner),以及微软与动视暴雪(Activision)合并的招摇之举。

这次案件就像黑夜中的一道闪光。后来一名给本报的读者来信中得出结论:“如果没有反托拉斯行动的持续威胁,现任联邦反托拉斯雇员在离职后的市场价值将会低得多。”

是否有些交易或安排具有如此强的反竞争性,以至于值得干预?是的。由组织化利益集团在地方层面推动的职业许可制度和分区限制就是两个例子。但这并不是我们

如今,每一次起诉尝试似乎都始于一场“市场定义”的体操表演,而自尊心的最低点则是联邦贸易委员会(FTC)在 2003 年的一场诉讼,该诉讼声称“超高端”冰淇淋与,呃,冰淇淋并不竞争。

德尔拉希姆(Mr. Delrahim)在 AT&T-时代华纳诉讼案中展现了他的水准,结果在法庭上迅速溃败。而邦塔(Mr. Bonta)现在基本上重启了同样的失败论点,以阻止华纳与派拉蒙(Paramount)的合并。

所得到的是由前特朗普反垄断官员马坎·德尔拉希姆(Makan Delrahim)和现任加利福尼亚州总检察长罗布·邦塔(Rob Bonta)发起的这类案件。

但他的干预唯一无法解决的,就是泰勒·斯威夫特(Taylor Swift)和坏痞兔(Bad Bunny)门票定价错误的问题。

但《华尔街日报》中详述的 Live Nation 案件本身就是一个奇观,简直是一团糟。针对这家演唱会推广巨头的大部分抱怨,可以通过一个与反垄断无关的方案来解决。

该方案即:知名音乐艺人直接为其门票收取市场出清价格。

除非你认为泰勒·斯威夫特、布鲁斯·斯普林斯汀(Bruce Springsteen)和坏痞兔在进行掠夺性定价,否则反垄断并不是答案。然而,一旦这样做,政府目前将其归咎于 Live Nation “市场权力”的许多激怒民众的现象将瞬间消失。人们推测艺人低估门票价格是因为他们不想被视为在敲诈粉丝。另一些人提出的另一种解释是:乐队更喜欢混乱的售票过程,因为这能筛选出最狂热的粉丝,而这些粉丝在进入演出场馆后会花费巨资购买周边商品。

特朗普先生在与 Live Nation 官员会面后,终止了联邦政府对该案的参与,但 34 个州的原告仍在继续推进此案,其结果 100% 保证无法给公众带来任何可感知的好处。

反垄断从业者在一种忽视常规起诉裁量权的思维框架内运作,而这种裁量权会询问:提起特定的诉讼是否能给社会带来净收益?不幸的是,美国不会让其法律和机构自然失效。当这些机构失去合法目的时,它们就变成了真正的威胁。任何一位总统的正义职责就是保护公众免受这些威胁。特朗普先生在这方面的表现极其参差不齐。看看他的美国联邦通信委员会(FCC)就知道了,这是一个近期关于过时机构失控的案例研究。

有什么办法能帮上忙?法学院可以将反垄断课程作为一种秘密筛选机制,将那些意外入学的愤世嫉俗者和投机分子引导向其他职业,比如电话营销。

法律本应是一个崇高的职业,致力于真理与正义。除非国会重新思考竞争法,为干预寻找一个比“官僚机构延续生命”更连贯的依据,否则这里更大的问题将依然存在。目前看来这不太可能,即便反垄断在法庭上的失败记录令人震惊。但民主制度的伟大之处在于,只要地平线上还有下一次选举,人们就永远希望国会能采取行动。

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《华尔街日报》

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多莉·帕顿的商业头脑

这位已故的音乐巨擘在披头士(Beatles)和滚石乐队(Rolling Stones)都未能维持控制权的情况下,依然坚决地保护她的词曲版权。这种信念成为了她商业帝国的动力源泉。

作者:ELIAS LEIGHT

当多莉·帕顿(Dolly Parton)最初听说埃尔维斯·普雷斯利(Elvis Presley)有兴趣翻唱她 1974 年的热门歌曲《我将永远爱你》(I Will Always Love You)时,她感到非常兴奋。她曾告诉《花花公子》杂志:“没有比埃尔维斯更让我产生共鸣的人了。”

随后她发现,这位巨星要求获得一半的词曲创作利润,作为录制这首歌的条件,尽管他与歌曲的创作毫无关系。“在这种情况下,我想埃尔维斯不会录制《我将永远爱你》了,”帕顿在 1997 年向《Out》杂志回忆道。“每个人都说:‘你一定是疯了。’”

帕顿在与癌症抗争后,于周二去世,享年 80 岁。她是乡村音乐界的巨擘。帕顿是一位不懈的魅力人物,拥有极具穿透力的嗓音,在她热爱的悲剧性民谣中尤为出彩。根据美国唱片工业协会(RIAA)的数据,帕顿在乡村音乐排行榜上推出了 100 多首曲目,在美国售出了近 3000 万 张专辑和单曲。

在以不透明著称的音乐产业中,她也是一名精明的经营者。埃尔维斯事件并非偶然:在许多艺人都签署协议放弃版权的时代,她坚定地主张维持词曲所有权。

上方为 1978, 多莉·帕顿在中西部巡演期间的照片。左侧为帕顿在 20 世纪 90 年代的一次红毯活动中与她的经理桑迪·加林(Sandy Gallin)的合影。

她是首批预见到并随后顺利执行向主流流行音乐跨界转型的纳什维尔艺术家之一,泰勒·斯威夫特(Taylor Swift)后来也走上了这条道路。

对于帕顿来说,在音乐之外追求雄心勃勃的创业项目是完全合乎逻辑的。这些项目涵盖了各个领域:她出演电影,投资房地产,撰写儿童书籍,销售蛋糕预拌粉、牛仔裤和宠物玩具。她于 1986, 启动的主题公园“多莉伍德”(Dollywood)是一个经济引擎,在她在 Tennessee 州东部成长地附近创造了数千个就业机会。去年,福布斯(Forbes)将帕顿的版权目录估值为 1.2亿美元,并估计她的总资产为 4.5亿美元。

“我们会构思一些想法,然后我们必须想办法让它变得像她梦想中的那样,”泰德·米勒(Ted Miller)说道。他曾担任多莉·帕顿制作公司(Dolly Parton Productions)的负责人,该公司管理她的知识产权和其他创业项目。米勒在为帕顿工作四十多年后于去年退休。“这是一项全职工作——她的脑子里总有新想法。这让我老了一些,但也是一种乐趣。”

3000 万 在美国售出的专辑和单曲数量

作为一名坚定的慈善家,她捐出了大部分财富。她的 请翻至 B12 页

派拉蒙求助于一位偏好棘手客户的强力律师

贝丝·威尔金森正参与近年来三场风险最高的媒体法律战。她以简化复杂案件的策略而闻名。

作者:JESSICA TOONKEL

大卫·埃利森需要更强大的法律支持。

在派拉蒙与试图阻止其 810 亿美元 billion 收购华纳兄弟探索公司的各州总检察长联盟的斗争中,经历了 7 月份一场惨痛的听证会后,埃利森拿起电话,拨给了一位习惯于处理首席执行官危机的律师:贝丝·威尔金森(Beth Wilkinson)。

威尔金森曾成功为美国国家橄榄球联盟(NFL)和制药巨头辉瑞(Pfizer)辩护,并在最高法院大法官布雷特·卡瓦诺(Brett Kavanaugh)的确认听证会上,为其对抗性骚扰指控进行辩护,这使她成为高风险案件中首选的出庭律师。她赢得了约 60 起案件,仅在四起陪审团裁决中败诉,其中两起被撤销,一起达成和解。她从未让客户支付过判决赔偿金。

她现在正处于近年来三场风险最高的媒体法律战之中——她是那些在行业变革中挣扎的传统娱乐公司的首席辩护人。除了为派拉蒙工作外,威尔金森还在代表电视台运营商 Nexstar Media Group 为其 62 亿美元 billion 收购竞争对手 Tegna 的交易进行辩护(该交易同样遭到州总检察长的起诉以期阻止),同时还在代表华特迪士尼公司的 ABC 电视台,就该网络的广播许可证问题与美国联邦通信委员会(FCC)进行斗争。

虽然有些律师试图在法庭案件中应对每一个细节,但 63 岁的威尔金森以在法庭陈述中精炼案件而著称。她坦率、直接的方式经常赢得法官和陪审团的认可。

威尔金森在十年前离开保罗·魏斯(Paul Weiss)律师事务所,在华盛顿特区创立了自己的事务所。她目前正在为计划于 3 月举行的派拉蒙审判做准备,尽管该公司表示希望通过和解来避免审判,以及避免根据收购协议支付超过 10 亿美元 billion 的费用。围绕此案的公众关注和喧嚣,将考验她那套“将事实简化至极”的策略手册。

对于她的另一个客户迪士尼,威尔金森则采取进攻态势。上周,迪士尼旗下的 ABC 起诉了美国联邦通信委员会(FCC),指称该机构挑战其广播许可证以及监管其谈话节目《The View》的行为是非法的,且旨在压制特朗普政府认为不可接受的言论。

在涉及大公司的案件中,她有一套筛选陪审员的策略,能让案件变得简单且具有情感冲击力。例如,在为烟草公司菲利普莫里斯(Philip Morris)应对集体诉讼时,身着明快浅色服装的威尔金森会询问潜在的陪审员,如果他们判定该公司胜诉,在回到自己的犹太会堂、清真寺或教堂时是否会感到自在。任何感到不自在的人都可以退出。

她是康涅狄格州莱迪亚德一名核潜艇舰长的女儿,

贝丝·威尔金森 2023 年代表微软出庭。她计算出微软处于领先地位,因此决定跳过结案陈词,这一决定最终获得了回报。

她和姐姐从小就被要求在餐桌上为自己的观点辩护。在获得预备役军官训练团(ROTC)奖学金毕业于普林斯顿大学后,她获得了弗吉尼亚大学的法学学位。

她曾在军队服役,在五角大楼总法律顾问办公室担任律师,从事情报、特种作战和国家安全工作。随后,她加入了纽约东区美国检察官办公室和司法部,为当时的总检察长工作。请参阅 B4 页

这座葡萄园开启了中国的精品葡萄酒热潮

Silver Heights 是中国首批精品酒庄之一。右下方的艾玛·高(Emma Gao)于 2007. 年与她的父亲(左下方)共同创立了这家备受欢迎的葡萄园。Silver Heights 的多种葡萄酒在全球各地的顶级餐厅供应。

今年前六个月,中国葡萄酒出口额达到 7500万美元,较 2025 以来增长了两倍

作者:Jon EMONT

中国,银川 2007, 年,当艾玛·高做出一个出人意料的决定,在中国宁夏地区被沙尘暴席卷的山麓地带种植赤霞珠(Cabernet Sauvignon)时,她几乎没有想过要把自己的葡萄酒卖给国外的目的地餐厅。

而现在,她的黑皮诺(Pinot Noir)、赤霞珠和霞多丽(Chardonnay)已在包括纽约米其林星级餐厅 Gramercy Tavern、米兰时尚的高端粤菜馆 Ba,以及位于伦敦市中心的印度顶级餐厅 The Cinnamon Club 在内的场所供应。

曾在法国接受培训的高女士正致力于帮助中国葡萄酒拓展国际市场,因为侍酒师们正试图用全新的葡萄酒体验,来吸引那些对波尔多(Bordeaux)和巴罗洛(Barolo)感到厌倦的饮酒者。今年前六个月,中国葡萄酒出口额达到 7500万美元,是去年同期的三倍。“我认为葡萄酒世界是非常开放的,他们对新的风土和新的理念充满好奇,”50 岁的高女士说道。

中国在 2010 年代成为了全球主要的葡萄酒市场,但由于经济低迷以及共产党对酒精驱动的宴请活动的抑制,国内葡萄酒消费在 2020 年至 2025, 年间下降了超过一半。这给波尔多和澳大利亚的葡萄酒出口商以及中国自己的酿酒师带来了沉重压力。

高女士的酒庄 Silver Heights 是一个罕见的亮点。其在中国国内的销售保持健康,出口额已增长至其业务的三分之一,而五年前几乎为零。单瓶零售价在 $20 到 $200. 左右。在中国境外,最大的市场是东京和新加坡等亚洲城市。

其粉丝包括纽约市的餐厅经营者兰德尔·雷斯蒂亚诺(Randall Restiano),他直到去年 10 月还担任 Gramercy Tavern 的饮料总监。当一名同事建议他尝试中国葡萄酒时,他持怀疑态度,但还是同意品鉴并尝试了 Silver Heights 的黑皮诺。

“其中有一种香料味或某种暗示,就在大声地诉说着什么……我推测这就是中国的风土,”他说。“当时我想‘成了!我决定尝试。我要全部都要。尽快发货给我。’”

1999 年,在热爱葡萄酒的父亲建议下,高女士开始在法国学习葡萄酒。她在罗讷河谷(Rhone Valley)葡萄酒产区的奥朗日葡萄栽培学校(Lycée Viticole d'Orange)学习了一年,学习品鉴和商业销售,随后进入著名的波尔多酿酒学院(Bordeaux Institute of Oenology)进一步学习酿酒工艺。她是少数几名中国学生之一,周围环绕着拥有数百年历史的酒庄后裔。

回到中国后,她开始在中国远西部的新疆地区为一家大型生产商担任酿酒师。她非常细致,利用公司的实验室分析葡萄园不同地块中葡萄的单宁和颜色,以酿造特定类型的葡萄酒,正如她在波尔多所学的那样。但酒庄的老板试图进行大宗销售,对她的额外努力并不感冒。

她流着泪给父亲打电话,告诉他自己的培训被浪费了。“我说,‘让我们开自己的酒庄吧。不需要很大,只要能出几瓶酒就行,’”高女士回忆道。高父当时已退休;他请求妻子(艾玛的母亲)允许动用他们约 $45,000 的积蓄,在他们的家乡——中国北方的宁夏开始酿酒。Silver Heights,中国首批精品酒庄之一,于 2007 年成立。

宁夏地处北京以西约 600 英里,那里土壤贫瘠且多岩石,冬季严寒:这里并非一个显而易见的酿酒地。高氏夫妇认为贺兰山附近的干旱土壤能酿出有趣的葡萄酒,但早年并非一帆风顺。宁夏的葡萄藤在冬季必须埋入土中以抵御严寒,这一繁琐的过程显著增加了成本。葡萄栽培工人必须从零开始培训。来自戈壁的沙尘暴时而袭来,干扰葡萄的成熟过程并导致收成受损。艾玛当时在上海的一家葡萄酒进口商处维持着一份全职工作,周末则在葡萄园工作。

有一天,她试探性地让全职工作的老板品尝了她的 2007 年“巅峰”(Summit)系列。老板对此印象深刻,立即将其寄给传奇葡萄酒评论家罗伯特·帕克(Robert Parker),后者给出了 82 分(满分 100 分)的稳健评分,并制作了一段视频,强调这款酒的平衡感。对于一名 30 出头的中国酿酒师来说,这是令人亢奋且出乎意料的赞誉。在 2007 年份取得成功后,高女士全身心地投入到她的酒庄中,最终将家族葡萄园搬到了贺兰山以东,那里可以避免沙尘暴的侵害。

在这片 170 英亩的葡萄园里,马和牛在围栏中吃草,它们的粪便被用作肥料。长排的歌海娜(Grenache)和赤霞珠(Cabernet Sauvignon)葡萄藤覆盖在贫瘠的岩石土壤上。七月份的气温很容易达到 90 度,在最近的一次访问中,一些赤霞珠葡萄提前两周开始变紫。

2020 年,Silver Heights 聘请了意大利葡萄酒管理专家马尔科·米拉尼(Marco Milani)担任新任首席执行官。他在维罗纳品尝过 Silver Heights 的霞多丽(Chardonnay)并被惊艳之后决定加盟。“我喜欢这个想法:一个中国小家庭一点一点地实现了这一切,”他说。

米拉尼认为这款酒已经足够好,可以出口。为了打动海外心存疑虑的侍酒师,米拉尼挑战他们进行盲品测试,并表示他们经常认为这款中国葡萄酒优于对比的法国或意大利葡萄酒。他说,除了增长,出口带来的一个副作用是在中国创造了一个正向反馈循环:如果 Silver Heights 在纽约和伦敦被认可,中国的顶级餐厅和酒吧也会想要它。

在纽约市,增长之路是通过卡姆登·豪格·辛(Camden Hauge Sin)实现的。这位新泽西州原住民在上海的餐饮业工作 15 年后最近回国,创办了一家专门的中国葡萄酒销售公司。

豪格·辛拎着中国葡萄酒乘坐地铁,为面无表情的侍酒师和餐厅葡萄酒采购员倾倒样品,而这些人有时会随之地下订单。

豪格·辛表示,尽管面临挑战——例如美国对中国产品征收的高关税推高了成本——但纽约是一个很好的启动地,因为这座“城市对新鲜事物充满渴望”。

随着其他中国酿酒师酿造的葡萄酒现在在国际比赛中赢得顶级奖项,高女士进入了一个更具实验性的阶段,她研发出一种清爽的新饮品,将中国传统米酒与霞多丽和黑皮诺(Pinot)相结合。这种混合饮品带有轻微的发酵后味,在意大利很受欢迎。她还倾向于研发深受中国年轻饮酒者喜爱的不同类型的白葡萄酒,并利用中国传统水果制作酒精饮料。

高女士说,满足感来自于像艺术家一样做“我们想做的事”。“如果人们买它并且喜欢它,那我就是最开心的。”

一个125年前的牛市如何揭示当今的交易狂热

智能投资者 / 杰森·茨威格 (JASON ZWEIG)

交易应用程序取代了博彩店,但华尔街上依然充斥着与1901年惊人相似的平行现象

纽约证券交易所,年度换手率,1900–14年

来源:NYSE Factbook, 2004

这个看似不可阻挡的股市,是否开始让人感觉像1999年,当时科技股在投机浪潮中直线飙升?对我而言,它更像1901年。

它感觉更像1901年。

不,我那时还没出生。但回顾125年前的时光会发现,那是一个极其相似的时期,能为今天提供教训。赌博热潮的持续时间可能比大多数人想象的更长,燃烧得更剧烈——而其终结的速度则比任何人能想象的都要快。那些拒绝参与的人在短期机会成本上付出了高昂代价,但从长远来看是赢家。

其中一些相似之处简直不可思议。

在2026年,快速交易几乎成了常态,标普500指数当日到期期权合约的每日交易量超过300万笔。在1901年,纽约证券交易所的换手率达到了319%,整个市值实际上每16周就更换一次所有者——这种交易速度在之后的一个多世纪里都没有被超越。

在2026年,预测市场大行其道,交易者几乎会对任何能想象到的短期结果进行投注。在1901年,博彩店(bucket shops)是最热门的投机出口,人们投注美国皮革公司(U.S. Leather)或美国棉花油公司(American Cotton Oil)股票的下一个跳动点是上涨还是下跌。

在2026年,杠杆交易所交易基金(ETF)正处于繁荣期,使交易者能够将股票或指数的每日回报翻倍或增加至三倍。在1901年,使用保证金(即借款)交易的投机者热衷于将赌注杠杆化10倍或更多。(如今,通过永续合约,有些人甚至能够实现高达100比1的杠杆。)

1901年的第一个教训是,投机热潮很难被隔离。财务生活中的某个领域出现赌博倾向,往往会感染其他领域。

记者兼作家埃德温·勒费弗(Edwin Lefèvre)——他后来因《股票交易回忆录》一书而闻名——在1901年出版了一部名为《华尔街故事》的短篇小说集。

书中的一个角色沉醉于“赌博之酒”,认为交易“50,000股股票”与投注“$50,000赌一张牌的翻转”之间没有区别。他甚至提出“打赌一笔财富,他能猜出落在桌上的两只苍蝇中哪一只会先飞走”。

在125年里,我们进步了吗?如今,预测市场让你投注比特币15分钟后的价格,或者投注一名足球播报员是否会在超级碗期间说出“tush push”这个词。

那时与现在一样,那些煽动公众赌博欲望的公司,都披上了“民主化”的正义外衣。

美国最大的博彩店之一,名字恰如其分的海特与弗里斯(Haight & Freese),声称其年度《投资者指南》是“为了造福数百万忙碌的人”,这些人正寻求“一个公平的机会,以从迅速增加的交易所证券数量和价值中获取一部分巨额利润”。

然而,博彩店与投资毫无关系,尽管它们精明地将客户称为“投资者”。你唯一能做的就是对二元结果下注:某只股票的下一笔交易是上涨还是下跌。

这让人们觉得自己在参与资本市场——尤其是因为他们只需$10即可交易并进行杠杆操作,有时高达30倍或更多。而纽约证券交易所的经纪公司很少接受少于100股(这可能涉及数千加元)的订单,且通常对保证金有严格得多的限制。

如今的预测市场和交易应用程序将类似的机制打包在你的手机中。

当时的危险与现在一样:一旦投机变得有趣,它就可能具有成瘾性。而这几乎总是以心烦意乱或心碎告终。

在20世纪之交,一名服务员通过交易布鲁克林快速运输公司(Brooklyn Rapid Transit Co.)的股票赚了$100,000(相当于今天的数百万美元),1905年的一部纽约证券交易所(NYSE)历史记录中如此记载——作者冷嘲热讽地补充道,这笔利润“后来被华尔街收回了”。

但好时光持续得越久,清算之日就显得越遥远。1901年,经济繁荣。在J.P.摩根的带领下,金融家们将整个行业整合进旨在限制竞争、减少价格战并最大化投资者吸引力的“联合体”中。投资者们对锡、石油、电力公用事业、面粉、家具、铜、陶器、皮革、硼砂、燕麦片,甚至棺材的工业聚集体感到疯狂。

1901年,美国钢铁公司(U.S. Steel)成为第一家市值达到10亿美元的公司。它引发的兴奋感与SpaceX在2026年成为首家估值超过$1万亿的首次公开募股(IPO)公司时所产生的感觉如出一辙。

在1900年上涨19%之后,股市在1901年又上涨了20%,1902年上涨了5%。在1903年的一次波动之后,股票再次飙升,在接下来的三年中回报率达到69%。

然后,1907年大恐慌终于到来,市场暴跌30%,仅在10月份就下跌了10%。

信托公司——最初的“影子银行”——向高风险企业、房地产投机者和股票交易者贷出了巨额资金。随着存款人担心这些可疑的信托公司会破产,银行挤兑随之而来。这是美国历史上最严重的金融灾难之一,直接导致了美联储(Federal Reserve)的创建。

我并不是说你应该卖掉所有资产并退出这次牛市。但请记住这一点:在1900年代初的狂热中保持冷静且置身事外的人,最终变得更加强大。

海蒂·格林(Hetty Green)或许是最早且最伟大的长期投资者之一,她固执地信奉自己的格言:“绝不在华尔街投机。”1908年,她回忆道:“当崩盘发生时,我有钱,我是极少数真正拥有资金的人之一。其他人拥有的是他们的‘证券’和‘价值’。而我拥有现金,他们不得不来找我。”

NFL 的沃伦·巴菲特及其在为失败者设计的联盟中寻求获胜的探索

公羊队的莱斯·斯尼德通过像价值投资者那样重新思考市场,找到了打造一支常年竞争球队的方法

作者:JOSHUA ROBINSON 和 JONATHAN CLEGG

莱斯·斯尼德在职业橄榄球领域工作了三十年,直到那时他才意识到,自己一直以来都做错了。

这位洛杉矶公羊队的总经理被广泛认为是整个美国国家橄榄球联盟(NFL)中最成功的执行官之一。他曾帮助亚特兰大猎鹰队复兴,带领公羊队进入超级碗,并且在 NFL 选秀中挖掘瑰宝方面颇有心得。

但在 2020 赛季之后,斯尼德产生了一种顿悟。

在此之前,这位来自阿拉巴马州尤福拉的橄榄球终身从业者一直循规蹈矩。他选了一名 1 号四分卫,并为其配备了进攻武器——正如他应该做的那样。然后,一旦这些球员都证明了自己,他就用长期合同将他们锁定。他唯一缺失的只有一枚超级碗冠军戒指。

斯尼德意识到,如果他想赢得冠军,那么将公羊队带到目前这一步的所有方式都必须改变。

这一认知触发了 NFL 历史上任何一支球队所尝试过的最激进的一系列“全押”举措。在接下来的几个月里,斯尼德交易掉了他亲手挑选的首发四分卫以及一大批共七个选秀权,以换取准备立即赢球的成熟老将。

NFL 的其他球队花了一段时间才搞清楚他到底在做什么。事实上,五年后的今天,联盟仍在消化这次大胆的豪赌。在新赛季 NFL 开启前,斯尼德再次出手,进行了一次巨大的投注,将全明星级防守端迈尔斯·加雷特带到洛杉矶,这一举动使公羊队成为了赢得超级碗的绝对热门。

到目前为止,这种激进的操盘方式已被视为斯尼德的标志,这种球队建设方法重塑了数十年来关于如何构建冠军阵容的思考。但在 2020, 年,这种对他所学一切的突然反思,仅仅是他试图解决体育界最令人抓狂的挑战之一的最新尝试:在一个明确旨在防止出现常胜之师的联盟中,打造一支常年获胜的球队。

选秀权——事实上,他们连续七年无法在第一轮进行选秀。

“这是一种强加在我们身上的纪律,”他说。

这给他们留下的是一支高能阵容,几乎每个重要位置都拥有全明星级别的天才。斯尼德对选秀的要求仅仅是能够补充其超级巨星的球员。如果他们能识别出那些属性特别适合主教练肖恩·麦克维战术手册的新秀,那就足够了。

“第三轮,”斯尼德告诉他的员工,“就是我们的第一轮。”

斯尼德之所以如此无畏,原因之一是他意识到,与 NFL 的正统观念相反,选秀并非球队建设的全部。管理层能做出的最重要决定是选择哪些球员获得第二份合同——这张改变命运的纸将一个持有新秀合同的廉价资产转化为一项重大的、多年的财务承诺。没有其他决定能对如此多的赛季产生涟漪效应,或拥有如此强大的力量来塑造球队的轨迹。

斯尼德的方法重塑了数十年的思维方式。

只有极少数被选入联盟的球员能走到这一步。被 NFL 球队选中是一个重大步骤,但真正的转型时刻发生在他们从新秀合同过渡到第二份合同的时候。

“能拿到第二份合同的人,”一名公羊队高管表示,“是一个极其稀少的群体。在数百万处于橄榄球适龄阶段的人中,有多少比例上了大学?又有多少被选中了?而在这一子集中,又有多少人拿到了第二份合同?当你把其他所有人都剔除掉之后,这些人几乎可以挤进一个房间里。”

斯尼德现在认为自己不再是一个纯粹的人才球探,而更像是一个价值投资者,他恰好——

* * *

自从该联盟在俄亥俄州坎顿的一家汽车经销店成立一个多世纪以来,职业橄榄球已经演变成一个由规则构成的庞大体系,这些规则经过专门设计,旨在确保竞争环境的公平。

从联盟的年度选秀(将人才重新分配给最需要的球队),到严格的工资帽(削弱富裕老板的优势),再到一种让即使是最倒霉的俱乐部也能在金钱中浸泡的收入分成模式,NFL 花了一个世纪的时间来设计一场极致的“向中庸靠拢”的竞赛。弱队获得助力,强队被削弱,这一切都成了常规操作。

为了脱颖而出,仅仅找到最有天赋的球员是不够的。一个特许经营球队的命运取决于如何将他们塞进一个庞大且复杂的资源分配拼图中,而在这个拼图中航行比穿着束缚衣在游泳池里游泳还要困难。

斯尼德明白,你不能通过循规蹈矩来击败这个系统——至少不能通过任何关于橄榄球的教科书来击败它。

他从管理学巨著和自我提升指南中汲取灵感。他最喜欢的一本书是一本破旧的 1998 年畅销书,名为《谁搬走了我的奶酪?》。这本书提供了在隐喻性的老鼠迷宫中穿行的策略,实际上是对适应能力的颂歌。

斯尼德从未忘记它。在 2021 年春天,挡在他与他已经近在咫尺、几乎能闻到味道的奶酪——兰巴迪奖杯(Lombardi Trophy)之间的障碍是

闻到——兰巴迪奖杯——是一个名叫贾里德·戈夫(Jared Goff)的四分卫。 戈夫是一名来自加利福尼亚州、身高 6 英尺 4 英寸的金发传球手,完全符合 NFL 的标准选角。他已成长为两届全明星球员(Pro Bowler),并三次带领公羊队进入季后赛。更重要的是,他是斯尼德在洛杉矶执政时期的门面。但在公羊队这个新时代,斯尼德不再将他视为一个定义球队未来的标志性选秀球员,而是开始用不同的眼光看待他。他很优秀,但称不上伟大。他能执行系统,但无法超越系统。斯尼德能感觉到,公羊队在贾里德·戈夫的带领下赢球,但并不是因为贾里德·戈夫而赢球。

他本可以轻松地再等一个赛季,看看戈夫是否能达到更高的水平。但斯尼德决定,等待的时间已经结束。在 NFL 中,正确识别自己是否处于夺冠窗口期是最困难的事情之一。许多球队在经历一个好赛季后,就会说服自己已经准备好赢得冠军。但大多数球队在次年会下滑,因为他们太害怕将所有的筹码全部推向中心。

因此,在赛季结束不到四周后,公羊队同意将戈夫和两个首轮选秀权交易给底特律狮子队,以换取马修·斯塔福德(Matthew Stafford)。用 2016 年选秀的 1 号签换取 2009 年选秀的 1 号签。用未来换取当下。

自从达拉斯牛仔队交易掉赫谢尔·沃克(Herschel Walker)以来,还没有一次爆炸性的交易像这次一样震撼 NFL。而这仅仅是个开始。在接下来的几个月里,斯尼德通过放弃另外四个选秀权,完成了对全明星防守端冯·米勒(Von Miller)和前首轮秀跑卫索尼·米歇尔(Sony Michel)的交易。他此前用来组建季后赛球队的基石,现在成了追逐冠军的筹码。

“我们原本打算放弃那些可以共同成长年轻球员,”斯尼德后来说道,“以换取引进一名正值巅峰期四分卫的机会。”

当公羊队在加利福尼亚州英格尔伍德的主场赢得第56届超级碗时,这构成了绝对的证明。

在斯尼德押注夺冠窗口期仅一年之后,公羊队便势如破竹地实现了目标。那时没有人担心两个月后的选秀。那句引导他们采取“全押”策略的“去他妈的选秀权”(F—them picks),已经变成了一句口号,一个模因,以及一个摆在斯尼德办公桌上的咖啡杯。

这一模式如此成功,以至于引发了整个休赛期的“赢或崩”式举措,各支球队都鼓起勇气承担更大的风险。在那个三月的15天里,九名拥有共计39次入选职业碗(Pro Bowl)经历的资深球员通过交易更换了球队,其中最引人注目的是迈阿密海豚队用五个

莱斯·斯尼德将巴菲特的教诲——“价格是你支付的,价值是你得到的”——视为金科玉律。

选秀权交易给堪萨斯城酋长队,以换取外接手泰瑞克·希尔。

现在每个人都想成为公羊队。然而,他们忽略了那些轰动性的交易仅仅是其战略的一部分。尽管咖啡杯上这么写,但斯尼德并没有真的花三年时间把选秀权付之一炬。事实上,他一直在悄悄囤积大量选秀权——只不过这些选秀权处于一个没人关注的选秀阶段。

“他研究的是联盟的经济学,”一名与斯尼德密切合作的人说,“他寻找人们过度估值的东西,寻找被低估的东西,然后他会随之改变自己的策略。”

NFL一直将第一和第二轮视为寻找能立即贡献球员的购物场所。第三、四、五轮则产生替补球员和需要培养的人才。而末轮则是为了寻找特勤队的炮灰和训练营里的擒抱练习 dummy。

当然,各球队确实在各处挖掘到了职业碗球员和名人堂成员——汤姆·布雷迪毫无疑问是史上最著名的第六轮秀。但由于选秀并非一门精确的科学,提取价值最稳妥的方法就是尽可能多地尝试。

斯尼德说服自己有一种更好的方法。选秀的第2天和第3天只有在你把它们当成淘金时才会毫无收获。但如果你抱着能钓出几块石头和一只旧靴子的心态进入,那么找到你真正想要的东西并不难。

公羊队开始相信,80%的NFL球员都是“体系球员”。只要他们处于正确的设置中,就能大放异彩。

这并非为了标新立异而进行的哲学转变。相反,这是由斯尼德已经做出的一系列决定所迫使的。所有那些为了获取斯塔福德及其他球员而采取的张扬举措,都让公羊队失去了所有早期的

他恰好从事的是挑选NFL“股票”的业务。

早在他在亚特兰大的时期,斯尼德就潜心研读沃伦·巴菲特的书籍——通常是在开车往返于南部各学校之间时听录音带。这位“奥马哈先知”的绰号让他听起来像某个内布拉斯加州的传奇进攻协调员,而他的教诲被斯尼德视为金科玉律。

“价格是你支付的,”巴菲特喜欢这样说,“价值是你得到的。”

但在NFL中,确定价值的正确方法是什么?哪些是应该买入的蓝筹股?投资组合中应该持有多少个?以及他们在阵容中应该填补哪些位置?

公羊队根据他们对每个位置相对于另一个位置的估值,制定了一套严格的薪资标准。在防守端,他们只会在三个位置上挥金如土——防守截锋、边缘冲传手和1号角卫。内线线卫和安全卫则是可替换的零件。这就是选秀的用途。如果他们只能打三年就完事,那也没关系。公羊队只需在这些位置上重新补充库存。

在进攻端也是如此。内线进攻线球员、右截锋和近端锋很便宜。而传球者和接球者则能拿到高薪。

因此,当选秀进入第2天和第3天时,公羊队并没有追求超级巨星,而仅仅是在填补漏洞。

“每次选秀就像是当年的共同基金,”斯尼德说道,“一只表现极差的股票或一项糟糕的投资就可能拖垮整个投资组合。”

改编自约书亚·罗宾逊(Joshua Robinson)和乔纳森·克莱格(Jonathan Clegg)所著的《战术手册:塑造现代NFL胜负的隐藏力量》(THE PLAYBOOK: The Hidden Forces Shaping Winners and Losers in the Modern NFL),将于2026年9月8日由Mariner Books出版。原文版权 © 2026 Joshua Robinson and Jonathan Clegg。经Mariner Books(HarperCollins Publishers旗下品牌,与《华尔街日报》一样,均由新闻集团所有)授权印刷。

公羊队四分卫贾里德·戈夫(Jared Goff)和主教练肖恩·麦克维(Sean McVay)在2020年的照片。斯尼德在该赛季结束后采取了一项震惊业界的举措,将戈夫交易走。

关键词 / 克里斯托弗·米姆斯(CHRISTOPHER MIMS)

谁能看到你的数据?

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便利性胜出

如今 工具的能力与我们实际使用它们的方式之间存在着巨大的差距。目前,它们的许多能力被锁定在一种只有资深极客才能克服的复杂程度之后。

谷歌的每日简报、Dreambeans 以及将“个人智能”集成到 Gemini 中,全部在简洁性上胜出。我写了一整本关于 的书,然而在个人生活中,我一直太懒于利用它的全部力量。

我并没有打算利用 在我睡觉时在后台辛勤工作,以便在每天早晨设定我的优先级,甚至帮助我调节身心健康。但现在我明白了,因为这些主动功能在某种程度上直接呈现在我面前,并证明了自身的实用性。

苹果公司同样押注于,一旦个人 被内置到我们手中已有的设备和服务中,其需求将会爆发。与谷歌一样,苹果已经拥有访问用户数字生活的权限。

正如我的同事妮可·阮(Nicole Nguyen)在谈到苹果升级后的 Apple Intelligence(内置于下个月发布的设备操作系统版本中)时所写:“为了赢得用户,苹果的 不需要多么强大,它只需要触手可及且易于使用。”

谷歌已经在证明这一点是正确的。

她是陷入困境 CEO 们的首选律师

接第 B1 页

接第 B1 页,以及副总检察长珍妮特·雷诺(Janet Reno)和梅里克·加兰德(Merrick Garland)。

威尔金森(Wilkinson)是起诉俄克拉荷马城轰炸犯蒂莫西·麦克维(Timothy McVeigh)的主要检察官之一,后者被判处死刑。她主张,这场导致 168 人死亡的爆炸案正是“死刑设立时所针对的罪行”。麦克维被判死刑,并于 2001 年被注射死刑。

当时她 34 岁,这起案件推动了她的职业生涯。她也是在那里遇到了丈夫大卫·格雷戈里(David Gregory),后者当时代表 NBC 新闻报道该审判。格雷戈里曾表示,当他第一次接近她时,她并不感兴趣。

大卫·格雷戈里与贝丝·威尔金森在 2008 年肯尼迪中心荣誉奖颁奖礼上。

审判结束时,两人已在一起,并在几年后结婚。加兰德主持了这场在马萨诸塞州南塔基特岛举行的婚礼,期间他开玩笑说,虽然他曾告诉威尔金森要改善与媒体的关系,但这并不是他的原意。

微软副主席兼总裁布拉德·史密斯(Brad Smith)表示,威尔金森已受雇于微软多年,她曾帮助微软联合创始人比尔·盖茨准备 2014 年的一次证词录取,此后,微软在处理任何重大案件时都会求助于她。

她成功地为公司 750 亿美元 billion 收购动视(Activision)进行了辩护,击败了美国政府试图阻止该交易的尝试。在一次大胆的举动中,她选择不进行结案陈词。

威尔金森的考量是:她引用了数学数据来支持她的论点,即微软与动视的合并不会构成垄断。而法官在质询政府方时,也多次引用这些数据。

当她告诉微软的内部律师,由于能看出胜券在握,因此放弃结案陈词比强行陈词更好时,那些律师看她的眼神就像在看一个疯子。在最近的一次微软内部会议上,她回忆道,当时她坚持了自己的立场。

每当时任动视 CEO 鲍比·科蒂克(Bobby Kotick)对微软的策略产生疑问时,威尔金森都会通过电话进行解释。这给科蒂克留下了深刻印象,他甚至要求由威尔金森在法庭上对他进行询问,而不是由动视自己的律师来做。

贝丝·威尔金森(左起第二位)曾是起诉蒂莫西·麦克维俄克拉荷马城轰炸案的检察组员。她在 1997 年的审判中主张,这是“死刑设立时所针对的罪行”。

今年夏天早些时候,当埃里森(Ellison)向科蒂克提到他正考虑聘请威尔金森时,科蒂克对此表示支持。

“贝丝比我见过的任何人都能更出色地分析出真正重要的部分,并且有勇气不使用每一件证据,”马里尼·穆尔蒂(Malini Moorthy)说道。穆尔蒂在辉瑞(Pfizer)领导民事诉讼以及在拜耳(Bayer)领导全球诉讼与调查期间,曾与威尔金森合作过多起审判。“有时你不得不剪掉那些足以获得奥斯卡奖的精彩片段并将其弃之不顾,因为它们无法讲述一个连贯的故事。”

在为辉瑞辩护的一起关于其激素替代疗法药物是否导致一名死亡患者患乳腺癌的诉讼中,她做出了一个冒险的选择:在原告播放视频之前,先播放该死亡女性的视频。

这段由威尔金森在开庭时播放的视频显示,该女性在医院病床上承认,她曾被警告过该药物的危险性。

“很多人会害怕使用那样一段视频,”目前担任欧洲生物技术公司 Argenx 总法律顾问的穆尔蒂说道。

威尔金森主张,很难确定究竟是什么导致了该疾病——并在她的结案陈词中引用了 C+C Music Factory 的歌曲《Things that Make You Go Hmmmm...》。

她有一群亲密的女性朋友,其中一些人也是出庭律师,许多人是她在普林斯顿大学的旧同学。

在针对美国国家橄榄球联盟(NFL)的反垄断审判接近尾声时,与她一起负责此案的女律师们为她制作了串珠友谊手链,上面写着诸如“结案女王”和“Beth想要什么就给什么”之类的话。

在派拉蒙(Paramount)的案件中,威尔金森需要拆解该公司的论点,即华纳(Warner)与派拉蒙的合并不会引发反竞争担忧。在本周《华尔街日报》报道了相关会议计划后,加利福尼亚州总检察长取消了与埃利森讨论潜在和解方案的会议。

据一名参会人员透露,几年前,威尔金森及其律师团队正与一名潜在客户进行视频通话。屏幕上是一群穿着西装的男性。其中一人提出了一个问题。

“Beth,你曾经担任过审判的主导律师吗?”他问道。威尔金森毫不犹豫地回答道:“你知道,我想不出什么时候我不是主导律师。”

只有 RIMOWA 能制造 RIMOWA。

RIMOWA

< / td><>< / ><>最新< / ><>一年前< / >< / tr><><>26402.42< / ><>滚动市盈率 †< / ><>34.37< / ><>32.97< / >< / ><><>▼ 138.93< / ><>预测市盈率 †< / ><>24.17< / ><>29.25< / >< / ><><>或 0.52%< / ><>股息率 *†< / ><>0.54< / ><>0.68< / >< / table>

月(s)年 到期 *连续近月合约

市场摘要

道琼斯工业平均指数

<><>53559.99< / ><>滚动市盈率< / ><>21.80< / ><>24.98< / >< / ><><>▼ 9.45< / ><>预测市盈率*< / ><>20.36< / ><>21.75< / >< / ><><>或 0.02%< / ><>股息率< / ><>1.46< / ><>1.60< / >< / ><><>历史最高点< / ><>< / >< colspan="2">当前除数< / >< / ><><>54349.12, 08 / 05 / 26< / ><>< / >< colspan="2">0.1682481652835< / >< / table>

标准普尔 500 指数

<>< colspan="2">< / ><>最新< / ><>一年前< / >< / ><><>7711.76< / ><>滚动市盈率 < / ><>24.50< / ><>25.15< / >< / ><><>▼ 19.23< / ><>预测市盈率 < / ><>21.12< / ><>23.99< / >< / ><><>或 0.25%< / ><>股息率 *< / ><>1.07< / ><>1.21< / >< / ><><>历史最高点< / ><>< / >< / ><><>7798.99, 08 / 13 / 26< / ><>< / >< / table>

<>< colspan="2">柱状图衡量自开盘以来的点数变化< / >< / ><><>七月< / ><>42000< / >< / table>

每周市盈率数据基于 Birinyi Associates Inc. 报告的收益 ${}^{\dagger}$ 基于纳斯达克 100 指数

纳斯达克综合指数

美国主要股市指数 交易日记

道琼斯< / td>< colspan="5">最新< / >< colspan="3">52周< / >< colspan="2">% 变化< / >< / tr><><>最高< / ><>最低< / ><>收盘< / ><>净变化< / ><>% 变化< / ><>最高< / ><>最低< / ><>% 变化< / ><>YTD< / ><>3年年化< / >< / ><><>工业平均< / ><>53819.65< / ><>53489.41< / ><>53559.99< / ><>-9.45< / ><>-0.02< / ><>54349.12< / ><>45166.64< / ><>17.6< / ><>11.4< / ><>15.7< / >< / ><><>运输平均< / ><>21605.39< / ><>21303.81< / ><>21378.75< / ><>-61.52< / ><>-0.29< / ><>23933.14< / ><>15067.87< / ><>34.4< / ><>23.2< / ><>10.8< / >< / ><><>公用事业平均< / ><>1091.37< / ><>1074.16< / ><>1078.28< / ><>-7.93< / ><>-0.73< / ><>1190.23< / ><>1048.33< / ><>-1.0< / ><>1.0< / ><>6.9< / >< / ><><>股市总市场< / ><>76871.11< / ><>76182.95< / ><>76272.17< / ><>-286.53< / ><>-0.37< / ><>77313.23< / ><>62750.36< / ><>19.2< / ><>13.0< / ><>19.9< / >< / ><><>巴伦 400< / ><>1665.78< / ><>1650.37< / ><>1650.40< / ><>-12.72< / ><>-0.76< / ><>1685.46< / ><>1318.70< / ><>19.9< / ><>16.8< / ><>18.7< / >< / ><>< colspan="11">纳斯达克股票市场< / >< / ><><>纳斯达克综合< / ><>26700.68< / ><>26359.27< / ><>26402.42< / ><>-138.93< / ><>-0.52< / ><>27093.90< / ><>20794.64< / ><>23.1< / ><>13.6< / ><>24.4< / >< / ><><>纳斯达克-100< / ><>29752.78< / ><>29383.92< / ><>29433.43< / ><>-208.13< / ><>-0.70< / ><>30660.60< / ><>22953.38< / ><>25.7< / ><>16.6< / ><>25.0< / >< / ><>< colspan="11">S&P< / >< / ><><>500 指数< / ><>7771.48< / ><>7700.91< / ><>7711.76< / ><>-19.23< / ><>-0.25< / ><>7798.99< / ><>6343.72< / ><>19.4< / ><>12.7< / ><>20.3< / >< / ><><>中盘 400< / ><>3837.07< / ><>3778.92< / ><>3779.47< / ><>-45.77< / ><>-1.20< / ><>3926.98< / ><>3109.89< / ><>16.1< / ><>14.4< / ><>13.2< / >< / ><><>小盘 600< / ><>1789.60< / ><>1767.57< / ><>-14.96< / ><>-0.84< / ><>1828.54< / ><>1364.94< / ><>22.9< / ><>20.4< / ><>13.6< / >< / ><>< colspan="11">其他指数< / >< / ><><>罗素 2000< / ><>3017.04< / ><>2972.37< / ><>-41.97< / ><>-1.39< / ><>3068.42< / ><>2305.11< / ><>25.6< / ><>19.8< / ><>16.7< / >< / ><><>纽交所综合< / ><>24733.47< / ><>24548.73< / ><>24585.18< / ><>-63.85< / ><>-0.26< / ><>24821.68< / ><>20912.89< / ><>16.2< / ><>11.7< / ><>15.7< / >< / ><><>Value Line< / ><>692.31< / ><>685.06< / ><>685.69< / ><>-3.710< / ><>-0.54< / ><>702.60< / ><>590.50< / ><>8.7< / ><>9.1< / ><>6.8< / >< / ><><>纽交所 Arca 生物技术< / ><>9539.76< / ><>9294.08< / ><>9296.21< / ><>-243.55< / ><>-2.55< / ><>9539.76< / ><>5973.75< / ><>55.6< / ><>30.0< / ><>20.9< / >< / ><><>纽交所 Arca 制药< / ><>1264.92< / ><>1253.21< / ><>1260.97< / ><>-3.95< / ><>-0.31< / ><>1315.38< / ><>925.18< / ><>32.6< / ><>12.0< / ><>11.4< / >< / ><><>KBW 银行< / ><>188.14< / ><>186.70< / ><>187.17< / ><>0.53< / ><>< / ><>193.91< / ><>143.23< / ><>24.1< / ><>14.0< / ><>32.2< / >< / ><><>PHLX$< / >

黄金 / 白银< / td> 430.96< / ><>409.65< / ><>413.18< / ><>-15.37< / ><>-3.59< / ><>470.37< / ><>249.08< / ><>65.9< / ><>20.7< / ><>52.2< / >< / tr> <>PHLX$ 石油服务< / ><>104.49< / ><>102.80< / ><>104.41< / ><>1.10< / ><>< / ><>109.24< / ><>60.27< / ><>59.5< / ><>42.4< / ><>4.6< / >< / ><><>PHLX$ 半导体< / ><>11794.28< / ><>11435.70< / ><>11469.66< / ><>-412.51< / ><>-3.47< / ><>14634.72< / ><>5592.82< / ><>102.3< / ><>61.9< / ><>48.0< / >< / ><><>Cboe 波动率< / ><>14.84< / ><>14.13< / ><>14.43< / ><>-0.08< / ><>-0.55< / ><>31.05< / ><>13.47< / ><>-6.1< / ><>-3.5< / ><>-1.5< / >< / table>

国际股票指数 来源:FactSet;道琼斯市场数据

涨幅最大者...

<>< colspan="3">成交量、上涨数、下跌数< / >< / ><><>< / ><>纽约证券交易所 (NYSE)< / ><>纽约美国交易所 (NYSE Amer.)< / >< / ><><>总成交量< / ><>10.05亿< / ><>17,213,080< / >< / ><><>上涨成交量< / ><>4.39亿< / ><>2,942,047< / >< / ><><>下跌成交量< / ><>5.50亿< / ><>14,170,565< / >< / ><><>交易品种数< / ><>2,836< / ><>299< / >< / ><><>上涨数< / ><>1,160< / ><>105< / >< / ><><>下跌数< / ><>1,571< / ><>182< / >< / ><><>持平数< / ><>105< / ><>12< / >< / ><><>新高数< / ><>55< / ><>3< / >< / ><><>新低数< / ><>51< / ><>9< / >< / ><><>收盘 Arms 指数†< / ><>1.06< / ><>1.01< / >< / ><><>大宗交易< / ><>3,545< / ><>140< / >< / table>

<><>总成交量< / ><>84.58亿< / ><>3.13亿< / >< / ><><>上涨成交量< / ><>37.70亿< / ><>92,872,218< / >< / ><><>下跌成交量< / ><>46.42亿< / ><>2.20亿< / >< / ><><>交易品种数< / ><>5,081< / ><>2,691< / >< / ><><>上涨数< / ><>1,564< / ><>555< / >< / ><><>下跌数< / ><>3,331< / ><>2,103< / >< / ><><>持平数< / ><>186< / ><>33< / >< / ><><>新高数< / ><>117< / ><>85< / >< / ><><>新低数< / ><>154< / ><>26< / >< / ><><>收盘 Arms 指数†< / ><>0.58< / ><>0.62< / >< / ><><>大宗交易< / ><>60,229< / ><>1,374< / >< / table>

$^{a}$ 仅限主要市场 NYSE、NYSE American 和 NYSE Arca。$^{b}$ (TRIN) 上涨和下跌品种数量与上涨和下跌股票成交量的比较。Arms 指数低于 1 表示买盘需求;高于 1 表示抛售压力。

<>< rowspan="2">公司< / >< rowspan="2">代码< / >< colspan="3">最近交易日< / >< colspan="3">52周< / >< / ><><>收盘价< / ><>净变化< / ><>百分比变化< / ><>最高价< / ><>最低价< / ><>百分比变化< / >< / ><><>Pasqal Holding< / ><>PSQL< / ><>19.11< / ><>9.32< / ><>95.20< / ><>20.10< / ><>9.17< / ><>...< / >< / ><><>Swvl Holdings< / ><>SWVL< / ><>3.12< / ><>0.91< / ><>41.18< / ><>4.01< / ><>1.30< / ><>-8.5< / >< / ><><>TJGC Group< / ><>TJGC< / ><>9.90< / ><>1.96< / ><>24.69< / ><>10.19< / ><>1.46< / ><>115.7< / >< / ><><>YD Bio< / ><>YDES< / ><>4.80< / ><>0.93< / ><>24.03< / ><>25.00< / ><>1.70< / ><>-9.4< / >< / ><><>CBL

International< / ><>BANL< / ><>16.10< / ><>2.80< / ><>21.05< / ><>16.40< / ><>3.46< / ><>89.1< / >< / ><><>Elastic< / ><>ESTC< / ><>99.91< / ><>16.17< / ><>19.31< / ><>108.00< / ><>42.05< / ><>13.8< / >< / ><><>Reading Intl B< / ><>RDIB< / ><>18.31< / ><>2.91< / ><>18.90< / ><>24.00< / ><>8.00< / ><>39.9< / >< / ><><>Akari Therapeutics ADR< / ><>AKTX< / ><>10.70< / ><>1.69< / ><>18.76< / ><>49.60< / ><>3.02< / ><>-66.9< / >< / ><><>Quoin Pharm ADR< / ><>QNRX< / ><>6.12< / ><>0.97< / ><>18.72< / ><>41.80< / ><>3.25< / ><>-18.4< / >< / ><><>JELD-WEN Holding< / ><>JELD< / ><>2.53< / ><>0.35< / ><>16.06< / ><>6.98< / ><>0.93< / ><>-58.2< / >< / ><><>Defiance Tgt 2x Shrt

IONQ< / td><>IONZ< / ><>2.94< / ><>0.38< / ><>14.84< / ><>91.68< / ><>1.73< / ><>-96.3< / >< / tr> <>Aethlon Medical< / ><>AEMD< / ><>2.49< / ><>0.32< / ><>14.75< / ><>105.00< / ><>2.17< / ><>-97.6< / >< / ><><>Femasys< / ><>FEMY< / ><>3.20< / ><>0.41< / ><>14.70< / ><>22.20< / ><>2.02< / ><>-55.1< / >< / ><><>Defiance Dly Tgt 2x Sh< / ><>SMST< / ><>26.30< / ><>3.34< / ><>14.55< / ><>154.16< / ><>21.68< / ><>-6.6< / >< / ><><>Defiance Tgt 2X Shrt BMNR< / ><>BMNZ< / ><>6.66< / ><>0.84< / ><>14.43< / ><>47.99< / ><>5.18< / ><>...< / >< / table>

<><>地区 / 国家< / ><>指数< / ><>收盘价< / ><>净变化< / ><>最新涨跌幅 %< / ><>年初至今涨跌幅 %< / >< / ><>< rowspan="4">全球< / ><>MSCI ACWI< / ><>1153.16< / ><>-1.54< / ><>-0.13< / ><>13.7< / >< / ><><>MSCI ACWI (除美国)< / ><>486.53< / ><>0.55< / ><>< / ><>15.6< / >< / ><><> World< / ><>4986.16< / ><>-7.26< / ><>-0.15< / ><>12.5< / >< / ><><> 新兴市场< / ><>1722.14< / ><>-0.66< / ><>-0.04< / ><>22.6< / >< / ><><>美洲< / ><> AC Americas< / ><>2921.49< / ><>-8.754< / ><>-0.30< / ><>12.6< / >< / ><><>加拿大< / ><>S&P / TSX 综合指数< / ><>36553.92< / ><>-280.33< / ><>-0.76< / ><>15.3< / >< / ><><>拉丁美洲< / ><> EM 拉丁美洲< / ><>3030.68< / ><>-25.85< / ><>-0.85< / ><>11.9< / >< / ><><>巴西< / ><>Bovespa< / ><>175664.62< / ><>529.21< / ><>< / ><>9.0< / >< / ><><>智利< / ><>S&P IPSA< / ><>5763.57< / ><>-12.74< / ><>-0.22< / ><>6.3< / >< / ><><>墨西哥< / ><>S&P / BMV IPC< / ><>65484.32< / ><>-345.66< / ><>-0.53< / ><>1.8< / >< / ><><>欧洲、中东及非洲< / ><>STOXX Europe 600< / ><>655.16< / ><>3.31< / ><>< / ><>10.6< / >< / ><><>欧元区< / ><>Euro STOXX< / ><>681.21< / ><>5.20< / ><>< / ><>11.3< / >< / ><><>比利时< / ><>Bel-20< / ><>5869.08< / ><>30.41< / ><>< / ><>15.6< / >< / ><><>丹麦< / ><>OMX Copenhagen 20< / ><>1638.52< / ><>4.45< / ><>< / ><>1.9< / >< / ><><>法国< / ><>CAC 40< / ><>8401.18< / ><>81.31< / ><>< / ><>3.1< / >< / ><><>德国< / ><>DAX< / ><>26569.99< / ><>202.75< / ><>< / ><>8.5< / >< / ><><>以色列< / ><>特拉维夫指数< / ><>4172.26< / ><>-21.42< / ><>-0.51< / ><>14.9< / >< / ><><>意大利< / ><>FTSE MIB< / ><>52616.12< / ><>351.00< / ><>< / ><>17.1< / >< / ><><>荷兰< / ><>AEX< / ><>1112.28< / ><>8.90< / ><>< / ><>16.9< / >< / ><><>挪威< / ><>奥斯陆交易所全股指数< / ><>2488.42< / ><>11.62< / ><>< / ><>28.2< / >< / ><><>南非< / ><>FTSE / JSE 全股指数< / ><>118173.36< / ><>1367.12< / ><>< / ><>2.0< / >< / ><><>西班牙< / ><>IBEX 35< / ><>20041.90< / ><>160.30< / ><>< / ><>15.8< / >< / ><><>瑞典< / ><>OMX Stockholm< / ><>1154.65< / ><>3.65< / ><>< / ><>10.4< / >< / ><><>瑞士< / ><>瑞士市场指数< / ><>14399.77< / ><>15.40< / ><>< / ><>8.5< / >< / ><><>土耳其< / ><>BIST 100< / ><>14641.56< / ><>66.05< / ><>< / ><>30.0< / >< / ><><>英国< / ><>FTSE 100< / ><>10824.26< / ><>31.72< / ><>< / ><>9.0< / >< / ><><>英国< / ><>FTSE 250< / ><>24938.79< / ><>39.93< / ><>< / ><>11.0< / >< / ><><>亚太地区< / ><> AC Asia Pacific< / ><>278.10< / ><>0.42< / ><>< / ><>22.2< / >< / ><><>澳大利亚< / ><>S&P / ASX 200< / ><>9092.30< / ><>54.11< / ><>< / ><>4.3< / >< / ><><>中国< / ><>上证综合指数< / ><>3952.18< / ><>-4.39< / ><>-0.11< / ><>-0.4< / >< / ><><>香港< / ><>恒生指数< / ><>25584.79< / ><>19.05< / ><>< / ><>-0.2< / >< / ><><>印度< / ><>BSE Sensex< / ><>77264.51< / ><>330.92< / ><>< / ><>-9.3< / >< / ><><>日本< / ><>日经< / ><>

225< / td> 66405.56< / ><>273.58< / ><>< / ><>31.9< / >< / tr> <>新加坡< / ><>海峡时报指数< / ><>5699.93< / ><>15.81< / ><>< / ><>22.7< / >< / ><><>韩国< / ><>综合股价指数 (KOSPI)< / ><>6788.88< / ><>-123.49< / ><>-1.79< / ><>61.1< / >< / ><><>台湾< / ><>加权指数 (TAIEX)< / ><>46331.45< / ><>356.23< / ><>< / ><>60.0< / >< / ><><>泰国< / ><> SET 指数< / ><>1588.22< / ><>-12.48< / ><>-0.78< / ><>26.1< / >< / table>

数据来源:FactSet;道琼斯市场数据

大宗商品

<>< colspan="8">大宗商品< / >< / ><>< rowspan="2">< / >< colspan="3">周五< / >< colspan="3">52周< / >< rowspan="2">年初至今涨跌幅 %< / >< / ><><>收盘价< / ><>净变动< / ><>涨跌幅 %< / ><>最高价< / ><>最低价< / ><>涨跌幅 %< / >< / ><><>道琼斯大宗商品指数< / ><>1439.25< / ><>1.14< / ><>0.08< / ><>1467.33< / ><>1061.22< / ><>34.64< / ><>27.29< / >< / ><><>富时 / CC CRB 指数< / ><>406.36< / ><>1.19< / ><>0.29< / ><>406.36< / ><>291.69< / ><>34.40< / ><>36.01< / >< / ><><>原油,美元 / 桶< / ><>83.40< / ><>-0.13< / ><>-0.16< / ><>112.95< / ><>55.27< / ><>30.29< / ><>45.25< / >< / ><><>天然气,美元 / 百万英热单位 (MMBtu)< / ><>2.888< / ><>-0.026< / ><>-0.89< / ><>7.460< / ><>2.523< / ><>-3.64< / ><>-21.65< / >< / ><><>黄金,美元 / 金衡盎司< / ><>4478.10< / ><>-132.10< / ><>-2.87< / ><>5318.40< / ><>3473.70< / ><>28.91< / ><>3.53< / >< / table>

消费者利率与投资者回报

美国消费者利率

过去一年消费者利率与其基准利率的对比

利率项目< / td>< colspan="2">收益率 / 利率 (%)< / >< colspan="6">52周范围 (%)< / >< rowspan="2">3年变化(百分点)< / >< / tr><><>最新 (●)< / ><>一周前< / ><>最低< / ><>0< / ><>2< / ><>4< / ><>6< / ><>8< / >< / ><><>联邦基金目标利率< / ><>3.50-3.75< / ><>3.50< / ><>< / ><>4.50< / >< / ><><>最优惠利率*< / ><>6.75< / ><>< / ><>7.50< / >< / ><><>担保隔夜融资利率 (SOFR)< / ><>3.64< / ><>3.63< / ><>3.50< / ><>< / ><>4.51< / >< / ><><>货币市场年收益率< / ><>0.44< / ><>0.41< / ><>< / ><>0.45< / >< / ><><>五年期定期存款 (CD) 年收益率< / ><>1.74< / ><>1.67< / ><>< / ><>1.74< / >< / ><><>30年期固定抵押贷款†< / ><>6.70< / ><>6.67< / ><>6.11< / ><>< / ><>6.77< / >< / ><><>15年期固定抵押贷款†< / ><>6.15< / ><>6.13< / ><>5.55< / ><>< / ><>6.18< / >< / ><><>巨额抵押贷款,$832,750及以上†< / ><>6.76< / ><>6.73< / ><>6.34< / ><>< / ><>6.87< / >< / ><><>五年期可调利率抵押贷款 (ARM)†< / ><>6.06< / ><>5.98< / ><>5.66< / ><>< / ><>6.15< / >< / ><><>新车贷款,48个月< / ><>6.98< / ><>6.85< / ><>< / ><>7.19< / >< / table>

<><>Bankrate.com 平均值 $^1$ :< / ><>6.06%< / >< / ><><>佛罗伦萨储蓄银行 (Florence Savings Bank)< / ><>5.13%< / >< / ><><>马萨诸塞州佛罗伦萨< / ><>800-644-8261< / >< / ><><>圣迭戈县信用合作社 (San Diego County Credit Union)< / ><>5.25%< / >< / ><><>加利福尼亚州圣迭戈< / ><>877-732-2848< / >< / ><><>汉斯康联邦信用合作社 (Hanscom Federal Credit Union)< / ><>5.38%< / >< / ><><>马萨诸塞州汉斯康空军基地< / ><>800-656-4328< / >< / ><><>Schools First FCU< / ><>5.38%< / >< / ><><>加利福尼亚州圣安娜< / ><>714-258-4000< / >< / ><><>萨默塞特储蓄银行 (Somerset Savings Bank), SLA< / ><>5.63%< / >< / ><><>新泽西州邦布鲁克< / ><>732-560-1700< / >< / table>

跌幅最大者 Bankrate.com 利率基于对 1,500 多家在线银行的调查。*由全美 70% 的最大银行公布的基准利率。†不包括结清费用。 数据来源:FactSet;道琼斯市场数据;Bankrate.com

<>< rowspan="2">公司< / >< rowspan="2">代码< / >< colspan="3">最近交易日< / >< colspan="3">52周< / >< / ><><>收盘价< / ><>净变化< / ><>百分比变化< / ><>最高< / ><>最低< / ><>百分比变化< / >< / ><><>Wetour Robotics< / ><>WETO< / ><>5.72< / ><>-5.78< / ><>-50.26< / ><>251.00< / ><>2.70< / ><>-97.4< / >< / ><><>BioAtla< / ><>BCAB< / ><>1.74< / ><>-1.41< / ><>-44.75< / ><>71.50< / ><>1.51< / ><>-91.7< / >< / ><><>Propanc Biopharma< / ><>PPCB< / ><>1.35< / ><>-0.88< / ><>-39.46< / ><>85.50< / ><>0.95< / ><>-98.3< / >< / ><><>Cre8 Enterprise< / ><>CRE< / ><>3.91< / ><>-1.99< / ><>-33.73< / ><>14.64< / ><>1.68< / ><>-53.6< / >< / ><><>Profusa< / ><>PFSA< / ><>2.93< / ><>-1.31< / ><>-30.90< / ><>4500.00< / ><>2.74< / ><>-99.9< / >< / ><><>Antelope

Enterprise< / td> AEHL< / ><>3.54< / ><>-1.55< / ><>-30.45< / ><>808.39< / ><>2.98< / ><>-98.9< / >< / tr> <>Key Tronic< / ><>KTCC< / ><>2.76< / ><>-1.09< / ><>-28.31< / ><>4.42< / ><>2.40< / ><>-3.2< / >< / ><><>Singularity Future Tech< / ><>SGLY< / ><>1.47< / ><>-0.56< / ><>-27.59< / ><>20.30< / ><>1.33< / ><>-90.4< / >< / ><><>Direxion Dly PYPL Bull 2X< / ><>PYPU< / ><>31.96< / ><>-11.24< / ><>-26.01< / ><>44.63< / ><>19.84< / ><>...< / >< / ><><>Leverage 2X Lg PYPL Dly< / ><>PYPG< / ><>7.30< / ><>-2.53< / ><>-25.74< / ><>20.91< / ><>4.41< / ><>-57.9< / >< / ><><>Defiance Tgt 2X Lg IREN< / ><>IRE< / ><>7.32< / ><>-2.49< / ><>-25.38< / ><>124.68< / ><>5.70< / ><>...< / >< / ><><>Leverage 2X Lg IREN

Dly< / ><>IREG< / ><>5.96< / ><>-2.02< / ><>-25.31< / ><>41.60< / ><>4.57< / ><>...< / >< / ><><>Cellularity< / ><>CELU< / ><>1.58< / ><>-0.52< / ><>-24.76< / ><>4.00< / ><>0.56< / ><>-59.0< / >< / ><><>Leverage 2x Lg CRML Dly< / ><>CRMU< / ><>2.26< / ><>-0.65< / ><>-22.34< / ><>15.25< / ><>1.36< / ><>...< / >< / ><><>Beyond Air< / ><>XAIR< / ><>4.48< / ><>-1.22< / ><>-21.40< / ><>95.60< / ><>4.25< / ><>-89.7< / >< / table>

最活跃股票 * 每股价格在 \$2 或以上的普通股,且 65 个交易日的平均成交量至少为 5,000 股 †交易天数少于 65 天

<>< rowspan="2">公司< / >< rowspan="2">代码< / >< rowspan="2">成交量(000)< / >< rowspan="2">较65日均值变动%< / >< colspan="2">最新交易日< / >< colspan="2">52周< / >< / ><><>收盘价< / ><>变动%< / ><>最高< / ><>最低< / >< / ><><>FingerMotion< / ><>FNGR< / ><>1,230,506< / ><>3030.3< / ><>0.40< / ><>129.53< / ><>2.20< / ><>0.15< / >< / ><><>Lucas GC< / ><>LGCL< / ><>296,496< / ><>1011.2< / ><>0.04< / ><>-27.02< / ><>21.20< / ><>0.03< / >< / ><><>Core AI

Holdings< / ><>CHAI< / ><>293,946< / ><>3253.0< / ><>0.40< / ><>57.11< / ><>15.68< / ><>0.23< / >< / ><><>Cyabra< / ><>CYAB< / ><>212,113< / ><>18144.1< / ><>0.45< / ><>45.36< / ><>14.91< / ><>0.25< / >< / ><><>NVIDIA< / ><>NVDA< / ><>193,755< / ><>36.3< / ><>217.55< / ><>-4.57< / ><>236.54< / ><>164.07< / >< / table>

外汇赛跑 国债收益率曲线 当前短期国库券、 中期国债和长期债券的到期收益率 日元、欧元兑美元;美元兑美国主要贸易伙伴货币

追踪市场:赢家与输家 回顾本周全球选定股票指数、债券 ETF、货币和商品的表现。

来源:Tradeweb FTSE 美国国债收盘价;Tullett Prebon;道琼斯市场数据

企业借贷利率与收益率

<>< rowspan="2">债券总回报指数< / >< rowspan="2">收盘价< / >< colspan="2">收益率 (%)< / >< colspan="2">52周< / >< colspan="2">总回报 (%)< / >< / ><><>最新< / ><>一周前< / ><>最高< / ><>最低< / ><>52周< / ><>3年< / >< / ><><>U.S. Treasury Bloomberg< / ><>2323.440< / ><>4.610< / ><>4.550< / ><>4.610< / ><>3.750< / ><>1.199< / ><>3.452< / >< / ><><>U.S. Treasury Long Bloomberg< / ><>3133.650< / ><>5.200< / ><>5.260< / ><>5.300< / ><>4.520< / ><>-0.058< / ><>0.680< / >< / ><><>Aggregate, Bloomberg< / ><>2243.860< / ><>4.990< / ><>4.960< / ><>5.000< / ><>4.160< / ><>1.861< / ><>4.363< / >< / ><><>Fixed-Rate MBS, Bloomberg< / ><>2254.140< / ><>5.260< / ><>5.250< / ><>5.300< / ><>4.380< / ><>3.080< / ><>4.905< / >< / ><><>High Yield 100, ICE

BofA< / td> 4214.998< / ><>6.191< / ><>6.314< / ><>7.136< / ><>5.828< / ><>4.013< / ><>8.325< / >< / tr> <>Muni Master, ICE BofA< / ><>618.882< / ><>3.684< / ><>3.645< / ><>3.684< / ><>3.037< / ><>3.878< / ><>3.278< / >< / ><><>EMBI Global, J.P. Morgan< / ><>1042.027< / ><>6.696< / ><>6.738< / ><>7.099< / ><>6.403< / ><>7.187< / ><>9.533< / >< / table>

数据来源:摩根大通(J.P. Morgan);彭博固定收益指数(Bloomberg Fixed Income Indices);ICE数据服务(ICE Data Services) 数据来源:FactSet(指数、债券ETF、大宗商品),Tullett Prebon(货币)。《华尔街日报》

计算方法

业绩表现反映价格变动(DAX、Bovespa 和特拉维夫 35 除外,后者反映总回报)。大宗商品由连续近月期货合约代表。债券交易所交易基金(ETF)的业绩可能与其底层指数有所偏差。债券类别由以下 ETF 代表:美国债券总市场:Vanguard Total Bond Market;1-3 年期美国国债:iShares 1-3 Year Treasury;美国 7-10 年期国债:iShares 7-10 Year Treasury;20 年期及以上美国国债:20+ Year Treasury;美国国债抗通胀债券 (TIPS):TIPS;投资级公司债券:iBoxx $ Investment Grade Corporate;高收益公司债券:iBoxx $ High Yield Corporate;市政债券:National Muni;国际债券:Vanguard Total International;新兴市场债券:J.P. Morgan USD Emerging Markets。

汇率

美国东部时间下午 5 点的美元外汇汇率

国家 / 货币< / td><>折合美元 (US$)< / ><>周五每美元汇率< / ><>美元对比年初涨跌幅 (%)< / >< / tr><>< colspan="4">美洲< / >< / ><><>阿根廷比索< / ><>.00071512.7178< / ><>< / ><>4.2< / >< / ><><>巴西雷亚尔< / ><>.1925< / ><>5.1940< / ><>-5.9< / >< / ><><>加拿大元< / ><>.7191< / ><>1.3906< / ><>1.3< / >< / ><><>智利比索< / ><>.001074< / ><>931.01< / ><>3.4< / >< / ><><>哥伦比亚比索< / ><>.000311< / ><>3211.02< / ><>-14.8< / >< / ><><>厄瓜多尔美元< / ><>1< / ><>持平< / >< / ><><>墨西哥比索< / ><>.0587< / ><>17.0350< / ><>-5.4< / >< / ><><>乌拉圭比索< / ><>.02483< / ><>40.2780< / ><>3.1< / >< / table>

<><>澳大利亚元< / ><>.7164< / ><>1.3959< / ><>-6.8< / >< / ><><>中国人民币< / ><>.1487< / ><>6.7268< / ><>-3.8< / >< / ><><>香港元< / ><>.1276< / ><>7.8401< / ><>0.7< / >< / ><><>印度卢比< / ><>.01047< / ><>95.489< / ><>6.3< / >< / ><><>印度尼西亚卢比< / ><>.0000563< / ><>17756< / ><>6.4< / >< / ><><>日元< / ><>.006247< / ><>160.08< / ><>2.2< / >< / ><><>哈萨克斯坦坚戈< / ><>.002157< / ><>463.54< / ><>-8.6< / >< / ><><>澳门帕塔卡< / ><>.1238< / ><>8.0775< / ><>0.7< / >< / ><><>马来西亚林吉特< / ><>.2484< / ><>4.0259< / ><>-0.8< / >< / ><><>新西兰元< / ><>.5914< / ><>1.6909< / ><>-2.7< / >< / ><><>巴基斯坦卢比< / ><>.00360< / ><>277.600< / ><>-0.9< / >< / ><><>菲律宾比索< / ><>.0160< / ><>62.371< / ><>5.9< / >< / ><><>新加坡元< / ><>.7846< / ><>1.2746< / ><>-0.9< / >< / ><><>韩国韩元< / ><>.0007263< / ><>1376.81< / ><>-4.4< / >< / ><><>斯里兰卡卢比< / ><>.0030486< / ><>328.02< / ><>5.9< / >< / ><><>台湾元< / ><>.03160< / ><>31.644< / ><>0.9< / >< / ><><>泰国铢< / ><>.03018< / ><>33.140< / ><>5.2< / >< / table>

<><>国家 / 货币< / ><>折合美元 (US$)< / ><>周五每美元汇率< / ><>年初至今涨跌幅 (%)< / >< / ><><>越南盾< / ><>.00003835< / ><>26073< / ><>-0.9< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">欧洲< / >< / ><><>捷克克朗< / ><>.04799< / ><>20.838< / ><>1.3< / >< / ><><>丹麦克朗< / ><>.1550< / ><>6.4532< / ><>1.5< / >< / ><><>欧元区欧元< / ><>1.1586< / ><>.8631< / ><>1.4< / >< / ><><>匈牙利福林< / ><>.003173< / ><>315.15< / ><>-3.7< / >< / ><><>冰岛克朗< / ><>.008238< / ><>121.39< / ><>-3.1< / >< / ><><>挪威克朗< / ><>.1066< / ><>9.3767< / ><>-7.0< / >< / ><><>波兰兹罗提< / ><>.2668< / ><>3.7487< / ><>4.4< / >< / ><><>瑞典克朗< / ><>.1041< / ><>9.6052< / ><>4.3< / >< / ><><>瑞士法郎< / ><>1.2352< / ><>.8096< / ><>2.1< / >< / ><><>土耳其里拉< / ><>.0207< / ><>48.2358< / ><>12.3< / >< / ><><>乌克兰格里夫纳< / ><>.0224< / ><>44.6500< / ><>5.4< / >< / ><><>英镑< / ><>1.3538< / ><>.7387< / ><>-0.5< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">中东 / 非洲< / >< / ><><>巴林第纳尔< / ><>2.6523< / ><>.3770< / ><>0.02< / >< / ><><>埃及镑< / ><>.0199< / ><>50.2570< / ><>5.3< / >< / ><><>以色列谢克尔< / ><>.3347< / ><>2.9881< / ><>-6.2< / >< / ><><>科威特第纳尔< / ><>3.2372< / ><>.3089< / ><>0.3< / >< / ><><>阿曼里亚尔< / ><>2.6007< / ><>.3845< / ><>-0.1< / >< / ><><>卡塔尔里亚尔< / ><>.2744< / ><>3.644< / ><>-0.3< / >< / ><><>沙特阿拉伯里亚尔< / ><>.2664< / ><>3.7532< / ><>0.1< / >< / ><><>南非兰特< / ><>.0618< / ><>16.1709< / ><>-2.4< / >< / table>

< / td><>收盘价< / ><>净变动< / ><>% 变动< / ><>年初至今 % 变动< / >< / tr><><>WSJ美元指数< / ><>95.90< / ><>0.36< / ><>0.38< / ><>-0.02< / >< / ><>< colspan="5">来源:Tullett Prebon, 道琼斯市场数据 5< / >< / table>

Polymarket / 道琼斯合作伙伴

预测市场:2026年美联储将进行多少次降息?本市场将根据美联储在2026年实际进行的每次25个基点的降息次数来结算。

市场数据

期货合约

商业票据 (AA 级财务) 国债拍卖 金属与石油期货

< / td>< colspan="5">合约< / ><>持仓量< / >< / tr><><>开盘< / ><>最高< / ><>高低< / ><>最低< / ><>结算< / ><>涨跌< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">铜-高 (CMX)-25,000 磅;美元 / 磅< / >< / ><><>9月< / ><>6.5900< / ><>6.6445< / ><>< / ><>6.5340< / ><>6.5620< / ><>-0.0275< / >< / ><><>12月< / ><>6.6905< / ><>6.7460< / ><>< / ><>6.6280< / ><>6.6590< / ><>-0.0300< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">黄金 (CMX)-100 金衡盎司;美元 / 金衡盎司< / >< / ><><>9月< / ><>4599.30< / ><>4625.50< / ><>< / ><>4451.80< / ><>4478.10< / ><>-132.10< / >< / ><><>10月< / ><>4618.70< / ><>4650.80< / ><>< / ><>4460.30< / ><>4494.70< / ><>-133.10< / >< / ><><>11月< / ><>4636.30< / ><>4649.80< / ><>< / ><>4487.50< / ><>4513.20< / ><>-133.70< / >< / ><><>12月< / ><>4656.00< / ><>4688.00< / ><>< / ><>4495.00< / ><>4529.90< / ><>-134.10< / >< / ><><>27年1月< / ><>4682.20< / ><>< / ><>4534.50< / ><>4549.50< / ><>-134.20< / >< / ><><>2月< / ><>4692.30< / ><>4721.20< / ><>< / ><>4531.70< / ><>4566.40< / ><>-134.40< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">钯金 (NYM) - 50 金衡盎司;美元 / 金衡盎司< / >< / ><><>9月< / ><>1353.00< / ><>1469.50< / ><>< / ><>1348.50< / ><>1428.60< / ><>89.90< / >< / ><><>12月< / ><>1369.50< / ><>1491.50< / ><>< / ><>1361.50< / ><>1446.90< / ><>91.20< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">铂金 (NYM)-50 金衡盎司;美元 / 金衡盎司< / >< / ><><>9月< / ><>1853.00< / ><>1887.90< / ><>< / ><>1853.00< / ><>1847.60< / ><>1.20< / >< / ><><>10月< / ><>1853.40< / ><>1910.70< / ><>< / ><>1829.50< / ><>1854.30< / ><>0.50< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">白银 (CMX)-5,000 金衡盎司;美元 / 金衡盎司< / >< / ><><>9月< / ><>69.350< / ><>71.160< / ><>< / ><>66.230< / ><>66.995< / ><>-2.436< / >< / ><><>12月< / ><>70.045< / ><>72.050< / ><>< / ><>66.830< / ><>67.786< / ><>-2.453< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">原油,轻质甜原油 (NYM)-1,000 桶;美元 / 桶< / >< / ><><>10月< / ><>83.67< / ><>83.78< / ><>< / ><>82.25< / ><>83.40< / ><>-0.13< / >< / ><><>11月< / ><>82.01< / ><>82.17< / ><>< / ><>80.80< / ><>81.83< / ><>-0.14< / >< / ><><>12月< / ><>80.08< / ><>80.17< / ><>< / ><>79.02< / ><>80.00< / ><>-0.11< / >< / ><><>27年1月< / ><>78.23< / ><>78.34< / ><>< / ><>77.31< / ><>78.29< / ><>-0.04< / >< / ><><>6月< / ><>72.79< / ><>73.10< / ><>< / ><>72.23< / ><>73.07< / ><>0.08< / >< / ><><>12月< / ><>70.33< / ><>70.59< / ><>< / ><>69.92< / ><>70.56< / ><>0.08< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">纽约港超低硫柴油 ULSD (NYM)-42,000 加仑;美元 / 加仑< / >< / ><><>9月< / ><>4.2769< / ><>4.3698< / ><>< / ><>4.2629< / ><>4.3567< / ><>.0780< / >< / ><><>10月< / ><>4.1646< / ><>4.2554< / ><>< / ><>4.1509< / ><>4.2490< / ><>.0737< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">汽油-纽约 RBOB (NYM)-42,000 加仑;美元 / 加仑< / >< / ><><>9月< / ><>3.3773< / ><>3.5139< / ><>▲< / ><>3.3728< / ><>3.4899< / ><>.1057< / >< / ><><>10月< / ><>2.9868< / ><>3.0720< / ><>< / ><>2.9716< / ><>3.0502< / ><>.0598< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">天然气 (NYM)-10,000 MMBtu;美元 / < / >

MMBtu.< / td>< / tr> Oct< / ><>2.906< / ><>2.932< / ><>< / ><>2.836< / ><>2.888< / ><>-.026< / >< / ><><>Nov< / ><>3.069< / ><>3.086< / ><>< / ><>3.006< / ><>3.035< / ><>-.036< / >< / ><><>Dec< / ><>3.570< / ><>3.596< / ><>< / ><>3.510< / ><>3.525< / ><>-.056< / >< / ><><>Jan'27< / ><>3.973< / ><>3.994< / ><>< / ><>3.921< / ><>3.937< / ><>-.042< / >< / ><><>March< / ><>2.948< / ><>2.960< / ><>< / ><>2.903< / ><>2.921< / ><>-.028< / >< / ><><>April< / ><>2.804< / ><>2.820< / ><>< / ><>2.771< / ><>2.786< / ><>-.027< / >< / table>

<>< rowspan="2">< / >< colspan="4">合约< / >< rowspan="2">涨跌< / >< rowspan="2">持仓量< / >< / ><><>开盘< / ><>最高 / 最低< / ><>最低< / ><>结算< / >< / ><><>Dec< / ><>531.50< / ><>541.25▲< / ><>530.75< / ><>536.50< / ><>3.00< / ><>959,316< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">燕麦 (CBT)-5,000 蒲式耳;每蒲式耳美分< / >< / ><><>Sept< / ><>334.75< / ><>351.50< / ><>334.75< / ><>348.75< / ><>14.00< / ><>91< / >< / ><><>Dec< / ><>360.25< / ><>377.00< / ><>360.25< / ><>374.75< / ><>12.00< / ><>2,612< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">大豆 (CBT)-5,000 蒲式耳;每蒲式耳美分< / >< / ><><>Sept< / ><>1257.50< / ><>1278.25▲< / ><>1257.50< / ><>1276.25< / ><>19.75< / ><>5,399< / >< / ><><>Nov< / ><>1270.00< / ><>1290.00▲< / ><>1269.25< / ><>1288.00< / ><>20.00< / ><>473,099< / >< / ><><

colspan="7">豆粕 (CBT)-100 吨;每吨美元< / >< / ><><>Sept< / ><>328.50< / ><>341.70▲< / ><>327.40< / ><>338.20< / ><>8.00< / ><>7,574< / >< / ><><>Dec< / ><>339.60< / ><>352.20▲< / ><>337.80< / ><>348.90< / ><>8.00< / ><>295,915< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">大豆油 (CBT)-60,000 磅;每磅美分< / >< / ><><>Sept< / ><>68.81< / ><>70.89< / ><>68.72< / ><>70.59< / ><>2.59< / ><>10,789< / >< / ><><>Dec< / ><>69.39< / ><>71.28< / ><>69.20< / ><>71.06< / ><>2.55< / ><>248,011< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">粗米 (CBT)-2,000 兴得韦特;每兴得韦特美元< / >< / ><><>Sept< / ><>14.87< / ><>15.13▲< / ><>14.81< / ><>15.06< / ><>21< / ><>1,284< / >< / ><><>Nov< / ><>15.36< / ><>15.67▲< / ><>15.31< / ><>15.55< / ><>21< / ><>11,281< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">小麦 (CBT)-5,000 蒲式耳;每蒲式耳美分< / >< / ><><>Sept< / ><>739.50< / ><>773.00▲< / ><>737.50< / ><>767.00< / ><>24.25< / ><>6,113< / >< / ><><>Dec< / ><>758.25< / ><>790.25▲< / ><>754.75< / ><>784.00< / ><>23.25< / ><>268,773< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">小麦 (KC)-5,000 蒲式耳;每蒲式耳美分< / >< / ><><>Sept< / ><>799.00< / ><>832.50▲< / ><>798.50< / ><>827.75< / ><>24.25< / ><>3,725< / >< / ><><>Dec< / ><>821.25< / ><>852.00▲< / ><>816.25< / ><>844.25< / ><>22.25< / ><>174,467< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">肥牛 (CME)-50,000 磅;每磅美分< / >< / ><><>Sept< / ><>322.875< / ><>323.600< / ><>320.025< / ><>320.900< / ><>-1.550< / ><>9,062< / >< / ><><>Oct< / ><>318.750< / ><>319.250< / ><>315.150< / ><>316.525< / ><>-1.550< / ><>25,343< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">活牛 (CME)-40,000 磅;每磅美分< / >< / >

lb.< / td>< / tr> Aug< / ><>221.000< / ><>221.350< / ><>218.850< / ><>219.250< / ><>-1.050< / ><>430< / >< / ><><>Oct< / ><>213.500< / ><>214.000< / ><>210.825< / ><>211.725< / ><>-1.200< / ><>110,030< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">瘦肉猪 (CME)-40,000 磅;每磅美分< / >< / ><><>Oct< / ><>80.525< / ><>81.975< / ><>79.800< / ><>81.900< / ><>1.275< / ><>130,518< / >< / ><><>Dec< / ><>71.125< / ><>72.375< / ><>70.500< / ><>72.300< / ><>1.100< / ><>72,140< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">木材 (CME)-27,500 板英尺;每 1,000 板英尺美元< / >< / ><><>Sept< / ><>557.00< / ><>567.50▼< / ><>556.00< / ><>567.50< / ><>8.00< / ><>2,073< / >< / ><><>Nov< / ><>553.50< / ><>557.00▼< / ><>550.00< / ><>556.00< / ><>3.00< / ><>7,785< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">牛奶 (CME)-200,000 磅;每磅美分< / >< / ><><>Aug< / ><>16.66< / ><>16.68< / ><>16.64< / ><>16.66< / ><>-.01< / ><>4,690< / >< / ><><>Sept< / ><>16.35< / ><>16.54▼< / ><>16.17< / ><>16.41< / ><>.08< / ><>6,254< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">可可 (ICE-US)-10 公吨;每吨美元< / >< / ><><>Sept< / ><>6,500< / ><>6,675▲< / ><>6,491< / ><>6,527< / ><>372< / ><>227< / >< / ><><>Dec< / ><>6,243< / ><>6,687▲< / ><>6,211< / ><>6,648< / ><>475< / ><>78,299< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">咖啡 (ICE-US)-37,500 磅;每磅美分< / >< / ><><>Sept< / ><>347.95< / ><>345.85< / ><>3.95< / ><>124< / >< / ><><>Dec< / ><>311.50< / ><>317.00< / ><>308.70< / ><>312.85< / ><>3.20< / ><>88,482< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">全球糖 (ICE-US)-112,000 磅;每磅美分< / >< / ><><>Oct< / ><>18.20< / ><>18.66▲< / ><>17.44< / ><>17.56< / ><>-.63< / ><>464,864< / >< / table>

农业期货

<>< colspan="7">玉米 (CBT)-5,000 蒲式耳;每蒲式耳美分< / >< / ><><>Sept< / ><>508.00< / ><>517.50< / ><>▲< / ><>507.25< / ><>512.00< / ><>1.75< / >< / table>

交易所交易基金组合 / wsj.com / market-data / mutualfunds-etfs

规模最大的 100 只交易所交易基金,最新交易时段。

d>-1.4< / td>< / tr> iShCoreDivGrowth< / ><>DGRO< / ><>79.36< / ><>0.10< / ><>14.3< / >< / ><><>iShCoreMSCIEAFE< / ><>IEFA< / ><>100.49< / ><>-0.28< / ><>12.3< / >< / ><><>iShCoreMSCIEM< / ><>IEMG< / ><>81.82< / ><>-0.73< / ><>21.7< / >< / ><><>iShMSCIntlDev< / ><>IDEV< / ><>92.89< / ><>-0.39< / ><>12.6< / >< / ><><>iShCoreMSCITotInt< / ><>IXUS< / ><>97.71< / ><>-0.47< / ><>15.4< / >< / ><><>iShCoreS&P500< / ><>IVV< / ><>773.00< / ><>-0.23< / ><>12.9< / >< / ><><>iShCoreS&P MC< / ><>IJH< / ><>75.76< / ><>-1.16< / ><>14.8< / >< / ><><>&;P SC< / ><>IJR< / ><>145.58< / ><>-0.82< / ><>21.1< / >< / ><><>&;P

TotUS< / ><>ITOT< / ><>168.47< / ><>-0.32< / ><>13.3< / >< / ><><>&;PUSGrw< / ><>IUSG< / ><>191.23< / ><>-0.58< / ><>13.9< / >< / ><><>&;PUSVal< / ><>IUSV< / ><>114.89< / ><>0.10< / ><>12.0< / >< / ><><>iShCoreUSAggBd< / ><>AGG< / ><>97.49< / ><>-0.35< / ><>-2.4< / >< / ><><>iShCoreUnivUSDbD< / ><>IUSB< / ><>45.49< / ><>-0.28< / ><>-2.3< / >< / ><><>iShEdgeMSCIUSAQual< / ><>QUAL< / ><>223.62< / ><>-0.44< / ><>12.6< / >< / ><><>iShGoldTr< / ><>IAU< / ><>83.82< / ><>-3.23< / ><>3.3< / >< / ><><>iShiBoxxSIGCpBd< / ><>LQD< / ><>106.35< / ><>-0.36< / ><>-3.5< / >< / ><><>iShMBS< / ><>MBB< / ><>93.17< / ><>-0.37< / ><>-2.2< / >< / ><><>iShMSCIACWI< / ><>ACWI< / ><>161.09< / ><>-0.27< / ><>13.9< / >< / ><><>iShMSCI

EAFE< / ><>EFA< / ><>107.72< / ><>-0.28< / ><>12.2< / >< / ><><>iShMSCI EM< / ><>EEM< / ><>67.14< / ><>-0.70< / ><>22.7< / >< / ><><>iShMSCIEAFEValue< / ><>EFV< / ><>81.75< / ><>-0.02< / ><>14.5< / >< / ><><>iShNatlMuniBd< / ><>MUB< / ><>105.22< / ><>-0.16< / ><>-1.8< / >< / table>

r><><>VangdMstarMC< / ><>VO< / ><>82.50< / ><>-0.71< / ><>13.7< / >< / ><><>VangdMstarSC< / ><>VB< / ><>300.75< / ><>-1.16< / ><>16.6< / >< / ><><>VangdMstarSCVal< / ><>VBR< / ><>246.81< / ><>-0.62< / ><>16.5< / >< / ><><>VangdMstarTot< / ><>VTI< / ><>379.36< / ><>-0.33< / ><>13.2< / >< / ><><>VangdMstarVal< / ><>DTV< / ><>225.29< / ><>-0.07< / ><>18.0< / >< / ><><>VangdRealEst< / ><>VNQ< / ><>97.24< / ><>-0.42< / ><>9.9< / >< / ><><>VangdRuss1000Grw< / ><>VONG< / ><>126.38< / ><>-0.97< / ><>3.8< / >< / ><><>VangdS&;P500ETF< / ><>VOO< / ><>707.24< / ><>-0.21< / ><>12.8< / >< / ><><>VangdST

Bond< / ><>BSV< / ><>77.49< / ><>-0.22< / ><>-1.7< / >< / ><><>VangdSTCpBd< / ><>VCSH< / ><>78.51< / ><>-0.26< / ><>-1.5< / >< / ><><>VangdShortTrea< / ><>VGSH< / ><>58.05< / ><>-0.18< / ><>-1.2< / >< / ><><>VangdTaxExemptBd< / ><>VTEB< / ><>49.40< / ><>-0.16< / ><>-1.8< / >< / ><><>VangdTotalBd< / ><>BND< / ><>72.31< / ><>-0.32< / ><>-2.4< / >< / ><><>VangdTotIntlBd< / ><>BNDX< / ><>47.60< / ><>-0.21< / ><>-1.5< / >< / ><><>VangdTotIntlStk< / ><>VXUS< / ><>87.52< / ><>-0.47< / ><>16.0< / >< / ><><>VangdTotWrldStk< / ><>VT< / ><>161.01< / ><>-0.35< / ><>14.1< / >< / table>

60.02< / td><>-4.38< / ><>-6.8< / >< / tr> <>iSh20+YtreaBd< / ><>TLT< / ><>82.88< / ><>-0.30< / ><>-4.9< / >< / ><><>iShUSEqFactRotat< / ><>DYNF< / ><>69.59< / ><>-0.19< / ><>14.4< / >< / ><><>iShUSTreasuryBd< / ><>GOVT< / ><>22.46< / ><>-0.31< / ><>-2.5< / >< / ><><>iSh0-3MTreaBd< / ><>SGOV< / ><>100.69< / ><>0.03< / ><>0.3< / >< / ><><>JPMNasdEqPrem< / ><>JEPQ< / ><>60.15< / ><>-0.27< / ><>3.5< / >< / ><><>JanusAAACLO< / ><>JAAA< / ><>50.70< / ><>...< / ><>0.2< / >< / ><><>JPMEqPremiumlncme< / ><>JEPI< / ><>57.79< / ><>-0.10< / ><>1.0< / >< / ><><>JPM UltShlncm< / ><>JPST< / ><>50.54< / ><>-0.02< / ><>-0.1< / >< / ><><>ProShUltPrQQQ< / ><>TQQQ< / ><>71.85< / ><>-1.98< / ><>36.3< / >< / ><><>SPDRGoldMini< / ><>GLDM< / ><>88.20< / ><>-3.26< / ><>3.3< / >< / ><><>SPDR Gold< / ><>GLD< / ><>408.89< / ><>-3.24< / ><>3.2< / >< / ><><>SchwabIntEquity< / ><>SCHF< / ><>28.30< / ><>-0.42< / ><>17.7< / >< / ><><>SchwabUS BrdMkt< / ><>SCHB< / ><>29.70< / ><>-0.37< / ><>13.2< / >< / ><><>SchwabUS Div< / ><>SCHD< / ><>34.90< / ><>0.20< / ><>27.2< / >< / ><><>SchwabUS LC< / ><>SCHX< / ><>30.34< / ><>-0.23< / ><>12.7< / >< / ><><>SchwabUS LC Grw< / ><>SCHG< / ><>35.78< / ><>-0.22< / ><>9.7< / >< / ><><>SSEnergySel< / ><>XLE< / ><>62.68< / ><>0.63< / ><>40.2< / >< / ><><>SSFinlSel< / ><>XLF< / ><>58.10< / ><>0.38< / ><>6.1< / >< / ><><>SSHlthCrSel< / ><>XLV< / ><>171.16< / ><>-0.24< / ><>10.6< / >< / ><><>SSIndlSel< / ><>XLI< / ><>177.14< / ><>-0.93< / ><>14.2< / >< / ><><>SSSPDRBbg1-3M< / ><>BIL< / ><>91.65< / ><>0.02< / ><>0.3< / >< / ><><>SS SPDR DJIA< / ><>DIA< / ><>535.06< / ><>-0.03< / ><>11.3< / >< / ><><>SSSPDRDevxUS< / ><>SPDW< / ><>51.83< / ><>-0.40< / ><>16.7< / >< / table>

借贷基准 / wsj.com / market-data / bonds / benchmarks

货币利率

2026年8月28日

美国及国际市场借贷资金的主要年度利率。以下利率仅作为一般水平的参考,并不总是代表实际交易。

通货膨胀< / td>< / tr><><>< / ><>7月指数水平< / ><>较 2026年6月 2025年7月 变化 (%)< / >< / table>

美国消费者价格指数

<><>< colspan="4">美国消费者价格指数< / >< / ><><>所有项目< / ><>333.918< / ><>-0.01< / ><>3.4< / >< / ><><>核心< / ><>337.133< / ><>0.07< / ><>2.5< / >< / >

<><>< rowspan="2">< / >< rowspan="2">最新< / >< rowspan="2">一周前< / >< colspan="2">—52周—< / >< / ><><>最高< / ><>最低< / >< / ><><>英国< / ><>3.75< / ><>4.00< / ><>3.75< / >< / ><><>澳大利亚< / ><>4.35< / ><>3.60< / >< / >

国际利率

<><><>< / ><>最新< / ><>一周前< / ><>-52周-最高< / ><>最低< / >< / ><><>13周< / ><>3.715< / ><>4.100< / ><>3.540< / >< / ><><>26周< / ><>3.790< / ><>3.780< / ><>3.945< / ><>3.475< / >< / >

<><>< colspan="5">隔夜回购< / >< / ><><>美国< / ><>3.69< / ><>3.67< / ><>4.45< / ><>3.49< / >< / >

<><><>< / ><>最新< / ><>一周前< / ><>-52周-最高< / ><>最低< / >< / ><>< colspan="5">最优惠利率< / >< / ><><>美国< / ><>6.75< / ><>7.50< / ><>6.75< / >< / ><><>加拿大< / ><>4.45< / ><>4.95< / ><>4.45< / >< / ><><>日本< / ><>2.375< / ><>1.875< / >< / ><>< colspan="5">政策利率< / >< / ><><>欧元区< / ><>2.40< / ><>2.15< / >< / ><><>瑞士< / ><>0.25< / ><>0.50< / ><>0.25< / >< / >

其他短期利率

<><>< colspan="4">美国政府利率< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">贴现率< / >< / ><><>< / ><>3.75< / ><>4.50< / >< / >

<><>< colspan="5">联邦基金利率< / >< / ><><>有效利率< / ><>3.6400< / ><>4.3300< / ><>3.6300< / >< / ><><>最高< / ><>3.7000< / ><>4.5500< / ><>3.7000< / >< / ><><>最低< / ><>3.5500< / ><>4.3200< / ><>3.5500< / >< / ><><>买入价< / ><>3.6300< / ><>4.3200< / ><>3.6100< / >< / ><><>卖出价< / ><>3.6400< / ><>4.3300< / ><>3.6300< / >< / >

<><><>4周< / ><>3.650< / ><>3.640< / ><>4.245< / ><>3.550< / >< / >

<><>< colspan="4">担保隔夜融资利率< / >< / ><><>< / ><>3.64< / ><>3.63< / ><>4.51< / >< / ><><>< / ><>最新< / ><>交易额< / ><>-52周-最高 最低< / >< / >

DTCC GCF 回购指数 美国最优惠利率是至少 70% 的美国 10 大银行公布的公司贷款基准利率,自 2025年12月11日 起生效。其他最优惠利率不具有直接可比性;贷款实践因地区而异;贴现率自 2025年12月11日 起生效。担保隔夜融资利率截至 2026年8月27日。DTCC GCF 回购指数是美国证券托管结算公司(DTCC)对适用 CUSIP 隔夜交易的加权平均值。交易额以 10 亿美元为单位。联邦基金利率为截至东部时间下午 3:30 的 Tullett Prebon 利率。

<><><>国债< / ><>3.687< / ><>53.400< / ><>4.492< / ><>3.504< / >< / ><><>抵押贷款支持证券 (MBS)< / ><>3.693< / ><>79.128< / ><>4.623< / ><>3.517< / >< / >

每周调查 数据来源:美联储;劳工统计局;DTCC;FactSet;Tullett Prebon Information, Ltd.

< / td><>最新< / ><>一周前< / ><>一年前< / >< / tr><>< colspan="4">房地美 (Freddie Mac) 4< / >< / ><><>30年期固定利率< / ><>6.66< / ><>6.65< / ><>6.56< / >< / ><><>15年期固定利率< / ><>5.98< / ><>5.95< / ><>5.69< / >< / table>

分红变更

公司< / td><>代码< / ><>收益率 %< / ><>金额 新 / 旧< / ><>频率< / ><>支付日 / 记录日< / >< / tr><>< colspan="6">增加< / >< / ><><>Altria Group< / ><>MO< / ><>6.2< / ><>111 / 1.06< / ><>Q< / ><>10月09 / 9月15< / >< / ><><>EastGroup Properties< / ><>EGP< / ><>3.1< / ><>1.75 / 1.55< / ><>Q< / ><>10月15 / 9月30< / >< / ><><>Lam Research< / ><>LRCX< / ><>0.3< / ><>.33 / .26< / ><>Q< / ><>10月14 / 9月23< / >< / ><><>Nordson< / ><>NDSN< / ><>1.2< / ><>.94 / .82< / ><>Q< / ><>10月02 / 9月10< / >< / ><><>STRATS Allstate 2006-3< / ><>GJT< / ><>5.3< / ><>.098 / .09642< / ><>M< / ><>9月01 / 8月31< / >< / ><><>TFS Financial< / ><>TFSL< / ><>6.4< / ><>.3175 / .2825< / ><>Q< / ><>9月23 / 9月09< / >< / ><>< colspan="6">股票< / >< / ><><>Artelo Biosciences< / ><>ARTL< / ><>< / ><>1:9< / ><>< / ><> / 8月31< / >< / ><><>CalciMedica< / ><>CALC< / ><>< / ><>1:5< / ><>< / ><> / 8月31< / >< / ><><>Change Agents< / ><>CHGA< / ><>< / ><>1:20< / ><>< / ><> / 8月31< / >< / ><><>Founder Group< / ><>FGL< / ><>< / ><>1:100< / ><>< / ><> / 9月01< / >< / ><><>GlucoTrack< / ><>GCTK< / ><>< / ><>1:15< / ><>< / ><> / 8月31< / >< / ><><>Nexalin Technology< / ><>NXL< / ><>< / ><>1:30< / ><>< / ><> / 8月31< / >< / ><><>Ohmyhome< / ><>OMH< / ><>< / ><>1:50< / ><>< / ><> / 8月31< / >< / ><><>Valion Bio< / ><>VBIO< / ><>< / ><>1:25< / ><>< / ><> / 8月31< / >< / table>

<><>公司< / ><>代码< / ><>收益率 %< / ><>金额 新 / 旧< / ><>频率< / ><>支付日 / 记录日< / >< / ><>< colspan="6">外国< / >< / ><><>Cdn Imperial Bk Of Comm< / ><>CM< / ><>2.2< / ><>.77198< / ><>Q< / ><>10月28 / 9月28< / >< / ><><>Clinuvel Pharm ADR< / ><>CUVL< / ><>0.4< / ><>.03295< / ><>A< / ><>9月28 / 9月08< / >< / ><><>Gold Fields ADR< / ><>GFI< / ><>2.6< / ><>1.01443< / ><>SA< / ><>9月24 / 9月11< / >< / ><><>Nordic American Tankers< / ><>NAT< / ><>11.7< / ><>.27< / ><>Q< / ><>9月24 / 9月10< / >< / ><><>Royal Bank of Canada< / ><>RY< / ><>2.0< / ><>1.26979< / ><>Q< / ><>11月24 / 10月26< / >< / ><><>Sociedad Quimica ADR< / ><>SQM< / ><>0.8< / ><>1.43501< / ><>< / ><>9月21 / 9月08< / >< / ><><>Toronto-Dominion Bank< / ><>< / ><>2.6< / ><>.80805< / ><>Q< / ><>10月31 / 10月09< / >< / ><><>Willis Towers Watson< / ><>WTW< / ><>1.1< / ><>.96< / ><>Q< / ><>10月15 / 9月30< / >< / ><>< colspan="6">特别< / >< / ><><>Capital Southwest< / ><>CSWC< / ><>9.1< / ><>.96< / ><>< / ><>12月31 / 12月15< / >< / table>

关键:A: 年度;M: 每月;Q: 每季度;r: 已修订;SA: 半年度;S2:1: 股票拆分及比例;SO: 分拆。

<>< rowspan="2">< / >< colspan="5">合约< / >< rowspan="2">持仓量< / >< / ><><>开盘< / ><>最高 / 最低< / ><>最低< / ><>结算< / ><>涨跌< / >< / ><><>2027年3月< / ><>19.17< / ><>19.62▲< / ><>18.47< / ><>18.58< / ><>-.61< / ><>401,234< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">糖-国内 (ICE-US)-112,000 磅;每磅美分< / >< / ><><>11月< / ><>39.00< / ><>-.65< / ><>599< / >< / ><><>2027年3月< / ><>39.35< / ><>-.65< / ><>1,481< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">棉花 (ICE-US)-50,000 磅;每磅美分< / >< / ><><>10月< / ><>91.31< / ><>91.38▲< / ><>89.81< / ><>89.92< / ><>-1.14< / ><>167< / >< / ><><>12月< / ><>92.18< / ><>92.75▲< / ><>91.05< / ><>91.38< / ><>-1.03< / ><>199,730< / >< / ><><

colspan="7">橙汁 (ICE-US)-15,000 磅;每磅美分< / td>< / tr> 9月< / ><>134.00< / ><>134.00▼< / ><>127.35< / ><>132.95< / ><>-4.40< / ><>237< / >< / ><><>11月< / ><>146.15< / ><>152.80< / ><>141.50< / ><>145.00< / ><>-2.60< / ><>8,267< / >< / table>

利率期货

<>< rowspan="2">< / >< colspan="5">合约< / >< rowspan="2">持仓量< / >< / ><><>开盘< / ><>最高 / 最低< / ><>最低< / ><>结算< / ><>涨跌< / >< / ><><>12月< / ><>.7255< / ><>.7260< / ><>.7225< / ><>.7227< / ><>-.0025< / ><>22,115< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">英镑 (CME)-62,500 英镑; 每英镑美元< / >< / ><><>9月< / ><>1.3594< / ><>1.3600< / ><>1.3526< / ><>1.3530< / ><>-.0058< / ><>292,519< / >< / ><><>12月< / ><>1.3593< / ><>1.3594< / ><>1.3529< / ><>1.3532< / ><>-.0056< / ><>20,820< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">瑞士法郎 (CME)-CHF 125,000; 每瑞士法郎美元< / >< / ><><>9月< / ><>1.2458< / ><>1.2482< / ><>1.2367< / ><>1.2372< / ><>-.0084< / ><>104,906< / >< / ><><>12月< / ><>1.2586< / ><>1.2609< / ><>1.2495< / ><>1.2500< / ><>-.0082< / ><>10,034< / >< / ><><

colspan="7">澳大利亚美元 (CME)-AUD 100,000; 每澳元美元< / >< / ><><>9月< / ><>.7194< / ><>.7208< / ><>.7154< / ><>.7157< / ><>-.0037< / ><>332,198< / >< / ><><>12月< / ><>.7183< / ><>.7191< / ><>.7143< / ><>.7146< / ><>-.0035< / ><>36,463< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">墨西哥比索 (CME)-MXN 500,000; 每比索美元< / >< / ><><>9月< / ><>.05887< / ><>.05895< / ><>.05852< / ><>.05860< / ><>-.00028< / ><>292,884< / >< / ><><>12月< / ><>.05846< / ><>.05851< / ><>.05818< / ><>.05817< / ><>-.00028< / ><>6,608< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">欧元 (CME)-€125,000; 每欧元美元< / >< / ><><>9月< / ><>1.1662< / ><>1.1672< / ><>1.1585< / ><>1.1588< / ><>-.0069< / ><>764,930< / >< / ><><>12月< / ><>1.1699< / ><>1.1711< / ><>1.1626< / ><>1.1629< / ><>-.0067< / ><>71,952< / >< / table>

<>< colspan="7">超长期国债 (CBT) - $100,000; 100% 的 32 分之 1 点数< / >< / ><><>9月< / ><>111-130< / ><>112-020< / ><>110-310< / ><>111-050< / ><>-10.0< / ><>59,375< / >< / ><><>12月< / ><>110-300< / ><>111-220< / ><>110-180< / ><>110-240< / ><>-10.0< / ><>2,376,074< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">国债 (CBT) - $100,000; 100% 的 32 分之 1 点数< / >< / ><><>9月< / ><>109-290< / ><>110-120< / ><>109-170< / ><>109-220< / ><>-9.0< / ><>50,706< / >< / ><><>12月< / ><>109-120< / ><>109-280< / ><>109-010< / ><>109-070< / ><>-8.0< / ><>1,757,809< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">国库券 (CBT) - $100,000; 100% 的 32 分之 1 点数< / >< / ><><>9月< / ><>108-175< / ><>108-235< / ><>108-015< / ><>108-035< / ><>-15.0< / ><>186,705< / >< / ><><>12月< / ><>108-095< / ><>108-155< / ><>107-260< / ><>107-280< / ><>-14.5< / ><>5,164,435< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">5 年期国库券 (CBT) - $100,000; 100% 的 32 分之 1 点数< / >< / ><><>9月< / ><>106-095< / ><>106-130< / ><>105-285< / ><>105-295< / ><>-12.7< / ><>266,277< / >< / ><><>12月< / ><>106-057< / ><>106-095< / ><>105-245< / ><>105-257< / ><>-12.5< / ><>6,149,409< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">2 年期国库券 (CBT) - $200,000; 100% 的 32 分之 1 点数< / >< / ><><>9月< / ><>102-310< / ><>103-005< / ><>102-236< / ><>102-245< / ><>-6.7< / ><>135,100< / >< / ><><>12月< / ><>102-266< / ><>102-284< / ><>102-192< / ><>102-199< / ><>-7.0< / ><>4,168,614< / >< / ><><

colspan="7">30天联邦基金利率 (CBT) - $5,000,000; 100 - 日均值< / td>< / tr> 8月< / ><>96.3700< / ><>96.3675< / ><>96.3700< / ><>...< / ><>800,716< / >< / ><><>10月< / ><>96.2750< / ><>96.2800< / ><>96.2050< / ><>96.2200< / ><>-.0550< / ><>578,593< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">三个月 SOFR (CME) - $1,000,000; 100 - 日均值< / >< / ><><>6月< / ><>96.3550< / ><>96.3575< / ><>96.3525< / ><>...< / ><>1,326,680< / >< / ><><>12月< / ><>96.0300< / ><>96.0400< / ><>95.8950< / ><>95.9100< / ><>-.1200< / ><>1,739,871< / >< / table>

货币期货

<>< colspan="7">指数期货< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">小型道琼斯工业平均指数 (CBT)-$5 x 指数< / >< / ><><>< / ><>9月< / ><>53608< / ><>53862< / ><>53513< / ><>53584< / ><>-37 87,377< / >< / ><><>< / ><>12月< / ><>53996< / ><>54263< / ><>53925< / ><>53997< / ><>-34 657< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">小型标准普尔500指数 (CME)-$50 x 指数< / >< / ><><>< / ><>9月< / ><>7733.75< / ><>7782.50< / ><>7711.75< / ><>7722.00< / ><>-20.50 1,995,654< / >< / ><><>< / ><>12月< / ><>7796.25< / ><>7850.75< / ><>7780.00< / ><>7790.00< / ><>-19.75 48,641< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">小型标准普尔中盘400指数 (CME)-$100 x 指数< / >< / ><><>< / ><>9月< / ><>3833.50< / ><>3842.40< / ><>3783.00< / ><>3785.50< / ><>-45.70

39,181< / >< / ><><>< / ><>12月< / ><>3867.70< / ><>3866.80< / ><>3813.80< / ><>-45.90 9< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">小型纳斯达克100指数 (CME)-$20 x 指数< / >< / ><><>< / ><>9月< / ><>29635.50< / ><>29811.50< / ><>29436.25< / ><>29491.75< / ><>-204.00 299,243< / >< / ><><>< / ><>12月< / ><>29926.75< / ><>30109.00< / ><>29736.75< / ><>29787.75< / ><>-202.00 4,464< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">小型罗素2000指数 (CME)-$50 x 指数< / >< / ><><>< / ><>9月< / ><>3019.60< / ><>3025.50< / ><>2976.60< / ><>2977.50< / ><>-41.50 412,123< / >< / ><><>< / ><>12月< / ><>3046.30< / ><>2999.30< / ><>2999.70< / ><>-41.20 776< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">小型罗素1000指数 (CME)-$50 x 指数< / >< / ><><>< / ><>9月< / ><>4226.30< / ><>4205.10< / ><>4207.60< / ><>-14.30

5,696< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">美元指数 (ICE-US)-$1,000 x 指数< / >< / ><><>< / ><>9月< / ><>99.07< / ><>99.68< / ><>99.02< / ><>99.66< / ><>.57 46,817< / >< / ><><>< / ><>12月< / ><>98.82< / ><>99.40< / ><>98.82< / ><>99.40< / ><>.56 1,779< / >< / table>

<>< colspan="7">货币期货< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">日元 (CME)-1250万人民币; 每100日元的美元价< / >< / ><><>9月< / ><>.6283< / ><>.6285< / ><>.6249< / ><>.6252< / ><>-.0029< / ><>356,276< / >< / ><><>12月< / ><>.6325< / ><>.6329< / ><>.6294< / ><>.6297< / ><>-.0027< / ><>35,875< / >< / ><>< colspan="7">加元 (CME)-100,000加元; 每加元的美元价< / >< / ><><>9月< / ><>.7225< / ><>.7230< / ><>.7194< / ><>.7196< / ><>-.0026< / ><>309,221< / >< / table>

来源:FactSet

债券 / wsj.com / market-data / bonds / benchmarks

全球政府债券:收益率分布图

选定其他国家基准两年期和十年期政府债券的收益率及其相对于美国国债的利差;箭头表示最新交易日收益率上升(▲)或下降(▼)

票面利率 (%)< / td>< rowspan="2">国家 / 期限(年)< / >< ="2">最新(●)< / >< ="2">0< / >< ="2">1< / >< ="2">2< / >< ="2">3< / >< ="2">4< / >< ="2">5< / >< ="2">6< / >< ="2">前次< / >< ="2">一个月前< / >< ="2">一年前< / >< colspan="3">相对于美国国债的利差(基点)< / >< / tr><><>最新< / ><>前次< / ><>一年前< / >< / ><><>4.125< / ><>美国 2< / ><>4.348▲< / ><>< / ><>●< / ><>< / ><>4.230< / ><>4.275< / ><>3.634< / ><>< / >< / ><><>4.625< / ><>10< / ><>4.721▲< / ><>< / ><>●< / ><>< / ><>4.671< / ><>4.604< / ><>4.206< / ><>< / >< / ><><>2.250< / ><>澳大利亚 2< / ><>4.698▼< / ><>< / ><>●< / ><>< / ><>4.708< / ><>4.594< / ><>3.333< / ><>< / ><>34.0< / ><>47.0< / >< / ><><>4.250< / ><>10< / ><>5.090▲< / ><>< / ><>●< / ><>< / ><>5.081< / ><>4.975< / ><>4.298< / ><>< / ><>36.4< / ><>40.7< / >< / ><><>2.400< / ><>法国 2< / ><>3.091▲< / ><>< / ><>●< / ><>< / ><>3.043< / ><>2.936< / ><>2.202< / ><>-126.6< / ><>< / ><>-119.5< / >< / ><><>3.700< / ><>10< / ><>4.117▲< / ><>< / ><>●< / ><>< / ><>4.107< / ><>3.891< / ><>3.484< / ><>-60.9< / ><>< / ><>-56.7< / >< / ><><>2.700< / ><>德国 2< / ><>2.905▲< / ><>< / ><>●< / ><>< / ><>2.861< / ><>2.755< / ><>1.936< / ><>-145.3< / ><>< / ><>-137.7< / >< / ><><>3.000< / ><>10< / ><>3.296▲< / ><>< / ><>●< / ><>< / ><>3.268< / ><>3.137< / ><>2.698< / ><>-143.0< / ><>< / ><>-140.6< / >< / ><><>2.650< / ><>意大利 2< / ><>3.115▲< / ><>< / ><>●< / ><>< / ><>3.048< / ><>2.948< / ><>2.207< / ><>-124.6< / ><>< / ><>-119.0< / >< / ><><>3.800< / ><>10< / ><>4.096▲< / ><>< / ><>●< / ><>< / ><>4.073< / ><>3.914< / ><>3.547< / ><>-63.0< / ><>< / ><>-60.2< / >< / ><><>1.500< / ><>日本 2< / ><>1.703▲< / ><>< / ><>●< / ><>< / ><>1.693< / ><>1.494< / ><>0.856< / ><>-265.5< / ><>< / ><>-254.5< / >< / ><><>2.700< / ><>10< / ><>2.928▲< / ><>< / ><>●< / ><>< / ><>2.895< / ><>2.781< / ><>1.619< / ><>-179.8< / ><>< / ><>-177.9< / >< / ><><>2.400< / ><>西班牙 2< / ><>2.952▲< / ><>< / ><>●< / ><>< / ><>2.887< / ><>2.810< / ><>2.045< / ><>-140.6< / ><>< / ><>-135.1< / >< / ><><>3.400< / ><>10< / ><>3.712▲< / ><>< / ><>●< / ><>< / ><>3.691< / ><>3.581< / ><>3.245< / ><>-101< / ><>< / ><>-98.3< / >< / ><><>4.375< / ><>英国 2< / ><>4.409▲< / ><>< / ><>●< / ><>< / ><>4.342< / ><>4.332< / ><>3.956< / ><>< / ><>5.1< / ><>10.4< / >< / ><><>1.125< / ><>10< / ><>5.070▲< / ><>< / ><>●< / ><>< / ><>5.022< / ><>4.946< / ><>4.702< / ><>< / ><>34.4< / ><>34.7< / >< / table>

数据来源:Tullett Prebon, Tradeweb FTSE U.S. Treasury Close

企业债券

公司债券的价格反映了包括投资者对经济、行业及公司特定预期在内的多种因素

收窄幅度最大的投资级利差...

发行人< / td>< rowspan="2">代码< / >< ="2">票面利率 (%)< / >< ="2">收益率 (%)< / >< ="2">到期日< / >< colspan="3">利差(基点)< / >< / tr><><>当前< / ><>一日变化< / ><>上周< / >< / ><><>Kinder Morgan Energy Partners< / ><>KMI< / ><>6.500< / ><>5.69< / ><>'37年2月1日< / ><>96< / ><>-8< / ><>n.a.< / >< / ><><>Metropolitan Life Global Funding< / ><>MET< / ><>4.750< / ><>4.86< / ><>'29年8月24日< / ><>46< / ><>-4< / ><>55< / >< / ><><>AbbVie< / ><>ABBV< / ><>4.400< / ><>5.80< / ><>'42年11月6日< / ><>59< / ><>-3< / ><>63< / >< / ><><>Mercedes-Benz Finance North America< / ><>...< / ><>4.875< / ><>4.98< / ><>'29年8月3日< / ><>60< / ><>-3< / ><>65< / >< / ><><>Anheuser-Busch Inbev Worldwide< / ><>ABIBB< / ><>4.950< / ><>5.75< / ><>'42年1月15日< / ><>55< / ><>-2< / ><>57< / >< / ><><>American Honda Finance< / ><>...< / ><>4.800< / ><>4.93< / ><>'29年7月6日< / ><>53< / ><>-2< / ><>59< / >< / ><><>International Business Machines< / ><>IBM< / ><>4.150< / ><>5.98< / ><>'39年5月15日< / ><>126< / ><>-2< / ><>131< / >< / ><><>Kraft Heinz Foods< / ><>KHC< / ><>6.875< / ><>6.04< / ><>'39年1月26日< / ><>132< / ><>-2< / ><>135< / >< / table>

...以及扩大幅度最大的利差

<><>Burlington Northern Santa Fe< / ><>BNSF< / ><>6.150< / ><>5.37< / ><>'37年5月1日< / ><>64< / ><>6< / ><>68< / >< / ><><>SCE Recovery Funding< / ><>EIX< / ><>6.036< / ><>5.94< / ><>'52年12月15日< / ><>72< / ><>2< / ><>n.a.< / >< / ><><>Siemens Financieringsmaatschappij< / ><>...< / ><>2.875< / ><>5.63< / ><>'41年3月11日< / ><>91< / ><>2< / ><>94< / >< / ><><>Bank of Nova Scotia< / ><>BNS< / ><>2.450< / ><>5.13< / ><>'32年2月2日< / ><>65< / ><>1< / ><>63< / >< / ><><>Caterpillar Financial Services< / ><>...< / ><>4.650< / ><>4.73< / ><>'29年8月14日< / ><>34< / ><>1< / ><>35< / >< / ><><>Howmet Aerospace< / ><>HWM< / ><>5.950< / ><>5.45< / ><>'37年2月1日< / ><>73< / ><>1< / ><>69< / >< / ><><>Morgan Stanley< / ><>MS< / ><>4.375< / ><>6.03< / ><>'47年1月22日< / ><>82< / ><>1< / ><>85< / >< / table>

价格涨幅最大的高收益债券...

<>< ="2">发行人< / >< ="2">代码< / >< ="2">票面利率 (%)< / >< ="2">收益率 (%)< / >< ="2">到期日< / >< colspan="3">债券价格(面值的%)< / >< / ><><>当前< / ><>一日变化< / ><>上周< / >< / ><><>Cleveland-Cliffs< / ><>CLF< / ><>6.250< / ><>8.48< / ><>'40年10月1日< / ><>81.875< / ><>0.56< / ><>n.a.< / >< / ><><>Bath & Body Works*< / ><>BBWI< / ><>6.750< / ><>6.78< / ><>'36年7月1日< / ><>99.747< / ><>0.12< / ><>99.132< / >< / ><><>Paramount Global< / ><>...< / ><>4.375< / ><>8.45< / ><>'43年3月15日< / ><>64.060< / ><>0.06< / ><>63.014< / >< / table>

...以及价格跌幅最大的债券

$^{a}$ 估算的相对于2年期、3年期、5年期、10年期或30年期即期美国国债的利差;100个基点=1个百分点;显示的利差变化为Z-利差。注:数据针对到期期限在两年或两年以上的交易最活跃的债券发行品种。

来源:MarketAxess

新高与新低

以下说明适用于在最新交易日触及 52 周盘中新高或新低的纽约证券交易所(NYSE)、NYSE Arca、NYSE American 和纳斯达克股票市场(Nasdaq Stock Market)的股票。% CHG 为较前一交易日的每日百分比变化。

Friday, August 28, 2026

公司名称 / 代码 / 价格 / % CHG / 公司名称 / 代码 / 价格 / % CHG / 公司名称 / 代码 / 价格 / % CHG :--- 0.2 / EVR Energy / CVI / 42.20 / 5.0 / HotchkisGlbVal / HWGV / 25.14 / 0.5 AcadianAsset / AAMI / 98.52 / -1.6 / CapitalSouthwest / CSWC / 25.74 / 0.3 / IDT / 69.90 / 0.2 AcmeUnited / ACU / 64.12 / 0.6 / CenterraGold / CGAU / 24.52 / -3.3 / Invesco / IVZ / 33.66 / -1.4 AdamasPfdE / ADAMM / 25.68 / .. / ChimeFinl / CHYM / 34.16 / -0.5 / Innospec / IOSP / 96.68 / .. AeonAcqnl / AESPU / 10.23 / 0.3 / CollectiveAcqnII / CAIU / 10.10 / 0.5 / InsightEnt / NSIT / 158.57 / -0.4 AldeFinll / MesaLabs / MLAB / 129.66 / 0.3 BlackSpadellI / BIII / 10.24 / .. / Frontline / FRO / 45.29 / 1.0 / MeshflowAcqn / MESH / 10.08 / .. BlossomHill / BLSM / 20.61 / -1.2 / Funko / FNKO / 7.35 / 5.3 / MillerIndustries / MLR / 58.11 / -1.9 Box / BOX / 36.16 / 0.7 / GRAVITY / GRVY / 75.50 / 2.9 / NiQGlbIntel / NIQ / 19.69 / 0.7 BurtechAcqnII / BRKHU / 10.68 / -3.6 / GalaxyEdgeAcqn / GLED / 10.06 / 0.2 / NSTS Bancorp / NSTS / 14.05 / -0.2 BurtechAcqnII / BRKH / 11.04 / 0.2 / GenDigital / GEN / 31.29 / 1.7 / NatHlthcrPfdA / NHPAP / 25.24 / 0.1

公司名称 / 代码 / 价格 / % CHG :--- | | | | 0.2 | PhenixfinNts2028 / PFXNZ / 24.97 / 0.4 RCM Tech / RCMT / 42.38 / 2.1 Reading B / RDIB / 24.00 / 18.9 Reading A / RDI / 2.13 / -4.3 RedViolet / RDVT / 74.83 / 1.8 RenovoRx / RNXT / 1.68 / 12.8 Revity / RVTY / 130.07 / -0.7 RiminiStreet / RMNI / 5.66 / 5.2 RingCentral / RNG / 70.43 / 1.2 RiverCityBank / RCBC / 50.98 / 2.1 SB Financial / SBFG / 28.47 / -0.8 SEI Investments / SEIC / 112.15 / 0.3 ScienceApplicat / SAIC / 130.98 / -2.3 SenecaFoods A / SENEA / 201.93 / 4.0 SharkNinja / SN / 194.54 / -0.8 ShinhanFin / SHG / 80.06 / 1.5 SorenAcqn / SORNU / 10.44 / -0.2 SPACSphereAcqn / SSAC / 10.10 / 0.2 StablecoinXWt / USDEW / 1.95 / -14.0 StandardNuclear / STDN / 15.43 / -1.5 SunCokeEnergy / SXC / 10.40 / -1.2 TJGC / 10.19 / 24.7 TOPFinancial / TOP / 17.42 / 8.5 TXO Partners / TXO / 14.89 / -1.0

股票< / td><>代码< / ><>52周最高 / 最低< / ><>涨跌幅%< / >< / tr><><>Team< / ><>TISI< / ><>25.33< / ><>3.3< / >< / ><><>TrekorMetals< / ><>TGB< / ><>9.82< / ><>-5.2< / >< / ><><>TrinityCapital< / ><>TRIN< / ><>18.90< / ><>-0.7< / >< / ><><>trivago< / ><>TRVG< / ><>6.10< / ><>6.8< / >< / ><><>VictoryCapital< / ><>VCTR< / ><>123.55< / ><>-2.3< / >< / ><><>VirtuFinancial< / ><>VIRT< / ><>68.76< / ><>-1.0< / >< / ><><>WesternAlliancePfd< / ><>WALpA< / ><>25.10< / ><>...< / >< / ><><>WisdomTree< / ><>WT< / ><>25.89< / ><>-2.4< / >< / ><><>ZetaGlobal< / ><>ZETA< / ><>30.84< / ><>1.1< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">低点< / >< / ><><>AllInfrAcqnRt< / ><>AllAr< / ><>0.16< / ><>-5.4< / >< / ><><>AMTD

rospace< / ><>AADX< / ><>13.21< / ><>-7.8< / >< / ><><>Aptiv< / ><>APTV< / ><>44.88< / ><>0.7< / >< / ><><>BairdMedInvtWt< / ><>BDMDW< / ><>0.04< / ><>-2.3< / >< / ><><>Banzaintl< / ><>PARA< / ><>1.08< / ><>-8.4< / >< / ><><>BaoshengMedia< / ><>BAOS< / ><>0.33< / ><>-18.8< / >< / ><><>Beneficent< / ><>BENF< / ><>2.10< / ><>4.9< / >< / ><><>BeyondAir< / ><>XAIR< / ><>4.25< / ><>-21.4< / >< / ><><>BigBear.aiWt< / ><>BBALWS< / ><>0.07< / ><>-35.0< / >< / ><><>bioAffinityTech< / ><>BIAF< / ><>4.87< / ><>-3.8< / >< / ><><>BioAtla< / ><>BCAB< / ><>1.51< / ><>-44.7< / >< / ><><>BiodexaPharm< / ><>BDRX< / ><>0.83< / ><>-3.5< / >< / table>

<><>股票< / ><>代码< / ><>52周最高 / 最低< / ><>涨跌幅%< / >< / ><><>BioXcelTherap< / ><>BTAI< / ><>0.16< / ><>-74.8< / >< / ><><>Birchtech< / ><>BCHT< / ><>1.19< / ><>-4.0< / >< / ><><>BitOrigin< / ><>BTOG< / ><>2.98< / ><>-12.7< / >< / ><><>BlackHawkAcqnRt< / ><>BKHAR< / ><>0.70< / ><>-42.6< / >< / ><><>BlackTitan< / ><>BTTC< / ><>0.42< / ><>-6.7< / >< / ><><>BlackstoneMtg< / ><>BXMT< / ><>13.61< / ><>-0.6< / >< / ><><>BoneBiologics< / ><>BBLG< / ><>0.58< / ><>...< / >< / ><><>BridgerAerospace< / ><>BAER< / ><>1.09< / ><>-4.3< / >< / ><><>BrightSpire< / ><>BRSP< / ><>4.75< / ><>-0.6< / >< / ><><>BrookfieldBus< / ><>BBUC< / ><>27.64< / ><>0.2< / >< / ><><>CDT

<><>ClarosMtg< / ><>CMTG< / ><>1.62< / ><>-1.8< / >< / ><><>ClinuvelPharm< / ><>CUVL< / ><>6.12< / ><>-9.0< / >< / ><><>CollegiumPharm< / ><>COLL< / ><>25.16< / ><>-4.1< / >< / ><><>Collplant< / ><>CLGN< / ><>0.26< / ><>23.6< / >< / ><><>ConexeuSciences< / ><>CNXU< / ><>6.73< / ><>0.4< / >< / ><><>ContextTherap< / ><>CNTX< / ><>0.38< / ><>-7.8< / >< / ><><>CoreAI< / ><>CHAI< / ><>0.23< / ><>57.1< / >< / ><><>CorebridgeFinNts< / ><>CRBD< / ><>21.66< / ><>-0.8< / >< / ><><>Csquare< / ><>CSQR< / ><>19.13< / ><>-4.0< / >< / ><><>DDC

Enterprise< / ><>DDC< / ><>0.37< / ><>-23.4< / >< / ><><>DareBioscience< / ><>DARE< / ><>0.72< / ><>-0.5< / >< / ><><>DataMedsAI< / ><>MEDS< / ><>0.96< / ><>-17.9< / >< / ><><>DeepFission< / ><>FISN< / ><>6.42< / ><>-5.3< / >< / ><><>DigitalBrands< / ><>DBGi< / ><>6.29< / ><>-6.8< / >< / table>

BEAT< / td><>0.46< / ><>-3.9< / >< / tr> <>HyperscaleData< / ><>GPUS< / ><>0.28< / ><>-7.6< / >< / ><><>INNIO< / ><>INIO< / ><>20.67< / ><>-7.6< / >< / ><><>iPower< / ><>IPW< / ><>1.80< / ><>3.2< / >< / ><><>JATTIIAcqn< / ><>JTTT< / ><>10.83< / ><>-1.3< / >< / ><><>JianzhiEduc< / ><>JZ< / ><>1.17< / ><>-14.5< / >< / ><><>Jiayin< / ><>JFIN< / ><>1.95< / ><>-3.2< / >< / ><><>JupiterNeurosci< / ><>JUNS< / ><>4.10< / ><>-14.5< / >< / ><><>KALA BIO< / ><>KALA< / ><>0.59< / ><>-15.0< / >< / ><><>KWaveMedia< / ><>KWM< / ><>1.39< / ><>-12.0< / >< / ><><>KaileraTherap< / ><>KLRA< / ><>16.19< / ><>-12.5< / >< / table>

<><>MercerIntl< / ><>MERC< / ><>0.35< / ><>-1.1< / >< / ><><>MesaRoyalty< / ><>MTR< / ><>2.22< / ><>-2.6< / >< / ><><>MidAmerAptPfdI< / ><>MAApI< / ><>50.97< / ><>-4.7< / >< / ><><>Mint< / ><>MIMI< / ><>0.91< / ><>-25.6< / >< / ><><>MoneyHeroWt< / ><>MNWWV< / ><>0.03< / ><>12.8< / >< / ><><>MorganStanleyPfdQ< / ><>MSpQ< / ><>24.84< / ><>-0.6< / >< / ><><>NFT< / ><>MT< / ><>2.45< / ><>-13.7< / >< / ><><>NRG Energy< / ><>NRG< / ><>110.65< / ><>-2.9< / >< / ><><>NewGenlvf< / ><>NIVF< / ><>0.40< / ><>-9.9< / >< / ><><>NexeraTech< / ><>NEXR< / ><>1.92< / ><>-8.1< / >< / ><><>NextEraEnUn< / ><>NEEpV< / ><>44.88< / ><>-1.7< / >< / ><><>Novonix< / ><>NVX< / ><>3.14< / ><>-2.8< / >< / ><><>Nuwellis< / ><>NUWE< / ><>0.87< / ><>-10.1< / >< / ><><>Ohmyhome< / ><>OMH< / ><>0.06< / ><>-7.8< / >< / ><><>OlenoxInds< / ><>OLOX< / ><>1.09< / ><>-18.7< / >< / ><><>Olin< / ><>OLN< / ><>17.01< / ><>-0.8< / >< / ><><>Onconetix< / ><>ONCO< / ><>0.61< / ><>-3.1< / >< / ><><>One&OneGreen< / ><>YDDL< / ><>1.61< / ><>-2.9< / >< / ><><>OpendoorWtA< / ><>OPENL< / ><>0.10< / ><>-4.1< / >< / ><><>PPL Un< / ><>PPLC< / ><>45.90< / ><>-0.5< / >< / ><><>Profusa< / ><>PFSA< / ><>2.74< / ><>-30.9< / >< / ><><>PurpleInnovation< / ><>PRPL< / ><>4.25< / ><>-4.7< / >< / ><><>Qfin< / ><>QFIN< / ><>8.72< / ><>-4.0< / >< / ><><>ReconTech< / ><>RCON< / ><>1.54< / ><>-8.6< / >< / table>

<>2.18< / ><>-16.2< / >< / ><><>VeraxaBiotech< / ><>VRXA< / ><>1.32< / ><>-6.2< / >< / ><><>Vertone< / ><>VERI< / ><>0.78< / ><>-2.6< / >< / ><><>VerticalAerospace< / ><>EVTL< / ><>0.67< / ><>-7.6< / >< / ><><>VisionWaveWt< / ><>VWAVW< / ><>0.07< / ><>-9.9< / >< / ><><>VistanceNtwks< / ><>VISN< / ><>6.00< / ><>-8.6< / >< / ><><>VivosTherap< / ><>VVOS< / ><>0.22< / ><>-13.0< / >< / ><><>WellChange< / ><>WCT< / ><>0.38< / ><>45.5< / >< / ><><>WheelerREIT< / ><>WHLR< / ><>0.94< / ><>-4.5< / >< / ><><>XCHG< / ><>XCH< / ><>3.70< / ><>-6.7< / >< / ><><>ZeoEnergy< / ><>ZEO< / ><>0.28< / ><>-11.7< / >< / ><><>ZetaNetwork< / ><>ZNB< / ><>1.61< / ><>-8.0< / >< / table>

GHI

1,000 只最大股票

[...OMITTED...]

如何阅读股票表格

以下说明适用于在纽约证券交易所(NYSE)、纽约证券交易所 Arca(NYSE Arca)、纽约证券交易所 American(NYSE American)和纳斯达克股票市场(Nasdaq Stock Market)上市的证券。价格综合自各市场中心的交易报告,包括证券交易所、金融业监管局(Finra)、电子通信网络和其他经纪交易商。该列表包含按市值计算的 1,000 家最大公司。

下划线标注的报价表示该股票的成交量与该发行人的平均交易量相比有较大变化。

粗体标注的报价突出了那些前一交易日收盘价在 \$2 或更高,且价格变动幅度在 5% 或以上的发行人。

脚注:1-52周新高;1-52周新低;dd-表示最近四个季度出现亏损。股票表格反映截至东部时间下午 4 点的综合常规交易情况,以及与前一日东部时间下午 4 点官方收盘价相比的变化。

年初至今净值 Chr. % / Dot 年初至今净变动 %回报 2026年8月28日,星期五

年初至今%变动< / td><>52周最高< / ><>最低< / ><>股票< / ><>代码< / ><>收益率%< / ><>市盈率< / ><>最新价< / ><>净变动< / ><>< / >< / tr><>< colspan="9">A B C< / ><>< / >< / ><><>2.72< / ><>17.65< / ><>12.33< / ><>AES< / ><>4.8< / ><>6< / ><>14.73< / ><>-0.02< / ><>< / >< / ><><>5.67< / ><>130.22< / ><>104.66< / ><>Bac< / ><>AFL< / ><>2.1< / ><>12< / ><>116.52< / ><>-0.00< / ><>< / >< / ><><>1.68< / ><>12.19< / ><>9.62< / ><>AGNC Invt< / ><>AGNC< / ><>13.2< / ><>6< / ><>10.90< / ><>-0.04< / ><>< / >< / ><><>73.92< / ><>45.66< / ><>21.57< / ><>APA< / ><>2.4< / ><>4< / ><>92.54< / ><>0.16< / ><>< / >< / ><><>134.66< / ><>45.52< / ><>9.86< / ><>ASE

r><><>25.19< / ><>277.22< / ><>188.08< / ><>Allstate< / ><>ALL< / ><>1.7< / ><>5< / ><>260.58< / ><>2.96< / ><>< / >< / ><><>-6.87< / ><>47.29< / ><>35.92< / ><>AllyFinancial< / ><>ALLY< / ><>1.8< / ><>20< / ><>42.18< / ><>-0.56< / ><>< / >< / ><><>-40.37< / ><>495.55< / ><>197.81< / ><>AlnylamPharm< / ><>ALNY< / ><>...< / ><>40< / ><>237.10< / ><>0.54< / ><>< / >< / ><><>10.76< / ><>106.34< / ><>74.21< / ><>Alphabet

<>< / >< / ><><>< / ><><

<>< / >< / ><><>< / ><>< / >< / table>

-22.84< / td><>87.03< / ><>37.08< / ><>CognizantTech< / ><>CTSH< / ><>2.1< / ><>14< / ><>64.04< / ><>0.28< / >< / tr> <>51.32< / ><>33.22< / ><>21.85< / ><>Coherent< / ><>COHR< / ><>...< / ><>dd< / ><>29.20< / ><>-0.05< / >< / ><><>-21.00< / ><>402.16< / ><>139.11< / ><>CoinbaseGibl< / ><>COIN< / ><>dd< / ><>173.64< / ><>-12.08< / ><>< / >< / ><><>14.84< / ><>99.33< / ><>74.55< / ><>ColgatePalm< / ><>CL< / ><>2.3< / ><>96< / ><>90.75< / ><>-0.21< / >< / ><><>-3.36< / ><>32.85< / ><>21.28< / ><>Comcast

A< / ><>CMCSA< / ><>4.9< / ><>9< / ><>27.06< / ><>0.65< / >< / ><><>62.73< / ><>2073.99< / ><>670.19< / ><>ComfortSystems< / ><>FIX< / ><>0.2< / ><>37< / ><>1518.73< / ><>-96.25< / >< / ><><>2.26< / ><>7.16< / ><>4.24< / ><>SABESP< / ><>SBS< / ><>4.2< / ><>11< / ><>4.87< / ><>0.05< / >< / ><><>39.25< / ><>135.88< / ><>85.57< / ><>ConocoPhillips< / ><>COP< / ><>2.6< / ><>13< / ><>138.99< / ><>-0.05< / >< / ><><>8.78< / ><>114.88< / ><>69.90< / ><>ConocoPhillips< / ><>COO< / ><>...< / ><>18< / ><>107.49< / ><>0.80< / >< / ><><>-5.27< / ><>168.60< / ><>126.45< / ><>ConstBrands

CMI< / ><>1.6< / ><>29< / ><>564.85< / ><>-9.02< / >< / ><><>8.18< / ><>808.16< / ><>465.51< / ><>Curtiss-Wright< / ><>CW< / ><>0.2< / ><>41< / ><>596.37< / ><>-9.12< / >< / ><><>13.46< / ><>88.31< / ><>35.22< / ><>Cytokinetics< / ><>CYTK< / ><>...< / ><>dd< / ><>72.09< / ><>-5.81< / >< / table>

DEF

< / ><>136.98< / ><>-1.82< / >< / ><><>-12.67< / ><>161.31< / ><>106.73< / ><>DutSmartace< / ><>DT< / ><>...< / ><>37< / ><>153.57< / ><>-3.00< / >< / ><><>20.98< / ><>951.96< / ><>564.92< / ><>EMCOR< / ><>EMO< / ><>0.2< / ><>23< / ><>740.17< / ><>-34.87< / >< / ><><>39.19< / ><>58< / ><>34.03< / ><>ENI< / ><>E< / ><>3.2< / ><>13< / ><>52.81< / ><>-0.41< / >< / ><><>36.51< / ><>153.67< / ><>101.59< / ><>EOG

3< / ><>FederalRealty< / ><>FRT< / ><>4.0< / ><>24< / ><>116.75< / ><>-0.17< / >< / ><><>42.25< / ><>345.37< / ><>178.21< / ><>FedEx< / ><>FDX< / ><>1.5< / ><>22< / ><>330.88< / ><>-0.53< / >< / ><><>< / ><>< / ><> < / >< / ><><>< / ><>< / ><t

d>< / ><>< / >< / ><><>< / ><>< / ><t

年初至今%变化< / td>< rowspan="2">52周最高< / >< ="2">最低< / >< ="2">股票< / >< colspan="3">收益率 / 市盈率< / >< ="2">净变化< / >< / tr><><>代码< / ><>% PE< / ><>最新< / >< / ><><>-6.36< / ><>76.39< / ><>48.34< / ><>FoxA< / ><>FOXA< / ><>0.8 18< / ><>68.42< / ><>1.20< / >< / ><><>-5.56< / ><>68.17< / ><>44.08< / ><>FoxB< / ><>FOX< / ><>0.9 16< / ><>61.32< / ><>0.92< / >< / ><><>28.41< / ><>285.67< / ><>181.50< / ><>Franco-Nevada< / ><>FNV< / ><>0.7 35< / ><>266.16< / ><>-5.15< / >< / ><><>45.04< / ><>36.28< / ><>21.11< / ><>FranklinTemp< / ><>BEN< / ><>3.8 24< / ><>34.65< / ><>-0.17< / >< / ><><>43.70< / ><>181.88< / ><>107.97< / ><>FreedomHolding< / ><>FRHC< / ><>...

69< / ><>174.85< / ><>4.19< / >< / ><><>50.52< / ><>80.24< / ><>35.15< / ><>FreeportMcM< / ><>FCX< / ><>0.8 38< / ><>76.45< / ><>-1.97< / >< / ><><>-3.02< / ><>27.64< / ><>20.02< / ><>FreseniusMedCare< / ><>FMS< / ><>2.6 12< / ><>23.10< / ><>-0.17< / >< / ><><>102.52< / ><>45.29< / ><>20.31< / ><>Frontline< / ><>FRO< / ><>7.1 7< / ><>44.19< / ><>0.44< / >< / ><><>-24.33< / ><>202.53< / ><>80.50< / ><>Futu< / ><>FUTU< / ><>2.1 12< / ><>124.26< / ><>-0.31< / >< / table>

<><>11.22< / ><>388.84< / ><>268.01< / ><>GE Aerospace< / ><>GE< / ><>0.5< / ><>40< / ><>342.58< / ><>-0.15< / ><>< / >< / ><><>-12.55< / ><>89.77< / ><>58.75< / ><>GE HealthCare< / ><>GEC< / ><>0.2< / ><>16< / ><>71.72< / ><>-0.76< / ><>< / >< / ><><>39.53< / ><>1195.94< / ><>530.16< / ><>GE Vernova< / ><>GEV< / ><>0.2< / ><>26< / ><>911.93< / ><>-41.90< / ><>< / >< / ><><>-0.28< / ><>50.12< / ><>-0.33< / ><>GE 3 2 52

27.64< / td> Globalstar< / ><>GSAT< / ><>...< / ><>dd< / ><>81.76< / ><>-0.29< / ><>< / >< / tr> <>23.54< / ><>191.55< / ><>127.84< / ><>GlobeLife< / ><>GL< / ><>0.8< / ><>11< / ><>172.79< / ><>-2.99< / ><>< / >< / ><><>-4.97< / ><>101.40< / ><>54.15< / ><>GlobusMedical< / ><>GMED< / ><>...< / ><>21< / ><>82.97< / ><>0.43< / ><>< / >< / ><><>-21.26< / ><>150.47< / ><>71.95< / ><>GoDaddy< / ><>GDDY< / ><>...< / ><>14< / ><>97.70< / ><>0.72< / ><>< / >< / ><><>5.27< / ><>61.64< / ><>31.11< / ><>GoldFields< / ><>GFI< / ><>2.6< / ><>45< / ><>39.96< / ><>-2.04< / ><>< / >< / ><><>11.74< / ><>117.94< / ><>71.00< / ><>Goldman

<>0.00< / ><>< / >< / ><><>2.41< / ><>272.60< / ><>102.30< / ><>Guidewire< / ><>GWRE< / ><>...< / ><>111< / ><>205.85< / ><>4.76< / ><>< / >< / ><><>-10.50< / ><>556.52< / ><>353.99< / ><>HCA Healthcare< / ><>HCA< / ><>0.7< / ><>14< / ><>417.82< / ><>-1.52< / ><>< / >< / ><><>-36.84< / ><>37.45< / ><>22.45< / ><>HDFC Bank< / ><>HDB< / ><>1.5< / ><>14< / ><>23.08< / ><>0.62< / ><>< / >< / ><><>116.38< / ><>100.13< / ><>45.71< / ><>HF

HD< / ><>3.4< / ><>dd< / ><>31.86< / ><>0.62< / ><>< / >< / ><><>< / ><>< / ><>297.50< / ><>150.03< / ><>HoneywellAero< / ><>HONA< / ><>< / ><>162.37< / ><>1.62< / ><>< / >< / ><><>6.32< / ><>260.15< / ><>195.77< / ><>Honeywell< / ><>HON< / ><>1.3< / ><>8< / ><>217.43< / ><>-2.96< / ><>< / >< / ><><>-8.99< / ><>26.60< / ><>19.70< / ><>HormelFoods< / ><>HRL< / ><>5.4< / ><>35< / ><>21.57< / ><>0.29< / ><>< / >< / ><><>2.33< / ><>184.54< / ><>131.75< / ><>DR

<>37< / ><>385.54< / ><>-7.09< / ><>< / >< / ><><>34.32< / ><>299.76< / ><>130.12< / ><>JBHunt< / ><>JBHT< / ><>0.7< / ><>37< / ><>261.03< / ><>-2.36< / ><>< / >< / ><><>-14.24< / ><>184.00< / ><>104.36< / ><>JPMorganBcshs< / ><>JPMAN< / ><>...< / ><>dd< / ><>184.00< / ><>0.00< / ><>< / >< / ><><>-13.49< / ><>460< / ><>263.62< / ><>HuntingInngalls< / ><>HII< / ><>1.9< / ><>18< / ><>294.21< / ><>-1.70< / ><>< / >< / ><><>72.88< / ><>140.80< / ><>24.20< / ><>HutB< / ><>HUT< / ><>...< / ><>dd< / ><>79.42< / ><>-7.71< / ><>< / >< / ><><>7.44< / ><>206.86< / ><>134.18< / ><>HyattHotels< / ><>H< / ><>0.3214< / ><>dd< / ><>172.25< / ><>-1.03< / ><>< / >< / ><><>0.27< / ><>33.03< / ><>25.08< / ><>ICICI

Bank< / ><>IBN< / ><>0.7< / ><>18< / ><>29.88< / ><>0.02< / ><>< / >< / ><><>29.41< / ><>243.80< / ><>158.19< / ><>IDEX< / ><>IEX< / ><>1.3< / ><>33< / ><>230.28< / ><>-3.70< / ><>< / >< / ><><>-17.88< / ><>218.88< / ><>181.88< / ><>IDEXLab< / ><>IDXX< / ><>...< / ><>dd< / ><>208.98< / ><>9.93< / ><>< / >< / ><><>59.27< / ><>408.25< / ><>166.63< / ><>IES Holdings< / ><>IESC< / ><>...< / ><>28< / ><>309.88< / ><>-23.87< / ><>< / >< / ><><>25.86< / ><>36.23< / ><>23.62< / ><>ING

Groep< / td> ING< / ><>3.2< / ><>13< / ><>35.24< / ><>0.14< / ><>< / >< / tr> <>< / ><>< / ><>42.95< / ><>INNO< / ><>INIO< / ><>< / >< / ><><>< / ><>< / ><> < / ><>< / >< / ><><><

<>< / >< / ><><>< / ><>< / >< rowspan="2" >< / ><>< / >< / ><><>< / ><>< / >< / ><><>< / ><>< / >< / ><><t

d>< / ><>< / >< / >< / ><><>< / ><>< / >< / >< / ><><>< / ><t

d>< / ><>< / >< / ><><>< / ><>< / >< / table>

JKL

<>0.27< / >< / ><><>42.56< / ><>382.54< / ><>136.73< / ><>KrystalBiotech< / ><>KRYS< / ><>...< / ><>44< / ><>351.46< / ><>6.00< / >< / ><><>51.84< / ><>130.05< / ><>39.84< / ><>KymeraTherap< / ><>KYMR< / ><>...< / ><>dd< / ><>118.15< / ><>-2.08< / >< / ><><>-6.44< / ><>70.42< / ><>41.41< / ><>LatamAirlines< / ><>LTM< / ><>3.0< / ><>9< / ><>50.53< / ><>-0.67< / >< / ><><>3.79< / ><>400.16< / ><>260.15< / ><>LPL

99.89< / td><>0.13< / >< / tr> <>24.84< / ><>74.96< / ><>64.54< / ><>LibertyLiveC< / ><>LLYVK< / ><>...< / ><>dd< / ><>63.55< / ><>-0.19< / >< / ><><>3.34< / ><>109.36< / ><>80.15< / ><>LibertyFormOneC< / ><>FWON< / ><>...< / ><>63< / ><>101.80< / ><>-0.29< / >< / ><><>4.52< / ><>99.52< / ><>73.70< / ><>LibertyFormOneA< / ><>FWONA< / ><>...< / ><>58< / ><>93.42< / ><>-0.67< / >< / ><><>63.69< / ><>47.23< / ><>24.14< / ><>LifeTime< / ><>LTH< / ><>...< / ><>24< / ><>43.51< / ><>-0.84< / >< / ><><>9.30< / ><>1292.65< / ><>712.05< / ><>Eli

<><>4.19< / ><>121.03< / ><>95.10< / ><>Loews< / ><>L< / ><>0.2< / ><>13< / ><>109.72< / ><>-0.10< / >< / ><><>-23.26< / ><>96.66< / ><>-83.92< / ><>LockheedIntl< / ><>LQGEN< / ><>1.1< / ><>24< / ><>79.96< / ><>-0.60< / >< / ><><>-13.73< / ><>293.06< / ><>199.40< / ><>Lowe's< / ><>LOW< / ><>2.4< / ><>18< / ><>208.05< / ><>1.31< / >< / ><><>-41.87< / ><>225.98< / ><>104.44< / ><>lululemon< / ><>LULU< / ><>...< / ><>10< / ><>120.83< / ><>5.81< / >< / ><><>142.82< / ><>1085.68< / ><>125< / ><>Lumentum< / ><>LITE< / ><>...< / ><>dd< / ><>895< / ><>-61.14< / >< / ><><>47.04< / ><>83.94< / ><>41.58< / ><>LyondellBasell< / ><>LYB< / ><>4.3< / ><>dd< / ><>63.67< / ><>0.61< / >< / table>

MN

<><>54.88< / ><>418.90< / ><>121.97< / ><>Macom Tech< / ><>MTSI< / ><>85< / ><>265.27< / ><>-11.88< / >< / ><><>17.77< / ><>255.95< / ><>174.76< / ><>M&T Bank< / ><>MTB< / ><>2.5< / ><>13< / ><>237.29< / >< / ><><>15.87< / ><>51.59< / ><>29.18< / ><>MGM Motors< / ><>MGM< / ><>0.0< / ><>26< / ><>42.28< / >< / ><><>60.05< / ><>447.62< / ><>97.50< / ><>MKKS< / ><>MKSI< / ><>0.4< / ><>41< / ><>255.76< / >< / ><><>11.02< / ><>60.95< / ><>47.80< / ><>MPLX< / ><>1.3< / ><>73< / ><>59.25< / >< / ><><>11.10< / ><>100.25< / ><>37.81< / ><>MP

329.88< / ><>61.44< / ><>MarvellTech< / ><>MRVL< / ><>0.1< / ><>71< / ><>216.62< / >< / table>

ganStanley< / ><>MS< / ><>2.1< / ><>17< / ><>214.77< / ><>-0.09< / >< / ><><>26.79< / ><>493.57< / ><>359.36< / ><>MotorolaSol< / ><>MSI< / ><>3.0< / ><>88< / ><>406< / ><>-0.54< / >< / ><><>9.41< / ><>71.12< / ><>47.11< / ><>MuellerInds< / ><>MLI< / ><>2.2< / ><>16< / ><>62.80< / ><>-1.38< / >< / ><><>-14.31< / ><>8.02< / ><>4.30< / ><>NIO< / ><>...< / ><>dd< / ><>4.37< / ><>0.01< / >< / ><><>-10.22< / ><>189.96< / ><>110.65< / ><>NRG Energy< / ><>NRG< / ><>1.7< / ><>29< / ><>111.12< / ><>-3.29< / >< / ><><>-112.96< / ><>243.80< / ><>150.01< / ><>NVIDIA< / ><>NVDA< / ><>...< / ><>19< / ><>296.27< / ><>30.87< / >< / ><><>3.00< / ><>339.95< / ><>183< / ><>NXP

55< / ><>106.06< / ><>NetEase< / ><>NTES< / ><>3.4< / ><>17< / ><>122.76< / ><>0.07< / >< / ><><>-12.84< / ><>126.71< / ><>65.08< / ><>Netflix< / ><>NFLX< / ><>...< / ><>26< / ><>81.72< / ><>1.88< / >< / ><><>8.62< / ><>186.12< / ><>122.14< / ><>Neurocrine< / ><>NBIX< / ><>...< / ><>23< / ><>154.06< / ><>-1.86< / >< / ><><>-1.82< / ><>87.10< / ><>54.10< / ><>NYTimes A< / ><>NYT< / ><>1.3< / ><>28< / ><>68.16< / ><>0.04< / >< / ><><>28.17< / ><>108.47< / ><>100.77< / ><>Nokia< / ><>NKOK< / ><>1.0< / ><>17< / ><>117.98< / ><>-4.37< / >< / ><><>18.57< / ><>31.66< / ><>22.20< / ><>NewsCorp A< / ><>NWSA< / ><>0.6< / ><>30< / ><>30.97< / ><>-0.22< / >< / ><><>17.62< / ><>35.76< / ><>25.49< / ><>NewsCorp

< / td>< / tr> -14.58< / ><>18.98< / ><>11.20< / ><>NuHoldings< / ><>NU< / ><>...< / ><>19< / ><>14.50< / ><>-0.38< / >< / ><><>5.58< / ><>280.11< / ><>24.00< / ><>Nucor< / ><>NUC< / ><>0.9< / ><>29< / ><>1250.50< / ><>-1.06< / >< / ><><>33.80< / ><>28.42< / ><>34.01< / ><>NuVista< / ><>NTNX< / ><>...< / ><>13< / ><>69.16< / ><>-0.68< / >< / ><><>19.10< / ><>85.36< / ><>53.03< / ><>Nutrien< / ><>NTR< / ><>3.0< / ><>15< / ><>73.51< / ><>0.45< / >< / ><><>45.61< / ><>184.64< / ><>87.16< / ><>nVentElectric< / ><>NVT< / ><>0.6< / ><>41< / ><>148.48< / ><>-7.07< / >< / ><><>16.65< / ><>236.54< / ><>164.07< / ><>NVIDIA< / ><>NVDA< / ><>0.5< / ><>28< / ><>217.55< / ><>-10.43< / >< / table>

OPQ

<>< / ><>< / > < / ><><>< / ><>< / > < / ><>

<>< / ><>< / > < / ><><>< / ><>< / > < / >< / table>

RS

.40< / ><>522.35< / ><>360.94< / ><>S&P Global< / ><>SPGI< / ><>0.9< / ><>27< / ><>442.89< / ><>7.50< / >< / ><><>-1.28< / ><>224.46< / ><>162.41< / ><>SBA Comm< / ><>SBAC< / ><>2.6< / ><>21< / ><>190.95< / ><>3.99< / >< / ><><>36.10< / ><>112.15< / ><>75.08< / ><>SEI Investments< / ><>SEIC< / ><>0.9< / ><>20< / ><>111.63< / ><>0.33< / >< / ><><>< / ><>194.80< / ><>124.80< / ><>SK hynix< / ><>SKHY< / ><>...< / ><>10< / ><>161.04< / ><>-0.57< / >< / ><><>91.62< / ><>47.18< / ><>19.66< / ><>SK Telecom< / ><>SKM< / ><>1.3< / ><>31< / ><>39.34< / ><>-0.13< / >< / ><><>49.37< / ><>51.49< / ><>31.40< / ><>SLX< / ><>2.1< / ><>57< / ><>47.35< / ><>2.37< / >< / ><><>-0.66< / ><>251.08< / ><>179.62< / ><>SPX

< / ><>110.44< / ><>Sanmina< / ><>SANM< / ><>...< / ><>35< / ><>194.01< / ><>-9.34< / >< / ><><>-7.51< / ><>52.68< / ><>40.89< / ><>Sanofi< / ><>SNY< / ><>3.9< / ><>23< / ><>44.82< / ><>-0.02< / >< / table>

-0.06< / td>< / tr> <>-32.89< / ><>100.19< / ><>51.19< / ><>Synopsys< / ><>SYM< / ><>...< / ><>dd< / ><>104.88< / ><>-1.24< / >< / ><><>-6.45< / ><>88.77< / ><>63.08< / ><>SynchronyFinl< / ><>SYF< / ><>1.7< / ><>8< / ><>78.05< / ><>-1.88< / >< / ><><>-5.77< / ><>615.79< / ><>366< / ><>Synopsys< / ><>SNPs< / ><>...< / ><>78< / ><>442.61< / ><>-22.28< / >< / ><><>11.20< / ><>91.84< / ><>68.19< / ><>Sysco< / ><>SYY< / ><>2.7< / ><>22< / ><>81.94< / ><>-0.51< / >< / table>

TUV

<><>12.45< / ><>71.47< / ><>49.27< / ><>TC Energy< / ><>TRP< / ><>4.0< / ><>26< / ><>61.86< / ><>-0.19< / >< / ><><>69.05< / ><>296.47< / ><>142.22< / ><> Synnex< / ><>SNX< / ><>0.8< / ><>18< / ><>253.97< / ><>-6.16< / >< / ><><>-90.00< / ><>256.50< / ><>190.00< / ><>T-Mobile Connectivity< / ><>TMUS< / ><>0.0< / ><>0< / ><>202.66< / ><>-0.35< / >< / ><><>-26.58< / ><>16.25< / ><>9.20< / ><>Telus< / ><>TU< / ><>11.3< / ><>dd< / ><>9.67< / ><>-0.09< / >< / ><><>43.60< / ><>58.24< / ><>32.11< / ><>Ternium< / ><>TX< / ><>4.0< / ><>15< / ><>54.84< / ><>-0.99< / >< / ><><>28.99< / ><>167.69< / ><>80.62< / ><>TFI Intl< / ><>TFII< / ><>1.4< / ><>33< / ><>133.31< / ><>-2.95< / >< / ><><>-12.04< / ><>130.00< / ><>137.55< / ><>TJX< / ><>1.4< / ><>25< / ><>135.12< / ><>0.90< / >< / ><><>-11.66< / ><>226.94< / ><>176< / ><>TGCO< / ><>TKO< / ><>1.7< / ><>64< / ><>184.64< / ><>0.30< / >< / ><><>-10.65< / ><>166.66< / ><>66.66< / ><>T-MobileUS< / ><>TMUS< / ><>1.0< / ><>16< / ><>133.37< / ><>4.63< / >< / ><><>-15.46< / ><>70.38< / ><>36.95< / ><>TPG< / ><>4.2< / ><>81< / ><>53.97< / ><>0.03< / >< / ><><>8.65< / ><>122< / ><>85.22< / ><>T RowePrice< / ><>TROW< / ><>4.7< / ><>11< / ><>111.24< / ><>-1.12< / >< / ><><>71.96< / ><>223.83< / ><>42.69< / ><>TTM< / ><>50.56< / ><>TysonFoods< / ><>TSON< / ><>3.7< / ><>33< / ><>55.40< / ><>0.05< / >< / ><><>18.55< / ><>55.15< / ><>36.30< / ><>UBS Group< / ><>UBS< / ><>1.3< / ><>19< / ><>54.90< / ><>0.54< / >< / ><><>1.20< / ><>42< / ><>32.94< / ><>UDR< / ><>4.7< / ><>24< / ><>37.12< / ><>0.04< / >< / ><><>36.40< / ><>61.45< / ><>41.14< / ><>UltaHaul< / ><>UTHAHL< / ><>0.0< / ><>46< / ><>44.59< / ><>0.18< / >< / ><><>29.29< / ><>66.90< / ><>39.62< / ><>U-Haul N< / ><>UHALB< / ><>0.3415< / ><>60.45< / ><>0.38< / ><>< / >< / ><><>-5.62< / ><>107.54< / ><>61.64< / ><>UL Solutions< / ><>ULS< / ><>0.8< / ><>30< / ><>74.43< / ><>-1.12< / >< / ><><>25.68< / ><>153.32< / ><>103.38< / ><>UMB< / ><>210.84< / ><>UnionPacific< / ><>UNIP< / ><>1.85< / ><>25< / ><>307.41< / ><>-0.26< / >< / ><><>-1.09< / ><>138.77< / ><>84.64< / ><>UnitedAirlines< / ><>UAL< / ><>...< / ><>10< / ><>110.60< / ><>-1.79< / >< / ><><>15.13< / ><>108.56< / ><>71.56< / ><>UnitedMicro< / ><>UBRO< / ><>1.6< / ><>19< / ><>78.79< / ><>0.73< / >< / ><><>6.19< / ><>122.41< / ><>82< / ><>UPS B< / ><>UPS< / ><>6.25< / ><>201< / ><>105.33< / ><>-0.25< / >< / ><><>27.30< / ><>1179.18< / ><>701.59< / ><>UnitedRentals< / ><>URI< / ><>0.75< / ><>201< / ><>1030.25< / ><>-7.26< / >< / ><><>17.07< / ><>66.08< / ><>45.02< / ><>US

Bancorp< / td> USB< / ><>3.3< / ><>12< / ><>62.47< / ><>0.07< / >< / tr> <>5.79< / ><>609.35< / ><>302.19< / ><>UnitedTherap< / ><>UTHR< / ><>...< / ><>18< / ><>515.46< / ><>-12.45< / >< / ><><>19.04< / ><>461.62< / ><>255.97< / ><>UnitedHealth< / ><>UNH< / ><>2.4< / ><>25< / ><>392.95< / ><>-2.10< / >< / ><><>-1.88< / ><>24.98< / ><>10.85< / ><>UnitedSoftware< / ><>UWSA< / ><>...< / ><>dd< / ><>23.31< / ><>-0.12< / >< / ><><>21.26< / ><>246.32< / ><>140.08< / ><>UniversalHealthB< / ><>UHS< / ><>0.5< / ><>7< / ><>171.66< / ><>-0.92< / >< / ><><>20.06< / ><>94.55< / ><>68.70< / ><>UnumGroup< / ><>UNM< / ><>2.2< / ><>22< / ><>93.05< / ><>0.60< / >< / ><><>-8.00< / ><>33.91< / ><>25.75< / ><>VICI

d>16.34< / ><>-0.55< / >< / ><><>105.05< / ><>90.47< / ><>11.09< / ><>VivriSolutions< / ><>VIAV< / ><>...< / ><>dd< / ><>36.54< / ><>-1.95< / >< / ><><>23.31< / ><>118.99< / ><>84.00< / ><>Viking< / ><>VIK< / ><>...< / ><>dd< / ><>46.50< / ><>-1.51< / >< / ><><>14.37< / ><>51.13< / ><>35.10< / ><>ViperEnergy< / ><>VNOM< / ><>5.536< / ><>44.18< / ><>-44.09< / ><>< / >< / table>

WXYZ

d><>24< / ><>76.45< / ><>-0.71< / >< / ><><>-43.15< / ><>28.23< / ><>11.06< / ><>Xpeng< / ><>XPEV< / ><>...< / ><>dd< / ><>11.55< / ><>0.20< / >< / ><><>-18.26< / ><>154.27< / ><>105.29< / ><>Kylem< / ><>XYL< / ><>1.5< / ><>26< / ><>103.31< / ><>-1.35< / >< / ><><>38.83< / ><>57.49< / ><>22.82< / ><>YPL< / ><>YPF< / ><>0.0< / ><>10< / ><>57.20< / ><>-0.28< / >< / ><><>1.71< / ><>170.14< / ><>137.33< / ><>YumBrands< / ><>YUM< / ><>1.9< / ><>19< / ><>153.86< / ><>3.11< / >< / ><><>-5.70< / ><>58.39< / ><>40.15< / ><>YumChina< / ><>YUMC< / ><>2.6< / ><>17< / ><>45.02< / ><>0.11< / >< / ><><>2.92< / ><>26.20< / ><>17.74< / ><>ZTO

Express< / ><>ZTO< / ><>3.1< / ><>12< / ><>21.50< / ><>0.31< / >< / ><><>46.80< / ><>386.23< / ><>199.05< / ><>ZebraTech< / ><>ZBRA< / ><>...< / ><>33< / ><>356.45< / ><>-4.66< / >< / ><><>-14.88< / ><>149.12< / ><>109.12< / ><>ZebraBiomet< / ><>ZBHIB< / ><>1.0< / ><>23< / ><>119.91< / ><>1.47< / >< / ><><>15.78< / ><>73.34< / ><>46.19< / ><>ZionsBancorp< / ><>ZION< / ><>2.8< / ><>9< / ><>67.78< / ><>-0.13< / >< / ><><>-38.53< / ><>156.49< / ><>71< / ><>Zoetis< / ><>ZTS< / ><>2.7< / ><>17< / ><>73.34< / ><>2.32< / >< / ><><>14.07< / ><>114.74< / ><>70.70< / ><>ZoomComms< / ><>ZM< / ><>...< / ><>9< / ><>98.43< / ><>-1.84< / >< / ><><>-18.09< / ><>336.99< / ><>114.62< / ><>Zscaler< / ><>ZS< / ><>...< / ><>dd< / ><>184.23< / ><>-3.07< / >< / table>

共同基金

数据提供方< / td><>LSEG< / >< / tr>< / table>

按净资产排列的纳斯达克公布份额类别的前 250 个共同基金列表。e-除权分红。f-前一日报价。g-适用脚注 x 和 s。j-适用脚注 e 和 s。k-由 LSEG 使用更新数据重新计算。p-分销成本,12b-1 r-赎回费可能。s-股票拆分或股息。t-脚注 p 和 r。v-脚注 x 和 e。x-除息。z-脚注 x, e 和 s。NA-由于价格、业绩或成本数据不完整而不可用。NE-LSEG 未发布;数据审核中。NN-未跟踪基金。NS-期初该基金不存在。

0.39< / ><>10.1< / >< / ><><>ICAA< / ><>69.60< / ><>-0.01< / ><>11.9< / >< / ><><>IncoA< / ><>28.41< / ><>-0.04< / ><>10.2< / >< / ><><>N PerA< / ><>76.18< / ><>-0.18< / ><>7.9< / >< / ><><>NEcoA< / ><>86.57< / ><>-0.49< / ><>19.2< / >< / ><><>NwWrldA< / ><>106.88< / ><>-0.30< / ><>16.5< / >< / ><><>SmCpA< / ><>83.52< / ><>-0.94< / ><>14.0< / >< / ><><>WshA< / ><>68.95< / ><>+0.04< / ><>10.6< / >< / table>

Artisan Funds

2026年8月28日,星期五

<><>基金< / ><>资产净值 (NAV)< / ><>净变动< / ><>年初至今回报率 (%)< / >< / ><><>IntlVal Inst< / ><>NA< / ><>...< / ><>NA< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">Baird Funds< / >< / ><><>AggBdlnst< / ><>9.67< / ><>-0.03< / ><>-0.1< / >< / ><><>CorBdlnst< / ><>10.04< / ><>-0.02< / ><>0.1< / >< / ><><>IntBdlnst< / ><>10.31< / ><>-0.03< / ><>0.3< / >< / ><><>ShtTbDlnst< / ><>9.44< / ><>-0.02< / ><>1.3< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">BlackRock Funds< / >< / ><><>HiYBlk< / ><>7.12< / ><>-0.01< / ><>2.9< / >< / ><><>HiYldBd Inst< / ><>7.12< / ><>...< / ><>2.9< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">BlackRock Funds III< / >< / ><><>iShS&P500IdxK879.57< / ><>-2.51< / ><>-2.20< / ><>13.5< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">BlackRock Funds Inst< / >< / ><><>StratincOpptylns< / ><>9.67< / ><>-0.02< / ><>2.1< / >< / ><><

colspan="4">Calamos Funds< / >< / ><><>MktNeutl< / ><>16.31< / ><>...< / ><>4.3< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">CausewayInst< / >< / ><><>CausewayInst 26.10< / ><>...< / ><>11.1< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">Columbia Class A< / >< / ><><>SelgComunInfoA240.80< / ><>-3.45< / ><>53.7< / ><>< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">Columbia Class I< / >< / ><><>DivIncom I< / ><>40.91< / ><>+0.08< / ><>13.7< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">Dimensional Fds< / >< / table>

<><>基金< / ><>资产净值 (NAV)< / ><>净变动< / ><>年初至今回报率 (%)< / >< / ><><>EmgMktVa< / ><>45.60< / ><>+0.01< / ><>23.6< / >< / ><><>EmMktCorEq< / ><>34.79< / ><>-0.17< / ><>20.6< / >< / ><><>IntlCoreEq< / ><>23.12< / ><>-0.13< / ><>15.4< / >< / ><><>IntlVal< / ><>33.32< / ><>-0.06< / ><>18.1< / >< / ><><>IntSmCo< / ><>28.70< / ><>-0.23< / ><>13.4< / >< / ><><>IntSmVa< / ><>36.07< / ><>-0.24< / ><>18.1< / >< / ><><>LgCo< / ><>51.20< / ><>-0.13< / ><>13.5< / >< / ><><>US CoreEq1< / ><>56.67< / ><>-0.20< / ><>14.9< / >< / ><><>US CoreEq2< / ><>50.60< / ><>-0.20< / ><>15.0< / >< / ><><> Small< / ><>61.73< / ><>-0.56< / ><>18.7< / >< / ><><> SmCpVal< / ><>62.56< / ><>-0.13< / ><>22.1< / >< / ><><>

TgdVal< / td> 44.32< / ><>0.12< / ><>20.8< / >< / tr> <>USLgVa< / ><>68.44< / ><>0.04< / ><>22.5< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">Dodge & Cox< / >< / ><><>Balanced< / ><>14.24< / ><>0.03< / ><>7.5< / >< / ><><>Income< / ><>12.56< / ><>0.04< / ><>0.1< / >< / ><><>Intl Stk< / ><>18.76< / ><>0.02< / ><>14.0< / >< / ><><>Stock< / ><>18.36< / ><>0.09< / ><>12.5< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">DoubleLine Funds< / >< / ><><>TotRetBdl< / ><>8.65< / ><>0.03< / ><>0.3< / >< / ><><>Fidelity< / ><>< / >< / table>

<><>基金< / ><>资产净值 (NAV)< / ><>净变动< / ><>年初至今回报率 (%)< / >< / ><><>500IdxInstPrem268.33< / ><>0.66< / ><>13.5< / ><>< / >< / ><><>Contrafund K6< / ><>37.60< / ><>0.15< / ><>10.5< / >< / ><><>EmgMktldInstPre< / ><>16.91< / ><>0.14< / ><>23.6< / >< / ><><>ExtMktldInstPre< / ><>117.16< / ><>1.63< / ><>16.4< / >< / ><><>FidSer5< / ><>7.46< / ><>0.05< / ><>0.1< / >< / ><><>FidSerInt< / ><>8.36< / ><>0.01< / ><>0.1< / >< / ><><>FidSerToMarket< / ><>25.23< / ><>0.09< / ><>13.9< / >< / ><><>FIDZroLgCplx< / ><>27.63< / ><>0.08< / ><>13.2< / >< / ><><>GlexUSldInstPre< / ><>21.84< / ><>0.11< / ><>17.0< / >< / ><><>GrowthCompanyK5< / ><>45.85< / ><>0.54< / ><>23.9< / >< / ><><>IntlIdxInstPrem< / ><>69.33< / ><>0.19< / ><>14.0< / >< / ><><>LgCpGwld InstPre< / ><>48.13< / ><>0.48< / ><>4.1< / >< / ><><>LgCpVllIdxInstPrem< / ><>25.62< / ><>0.07< / ><>23.8< / >< / ><><>MidCpldxInstPrem< / ><>43.33< / ><>0.40< / ><>17.3< / >< / ><><>SAIUSgCpldxFd< / ><>30.91< / ><>0.07< / ><>13.5< / >< / ><><>SeriesBondFd< / ><>8.89< / ><>0.03< / ><>0.1< / >< / ><><>SeriesOverseas< / ><>16.15< / ><>0.07< / ><>8.2< / >< / ><><>SerLTTreBdldx< / ><>5.14< / ><>0.02< / ><>2.1< / >< / ><><>SmCplxInstPrem< / ><>37.28< / ><>0.53< / ><>20.7< / >< / ><><>TMktldxInstPrem212.53< / ><>0.79< / ><>0.53< / ><>13.8< / >< / ><><>TotalMarketIndex< / ><>26.93< / ><>0.10< / ><>13.9< / >< / ><><>TtlIntIdxInstPr< / ><>20.21< / ><>0.11< / ><>16.7< / >< / ><><>USBdldxInstPrem< / ><>10.29< / ><>0.03< / ><>0.1< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">Fidelity Advisor< / >< / ><><>TotBdFdCIZ< / ><>9.40< / ><>0.03< / ><>0.1< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">Fidelity Advisor I< / >< / ><><>GrOpp1< / ><>263.83< / ><>2.26< / ><>12.8< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">Fidelity Freedom< / >< / ><><>Freedom2040k6< / ><>14.58< / ><>0.07< / ><>13.8< / >< / ><><>Idx2030InsPre< / ><>24.43< / ><>0.09< / ><>8.4< / >< / ><><>Idx2035InsPre< / ><>29.07< / ><>0.11< / ><>9.6< / >< / ><><>Idx2040InsPre< / ><>32.15< / ><>0.12< / ><>11.9< / >< / ><><>Idx2045InsPre< / ><>34.91< / ><>0.14< / ><>13.4< / >< / ><><>Idx2050InsPre< / ><>35.12< / ><>0.15< / ><>13.7< / >< / table>

in< / ><>28.56< / ><>0.14< / ><>10.5< / >< / ><><>SAILTTreBdlxd< / ><>6.38< / ><>0.03< / ><>2.5< / >< / ><><>SAIUSMinVolIndFd< / ><>25.36< / ><>0.04< / ><>11.2< / >< / ><><>SAIUSQtyldxd< / ><>27.01< / ><>0.08< / ><>12.8< / >< / ><><>Srs1000ValIndRet< / ><>22.56< / ><>0.06< / ><>23.8< / >< / ><><>SrsBlChGroRetail< / ><>26.82< / ><>0.24< / ><>16.7< / >< / ><><>SrsEmrgMkt< / ><>31.28< / ><>0.29< / ><>26.9< / >< / ><><>SrsGlobal< / ><>21.42< / ><>0.11< / ><>17.0< / >< / ><><>SrsGroCoRetail< / ><>33.73< / ><>0.42< / ><>23.7< / >< / ><><>SrsIntlGrw< / ><>21.10< / ><>0.21< / ><>10.4< / >< / ><><>SrsIntlVal< / ><>17.44< / ><>...< / ><>11.8< / >< / ><><>TotalBond< / ><>9.42< / ><>0.03< / ><>0.1< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">Fidelity

SAI< / td>< / tr> FidSaiCndlnxFnd< / ><>16.41< / ><>-0.15< / ><>15.2< / >< / ><><>FidSailInftnFnd< / ><>10.01< / ><>-0.04< / ><>0.8< / >< / ><><>IntlValldx< / ><>15.13< / ><>-0.03< / ><>20.2< / >< / ><><>TotalBd< / ><>8.91< / ><>-0.03< / ><>0.1< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">Fidelity Selects< / >< / ><><>Semiconductors r< / ><>59.53< / ><>-2.25< / ><>50.1< / >< / ><><>Tech< / ><>54.66< / ><>-0.95< / ><>36.4< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">Fidelity Strategic A< / >< / table>

<><>基金< / ><>资产净值 (NAV)< / ><>涨跌< / ><>回报率 (%)< / >< / ><><>StratAdEmrMrt< / ><>NA< / ><>...< / ><>NA< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">First Eagle Funds< / >< / ><><>GlbA< / ><>90.92< / ><>-0.21< / ><>13.0< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">Franklin A1< / >< / ><><>IncomeA1< / ><>2.58< / ><>...< / ><>6.9< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">FrankTemp / Frank Adv< / >< / ><><>IncomeAdv< / ><>2.56< / ><>...< / ><>7.5< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">FrankTemp / Franklin A< / >< / ><><>DynaTech A< / ><>200.12< / ><>-2.81< / ><>7.4< / >< / ><><>Growth A< / ><>146.78< / ><>-0.65< / ><>9.0< / >< / ><><>RisDv A< / ><>98.50< / ><>-0.01< / ><>9.4< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">Guggenheim Funds Tru< / >< / ><><>TotRtnBdFdCInst< / ><>< / ><>...< / ><>< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">Harbor

Funds< / >< / ><><>CapAplnst< / ><>126.28< / ><>-0.31< / ><>8.3< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">JHF III DispVal< / >< / ><><>DispValMCI< / ><>32.02< / ><>-0.05< / ><>16.6< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">John Hancock< / >< / ><><>BondR6< / ><>13.33< / ><>-0.04< / ><>0.1< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">JPMorgan I Class< / >< / ><><>CoreBond< / ><>10.12< / ><>-0.03< / ><>-0.2< / >< / ><><>EqInc< / ><>29.12< / ><>+0.09< / ><>18.7< / >< / ><><>LgCpGwth< / ><>83.79< / ><>-0.85< / ><>2.4< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">JPMorgan R Class< / >< / ><><>CoreBond< / ><>10.13< / ><>-0.03< / ><>-0.2< / >< / ><><>CorePlusBd< / ><>7.12< / ><>-0.02< / ><>0.6< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">Lord Abbett I< / >< / ><><>ShtDurInc p< / ><>3.82< / ><>-0.01< / ><>1.5< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">Metropolitan

West< / >< / ><><>TotRetBdl< / ><>< / ><>...< / ><>< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">MFS Funds< / >< / ><><>IIE< / ><>44.37< / ><>+0.05< / ><>9.3< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">MFS Funds Class I< / >< / ><><>Valuei< / ><>55.81< / ><>+0.12< / ><>11.9< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">Natixis Funds< / >< / table>

<><>基金< / ><>资产净值 (NAV)< / ><>净涨跌< / ><>年初至今回报率 (%)< / >< / ><><>LSGrowthY< / ><>33.79< / ><>-0.06< / ><>1.7< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">Northern Funds< / >< / ><><>Stkldx< / ><>76.88< / ><>-0.19< / ><>13.5< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">Old Westbury Fds< / >< / ><><>LrgCpStr< / ><>< / ><>...< / ><>< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">PGIM Funds Cl Z< / >< / ><><>TotalReturnBond< / ><>< / ><>...< / ><>< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">PIMCO Fds Instl< / >< / ><><>IntlBdUSH< / ><>< / ><>...< / ><>< / >< / ><><>TotRt< / ><>< / ><>...< / ><>< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">PIMCO Funds A< / >< / ><><>IncomeFd< / ><>< / ><>...< / ><>< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">PIMCO Funds I2< / >< / ><><>Income< / ><>< / ><>...< / ><>< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">PIMCO Funds

Instl< / td>< / tr> IncomeFd< / ><>NA< / ><>...< / ><>NA< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">Price Funds< / >< / ><><>BlChip< / ><>214.06< / ><>-1.58< / ><>1.8< / >< / ><><>LgCapGow I< / ><>89.40< / ><>-0.86< / ><>5.2< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">Putnam Funds Class A< / >< / ><><>PutLargCap p< / ><>45.53< / ><>+0.10< / ><>16.5< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">Putnam Funds Class Y< / >< / ><><>PutLargCap< / ><>45.55< / ><>+0.10< / ><>16.7< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">Schwab Funds< / >< / ><><>1000 Inv r< / ><>16.55< / ><>-0.05< / ><>13.7< / >< / ><><>FunUSLgInst r< / ><>38.60< / ><>+0.05< / ><>20.4< / >< / ><><>Intl Sel r< / ><>32.74< / ><>-0.10< / ><>14.0< / >< / ><><>S&P Sel< / ><>19.90< / ><>-0.05< / ><>13.5< / >< / ><><>TSM Sel r< / ><>18.65< / ><>-0.07< / ><>13.8< / >< / ><><

colspan="4">Strategic Adviser< / >< / ><><>StratAdCorlFnd< / ><>< / ><>...< / ><>< / >< / ><><>StratAdFidCoreS< / ><>9.05< / ><>-0.03< / ><>0.4< / >< / ><><>StratAdFidEmr< / ><>19.18< / ><>-0.18< / ><>26.3< / >< / ><><>StratAdFidUS< / ><>22.11< / ><>-0.10< / ><>16.7< / >< / table>

<><>基金< / ><>资产净值 (NAV)< / ><>净变动< / ><>年初至今回报率 %< / >< / ><><>StratAdlIntlFnd< / ><>< / ><>...< / ><>< / >< / ><><>StratAdlMunBond< / ><>< / ><>...< / ><>< / >< / ><><>StratAdvFidlntl< / ><>16.77< / ><>-0.06< / ><>13.5< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">TIAA / CREF Funds< / >< / ><><>EqldxInst< / ><>< / ><>...< / ><>< / >< / ><><>IntEqldxInst< / ><>< / ><>...< / ><>< / >< / ><><>LrgCpGrldxInst< / ><>79.22< / ><>-0.78< / ><>4.3< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">VANGUARD

ADMIRAL< / >< / ><><>500Adml< / ><>712.67< / ><>-1.75< / ><>13.5< / >< / ><><>BalAdml< / ><>54.99< / ><>-0.19< / ><>8.2< / >< / ><><>CAITAdml< / ><>11.34< / ><>-0.01< / ><>0.2< / >< / ><><>CapOpAdml< / ><>r268.55< / ><>-2.55< / ><>23.8< / >< / ><><>DivAppldxAdm< / ><>65.98< / ><>-0.03< / ><>11.5< / >< / ><><>EMAdmr< / ><>50.42< / ><>-0.11< / ><>13.1< / >< / ><><>EqIncAdml< / ><>104.15< / ><>-0.10< / ><>13.4< / >< / ><><>ExplrAdml< / ><>124.03< / ><>-2.31< / ><>16.3< / >< / ><><>ExtndAdml< / ><>183.83< / ><>-2.55< / ><>16.5< / >< / ><><>GroIncAdml< / ><>122.37< / ><>-0.31< / ><>12.1< / >< / ><><>GrwthAdml< / ><>273.42< / ><>-1.16< / ><>9.1< / >< / ><><>HlthCareAdml r< / ><>90.01< / ><>-0.74< / ><>8.7< / >< / ><><>HYCorAdml

r< / ><>5.46< / ><>-0.01< / ><>2.2< / >< / ><><>InfProAd< / ><>22.72< / ><>-0.12< / ><>0.5< / >< / ><><>InfTechIdx< / ><>491.88< / ><>-7.71< / ><>27.8< / >< / ><><>IntiGrAdml< / ><>127.36< / ><>-0.46< / ><>11.7< / >< / ><><>ITBondAdml< / ><>10.19< / ><>-0.04< / ><>-0.7< / >< / ><><>ITIGradeAdml< / ><>8.60< / ><>-0.04< / ><>-0.4< / >< / ><><>LarCapAd< / ><>178.99< / ><>-0.42< / ><>13.3< / >< / ><><>MidCpAdml< / ><>408.65< / ><>-2.97< / ><>14.5< / >< / ><><>MuHYAdml< / ><>10.49< / ><>-0.01< / ><>1.3< / >< / ><><>MulntAdml< / ><>13.52< / ><>-0.02< / ><>0.2< / >< / ><><>MuLTAdml< / ><>10.63< / ><>-0.01< / ><>0.6< / >< / ><><>MuLtdAdml< / ><>10.91< / ><>-0.01< / ><>1.3< / >< / ><><>MuShtAdml< / ><>15.83< / ><>-0.01< / ><>1.7< / >< / ><><>PrmcPAdml

r< / ><>229.15< / ><>-1.21< / ><>23.9< / >< / ><><>RealEstatAdml137.82< / ><>-0.59< / ><>-0.29< / ><>12.1< / >< / table>

基金< / td><>资产净值 (NAV)< / ><>净变化< / ><>年初至今回报率 (%)< / >< / tr><><>SmCapAdml< / ><>144.06< / ><>-1.74< / ><>17.4< / >< / ><><>SmGthAdml< / ><>123.65< / ><>-2.50< / ><>16.8< / >< / ><><>STIGradeAdml< / ><>10.31< / ><>-0.03< / ><>1.1< / >< / ><><>STIPSlxAdml< / ><>24.91< / ><>-0.06< / ><>1.9< / >< / ><><>TotBdAdml< / ><>9.50< / ><>-0.03< / ><>-0.2< / >< / ><><>TotIntBldxAdml< / ><>19.04< / ><>-0.03< / ><>-0.1< / >< / ><><>TotIntAdmldx r< / ><>46.97< / ><>-0.24< / ><>16.5< / >< / ><><>TotStAdml< / ><>184.65< / ><>-0.67< / ><>13.8< / >< / ><><>TxMCapAdml< / ><>396.69< / ><>-1.29< / ><>13.4< / >< / ><><>TxMln r< / ><>23.46< / ><>-0.15< / ><>17.7< / >< / ><><>USGroAdml< / ><>199.42< / ><>-1.65< / ><>2.2< / >< / ><><>ValAdml< / ><>87.89< / ><>-0.09< / ><>19.2< / >< / ><><>WdsrlAdml< / ><>95.61< / ><>+0.29< / ><>15.5< / >< / ><><>WellslAdml< / ><>63.11< / ><>-0.16< / ><>4.3< / >< / ><><>WelltnAdml< / ><>81.73< / ><>-0.17< / ><>7.1< / >< / ><><>WndsrAdml< / ><>85.31< / ><>+0.09< / ><>16.1< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">VANGUARD< / >< / ><><>< / ><>75.09< / ><>-0.31< / ><>13.5< / >< / ><><>TgtRetInc< / ><>14.37< / ><>-0.05< / ><>4.8< / >< / ><><>Welltn< / ><>47.33< / ><>-0.10< / ><>7.0< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">VANGUARD INDEX FDS< / >< / table>

<><>基金< / ><>资产净值 (NAV)< / ><>净变化< / ><>年初至今回报率 (%)< / >< / ><><>ExtndlstPI< / ><>453.63< / ><>-6.29< / ><>16.5< / >< / ><><>IdxIntl< / ><>28.07< / ><>-0.15< / ><>16.4< / >< / ><><>MdCpGrAdml< / ><>130.343< / ><>-1.76< / ><>8.9< / >< / ><><>MdCpVAdml< / ><>107.64< / ><>-0.29< / ><>18.4< / >< / ><><>SmValAdml< / ><>106.04< / ><>-0.64< / ><>17.7< / >< / ><><>TotBd2< / ><>9.37< / ><>-0.03< / ><>-0.2< / >< / ><><>TotIntlInstldx< / ><>118.872< / ><>-1.00< / ><>16.5< / >< / ><><>TotllInstPldx< / ><>118.87< / ><>-0.99< / ><>16.5< / >< / ><><>TotSt< / ><>184.61< / ><>-0.67< / ><>13.8< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">VANGUARD INSTL< / >< / ><><>< / ><>< / ><>13.8< / >< / ><><>SmCapInst< / ><>144.06< / ><>-1.74< / ><>17.4< / >< / ><><>SmCaplstPI< / ><>415.82< / ><>-5.01< / ><>17.4< / >< / ><><>STIGradelnst< / ><>10.31< / ><>-0.03< / ><>1.1< / >< / ><><>STIPSiXins< / ><>24.92< / ><>-0.07< / ><>1.8< / >< / ><><>TotBdlnst< / ><>9.50< / ><>-0.03< / ><>-0.2< / >< / ><><>TotBdlnst2< / ><>9.37< / ><>-0.03< / ><>-0.2< / >< / ><><>TotBdlnstPI< / ><>9.50< / ><>-0.03< / ><>-0.1< / >< / ><><>TotIntBdldxInst< / ><>28.58< / ><>-0.04< / ><>...< / >< / ><><>TotStInst< / ><>184.68< / ><>-0.67< / ><>13.8< / >< / ><><>ValueInst< / ><>87.89< / ><>-0.08< / ><>19.2< / >< / ><>< colspan="4">WCM Focus Funds< / >< / table>

WCMFocIntlGrwIns 28.55 -0.18 14.8

CAROLYN FONG 为 WSJ 供稿

英伟达利用雄厚资金维持 AI 热潮

作者:ANISSA GARDIZY 和 ROBBIE WHELAN

英伟达(Nvidia)曾接近达成一项里程碑式的协议,旨在帮助 OpenAI 确保全球规模最大的计划中数据中心项目之一,但该公司首席财务官科莱特·克雷斯(Colette Kress)随后踩了刹车。

据知情人士透露,由于担心投资者会对《华尔街日报》的一篇报道产生负面反应——该报道称英伟达正在洽谈为一项预计耗资超过 5000 亿美元 billion 的项目提供财务担保——克雷斯推动缩减了协议规模。最终,英伟达同意担保的金额低于最初讨论金额的一半。

这是一次战术性撤退,但在利用资产负债表来支撑 AI 热潮的整体战略上,英伟达没有表现出任何让步的迹象。

周三,这家全球唯一 $5 trillion 的公司公布了第二季度财报,其中包含了一个令人震惊的重磅消息:该公司预计其营收增长速度将远超华尔街分析师的预期。股价在盘后交易中上涨,并在周四实现了 4420 亿美元 billion 的市值增长。该公司股价在周五下跌了近 4.6%。

英伟达的高管们利用营收消息带来的积极氛围,全力且肯定地论证公司越来越多地使用财务担保、股权投资和其他机制,以帮助客户购买数量日益增加的人工智能芯片。

克雷斯点名提到了一些英伟达近期采取的重大行动,包括位于俄亥俄州联邦土地上的数据中心项目;一项与六家华尔街主要投资公司合作、为芯片采购提供 5000 亿美元 billion 融资的计划;以及一项提供“选择性信用增强”的协议,旨在使一家未具名的 AI 实验室能够购买 2 gigawatts 的计算

克雷斯表示,英伟达已向前沿 AI 实验室投资近 500 亿美元 billion。

电力;以及为同意与英伟达分享部分收入的新兴云公司提供信用支持。(《华尔街日报》此前报道,部分收入分成协议已被暂停。)

克雷斯还表示,英伟达已向前沿 AI 实验室投资近 500 亿美元 billion。

“我们意识到这种支持的规模,并且知道有些人会将其称为循环融资。但我们的看法不同,”她说道。

英伟达是如何看待的?

克雷斯表示,OpenAI、Anthropic 以及其他所谓的前沿实验室,“其增长速度超过了其资产负债表和信用状况所能支撑的范围”。它们正以史无前例的速度推高营收,但这种增长只有在能够获得更多计算能力的情况下才能持续,而只要它们缺乏以竞争性利率借入巨额资金的能力,就很难独立实现这一点。

克雷斯表示,在它们能够独立实现之前,“需要英伟达来帮助驱动这个飞轮”。

此前,在英伟达计划在俄亥俄州提供担保的消息传出后,其股价下跌了 5%;与之形成对比的是,投资者对克雷斯周三的言论反应积极,股价大涨 $8.7\%$——这创下了历史上单日市值增长第二高的记录。

Gabelli Funds 的投资组合经理约翰·贝尔顿(John Belton)表示,这些融资计划旨在加速 AI 数据中心的建设并降低小型云公司的借贷成本,但由于市场对循环融资的持续担忧,他称这些举措对股价而言是“两极分化的”。不过他认为,帮助客户负担得起数据中心可能是合理的。

“这场争论不太可能在短期内得到解决,”贝尔顿说。“但目前,这些举措应该会对近期和中期的营收及盈利增长提供支撑。”

英伟达飞轮战略的最终体现可能是位于俄亥俄州波茨茅斯的数据中心项目。该项目计划规模为 10 吉瓦,将成为全球最大的此类设施——英伟达将为其中涉及的每个主要参与方提供财务支持,在某些情况下甚至提供多层级的支持。

为了帮助软银旗下的 SB Energy 筹集建设该园区的债务,英伟达同意为该场地的完工价值提供部分担保,最高达 1050 亿美元 billion。作为回报,英伟达拥有为该项目前半部分提供芯片的独家权利。预计英伟达将为 OpenAI 需要购买的芯片提供融资,预计整个建设过程的采购总额将达到 3500 亿美元 billion。

在宣布该消息当天,首席执行官黄仁勋在 X 的一篇帖子中直截了当地写道:“这是循环融资吗?”在回答—。

剖析 OpenAI 与英伟达的交易

在俄亥俄州的这笔交易中,英伟达支撑了 AI 生态系统中每个层级的参与者,以维持持续增长。OpenAI 签署租赁协议,SB Energy 建设数据中心,而英伟达则向该数据中心提供 GPU。

来源:员工及新闻报道 DREW AN-PHAM / WS.

ing,回答道:“不。”

黄仁勋将这种财务担保比作英伟达在管理供应链时采用的相同策略。他说:“当我们能够预见客户需求,且这样做能提升长期产能时,我们会确保关键投入的供应。”

随着 Anthropic 计划最早在 9 月进行 IPO,以及 OpenAI 预计在明年跟进,它们在购买芯片时对信用担保的需求应会随时间而减少。SpaceX 在上市后立即通过债券销售筹集了 250 亿美元 billion。

其他瓶颈依然存在。其中最突出的是电力。在这一领域,英伟达同样在利用其资产负债表,以确保客户有地方为服务器接电。

英伟达加快了在该领域的投资步伐,在几家不同的公司中投入了高达数十亿美元。英伟达的动机很明确:它合作的电力开发商越多,专门为其芯片(而非竞争对手的芯片)构建的数据中心就越多。

盖璞品牌重回巅峰,转型成效显现

作者:SUZANNE KAPNER

盖璞(Gap)多年来一直在积蓄势头。现在,投资者们开始相信其转型计划。

这家零售商的股价在周五飙升,此前该公司表示,在最近一个季度中,其同名盖璞品牌的销售额(不包括新开业或关闭的门店)增长了 $10% 在最近一个季度。收益超出分析师预期,且公司略微上调了全年的收益预期。

这个在 90 年代和 21 世纪初定义了美国风格的品牌正经历一场复兴。与维多利亚·贝克汉姆(Victoria Beckham)和海莉·比伯(Hailey Bieber)等名人的产品合作激发了人们的热情;而公司创意总监扎克·波森(Zac Posen)的设计在近年来也多次出现在 Met Gala、奥斯卡奖和其他红毯活动中。

“当优秀的产品与引人入胜的故事讲述以及严谨的执行力相结合时,就会产生一个强大的客户参与度和品牌势能的飞轮,”盖璞公司(Gap Inc.)首席执行官理查德·迪克森(Richard Dickson)在周四公布财务业绩后告诉分析师。

在时任首席执行官米基·德雷克斯勒(Mickey Drexler)的领导下,盖璞定义了一代美国人的着装方式,并在近二十年间成为了一个文化基石。它通过电视广告让卡其裤变得酷了起来,广告中模特们穿着卡其裤随着摇摆乐起舞。当莎朗·斯通(Sharon Stone)穿着一件盖璞 T 恤参加 1996 年奥斯卡颁奖典礼时,其基础款单品成为了名人光环的象征。而由麦当娜(Madonna)、斯派克·李(Spike Lee)和其他名流主演的广告——他们以自己的方式搭配盖璞的经典 T 恤和牛仔裤——引起了购物者的共鸣:他们也可以打造出属于自己的风格。

理查德·迪克森于 2023 年被任命为母公司首席执行官,他通过与名人合作并增加潮流产品的库存,使该品牌重新变得具有影响力。

但销售额在 21 世纪初大幅下滑,德雷克斯勒被迫离职。随后的几任首席执行官未能重新点燃这种魔力——直到现在。

在迪克森于 2023 年 8 月被任命为母公司首席执行官后不久,转型开始见效。迪克森曾任美泰(Mattel)高管并参与助力了芭比(Barbie)的复兴,他开始通过与名人及热门品牌合作,采取更精准的营销并推出更多符合趋势的产品,使品牌重新变得具有影响力。同店销售额已连续 11 个季度增长。

最新的业绩推动股价在周五上涨 13%,达到 $23.48. 这是一年多以来的最大涨幅。

该公司旗下的其他品牌近期表现则不尽如人意。在销售额最大的部门 Old Navy,最近一个季度的同店销售额下降了 $4% 在最近一个季度。迪克森表示,该品牌在连衣裙、短裤和泳装等关键夏季类别中未能达到预期,且其营销未能带动足够的业务。

“我们在品类选择和定价方面做出了一些决定,这影响了我们的价值主张,”迪克森说道。

他补充说,团队一直在努力解决这些不足,并在 8 月看到了改善。公司还调整了管理层。

海奥·巴贝托(Haio Barbeito),Old Navy 的总裁兼首席执行官,将于 11 月 2. 起转任顾问角色。接替他的是迈克尔·弗朗西斯(Michael Francis),后者于 2026 年加入 Old Navy 担任首席客户官兼营销共享服务负责人。

Banana Republic 的同店销售额增长了 3%。Athleta 的同店销售额下降了 12%,因为它在面对新竞争对手时失去了阵地。

母公司的整体销售额下降 2% 至 36.5 亿美元 billion,而去年同期为 37.3 亿美元 billion。

内存芯片短缺助力中国长鑫存储

作者:YANG JIE 和 SHERRY QIN

中国最大内存芯片制造商之一长鑫存储(CXMT)公布的惊人财报,提供了最新的证据,表明半导体公司正如何利用由人工智能热潮引发的全球内存短缺来获利。

长鑫存储(ChangXin Memory Technologies)公布的结果——这是其上月在上海上市后的首次财报——显示今年上半年实现了扭亏为盈,且营收增长了近十倍。

这凸显了这家总部位于合肥的公司之崛起速度之快,该公司正处于中国推动AI芯片自给自足的前沿。

长鑫存储周五表示,在截至6月的六个月中,营收飙升至 1503.1 亿美元 元,相当于 223.6 亿美元 billion。这一数字超过了该公司此前预估的 1100 亿美元 元-1200 亿美元 元。净利润达到 776.1 亿美元 元,同样高于指引。

强劲的业绩证明了全球内存短缺如何迅速转化为芯片制造商的意外之财。

人工智能公司一直在积极抢购用于数据中心的内存芯片,导致全球供应紧张并推高价格。

研究机构 TrendForce 估计,服务器动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)的合约价格在 2025, 下半年上涨了 64%,并认为今年仍有进一步上涨 270% 的空间。

投资者对半导体股票的热情同样高涨。长鑫存储的股票在7月的交易首秀中上涨了五倍多,该公司已超越腾讯成为中国市值最高的上市公司,目前市值接近 6000 亿美元 billion。

长鑫存储成立于 2016 年,由国家支持,已成为中国半导体雄心的基石,目前是全球第四大DRAM内存制造商。

随着北京与美国的竞争加剧,投资者押注中国客户将越来越多地用国产替代品取代外国内存芯片。

摩根士丹利预计,在中国AI基础设施建设和产能扩张的强劲需求推动下,长鑫存储在全球DRAM位出货量中的份额将从今年的 $11% 上升到 2030 年的 $15%。

供应限制也可能吸引海外客户转向长鑫存储,即便美国出口限制仍存在不确定性。最近在被问及是否放宽限制以利用中国内存芯片制造商时,苹果公司首席执行官蒂姆·库克(Tim Cook)告诉《华尔街日报》,所有选项都需要摆在桌面上讨论。

长鑫存储正致力于加速其下一代低功耗内存芯片的量产——这类芯片通常为高端智能手机和其他AI设备设计——以期缩小与规模更大的竞争对手之间的差距。

尽管崛起迅速,但如果长鑫存储想要跻身前三,仍有很长的路要走:三星电子、SK海力士和美光控制着全球 90% 以上的DRAM市场,而长鑫存储在先进AI内存产品方面仍处于落后地位。

分析师估计,这家中国公司落后于行业领导者两到三代。他们表示,长鑫存储的长期成功将取决于其在扩大产能以满足日益增长的AI需求的同时,能以多快的速度缩小技术差距。

Andreessen Horowitz 基金旨在解决 AI 供应瓶颈

作者:KATE CLARK

在马克·安德森(Marc Andreessen)发表著名的“软件正在吞噬世界”言论 15 年后,他的风险投资公司 Horowitz 正在对硬件进行一场豪赌。

Horowitz 为其首个专门的硬件基础设施基金(名为“机器时代”,Machine Age)筹集了 11 亿美元 billion。该基金将重点投资于人工智能处理器、内存芯片、网络设备、数据存储和机器人等领域。

“简单来说,这个基金将投资于数据中心四壁之内的所有事物,”科技行业资深人士拉古·拉古拉姆(Raghu Raghuram)表示。他的职业生涯始于互联网先驱 Netscape,当时他与安德森共事,随后担任 VMware 的首席执行官,并于去年加入 Horowitz 担任普通合伙人。

拉古拉姆将与普通合伙人马丁·卡萨多(Martin Casado)以及其他合伙人共同管理这支新基金。卡萨多同时领导该公司的软件基础设施基金。

卡萨多表示, Horowitz 过去曾投资过硬件公司,包括 SpaceX 和 Anduril,但“这从未成为主要焦点”。卡萨多在创立软件初创公司 Nicira 并在该公司被收购后担任 VMware 高管,于 2016 年加入 Horowitz。“我们的首要重点一直以来都是软件。”

随着 AI 基础设施瓶颈的增加,以及在 AI 热潮中涌现的大量在该领域创业的创始人,这种情况发生了改变。

“每当我们经历这样一个技术时代,基础设施都会承压,但我们从未见过如此剧烈的波动,”卡萨多说。“从芯片到内存,一直到电力,硬件供应链的每一个环节都面临产能限制。”

马克·安德森及其妻子。

随着人们日益意识到,维持 AI 的快速增长需要显著增加基础设施,风投行业已大规模向助力 AI 物理构建的公司转移。卡萨多表示,在注意到如此多才华横溢的创始人正在创建硬件公司后, Horowitz 决定筹集一支独立基金。

“我们的北极星通常是创始人以及创始人感兴趣的事物,”卡萨多说。“在过去的几年里,硬件领域的创始人活动极其活跃。”

根据 PitchBook 的数据,在过去一年中,半导体和自主机器初创公司从投资者那里筹集了约 1000 亿美元 billion。由风投支持的基础设施初创公司近期实现了一系列退出,激发了该领域的 enthusiasm。芯片公司 Cerebras 在 5 月完成了轰动业界的首次公开募股(IPO),而另一家芯片初创公司 Groq 在去年年底通过一项 200 亿美元 的交易将其技术授权给英伟达(Nvidia)。

拉古拉姆表示,这笔新资金也代表了风险投资的一种回归。“如果你回顾硅谷的历史,最初的风险投资家全部来自早期的半导体公司,并且在很长一段时间内为半导体投资提供承销,”拉古拉姆说。

根据最近的一份监管文件, Horowitz 的新基金仅占该公司 1000 亿美元 以上管理资产的一小部分。今年 1 月,这家风投巨头为一组新基金筹集了超过 150 亿美元 ,其中包括 67.5 亿美元 用于后期投资,以及为三种策略各筹集超过 10 亿美元 :专注于支持美国利益公司的“美国动力”(American Dynamism)、AI 应用以及软件基础设施。

JORDAN STRAUSS / INVISION / AP

Horowitz 是最活跃的初创公司投资者之一,并深度投资于 AI 的兴起,从 OpenAI 和 Thinking Machines 到 AI 编程公司 Cursor(该公司在一次 600 亿美元 的交易中被出售给 SpaceX)。

卡萨多对 AI 泡沫或即将到来的回调表示不以为意,他表示,虽然某些领域的估值可能会下降,但整体需求仍在持续增长。

安德鲁·卢德威克(Andrew Ludwick)

商业与金融

谷歌调整欧洲网站排名规则以规避反垄断罚款

作者:MAURO ORRU

Alphabet旗下的谷歌表示,它正在改变大多数欧洲地区包含第三方内容的某些网站在搜索结果中的排名方式,此举旨在安抚反垄断监管机构并避免可能面临的巨额罚款。

该公司在2024年推出了一项政策,一旦人工审核员认定网站上的某些元素不符合谷歌的垃圾内容政策,将在搜索结果中隐藏该网站的部分内容或整个页面。

该集团表示,其网站信誉政策旨在提高搜索质量,防止第三方在没有所有者密切监督的情况下,在受信任的网站上发布内容,仅为了利用该网站的良好信誉来提高搜索排名。

然而,欧盟的执行机构欧盟委员会去年11月表示,当新闻机构和其他出版商的页面包含商业合作伙伴的内容时,谷歌会在其搜索结果中降低这些网站的排名。

欧盟官员已就其可能违反《数字市场法》(Digital Markets Act)的行为展开调查。该法律允许欧盟对违规者处以最高其年度全球营收10%的罚款,在重复违规的情况下,罚款比例甚至可高达20%。

谷歌周五表示,它正在改变在欧洲经济区(EEA)执行网站信誉政策的方式,该区域包括所有27个欧盟成员国以及冰岛、列支敦士登和挪威。

该公司表示,从8月30日起,针对网站采取的行动将不会影响欧洲经济区内部用户的搜索结果,不过,网站受影响的部分可能会在谷歌系统中被分离,以便随着时间的推移独立于网站其余部分进行排名。针对网站采取的行动将继续影响欧洲经济区以外的搜索结果。

谷歌表示:“虽然我们仍然担心,对《数字市场法》过于宽泛的适用可能会阻碍我们应对搜索结果完整性所面临的真实威胁,但我们相信这种方法能让我们打击那些试图操纵用户搜索结果的行为。”

一名欧盟发言人表示,欧盟欢迎这一政策变动。

中国美团重回盈利

作者:TRACY QU

由于这家中国顶尖的外卖公司在世界第二大消费市场中从一场惨烈的价格战中恢复,美团在第二季度重回盈利。

这一结果打破了这家中国购物与配送平台连续三个季度的亏损局面。目前,美团正与阿里巴巴集团和京东(JD.com)展开竞争,以捍卫其在外卖领域的市场领导地位。

总部位于北京的美团周五表示,截至6月的三个月内,其净利润为 21.55 亿美元 元,相当于 $320.600 万。相比之下,第一季度记录的亏损为 68.2 亿美元 元,而去年同期净利润约为 3.65 亿 元。

营收同比增长 14%,达到 1046.4 亿美元 元,增速较上一季度的 5.6% 有所加快。

这两项数据均超出市场预期。根据FactSet汇总的共识预测,分析师此前预计净亏损为 14.3 亿美元 元,营收为 1015.6 亿美元 元。

美团表示:“随着外卖行业逐渐回归运营效率,我们的订单结构和用户结构都在持续改善。”

核心本地商业板块的营收增长了 10%,助力公司在第二季度实现营业利润。

包括海外业务在内的新业务部门,随着公司海外扩张取得进展,营收增长 $25,营业亏损有所收窄。

美团表示,其KeeTa平台保持了强劲的增长势头。“在香港,该业务实现了稳定的盈利,而中东市场则继续看到连续的效率提升,”公司表示。

星展银行(DBS)的分析师此前将该公司 2026 和 2027 年的盈利预测分别上调了 4% 和 6%,理由是外卖业务有所改善。他们在报告中称,随着主要竞争对手减少补贴并将资源从外卖领域转移,美团将从利润率的回升中获益。

中国银河国际表示,随着美团削减补贴,其外卖部门的单位经济效益在第二季度也可能转为盈利。

美团在香港上市的股票周五持平,导致今年以来的跌幅约为 25%。

海外增长助力比亚迪利润回升

作者:JIAHUI HUANG

尽管第二季度营收略有下降,但比亚迪的净利润有所回升,这表明这家全球最大的电动汽车销售商在快速海外扩张的帮助下,可能已经迎来转机。

在经历了激烈的价格战以及全球最大汽车市场需求放缓之后,这家中国领先的汽车制造商一直致力于摆脱国内销售疲软的局面。

随着这家电动汽车制造商押注海外增长(尤其是欧洲和拉丁美洲)以驱动其下一阶段的扩张,出口目前在总销量中所占的份额不断上升。

这家总部位于深圳的公司周五表示,2026年上半年的净利润同比下降21%,至123.3 亿美元元,相当于18.3 亿美元 billion。营收下降7.1%,至3448.2 亿美元元。

但《华尔街日报》的计算显示,鉴于第一季度净利润为40.8 亿美元元,第二季度净利润为82.5 亿美元元——同比增长30%。

季度营收为1945.9 亿美元元,鉴于

比亚迪季度净利润 150 亿美元人民币

注:10 亿美元元 = $148.800 万 来源:S&P Capital IQ;该公司

前三个月的营收为1502.3 亿美元元,同比下降3.2%。

这两项数据均低于市场预期。根据Visible Alpha汇总的共识预测,分析师此前预计截至6月的三个月内,净利润为89.9 亿美元元,营收为2165.5 亿美元元。

这些结果出现之际,比亚迪的增长引擎正转向海外,公司在海外市场发现了更快的增长速度和更高的利润率。

上半年利润率为18.85%,高于去年同期的18.01%。

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忠利保险考虑收购方对其私人银行提出的 100 亿美元 Billion 报价

作者:JOSHUA KIRBY

意大利忠利保险(Assicurazioni Generali)表示,愿意考虑竞争对手锡耶纳银行(Monte dei Paschi di Siena)对其旗下私人银行忠利银行(Banca Generali)提出的 100 亿美元.20 亿美元 收购报价,这是该国银行业最新的整合尝试。

被认为是欧洲最古老的仍在运营的贷款机构 MPS 针对忠利银行和 Banco BPM 发起了联合竞标,提出以每 1 股忠利银行股票兑换 6.958 股其自身股票,将该银行估值为 87.2 亿美元 欧元,相当于 100 亿美元.160 亿美元。该公司当时表示,该报价较忠利银行的股价有 10% 的溢价。

忠利银行的大股东忠利保险在周四晚间表示,公司“确认愿意评估 MPS 的提案,该提案设想通过更广泛的工业协作,在两家公司具有战略重要性的业务领域开发新的增长机会”。

这家保险公司表示,它正在研究该交易的影响,并称此次报价为非征求报价,在公开之前尚未达成一致。

BPM 本周早些时候表示,根据初步评估,MPS 的报价将其估值超过 250 亿美元 欧元,但缺乏股东溢价。该公司表示,其董事会将继续评估该报价。

联邦赫尔梅斯(Federated Hermes)的菲利波·阿洛亚蒂(Filippo Alloatti)在周四的一份简报中写道,这次联合竞标面临一些艰巨的障碍,包括获得忠利保险的支持。

“Monte dei Paschi 需要赢得几位持怀疑态度的股东的支持,”阿洛亚蒂说。MPS 表示,扩大后的集团将以约 4660 亿美元 欧元的形式资产负债表,成为意大利总资产第三大的银行。

MPS 的此次行动是在 2025. 年初发起一项令人意外的 190 亿美元 billion 报价并获得贷款机构 Mediobanca 的多数控制权之后。但意大利银行之间其他的整合尝试因股东反对和执行障碍而受挫。Mediobanca 本身是忠利保险的最大股东,去年一项针对忠利银行的报价被其自身的投资者否决,原因是在一名大股东弃权后,该举措未能获得批准。

今年夏天,当 BPM 和 Intesa Sanpaolo 发起竞争性的合并报价时,MPS 本身也成为了竞标战的目标,这巩固了意大利在欧洲银行业交易中心的地位。与此同时,意大利最大的银行之一 UniCredit 一直在谋求控制德国商业银行(Commerzbank),在今年的一次收购行动后,已获得了目标银行近一半的股份。

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企业。

加利福尼亚州帕洛阿尔托 —— 网络开拓者 SynOptics Communications 的联合创始人安德鲁·肯尼迪·卢德威克(Andrew Kennedy Ludwick)于 2, 2026. 6 月 2 日在加州帕洛阿尔托家中去世。他留下了他的妻子兼 60 年伴侣 Worth,三个孩子及其伴侣,九个孙辈以及遍布全美的无数好友。

安迪出生于俄亥俄州比弗克里克,在哈佛大学学习经济学,并在哈佛商学院获得工商管理硕士(MBA)学位。他深知计算机将改变世界,因此很早就为自己设定了成为技术企业总经理的目标。

In 1985, 他联合创立了 SynOptics Communications,该公司开创了双绞线以太网,并改变了企业市场的拓扑结构。由此产生的局域网使计算机能够直接相互通信,为今天的在线世界铺平了道路。作为首席执行官,安迪带领一支卓越的团队,使公司从硅谷最炙手可热的初创企业成长为一家财富 500 强公司。当他在 1996, 退休时,当时的 Bay Networks 已是一家价值 $9B

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THE WALL STREET JOURNAL.

SynOptics 经常被财经媒体和行业期刊誉为早期个人电脑网络繁荣时期超高速增长、硬件颠覆和市场主导地位的典型代表。安迪本人因其领导力和卓越的道德标准而广受尊敬。In 1990, 安永(Ernst & Young)、《Inc.》杂志和美林证券(Merrill Lynch)将其评为年度企业家,《通信周刊》(Communications Week)将其评为 25 位最具影响力领导者之一的行业远见者。In 1996, 哈佛商学院授予他校友成就奖。

他曾在多家上市公司董事会任职,包括 Zebra Technologies 和 Foundry Networks。在众多贡献中,他曾担任哈佛学院应用工程与科学院长委员会成员,担任北加州无辜项目(Northern California Innocence Project)顾问委员会成员,是 49ers 基金会红金协会(Red & Gold Society)的创始成员,并且是斯坦福大学胡佛研究所监事会成员。作为一名终身运动员和高尔夫爱好者,他与 Worth 也是当地桥牌赛事的常客。

尽管事业取得了巨大的成功,但对他而言,数字和荣誉远不如 SynOptics 对世界产生的影响,以及他建立了一家在行业内享有盛誉的公司来得重要。他从未失去俄亥俄州根源中那份简单的优雅:原则坚定、以家庭为中心、慷慨、谦逊且善良,这一切都包裹在一个性情温和的人格之中,他的笑容能照亮整个房间。

在回顾一生时,安迪表示他犯过错误,但没有遗憾。他的遗产既包括带领卓越团队为世界带来网络计算机,也包括一个深爱他的家庭;他的家人很荣幸能将他的正直、家庭、耐心和谦逊的价值观传递给他的九个孙辈。他是一个极其优秀的人,被人们深深怀念。

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Juul 获得 FDA 批准销售新型电子烟

作者:KELLY CLOONAN

Juul Labs 已获得美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)的批准,可销售其新型电子烟以及烟草味和薄荷味烟弹。

这家私有电子烟公司表示,其更新后的雾化设备 Juul2 提供了该公司称之为更一致的蒸汽和尼古丁输送体验,旨在与传统可燃香烟展开有效竞争。

表示,在对该公司新设备申请的审查中发现,很大一部分成年吸烟者完全从可燃香烟转向了获批的 Juul2 产品,且薄荷味烟弹的转换率高于烟草味烟弹。 表示:“对于成年吸烟者而言,由此带来的额外益处足以抵消薄荷味产品所带来的风险,包括对青少年的吸引力。”

该公司表示,计划向 提交更多针对成年尼古丁消费者的产品申请,包括尼古丁浓度为 5% 的产品,以及除烟草和薄荷之外的一系列口味产品。

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L3Harris 的人事变动是押注导弹的契机

这家国防承包商的股价在一年中遭受重创,但相关负面新闻并未损害其稳健的基本面

L3Harris 首席执行官的突然离职导致这家国防公司的股价跌入“折扣区”。但该公司在重建美国导弹库存方面将不可或缺,这使得此次下跌成为一次罕见的买入机会。

克里斯托弗·库巴西克(Christopher Kubasik)在上周被解雇,此前一项调查显示他涉嫌与下属有不当行为。在库巴西克的领导下,L3Harris 赢得了一些引人注目的政府订单,包括为特朗普总统对卡塔尔捐赠的一架喷气式飞机进行价值 4亿美元 的翻修,以及五角大楼对其导弹部门 10 亿美元 billion 的投资。

L3Harris 的股价今年下跌了约 10%,表现比一组美国大型国防主承包商同行低 20 个百分点。其股价目前的交易价格低于远期自由现金流的 16 倍,是其中最便宜的,比国防主承包商组合低约三分之一。

来源:FactSet(表现);Jefferies(产量)

甚至在库巴西克的消息传出之前,其他阴影就已笼罩在 L3Harris 的股价之上。该公司最近将计划分拆其核心导弹业务(该业务生产拦截弹的关键部件——固体火箭发动机)的时间推迟到至少 2027, 年中期,理由是市场条件不利。小型军工科技股今年的表现不佳,这对市场首次亮相来说是一个糟糕的信号。但此次分拆本应是释放 L3Harris 内部价值的催化剂,因此推迟决定未获得投资者的认可。

其次,投资者对国防部门的普遍担忧给 L3Harris 带来了更沉重的压力,因为与波音(Boeing)、RTX 和通用动力(General Dynamics)不同,L3Harris 的非国防收入极低。随着伊朗战争的推进,投资者越来越担心如果国会由民主党控制,可能会使特朗普政府难以通过天文数字般的五角大楼预算。

不过,该公司的基本面看起来依然稳健。首先,L3Harris 与诺斯罗普·格鲁曼(Northrop Grumman)是仅有的两家能够大规模生产固体火箭发动机的公司。这些发动机是爱国者(Patriot)和萨德(Thaad)等导弹拦截弹的关键部件,而美国在伊朗战争期间已大量消耗了这些库存。据 Jefferies 的股票分析师希拉·卡亚奥卢(Sheila Kahyaoglu)称,这两家公司一天的固体火箭发动机产量就相当于所有小型制造商一年的产量。

PAC-3 MSE 导弹拦截弹包含由 L3Harris 制造的部件。

国防部框架协议下的拦截弹年产量

“固体火箭发动机是国防工业中最短缺的最关键部件,”管理持有 L3Harris 股份的 Gabelli 商业航空与国防 ETF 的托尼·班克罗夫特(Tony Bancroft)表示。制造该部件是一个复杂的过程,涉及处理推进剂等危险材料。战略与国际研究中心(CSIS)6 月的一份报告称,新进入者尚未证明他们能够从原型机或限量生产过渡到规模化生产。

据 CSIS 估计,美国已使用了约一半的战前拦截弹库存。L3Harris 已与国防部签署框架协议,将在 7 年内将萨德推进部件的产量增加到 4 倍,并将爱国者 PAC-3 导弹的发动机及产品产量增加近 3 倍。

该公司还拥有一个利润丰厚的通信部门,其营业利润率高达25%。该部门生产战术无线电、数据链路和电子战系统,其中后者在当今无人机密集型冲突中变得尤为重要。L3Harris提供的波形和无线电可以帮助规避俄罗斯一直用来干扰乌克兰无人机的电子干扰。该公司还生产一种名为“吸血鬼”(Vampire)的低成本武器系统,可用于打击无人机。该业务部门目前在欧洲的需求旺盛。

总计,L3Harris预计其营收将在2028年增长至270亿美元,这意味着8%的有机复合年增长率,华尔街分析师预计该公司将超过这一目标。根据Visible Alpha的数据,这一增长速度快于规模更大的国防主承包商,后者的复合年增长率预计大多在5%至7%之间。

最后,领导层的过渡可能并不像市场认为的那样具有破坏性。班克罗夫特表示,新任首席执行官萨姆·梅塔(Sam Mehta)在其前上司突然离职之前就是被选定的接班人,并指出此次继任仅仅是提前了时间。

在公司就其导弹业务分拆提供清晰的路线图之前,L3Harris的股价可能会陷入某种僵局。很难预测这将在何时发生,但无论是否分拆,L3Harris在一种急需的产品中拥有宝贵的护城河,且其增长率可能超过同行。这值得投资,尤其是在有折扣的情况下。 ——Jinjoo Lee 美国陆军

多莉·帕顿的商业头脑

接第 B1 页

想象力图书馆(Imagination Library)项目表示,迄今为止已向儿童提供了超过 3.3 亿 本书籍;2020 年,在范德堡大学医学中心与 Moderna 合作研发新冠疫苗期间,她捐赠了 100万美元。该歌手的慈善组织——多莉伍德基金会(The Dollywood Foundation)报告称,2025 年的总资产为 1.42亿美元。

帕顿在 1967 年崭露头角,凭借第一首热门单曲——一首名为《笨金发女郎》(Dumb Blonde)的辛辣歌曲获得成功,随后获得了与乡村乐明星波特·瓦格纳(Porter Wagoner)合作的机会。在瓦格纳的综艺节目中定期演出让她接触到了数百万观众,两人还推出了多张受欢迎的合唱专辑。与此同时,“波特非常固执,且习惯根深蒂固,”帕顿在 2002 年表示,“我必须非常努力才能把我的想法融入进去……我当时并没有成为我想象中应有的样子。”

虽然瓦格纳作为她的制作人负责监督录音,但构思歌词和旋律是她的领域。“我很早就知道我想拥有自己的公司并出版自己的歌曲,”她在《多莉·帕顿,歌曲讲述者》(Dolly Parton, Songteller)一书中写道。

1967 年,在她作为录音艺人获得前 10 名热门单曲之前,她就与叔叔比尔·欧文斯(Bill Owens)共同创办了那家公司。斯蒂芬·米勒(Stephen Miller)在《聪明的金发女郎:多莉·帕顿传》(Smart Blonde: The Life of Dolly Parton)中解释道:“这是一个重要的举措,因为这让她(和比尔)掌控了她从 1967, 年起创作的所有材料的版权。”

并非每位明星都拥有这种前瞻性——尤其是在 20 世纪 60 年代。作为年轻的披头士成员,保罗·麦卡特尼(Paul McCartney)签署了一份让他后悔数十年的词曲创作协议。这位贝斯手曾感叹道:“约翰 [列侬] 和我当时不知道歌曲是可以拥有的。”滚石乐队也遭遇了类似的命运:基思·理查兹(Keith Richards)和米克·贾格尔(Mick Jagger)失去了他们早期作品的权利。

帕顿的战略决策可能得益于她的事业起步较慢——在作为艺人获得关注之前,她担任了数年词曲作者,接受了实操性的音乐商业教育。除此之外,纳什维尔的音乐产业当时已经成熟,并将专业词曲作者视为这台运转良好的机器的关键部分。相比之下,摇滚乐当时还是一种新兴流派。

1984 年在接受《访谈》(Interview)杂志安迪·沃霍尔(Andy Warhol)采访时,帕顿表示,掌控自己的词曲创作是她最自豪的成就。她补充说,早在那个时候,由于有稳定的词曲版权费收入,她就已经不需要“工作”了。

八年后,当惠特尼·休斯顿(Whitney Houston)翻唱了普雷斯利曾觊觎的歌曲《我将永远爱你》(I Will Always Love You)时,这笔收入变成了喷涌的财源。根据美国唱片工业协会(RIAA)的数据,该单曲的销量超过 1100 万 张。这首歌还推动了电影《保镖》(The Bodyguard)原声带的销售——在该片中,休斯顿与

  1. 年的多莉·帕顿在多莉伍德(Dollywood)。她在这个主题公园开业,这里距离她作为 12 个孩子之一长大的农场大约 10 英里。

交换

多莉·帕顿(Dolly Parton)及其制作人波特·瓦格纳(Porter Wagoner),约 1968. 年。正如帕顿所言:“我很早就知道我想拥有自己的公司。”

凯文·科斯特纳(Kevin Costner)——超过 1900 万。作为《我将永远爱你》(I Will Always Love You)的唯一作者,帕顿获得了丰厚的词曲版权版税。

甚至早在 1970 年代,她就敏锐地意识到,像休斯顿那样的流行金曲比她创作的乡村金曲具有更大的商业价值。“对我来说,这就是简单的算术,”她在自传中解释道。“《乔琳》(Jolene)在乡村市场曾是一首冠军单曲,但仅售出 6 万张唱片。而流行榜上的热门歌曲可以售出数百万张……关键在于建立更广泛的受众群体。”

其他乡村歌手也曾获得过跨界成功,包括帕齐·克莱恩(Patsy Cline)和格伦·坎贝尔(Glen Campbell)。但帕顿有意识地决定将自己转型为流行明星。她聘请了一位常驻洛杉矶的经纪人,并录制了一首由巴里·曼(Barry Mann)和辛西娅·韦尔(Cynthia Weil)创作的单曲,这对夫妻档曾创作出如正义兄弟(The Righteous Brothers)的《你失去了那种爱意》(You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin)等电台金曲。

1977 年发行的《你又回来了》(Here You Come Again)成为了帕顿首张销量突破百万的单曲。随后,她凭借流行金曲“9 to 5”以及与肯尼·罗杰斯(Kenny Rogers)合作的《溪流中的岛屿》(Islands in the Stream)取得了更大的成功,两首歌均登顶 Hot 100. 榜单。到 1970 年代末,她告诉《花花公子》(Playboy)杂志,她每晚的收入在 $15,000 到 $30,000 之间。

帕顿取得了长足的进步:她记得刚开始工作时,瓦格纳每年支付她的薪水是 $60,000。

1980, 年,帕顿追随普雷斯利(Presley)的脚步前往拉斯维加斯。据米勒(Miller)称,她签署了一份为期三年的演出合同,其中“保证了创纪录的收益”。“该方案的估值在 600 万到 900 万美元之间,这意味着多莉每周至少赚取 $350,000。”

正如帕顿对《花花公子》所说:“既然我可以赚几十万,为什么还要赚几百几千?”

这种态度促使她在音乐之外也寻找获利机会。“我在农机、园艺中心等外部心血投资上赚的钱,甚至比唱片版税还要多,”她在 1984 年表示。

两年后,这位明星在田纳西州皮金福奇(Pigeon Forge)开设了多莉伍德(Dollywood)主题公园——这里距离她成长的地方大约 10 miles,她小时候作为 12 个孩子之一在农场工作,与她的兄弟姐妹们一起劳作。“这是我人生中的梦想之一:能够回到家乡,为那个地区做一些伟大的事情,”她在接受《Interview》采访时解释道。

在帕顿参与之前,多莉伍德的场地是一个名为银元城(Silver Dollar City)的主题公园,米勒曾在那里工作。“她的愿景比我们习惯的要宏大得多,”他说。“我们经营的主题公园一年大约接待 700,000 或 750,000 人。在她品牌运营的第一年,游客人数几乎翻了一番,因此应对人群和承载力成为了一项挑战。我们立即启动了重新开发。”

1989, 年,帕顿自豪地指出,她在该地区创造了数千个就业岗位。田纳西州政府 2021 年发布的一项研究将这一数字定为 23,000, 个,并得出结论认为多莉伍德每年产生 18 亿美元 billion 的经济影响。

随后,该公园促成了多莉伍德基金会(Dollywood Foundation)的成立,该基金会最初专注于改善田纳西州塞维尔县(Sevier County)的教育和医疗。为了降低高辍学率,基金会设计了一项“伙伴计划”,通过向毕业的学生两人一组每人支付 $500 的方式,激励孩子们留在学校。

《演艺圈女性》(Woman In Show Business)指出,有 2,500 名儿童参与了该计划。该计划很快扩展到整个田纳西州,并最终扩展到美国境外。

1995, 年,该基金会启动了“想象力图书馆”(Imagination Library)项目,每月为 5 岁以下儿童提供免费书籍。1999 年《No Depression》杂志的一篇题为《最聪明的职场女性》的人物特写中——

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18 亿美元 billion

根据 2021 Tennessee state study,多莉坞(Dollywood)每年的经济影响达 18 亿美元 billion。

到 2021, 想象力图书馆(Imagination Library)已分发了至少 1.5 亿 本书。今年早些时候,泰勒·斯威夫特(Swift)和特拉维斯·凯尔塞(Travis Kelce)向该项目捐赠了 200万美元。

每当帕顿(Parton)觉得田纳西州的人们在受苦时,她经常会出手相助。在 2016, 多莉坞基金会向因烟雾山山火而流离失所的家庭捐赠了超过 1200万美元。而在 2020, 她宣布向范德堡大学(Vanderbilt)捐款,以资助新冠肺炎(Covid-19)疫苗的研究。她告诉英国广播公司(BBC):“今天我感到非常自豪,因为我知道自己能为帮助我们度过这场疯狂疫情的事情贡献一份力量。”

当然,在帕顿建立她的各项业务过程中也遇到了一些挫折。为了摆脱与瓦格纳(Wagoner)的关系,她不得不支付了一笔七位数的法律和解金。她 1984 年的电影《莱茵石》(Rhinestone)是一部与西尔维斯特·史泰龙(Sylvester Stallone)合作的浪漫喜剧,但在票房上惨败。在《聪明金发:多莉·帕顿传》(Smart Blonde: The Life of Dolly Parton)中,重点提到美国广播公司(ABC)曾给她一份为期两年、价值 4400万美元 的合同,让她主持一部黄金时段的综艺节目——结果在播完一季后就被取消了。

她倾向于用玩笑来面对失败。在她的回忆录中评价《莱茵石》时,她推测道:“我想公众不想看到西尔维斯特·史泰龙演喜剧。或者也许他们不想看到我演西尔维斯特·史泰龙。”

然后她便开始了下一个创业项目。“每天我都会数着我的福气,”帕顿写道,“然后我数我的钱。”

从左至右:马克·罗文(Marc Rowan)、里昂·布莱克(Leon Black)和约书亚·哈里斯(Joshua Harris)。

权力、背叛与里昂·布莱克的陨落

一本新书详细披露了在爱泼斯坦丑闻发酵期间,阿波罗全球管理公司(Apollo Global Management)幕后的危机

作者:William D. Cohan

当金融巨头阿波罗全球管理公司的创始人里昂·布莱克(Leon Black)在2021年1月宣布退休并卸任首席执行官(CEO)时,他希望能实现一次干净的权力交接。

他表示,他将在7月底迎来70岁生日时离职,并继续担任董事会主席以及阿波罗的最大股东。阿波罗的首批员工之一马克·罗文(Marc Rowan)将接任CEO。

这一计划是提前设定好的。“这与爱泼斯坦没有任何关系,”布莱克告诉我。

但时间点并非巧合:布莱克宣布退休的消息,与阿波罗委托的一份关于他与杰弗里·爱泼斯坦(Jeffrey Epstein)关系的独立报告发布在同一天。报告发现,布莱克在五年间向爱泼斯坦支付了$15800 万的财务咨询费,但未发现布莱克有任何违规行为。

“是我要求进行那该死的调查的,”布莱克说,“我要求调查是因为我知道自己没做错任何事。”尽管如此,很明显这份报告将引发另一波负面宣传的冲击。“社交媒体接管了话语权,人们会说:‘既然有这样的烟雾,就一定有火,’”布莱克说。

两个月后,布莱克提前离职。3月22日,他宣布立即辞去阿波罗CEO一职,比原计划提前了约三个月,并宣布立即辞去阿波罗董事会主席一职。

布莱克后来将自己狼狈的陨落归咎于他最亲密的助手之一以及阿波罗领导层的关键成员:乔希·哈里斯(Josh Harris)。

布莱克在1990年创立了阿波罗,就在德雷克塞尔-伯纳姆公司(Drexel Burnham)崩溃后不久。该公司曾是华尔街最有权势的公司之一,直到其臭名昭著的垃圾债券之王迈克尔·米尔肯(Michael Milken)因证券和税务欺诈入狱。(米尔肯随后获得了唐纳德·特朗普的赦免。)

布莱克曾是德雷克塞尔公司的并购主管。通过阿波罗,他希望建立一家能够投资银行债务、债券、股权和混合证券的私募股权公司。

他的首批雇员之一就是罗文,一名来自德雷克塞尔的年轻助理。而罗文打的第一个电话就是给哈里斯,当时哈里斯在哈佛商学院毕业后,在黑石集团(The Blackstone Group)工作刚满三个月。

当时25岁的哈里斯曾在27岁的罗文手下工作,地点在德雷克塞尔。但跳槽到一家新公司是一个艰难的决定。即便在当时,黑石也被认为是顶尖的。而一群在1990年年底出来的德雷克塞尔前员工?则不那么被看好。“因为来自德雷克塞尔,你多少会被米尔肯的影响所玷污,”哈里斯回忆道。

尽管如此,阿波罗提供了从底层做起的可能性:哈里斯将能够从该公司首个$400 million的私募股权基金中获益;而哈里斯表示,在黑石,他某种程度上错过了早期投资的班车。“我觉得阿波罗拥有非常聪明的人才,”哈里斯告诉我,“而且对我个人而言,这更像是一种合伙关系。”

他的赌注得到了回报。2007年,作为布莱克决定将阿波罗公开上市的一部分,布莱克将罗文和哈里斯命名为“联合创始人”。他们共同将该公司打造成为如今华尔街的权力中心。

这三人积累了惊人财富的象征:曼哈顿和汉普顿的豪宅,私人飞机和豪华游艇。

哈里斯开始收集体育球队——首先是费城76人队,他于2011年10月与另外八人共同出资$280 million买下;随后是新泽西恶魔队,以及英超足球俱乐部水晶宫的大量股份。2023年,他领导的财团以60 亿美元 billion买下了华盛顿指挥官队,这在当时是NFL特许经营权支付的最高价格。

“社交媒体接管了话语权,人们会说:‘既然有这样的烟雾,就一定有火。’”

罗文开始在汉普顿和长岛购买并改造餐厅。

里昂·布莱克 阿波罗全球管理公司 创始人

岛。在2008年金融危机之后,他还利用阿波罗(Apollo)的1600万美元投资共同创立了年金保险提供商 Athene。

布莱克的主要热情在于艺术。他非凡的收藏包括亚历山大·考尔德(Alexander Calder)和亨利·摩尔(Henry Moore)的雕塑,以及拉斐尔(Raphael)和

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写作之材

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爵士乐之美

资深音乐家温顿·马萨利斯(Wynton Marsalis)谈论他的父亲、童年以及艺术操守。C4

斗志

普里雅·帕克(Priya Parker)写道,如果我们想要和谐相处,就需要更聪明地(且更多地)进行争论。C14

无毛壮汉

迈克尔·伊恩·布莱克(Michael Ian Black)谈论男人想要变得强壮、魁梧且皮肤光滑的欲望。C5

阿波罗公司与爱泼斯坦事件的余波

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文森特·梵高。2012年,布莱克以1.2亿美元买下了他最喜爱的作品之一——爱德华·蒙克的一幅名为《呐喊》的粉彩画,他将其视为艺术界现代主义运动的开端。“那是第一幅真正具有标志性的、表现人类向内坍缩的图像,”他说道。

2017年左右,哈里斯首次向布莱克表达了担任首席执行官(CEO)的兴趣。布莱克表示他对此感到吃惊,尽管并非完全出乎意料。

哈里斯多年来一直负责阿波罗公司的日常运营,并主导了该公司一些具有里程碑意义的私募股权交易,包括对化学公司莱昂代尔巴塞尔(LyondellBasell)的重组,获利约100亿美元,以及对零食公司好客(Hostess)的重组,获利22亿美元。

但布莱克对他认为的这种“权力攫取”行为感到不满。他没有放弃职位的打算,并且坚信如果他离职,这个职位应该交给罗文。

然而到2019年,罗文似乎在向相反的方向退缩。在策划雅典(Athene)与阿波罗公司之间的股票互换,并处理雅典迄今为止一些最大规模的交易后,他感到精疲力竭。

“我基本上花了六个月的时间像个初级分析师一样工作,”罗文告诉我。他想退后一步;但布莱克坚持要求罗文对外称其处于“半休假”状态,以免人们对他未来在阿波罗公司的前景——或者至少是布莱克为他规划的前景——产生误解。

2020年秋天,由于新冠疫情,罗文仍被隔离在汉普顿及其其他住所中,布莱克将他召集到位于纽约州贝德福德(Bedford)的一处占地百英亩的庄园。两人在里昂广阔的领地及其周边一起步行了五英里。“马克,”布莱克回忆起他在散步时说的话,“我不再请求了。”阿波罗公司和雅典公司当时正在考虑合并,这将使阿波罗有机会变得更像沃伦·巴菲特的伯克希尔-哈撒韦公司——对于许多华尔街巨头来说,后者依然是“圣杯”,因为其能够在持续获得长期、耐心资本的同时,产生稳定且高额的回报。

“在那时,”布莱克告诉我,“我觉得乔什不是合适的CEO。我也觉得不再是合适的CEO了。”公司正在迅速发生变化。私募股权在阿波罗公司的重要性在下降,而私人信贷和退休保险——雅典公司的领域——正变得更加核心。

“三个人不能共同经营这家公司,”罗文说他曾在多个场合告诉布莱克,“这根本没有效率。当你结束时,我很乐意经营这家公司。”

随后,布莱克邀请哈里斯前往贝德福德,告知他自己的决定。在饮酒期间,布莱克试图缓解分析师和投资者日益增长的担忧。他写信给阿波罗公司的员工,称他对后来导致爱泼斯坦被刑事起诉的行为“完全不知情”且“深感不安”。

但在2020年和2021年期间,不断升级的愤怒已到了无法忽视的地步。首先是《纽约时报》披露的令人震惊的消息:布莱克向爱泼斯坦支付了高达7500万美元的咨询费和服务费。(其中部分资金还流向了爱泼斯坦的慈善基金会。)

布莱克表示,他没有意识到自己花费了这么多,因为在与爱泼斯坦签署最初的书面合同后,所有后续付款都是由两人通过握手协议达成的。

随后,那个估算值被证明偏低。由阿波罗公司委托、因出具报告的律师事务所而被称为“德彻特报告”(Dechert report)的报告投下了一枚重磅炸弹:布莱克实际上向爱泼斯坦支付了1.58亿美元。

(图片说明,顺时针从顶部开始):中间是里昂·布莱克;马克·罗文;乔什·哈里斯;以及爱德华·蒙克《呐喊》的粉彩版本,布莱克在2012年买下该作品时创下了拍卖纪录。

她将签署一份保密协议(NDA)并同意不起诉他。在加涅娃发布推文时,布莱克已向其支付了约 900万美元。

3月22日,即其首次发布推文五天后,布莱克宣布立即辞去阿波罗(Apollo)首席执行官兼董事会主席一职,比原计划提前了约三个月。(加涅娃对布莱克提起的诉讼在 2023 年被驳回,因为她未能证明该保密协议是在胁迫下签署的;加涅娃及其最初在诉讼中代表她的 Wigdor 律师事务所未回应置评请求。)

我对他在与爱泼斯坦的费用安排上如此随意感到难以置信,尤其是考虑到布莱克在华尔街的声誉——与她或任何代表她的人,没有财务或任何其他交易,且在她的任何索赔申请中没有任何形式的参与。”

“我坚信——”

在加涅娃发布推文之前,布莱克对哈里斯的愤怒就已经在积聚。当爱泼斯坦危机席卷阿波罗时,哈里斯雇佣了自己的律师和公关顾问,这让布莱克感到愤怒。(“我们当时进行了很多关于治理的讨论,”哈里斯告诉我,“我们请律师是合理的,而且媒体上有大量报道。所以请公关人员也是合理的。”)

当布莱克看到哈里斯在中央公园为《华尔街日报》的一篇人物特写拍照,且该报道标题为“一家 4330 亿美元 Billion 的华尔街巨头面临声誉问题,修复它成了乔什·哈里斯的任务”时,他怒不可遏。

“圣乔什来拯救公司了,”里昂说道。

在布莱克提起 RICO(反敲诈勒索与腐败组织法)诉讼时,罗文负责管理公司,他没有就这两位前合伙人之间如火山爆发般的冲突发表公开评论。阿波罗的一位发言人当时告诉《华尔街日报》:“两名前员工之间展开的法律纠纷令人遗憾,但不会影响我们的战略、业务或使命。”

决定。在喝酒时,布莱克试图让他意识到 Athene 合并所带来的潜在机会之巨大——以及这对哈里斯持有的 5900 万 股阿波罗股票意味着什么。

莱昂·布莱克将其在2008年后与爱泼斯坦合作的决定描述为一个严重的错误。

他在这次访问期间告诉哈里斯:“这完全是为了创造价值。你应该像我这样坐享其成,领取股息,因为股价将达到每股$150。”

2022, 6月,曼哈顿的一位联邦法官驳回了布莱克的RICO诉讼 with prejudice。法官写道:“这些模糊且明显基于推测的指控,根本无法以任何稳固或连贯的方式,将加涅娃、哈里斯和鲁本斯坦在朝着共同目标的协同行动中联系在一起。”

“‘这不是个人恩怨,’”布莱克说。

在贝德福德的这次散步发生在阿波罗公司一个紧张时期的中间。当时布莱克的财富估计约为90 亿美元 billion,而他向爱泼斯坦——一个在贝尔斯登工作过几年、大学辍学的年轻人——支付的税务和遗产咨询费用,远高于他在大多数知名律师事务所支付的费用,这一事实在整个华尔街引起了议论。

布莱克将其在2008, 后与爱泼斯坦合作的决定描述为一个“严重的错误”,当时爱泼斯坦已就州政府指控的招嫖和招募18岁以下人员从事卖淫罪名认罪。“我希望我能回到过去改变那个决定,但我不能,”他说。

哈里斯感到震惊。“我没意识到马克回来是一个选项,”他说。

在爱泼斯坦2019年因相关指控被捕后的几个月里,成为共同首席执行官。他还与阿波罗的董事会成员讨论了他对该职位的渴望。“我当时在领导,显然是在领导,”哈里斯告诉我。“就像,没有人在我前面。”

作为一名强硬的谈判者。作为回应,布莱克向我引用了拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生的名言:“愚蠢的一致性是狭隘之人的心魔。”

哈里斯说,在德彻特报告公开之前的那个周末,是阿波罗公司一个至关重要的时刻。“我认为德彻特报告尽可能准确地描述了他们发现的事实,”他说。“但仍有一些问题没有得到解答。”

甚至在德彻特报告出炉之前,哈里斯就一直在努力遏制政治上的负面影响。哈里斯告诉我,公司承受了巨大的压力,以至于“很明显,事情不能再维持原样了”。

他详细阐述道:“你在为数百万受益人以及公众股东管理受托资本,其中包括教师、消防员和警察。我记得与一个管理教师养老基金的人的一次对话,他说,‘无论这里是否发生了什么,与杰弗里·爱泼斯坦的关系本身就足以让人失去资格。’你会收到投资者的这类电话,来自投资者的巨大压力。来自公众股东。来自员工。来自媒体。来自所有利益相关方。情况已经发展到难以筹集受托资本的地步。”

通过电子邮件,哈里斯继续推动罗文和他自己

2023, 3月,一家上诉法院维持了原审法院的裁决。在最近结束的一场私人仲裁中,布莱克指控哈里斯违反了他们的股东协议条款。

但布莱克也与阿波罗的董事会成员进行了沟通,并确保哈里斯无法获得该职位。“最终,当我没有得到我想要的东西时,”哈里斯说,“我们所有人都选择了马克。”他补充道:“我的北极星始终是为公司做正确的事。”

布莱克的继任计划公告和德彻特报告于Jan. 25, 2021. 发布。March 8, 阿波罗宣布将通过一项全股票交易与Athene合并,Athene的估值为110 亿美元 billion。

随后在March 17, 一名名为古泽尔·加涅娃的前俄罗斯模特在推特上谈到布莱克:“我多年来一直受到他的性骚扰和虐待。”她补充说,她受到了他的“欺凌、操纵、威胁和强迫”。“我现在打破沉默,”她总结道,“因为我不希望这种掠夺性行为继续发生在其他女性身上。#MeToo #LeonBlack。”

“阿波罗最好的日子还在后面,”布莱克在关于他这次意外变动的新闻稿中表示。“我打算继续担任阿波罗的最大股东和最坚定的支持者。”罗文在声明中表示:“三十多年来,里昂一直是一位出色的合作伙伴和领导者,我很荣幸能接掌大权。”在哈里斯写给阿波罗员工的一份备忘录中(《华尔街日报》已查阅该文件),哈里斯写道:“现在是进行此次过渡的正确时机。”

布莱克指控加涅娃敲诈勒索,称两人之间是合意的婚外情。她则起诉其诽谤。布莱克及其律师在对该诉讼的一份详细回复中写道,加涅娃在 2008 和 2014, 之间与布莱克约会了大约六年,随后试图让他支付约 1亿美元 以换取她对这段情事的沉默。在纽约市和伦敦的一系列午餐和晚餐中(布莱克对所有这些过程都进行了秘密录音),布莱克和加涅娃达成了一项协议:他将在 15 年内向她支付 2100万美元。作为交换,

2022 年 1 月,布莱克为其垮台地构建了一个阴险的阴谋论。

他在针对加涅娃及未具名共谋者提起的一起 RICO(反敲诈勒索及腐败组织法)诉讼的修正起诉书中,指控哈里斯与加涅娃、威格多以及阿波罗的公关专家之一史蒂文·鲁本斯坦合作,策划了一场旨在将其拉下马的“敲诈阴谋”。

起诉书中在描述哈里斯时写道:“就像莎士比亚笔下的伊阿古一样,他因未能获得晋升而愤怒,于是将怒火转向了他的导师和领导。”

这似乎是布莱克唯一能解释加涅娃决定撕毁协议的方式。文件中指出:“她的行为在经济上如此不理性且不可理喻,除非将其放在被告们的计划背景下理解,否则毫无意义。”

哈里斯坚决否认这些指控。“我从未参与其中,”他告诉我。“这纯属捏造。”

布莱克仍然是阿波罗的最大股东,持有约 8500 万 股股票,目前价值约 110 亿美元 billion。他经营着位于公园大道的家族办公室 Elysium,并专注于他的艺术收藏,包括考虑他最近购买的伍尔沃斯豪宅是否应该设立一座向公众开放的博物馆。在拒绝回答众议院监督委员会就保密协议向其提出的问题后,他最近收到传票,被要求于 9 月 3 日出席由委员会主席众议员詹姆斯·科默主持的听证会。

“这些指控和暗示是绝望且荒谬的,”哈里斯的一位发言人当时告诉《华尔街日报》。“哈里斯先生不认识加涅娃女士,从未见过或交谈过”

罗文与阿波罗的合同将于 2030. 到期。他已经准备好了一套接班计划,以应对他最终前往华盛顿(他曾短暂地在特朗普总统财政部长的候选名单中)或想要离职的情况。

哈里斯于 2022 离开阿波罗,创办了 26 North Partners,这是一家管理资产规模约 370 亿美元 billion 的替代资产管理公司。他仍然参与体育球队的所有权,并致力于尝试让费城在 1983, 以来首次重新赢得 NBA 总冠军。(这大概解释了为什么他在休赛期努力争取得到杰伦·布朗和勒布朗·詹姆斯两人的原因。)

他说,在与布莱克和罗文共事 32 年之后,在阿波罗经历的结局在“个人层面上非常令人沮丧”,且“经历了太多”。他说,他很庆幸自己仍然持有阿波罗的股票,且罗文一直是公司出色的管理人。“我看待这件事并认为,‘事情发生总有原因’,”他说。“幸好,我度过了那段时期。现在我拥有如此美好的生活,而且可能更快乐了。”

威廉·D·科汉是《挥金如土:关于里昂·布莱克、阿波罗以及新华尔街崛起的赤裸真相》一书的作者。

在这座华尔街“营地”,AI 是不受欢迎的客人

在一次专属荒野度假地的钓鱼活动和扑克游戏之间,资深金融专业人士对人工智能感到不安

报道与摄影:汉娜·埃琳·朗(HANNAH ERIN LANG)

缅因州大湖溪(Grand Lake Stream)——哈里·诺顿(Harry Norton)关于人工智能科学突破的演讲进行了半小时后,他被问到了华尔街最重要的问题。

这群基金经理、经济学家和其他金融从业者前往缅因州荒野中的这座钓鱼胜地进行年度朝圣,将西装换成了 T 恤和工装裤。当他们在木镶板的餐厅里喝干酒杯时,诺顿让他们听得入神:这位资深科技投资者阐述了芯片设计在未来的某一天将变得如此复杂且高效,以至于工程师们将真正地在操纵分子。

这时,有人举手提问:所有这些 AI 的进步正让美国公司耗资数万亿美元。这些投资会有回报吗?

“我无法回答这个问题,华尔街也无法回答这个问题,”诺顿站在房间角落里说道,他身后的墙上钉着鱼类和鸟类的复制品。“我还不知道。我也在担心这个问题。”

如果你只看主要股票指数或美光科技(Micron)的股价,你可能感觉不到,但在闭门会议中,华尔街对 AI 的焦虑正达到新高度。

那些曾经拥有不可撼动资产负债表的科技巨头,现在出现了现金流负增长。未在资产负债表上体现的支出则更为惊人。对营收增长的预期高得离谱,而像 OpenAI 这样的公司正艰难地努力跟上步伐。全球市值最高的公司英伟达(Nvidia)正在培育一个全新的资产类别,以维持芯片销售的繁荣。

AI 交易中的悖论——投资者在投入资金的同时质疑其炒作——在 Kotok 营地随处可见。这是一个仅限受邀参加的周末度假地,聚集了来自金融界各领域的专业人士。在独木舟上,在咖啡桌旁,在扑克桌周围,与会者(这里称作“营员”)争论大举投入 AI 支出所带来的收益是否会实现,或者市场是否正走向痛苦。

没有人真正知道答案。但没有一个玩家准备将筹码撤离桌面。

“支出规模已经变得如此惊人,以至于我们只能目瞪口呆,并好奇这一切将如何收场,”OnePoint BFG Wealth Partners 的首席投资官、Kotok 营地的长期参与者彼得·布克瓦尔(Peter Boockvar)说道。与此同时,他说,“派对正在进行。人们不想早早离场。”

一天晚上,一场坦率的辩论在扑克局中展开。一名营员认为,数据中心绝对存在过度投资。但这难道不也

“支出水平已经达到了如此惊人的地步。”

这在重大新技术出现时难道不是常态吗?另一位参与者反驳道,看看互联网或铁路就知道了:每一次都经历了狂热浪潮,随后才是赢家和输家的最终分化。

那么,该如何看待利奥波德·阿申布伦纳(Leopold Aschenbrenner)?就在科托克(Kotok)聚会前几天,他那家专注于 AI 的对冲基金 Situational Awareness 几乎被某些 AI 股票的抛售潮摧毁。一些玩家耸耸肩说,他还是个孩子,一个缺乏经验的投资者,刚刚学到了市场最基本且最痛苦的一课——借贷过多,必被灼伤。

营地组织者兼资深基金经理大卫·科托克(David Kotok)表示,随后一些参会者私下担心,阿申布伦纳公司的垮台可能意味着某种更为严重的情况。也许它就像摩根大通(JPMorgan Chase)

PETER BOOCKVAR OnePoint BFG Wealth Partners 首席投资官

首席执行官杰米·戴蒙(Jamie Dimon)在谈到私募信贷时警告过的那种“蟑螂”——一个问题的出现,预示着后面还会有更多问题。

此次活动旨在进行这类漫谈和毫无拘束的激进观点交流。大约 25 年前,科托克开始带领一群市场专家来到缅因州这个小镇。从那时起,这次聚会迎来了各种金融家、政策制定者和领域专家,其中许多是由科托克亲自挑选的。一位参会者将其称为“华尔街的瓦尔登湖”,或者更简单地称为“极客营”。

这个湖畔度假村被一些参会者比作杰克逊霍尔(Jackson Hole)或达沃斯(Davos),在这里,与会者会说出一些他们可能不会写在分析报告中,也不会在 CNBC 节目中大声宣称的话。

活动遵循查塔姆研究所(Chatham House)规则,这意味着参会者可以透露讨论的话题,但不能透露发言者的身份或所属机构(本文中的引用内容来自记录在案的交流)。

大多数常客在市场领域拥有数十年的经验。他们对之前的资产泡沫记忆犹新,从互联网时代的光纤投资热潮,到埋下全球金融危机种子的抵押贷款支持证券狂欢。

这些闲谈有时会被证明具有预见性。十五年前,当标准普尔(Standard & Poor's)下调美国国债评级、将美国政府债券排名置于十几个其他国家之后的消息传出时,参会者们正准备参加年度龙虾之夜。

那天晚上,与会者低声议论说这仅仅是个开始,该国的财政状况可能会恶化得多。快进到本周,美国总债务首次突破 $40 trillion。

今年,没有人能断言支撑牛市的巨额科技赌注是否会如投资者所愿地展开。EP Wealth Advisors 的投资主管亚当·菲利普斯(Adam Phillips)表示,去年夏天 AI 带来的焦虑还没有这么严重。

但自那时起,情况发生了很大变化:债券市场正艰难地消化一波高达 2500 亿美元的 AI 债务。该国的经济增长率日益依赖于投资热潮带来的效应。

菲利普斯说,这使得人们更加关注 AI 支出的回报时机。“不幸的是,我们都在同一条船上。专家们也不知道,”他说,“这有点令人不安。”

这并不是说这群华尔街老将看衰 AI 作为一项实用技术的前景。在午餐时的炸鱼盘前,或在入夜后的后露台上,参会者们交流着如何将智能体(agentic)工具整合到各自工作流中的技巧。

其中一人利用该工具生成关于隔夜市场的每日简报。另一人输入了一封措辞强烈的电子邮件,并询问智能体他是否会后悔发送这封信(答案是肯定的,于是他决定暂缓发送)。

没有人在这里为了推销自己的持仓而大谈特谈。但当被追问时,参会者透露市场波动确实让他们感到不安——虽然程度有限。有些人调整了投资组合,将大盘科技股的超配头寸转为中性立场。另一些人则暗示,现在是将资金分散到 S&P 500 其他板块的合适时机。但没有人真正看空AI热潮。

布克瓦(Boockvar)表示,这在一定程度上可以归结为经验——这个群体记得许多其他像卡桑德拉(Cassandra)一样预言灾难的人,因为过早预测市场见顶而被洗出局。大多数参会者一边对AI持有怀疑,另一边却在按下“买入”键。

毕竟,在许多方面,科技股交易是目前唯一的选择。

“没有人想被抛在后面,”诺顿(Norton)在小组讨论后的采访中表示。“我们经历的每一次(技术)革命,每个人都会参与其中。而当音乐停止时,总会有人成为接盘侠。”

赢得你的运气

温顿·马萨利斯谈在无人倾听时演奏

在他结束在林肯中心爵士乐团(Jazz at Lincoln Center)的任期之际,他公开讲述了童年创伤、艺术操守以及音乐为何至关重要。

作者:霍莉·彼得森(HOLLY PETERSON)

温顿·马萨利斯(Wynton Marsalis)很早就明白,爵士乐意味着坚持不懈——即便观众寥寥。

“有时看到我的父亲在没有观众的情况下演奏,我意识到这不是一场游戏。我会走进一场演出。整个地方只有 3 个人在听。我会说:‘伙计,这就是你们三个月以来准备的演出?’但他们依然在演奏。”

现年 64 岁的马萨利斯在曼哈顿林肯中心爵士乐团担任管理及艺术总监的最后一年里,依然吸引着欣赏他的观众,此前他已在该职位上执掌了四十年。他共发行了 113 张爵士和古典专辑,全球销量超过 700 万张。

在纽奥良长大,温顿从 2 岁起就在深夜俱乐部接触爵士乐。由于父亲在业内享有盛名,这为他与迪齐·吉莱斯皮(Dizzy Gillespie)、阿特·布莱基(Art Blakey)和考特·贝西(Count Basie)等巨匠建立联系创造了条件。“一个 13 岁的孩子能与‘甜美’的埃迪森(Sweets Edison)在一起,吸收他的哲学,感受他的睿智以及他对人们的信任。我很幸运,”他说。

14 岁时,他与纽奥良爱乐乐团共同演出。他的成功部分归功于其兄长、爵士乐传奇布兰福德·马萨利斯(Branford Marsalis)的指导。在曼哈顿的茱莉亚学院学习后,马萨利斯在 22 岁时成为首位同时获得古典和爵士类格莱美奖的艺术家——并在次年再次实现了这一壮举。

作为一名爵士乐和蓝调学者,他解释了悲伤与狂喜、创伤与韧性,以及生活中所有的回响,是如何体现在他演奏的每一个音符中的。他还讲述了家庭如何塑造了他这个人。“我的母亲必须关注我的第五个兄弟,他患有自闭症,而且她当时已经在照顾我们 6 个孩子,全部都是男孩。我认为仅仅是看到他的艰辛就具有教育意义。他的存在让我深刻意识到:‘嘿,我们来到这个世界上都是为了应对不同的事情。’

马萨利斯在 1997 年凭借其时长 $2 \frac{1}{2}$ 小时的爵士清唱剧《血染原野》(Blood on the Fields)获得普利策奖,这具有历史意义:自从评审团在 1943 年开始授予音乐奖以来,他们从未认可过爵士乐,仅认可古典作曲家。在马萨利斯获奖后,该奖项被追授给了杜克·埃灵顿(Duke Ellington)、约翰·柯特兰(John Coltrane)等人。这是一个富有诗意的轮回:温顿追随前辈的脚步,而那些巨匠在死后又追随了他的脚步。

您那不懈的动力来自哪里?

对我来说,这一直是一种自然的驱动力。很多事情对我来说都很简单。我想做的事情通常都能做到,无论是打球、格斗还是学业。

您这种广泛的才能是源于自信还是天赋? 我觉得这更像是一种精神层面的东西。我成长在动荡的时代,即 20 世纪 60 年代;我们基本上是在种族隔离中长大的。每个人都在挣扎。我们每个人都有自己能做的事情。而且你会去钻研:如果你在某方面有天赋,你就更倾向于在上面下功夫。

谈谈童年时期的韧性。 到处都是创伤。那段经历帮助我在离开纽奥良来到纽约后生存下来。但即便在年幼时的恶劣环境中,人们还是很友善的。

请给我举个例子,说明在 20 世纪 60 年代的绝望中,人们是如何友善的。

我的父亲和他的朋友们为了演奏他们想要的音乐而挣扎,但他们总是带我接触爵士音乐家,总是带我去俱乐部。不是那种高档俱乐部,而是真正的破旧小酒吧。我喜欢在深夜成为一个充满成年人的地方里唯一的孩子。人们色彩斑斓,幽默风趣,而且对孩子非常慈爱。

您童年时期有哪些方面是不那么慈爱的?

如果你有学术天赋,你就必须挣扎。这是一个巨大的问题。我上过一所学校,但在 [马丁·路德] 金牧师被杀之前,那里一直实行种族隔离。我学校的第一次融合过程非常艰难。我妈妈说:“如果他愿意牺牲生命,我也愿意为了这件事牺牲你们。”

运气在你的职业生涯中扮演了怎样的角色?

我非常、非常幸运。仅仅是出生在我的父母身边就是一种幸运。有一次,一个和我一起踢球的朋友说:“伙计,我能去你家坐坐吗?我想看看有个爸爸是什么感觉。”我很幸运有一个哥哥。我一直跟在他的身后,所以无论发生什么,他总是首当其冲地承受。而他很爱我。我有时候可能挺难对付的。

你认为你的运气是通过工作赢得的吗?不,你赢得的是工作带来的快乐,以及自律带给你的快乐。

不过,不自律也有其快乐之处。

我的父亲和那个时代的爵士音乐家们对人和生活如此开放。例如,有人一直处于亢奋状态;没关系,他们享受那种感觉。他乐队里的两名成员死于海洛因过量。没有什么保证。争取自由的斗争可以是针对任何事物的自由。它可以是摆脱自我的自由。可以是摆脱毒品的自由。可以是摆脱压抑处境的自由。也可能是一种你永远无法摆脱的处境。

请解释一下当你和乐队合而为一,陷入即兴创作的魔力时会发生什么。爵士乐是对艰辛之事的表达和理解。忠于布鲁斯的精神,爵士音乐家以一种风格和优雅地接纳劳苦与艰辛。以查理·帕克(Charlie Parker)或塞隆尼斯·蒙克(Thelonious Monk)这样的音乐家为例,他们演奏内容的复杂程度令人难以置信,而且他们是即兴而为,而其中的陈述依然沉重得多,沉重得多。

谈谈团队动态。我们伟大的音乐家触及了人类精神的深度,他们相信集体创造力。因此,你会获得一种远超自身的力量,并且你开始以一种敬畏和尊重地看待其他人类,因为他们的人性值得如此对待。

你与其他演奏者之间的信号对于我们听众来说可能是无法理解的。你必须允许音乐表达一种深层的信念,就像黑人灵歌所表达的那样。这并不是因为经历是悲伤的,而是在人们面对无法言说的悲痛时,在生活中找到的意义之深。我们在这里是为了给你带来一种能治愈破碎之心的心碎。

我们如何知道哪一段代表悲伤,哪一段代表快乐?

爵士乐是不可见之物的艺术。它是思想、情感,是那些转瞬即逝的事物。你可能产生一个让你快乐的想法,但在那个想法的角落里,却潜藏着你对另一件事的恐惧。

谈谈成为一名伟大音乐家的压力。要让自己融入之前以及同时代所有伟大音乐家的严苛标准之中是很困难的。如果你选择成为一名爵士音乐家,这可能会是冰冷、孤独且艰辛的。

有哪些障碍?你试图向一群并不想让你沟通的人传达某些东西,而他们反而希望你引导出那种焦虑的青少年情绪。而且你在一个不奖励卓越的地方工作,它奖励的是愚蠢。

为什么那些还没有找到观众的艺术家们仍坚持尝试?我的父亲从未抱怨。我记得在我大约 11 岁的时候,这家俱乐部在 2:30 关闭。当时大约 2 点钟。俱乐部里一个人也没有,我说:“伙计,我们回家吧。”他从未、从未要求我听音乐。但他却说:“你为什么不坐下来,换个口味听会儿音乐?”直到今天,我依然在思考他独自演奏直到演出结束的情景。一个能像我父亲那样演奏的人,为什么会坐在俱乐部里,除了他的儿子之外不为任何人演奏?因为当某件事具有意义时,即使没有观众,它依然具有意义。

她的 MAGA 美妆包里有正确的东西

作者:KARA VOGHT

保守派评论员 艾德里安·格雷(Adrienne Gray) 已成为特朗普 核心圈子最青睐的 化妆师

弗吉尼亚州斯特林 化妆师艾德里安·格雷正用一块潮湿的海绵在她的教学模特颧骨上点涂。在 30 分钟的时间里,格雷为保守派生活方式品牌的联合创始人杰米·富兰克林(Jayme Franklin)分步骤涂抹了两打化妆品:粉底、妆前乳、古铜粉、眼影、闪粉、腮红、高光以及大量的遮瑕膏。

“关键在于晕染,”她说。她像文艺复兴时期的画家一样,将产品一层层叠加,在不同的区域像拼布一样分布。富兰克林脸上的两种腮红像红色的停止信号灯一样醒目,这让在特朗普国家高尔夫俱乐部参加格雷化妆“大师班”的 60 名女性感到不同程度的不安。

“不要惊慌,”37 岁的格雷在抚平富兰克林的脸颊时指导道。旁观者信任格雷,是因为 MAGA 的领军女性信任她。她为卡罗琳·利维特(Karoline Leavitt)参加今年两次白宫记者协会晚宴提供了化妆服务。她还为贝蒂娜·特朗普(Bettina Trump)的一次家庭活动化妆。她最常服务的客户是拉拉·特朗普(Lara Trump),后者在参加国宴和在福克斯新闻(Fox News)亮相时都会寻求格雷的帮助。福克斯新闻与《华尔街日报》的母公司新闻集团(News Corp)拥有共同的所有权。

国家的 250 周年纪念活动及其随之而来的盛会曾是格雷美妆服务的旺季。6 月在白宫举行的 UFC 比赛也是如此。许多特朗普圈子的女性在华盛顿参加重要会议前都会寻求格雷的服务。

因此,在一个闷热的 8 月夜晚,她致力于教粉丝们如何打造她的妆容——这种妆容当然能经受住演播室的灯光或相机的强光,但它也带有现代 MAGA 女性的审美标志。

格雷在补妆。“保守派女性热爱感觉自己很美,”她说。

娃娃睫毛、嘟起的双唇和深邃的轮廓,在特朗普圈子女性的脸上像制服一样重复出现。这是“特朗普 2.0”女性特质的一个元素,这种特质推崇紧致的腰线、高跟鞋和“海湖庄园脸”——这是对通过手术进行紧致和填充的俗称。在政治对手中,“MAGA 妆容”被用作贬义词,并在 TikTok 上被模仿,特点是带有条纹的喷雾美黑和浓重的眼线。

格雷对这些批评不屑一顾。“保守派女性热爱感觉自己很美,”她告诉我。“我认为这正是女性特质的核心支柱,右翼女孩非常看重这一点。”

在特朗普的华盛顿,这也是获得晋升的核心支柱,因为对于一位热爱选美比赛的总统来说,风格和实质同样重要。为今晚支付近 $250 的女性包括特朗普政府的工作人员、保守派影响力人士和共和党公关顾问。一名来自棕榈滩共和党俱乐部的女性专门为此次格雷的教学而远道而来。掌握这些技巧被视为一种职业发展手段。

格雷拥有美术背景,大学毕业后开始从事专业化妆工作,但她能获得这份工作,部分原因在于她与 MAGA 精英的亲近关系。在今年创立自己的美妆业务之前,她曾在福克斯新闻和 Newsmax 担任保守派评论员。她是特朗普国家俱乐部的会员,在那里她第一次结识了利维特。她曾为拉拉·特朗普的前 RNC 发言人伊丽莎白·皮普科(Elizabeth Pipko)化妆,这让她结识了拉拉。

在演示富兰克林的“中度华丽”妆容时,格雷揭示了行业秘诀。“成熟”的面孔应避免使用闪光产品,因为这会让人显得更老。遮瑕膏适用于眼睑打底和重塑唇线,但无法消除皱纹。

经过一小时的努力,富兰克林拥有了烟熏妆、红润的脸颊和光泽的嘴唇。格雷用透明定妆粉将其固定。“这基本上就像一个空气刷滤镜,”她说。

格雷说对了。当她后退一步展示最终效果时,富兰克林看起来毫无疑问是 MAGA 风格,但显得柔和了。

富兰克林对着手镜欣赏着自己的样子。“我真希望艾德里安能住在我的家里,”她说。

麦肯齐·斯科特回归她的初恋:小说

这位亿万富翁慈善家、杰夫·贝佐斯的前妻在远离出版业十年后,正以连载形式推出一部 80,000 字的小说。

作家卡罗尔·格里克费尔德在谈到她的前学生时表示,麦肯齐·斯科特“曾是一位文学作家”。

BY ANNA SILMAN

在 20 世纪 90 年代初的一次写作研讨会后,作家卡罗尔·格里克费尔德的学生在共同开车回家时提到,她和丈夫正准备开一家互联网书店。“我想,‘那挺好的。你们会在网上卖掉一些书的,’”格里克费尔德回忆道。

她当时完全没有意识到,那个握着方向盘的年轻女性——格里克费尔德西雅图写作工作坊里的一名小说家志向者——将会彻底颠覆这个行业。

麦肯齐·斯科特(当时名为麦肯齐·贝佐斯)随后帮助她当时的丈夫杰夫·贝佐斯创立了亚马逊,从而奠定了她作为全球最富有且最慷慨的女性之一的地位。但在格里克费尔德看来,斯科特永远首先是一名作家。

“她曾是一位文学作家,”她回忆道,“她的语言能力、人物塑造——我的意思是,她真的具备了所有这些素质。”

本月,斯科特宣布她将在 Substack 上免费发布一部 80,000 字的连载小说。这部名为《两国最后的日子(十八个心智的历史)》(Last Days in Two Nations (A History in Eighteen Minds))的书将在 8 月份期间发布。这标志着她在离开十多年后重新回归小说创作。

尝试联系斯科特以获取评论,但未获成功。

斯科特出生于旧金山,原名麦肯齐·塔特尔,从小就对书籍和写作产生浓厚兴趣。在她第一部出版的小说致谢词中,她感谢那些“有时能在我的家庭作业中发现几处值得称赞之处,并且始终足够尊重我,以至于能指出大量不足之处”的老师。在就读于康涅狄格州的霍奇基斯寄宿学校后,她获得了普林斯顿大学的奖学金,于 20 世纪 80 年代末进入校园,希望至少能上托妮·莫里森的一门写作课。

莫里森最终成为了斯科特的论文指导老师和终身导师。“她为我树立了一个真正将热情奉献给不止一项事业的生活典范,”斯科特在 2017 年于普林斯顿大学发表的讲话中这样评价这位诺贝尔奖得主。在同一场活动中,于 2019 年去世的莫里森指出,斯科特进入她的课堂时已经是一名“非凡的作家,几乎已经完全成熟”。

“我对她的印象是,一个对待写作非常认真,并且与托妮·莫里森关系非常密切的人,”斯科特的同学、现任弗吉尼亚大学历史教授的劳伦特·杜波依斯回忆道。

他表示,他们著名的教授在课堂上灌输了“关于艺术和文化在我们的民主和社会中所处位置的更广泛认知”。在谈到斯科特时,他说:“我认为她利用其慈善事业和财富所能做的事情,其导航方式就锚定在那个体系、那些价值观和那些伦理之中。”

毕业后,斯科特搬到纽约成为一名小说家。她申请了一家对冲基金的工作,同样是普林斯顿毕业生的贝佐斯面试了她。六个月后,他们结婚,随后不久便搬到了西雅图,以便贝佐斯追求创立在线图书零售商的梦想。

“这是一门有趣的生意,而且总的来说,有一份兼职工作对我的写作很有好处,”她在亚马逊早期的信件中写给莫里森时这样说道。

作家伊森·卡宁在 1996 年左右的太阳谷作家会议工作坊中教过斯科特。在锯齿山脉高处的一个牧场里,学生们坐在山间草地中央的硬背椅子上。他记得斯科特安静且谦逊。当她说自己在亚马逊工作(当时该公司还处于起步阶段)时,卡宁建议她尝试争取股票期权。

托妮·莫里森最终成为了斯科特的论文指导老师和终身导师。

“她是一个非常优秀的作家,严肃,注重人物刻画,勤奋且细心。她对自己要求很高。是班级里的一员大将,”他说道。

斯科特在2005年出版了她的第一本书《卢瑟·奥尔布赖特的考验》(The Testing of Luther Albright)。该故事改编自她的论文,讲述了一位住在萨克拉门托、名叫卢瑟的土木工程师在一次地震后与家人关系疏远的故事。

她通过 Fourth Estate 出版了这本书,该出版社当时是哈珀柯林斯(HarperCollins)旗下的一个品牌。

莫里森提供了编辑建议,并将斯科特介绍给了极具影响力的文学经纪人阿曼达·“宾基”·厄本(Amanda “Binky” Urban),后者还代理过诺拉·艾芙伦(Nora Ephron)、科马克·麦卡锡(Cormac McCarthy)和唐娜·塔特(Donna Tartt)。《出版商周刊》(Publisher’s Weekly)称其为一部“令人印象深刻、低调而有力的处女作”。

该书在次年获得了一项美国图书奖。随后她在2013年推出了《陷阱》(Traps),这是一部简短的悬疑小说,记录了美国西南部四名女性的生活。

虽然亚马逊当时拥有自己的出版品牌,但她选择通过克诺普夫(Knopf)出版她的第二本书。Bogaards 公关公司创始人、前克诺普夫宣传主管保罗·博加兹(Paul Bogaards)表示,斯科特似乎不愿参与围绕该书发行而展开的任何公关宣传。“她只想作为一名作家被严肃对待,并且大部分时间希望不被打扰,”他说。

在2019年与贝佐斯离婚后,斯科特获得了亚马逊的股份,当时价值约 360 亿美元 billion。这次离婚协议使她成为全球最富有的女性之一。斯科特全身心地投入到慈善事业中,捐赠了估计

“她只是希望作为一名作家被严肃对待。”

保罗·博加兹 (PAUL BOGAARDS) 前克诺普夫出版社 (Knopf) 宣传主管

在不到八年的时间里,她向环境、教育、艺术和女性生殖健康等事业捐赠了估计 260 亿美元 billion。她进一步远离公众视野,避开媒体,并通过中间人协调捐款。

她的神秘感与慷慨的慈善行为相结合,使得《两国最后的日子》(Last Days in Two Nations) 成为了一个极具吸引力的剖析项目。

这本书通过 18 个声音进行叙述,背景设定在一个因一系列流行病而陷入混乱的反乌托邦美国。在目前发布的章节中,这个国家被分成了“依然统一”的各州和一个名为“达科他会员制”(Dakota Membership) 的非自由主义领地。一名角色将后者称为“法西斯主题公园”,由一名热爱培育锦鲤的独裁南非外科医生统治。目前该领地有超过 6,000 名订阅者。早期的章节充满了家庭破碎以及为了在法西斯主义下生存而做出个人牺牲的故事,并暗示了文学的救赎力量。

连载小说在查尔斯·狄更斯等 19 世纪作家中很受欢迎,随着 Substack 等数字自出版平台的出现,这种形式再次兴起。加拿大作家布伦登·霍尔德 (Brendon Holder) 撰写了一份名为《Loosey》的热门科技与文化时事通讯,在去年夏天于 Substack 上发布了一部名为《想来就来》(Come If You Want) 的连载中篇小说后,他获得了数千名新关注者。他表示,在线发布可以让新读者更容易接触到作品,尽管大多数人发布较短的摘录是为了给读者最终愿意付费购买的书籍吸引关注。

“也许这是一种只有亿万富翁才会觉得可以承担的风险,”他沉思道,“或者是一种既能避免在亚马逊上销售,又能获得在线评论的天才方式。”

瞧瞧这些夏日里的无毛壮汉

作者:迈克尔·伊恩·布莱克 (MICHAEL IAN BLACK)

在2026年,我们的男性气概典范们肌肉发达、体格魁梧,且像肯(Ken)娃娃一样光滑。你可以称之为美国历史上最诡异的审美时刻之一。

不,我不看《恋爱岛》(Love Island)。作为一个纯爷们,我太过于“兄弟化”了,看不下去这种女性化的节目。所以别问我是怎么知道节目里的男嘉宾们花在脱毛上的时间比一般的《真实主妇》还要多。也别问我关于浪漫喜剧剧集《校外》(Off Campus)的事。我绝对没有注意到现代电视荧幕上充斥着强壮的男人,有些人留着壮观的胡须或浓密的头发,但身体却像芭比娃娃一样光滑。

作为一名敏锐的文化观察者,我不禁感叹,我们正陷入美国历史上最诡异的审美时刻之一:无毛壮汉之夏。现代男主角比以往任何时候都更魁梧、更宽阔、肌肉更发达。他能硬拉起一辆别克车,能吊在直升机上,他的下颌线能劈开花岗岩。但与此同时,他锁骨以下的所有毛发似乎都失踪了。

世世代代以来,体毛一直是成年男性的代名词。而现在,理想男性的样子就像是由漫威影业(Marvel Studios)组装,然后用轨道砂光机打磨过一样。

《恋爱岛美国季》第八季的参赛者。

而且这并不像是某种“都市男性”(metrosexual)审美的回归。他们不是精致的都市时尚达人。这些家伙肌肉线条分明,纹身满身,在约会节目中竞争。他们的外在形象在呐喊着睾酮素。除了他们把自己拔得像海豚一样光滑的部分;《恋爱盲选》(Love Is Blind)的扎克·戈伊托夫斯基(Zack Goytowski)和《恋爱岛》的扎克·乔治(Zach Georgiou)都承认自己刮过腿毛。

这种情况并不局限于真人秀。零售分析师估计,在接下来的五年左右时间里,全球男性理容市场将增长数百亿美元——甚至数千亿美元。

我们的领导层也未能幸免。看看那位“战士总司令”皮特·赫格塞斯(Pete Hegseth)就知道了,他花大量时间警告美国男性气概正遭受攻击。关于军方将开始测试“作战人员”睾酮水平的公告,听起来不像五角大楼的政策,倒更像是一部名为《美国下一个顶级阿尔法男》的试播集。

然而,即便政治家们在教导我们要重新发现传统男子气概,他们塑造它的方式却与Instagram上的健身网红一样,有着强迫症般的精准。赫格塞斯极力反对军队中留面部毛发,并在2025年宣布将“不再有胡子男”。显然,我们应该变成维京人。只不过是……无毛的维京人。

也许,男子气概正在从一种“需要赢得”的东西,转变为一种“需要表演”的东西。这就是所谓的“颜值最大化”(looksmaxxing)。它是包裹在六块腹肌之下的、真人秀风格的表演性敏感。而且这超级烦人。如果说传统的男性气概有时会走向“有毒”,那么这个版本则直接冲向了荒诞。这是一种退步的大男子主义与完美修剪的指甲之间诡异的混搭。这是现代人类对野蛮天性的胜利。

或者,这也许与虚荣无关,而与焦虑有关。这种焦虑一直困扰着男性。它源于男性气概的难题:一个人必须在被部落接纳之前,先拿到一张“男人卡”。这就是为什么标准依然混乱。我们应该是强悍但敏感,强悍但迟钝,还是敏感但性别歧视?

尽管如此,毛发是自然生长的,而人格则不然。尽管人们如此焦虑,但对我来说,美国男性采用女性同行的理容习惯,竟然没有在“男性圈”(manosphere)精英中引发像表达同理心那样强烈的警报,这依然令我觉得很有趣。

没有人会将真人秀里那些没有体毛的男人视为榜样,但他们的流行表明,关于男子气概的文化暗示可能正在演变。或者,在文化模仿真人秀的所有方式中,男性体毛的缺失或许正是其最终且空洞的体现:我们作为灵长类动物祖先留下的那些被拔除的残余,正像我们因观看这些垃圾节目而萎缩的大脑一样,被抹除得干干净净。毕竟,对于毫无思考的男性气质来说,还有什么比一张白纸更好的载体呢?

现在,请原谅,我家里的某个人——不是我——得去查看一下 Devo 和 Brittany 的感情状态,因为我家里的某个人——再次强调,不是我!——真的希望他们能复合。

迈克尔·伊恩·布莱克(Michael Ian Black)是一位演员、作家和喜剧演员,目前在 CNN 的《我有新闻给你》(Have I Got News for You)节目中担任队长。

讣告

草间弥生 / 1929-2026

草间弥生身处其一件装置艺术作品之中。右侧为 2012 年的一次展出,展示了带有其波点图案的路易威登(Louis Vuitton)系列产品。

这位当代艺术家始终敢于实验

作为 20 世纪 60 年代纽约前卫艺术界的迷幻创新者,她凭借极具“自拍潜质”的沉浸式环境获得了长久的影响力

作者:KELLY CROW

日本当代艺术家草间弥生逝世。她的知名作品曾一度使她成为全球身价最高的女性艺术家。享年 97 岁。

东京草间弥生美术馆和草间弥生基金会在一份声明中宣布了她的去世。声明称,她于 8 月 14 日在东京的一家医院去世。

声明称:“她直到最后时刻仍在绘画,从未放下画笔,并始终坚定地相信爱可以拯救世界。”

自 1977 年起,草间弥生选择居住在东京的一家精神病院中,但她在附近的工作室里创作的绘画、雕塑、装置和时尚设计在世界各地展出。她最著名的作品包括让人联想到渔网的单色抽象画,以及布满波点的画布和大空间,这些作品唤起了她童年时经历的幻觉。

她的“无限镜屋”首次在纽约展出,通过反射和光线创造出无穷空间的震撼错觉。这些作品吸引了数百万观众,并在 Instagram 上极受欢迎。

但对于草间弥生来说,艺术并非为了名利而选择的道路;艺术是对她强迫倾向和精神病发作的升华与救赎。在 2018 年的纪录片《草间:无限》(Kusama: Infinity)中,她表示:“我将我的创伤转化为艺术。我将生命的能量转化为宇宙的波点。”

她在创建极具“自拍潜质”的沉浸式环境方面极具天赋,其中一件作品永久展出于洛杉矶的布罗德美术馆(Broad museum)。其他拥有其作品的机构还包括纽约现代艺术博物馆和东京当代艺术馆。

起初,她因保守的家庭而被打压,并被艺术主流圈子所忽视,但近几十年来,随着策展人重新评估她对战后波普艺术的影响力,她的知名度激增,其影响力足以与安迪·沃霍尔(Andy Warhol)和克拉斯·奥尔登堡(Claes Oldenburg)等同时代艺术家相媲美。

草间弥生被誉为 20 世纪 60 年代纽约前卫艺术界一名迷幻且具有创新精神的成员,她曾——

在 2017 年华盛顿赫希霍恩博物馆和雕塑花园(Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden)举办的一次镜面装置展上,参观者排队数小时,只为在她的每个房间中停留数秒。前馆长、即将出任所罗门·R·古根海姆博物馆(Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum)馆长的梅丽莎·丘(Melissa Chiu)表示,这次展览帮助该博物馆在当年吸引了 120 万 名访客,使其年参观人数翻了一番。

1967 年的草间弥生,于纽约州伍德斯托克。

在创作初期,她的性别和种族可以说在一定程度上阻碍了她在艺术界获得影响力,但这些因素最终变成了主要的卖点。在亚洲富裕收藏家的推动下,草间弥生在 2014 年成为最昂贵的在世女性艺术家,当时她 1960 年创作的单色无限网绘画《白色 28 号》(White No. 28)在纽约佳士得拍卖行以 $7.100 万 成交。2019 年 4 月,她再次打破自己的纪录,同一系列的 1959 年作品《无尽网 4 号》(Interminable Net No. 4)在香港苏富比拍卖行以 $800 万 成交。她目前已不再持有该头衔,该纪录由玛琳·杜马斯(Marlene Dumas)的一幅名为《一月小姐》(Miss January)的画作以 $13.600 万 夺得,不过这与杰夫·昆斯(Jeff Koons)的雕塑作品《兔子》(Rabbit)在拍卖会上拍出的 $91.100 万 相比仍相去甚远。

她于 22, 1929, 3 月出生在日本中部长野县的松本市。作为四个孩子中最小的一个,草间弥生成长在一个从事水果、蔬菜和花卉种子种植与销售的家庭中。她曾回忆起自己漫步进入一个开满花的—。

“我将生命的能量转化为宇宙的点点星光。”

草间弥生 摘自 2018 年纪录片《草间:无限》(Kusama: Infinity)

更多故事请访问

花田之中,在无尽的茎秆与花朵间迷失方向——这种感觉被她比作“消融”,并且她试图在艺术创作中重现这种感觉。她说,圆点出现在她童年的幻觉中,并在她的作品中占据了主导地位。

草间弥生的母亲并不欣赏她从 10 岁左右开始创作的艺术,经常没收她的画作。草间在 2002 年的自传《无限网》(Infinity Net)中写道:“她曾一次将我的调色盘踢到房间另一头。”因此,她说自己很早就学会了以极快的速度绘画。即便到了 80 多岁,她仍能在大约三天内完成一幅墙壁大小的画作。

她的母亲最终妥协,允许女儿就读艺术学校,但草间渴望突破日本传统的“日本画”(Nihonga)风格。1955 年,她写信给艺术家乔治亚·欧姬芙(Georgia O'Keeffe),就如何应对画家“艰辛的生活”寻求建议。欧姬芙回复说,她应该搬到纽约。草间于 1957 年搬到西雅图,一年后搬到了纽约。

即便没有最初在纽约市中心画廊开幕式上穿着的华丽和服,草间依然会显得格外突出——一个雄心勃勃的亚洲

女性,在那个主要推崇白人男性的艺术世界中争取关注。她曾与艺术家约瑟夫·康奈尔(Joseph Cornell)约会,并与唐纳德·贾德(Donald Judd)和伊娃·海瑟(Eva Hesse)等艺术家成为好友。1961 年,由艺术家经营的布拉塔画廊(Brata Gallery)率先展出了她的绘画作品。

草间表示,她在 20 世纪 60 年代的许多实验要么遭到冷遇,要么更糟——被他人模仿。

艺术家卢卡斯·萨马拉斯(Lucas Samaras)在 1965 年因构建了一个内墙贴满镜子的房间而获得赞誉;而就在几个月前,草间的“无限镜屋(阴茎之场)”展览中就出现了一个贴满镜子且布满填充波点形状的房间。次年又发生了类似的重复:她将画廊的墙壁贴满了船只的图像,不久之后,沃霍尔(Warhol)也效仿她,创作了牛的丝网印刷图像。

这种艺术上的“双人舞”损害了草间的心理健康,使她陷入抑郁期。越南战争同样如此,她为此组织了裸体抗议和行为艺术,这些活动在 1969 年登上了《纽约日报》(New York Daily News)的封面,并在日本报纸报道后引发了丑闻。

在尝试自杀后,草间于 1973 年搬回日本。在东京,她并没有受到英雄般的欢迎,而是多年来被像嬉皮士贱民一样排斥。1977 年,她入住了一家倡导艺术疗法的医院,并创作了一系列阴郁、原始的拼贴画,内容涉及鸟类、昆虫和类似博斯(Bosch)风格的意象,其中包括一部名为《自杀的我》的作品。

她的回归始于 1989 年纽约国际当代艺术中心举办的一次回顾展。随后,她受邀在 1993 年威尼斯双年展的日本馆内安装作品。

观众们被深深吸引。

草间在日本获得了认可,松本市美术馆展出了她的作品,称她为“天才”。2017 年,以她命名的基金会在东京靠近其住所和工作室的地方开设了草间弥生美术馆,用于展出她的艺术作品。

“我通常没有关于想要创作什么的固定想法,也不知道画作最终会呈现什么样子。无数的想法涌入我的脑海,”草间曾告诉《华尔街日报》。“但一旦我开始绘画,图像就变得清晰了。当作品完成时,我意识到,这正是我一直试图创作的那幅画。”

—Darryl Wee 对本文亦有贡献。

读者来信

读者对老年人吸食大麻持有强烈观点

最近的一篇 A-hed 专栏探讨了大麻在老年群体中日益普及的现象,以及由此引发的与邻居之间的冲突。WSJ 的读者就吸食大麻的益处、如今高纯度大麻的风险,以及如何完全避免引发邻里愤怒的技巧发表了看法。以下是经过编辑(以保证篇幅和清晰度)的部分读者评论。

不再是你母亲那个时代的大麻 许多人没有意识到,这已经不再是 60 年代、70 年代甚至 80 年代的大麻了。它经过了科学增强,药效比之前的品种强得多。 ——Michael Rheintgen

至于气味,这绝不是 1970 年代大学校园里的那种大麻,那时的大麻有独特但并不难闻的气味。而现代大麻的气味有时很难与城市人孔盖偶尔排出的下水道气体区分开来。 ——Colin Greene

改用食用产品吧

你知道的,并不一定要通过吸食来使用大麻。得有人告诉这些婴儿潮一代的人使用酊剂,这样既能保护他们的肺,也能顾及邻居的敏感。 ——Diane Conklin

这其实与吸食大麻无关,而在于如何做一个好邻居,以及是否尊重社区中的人们。如果我吸大麻,且气味一直飘进邻居家中,我会寻找一种将其降至最低的方法:空气净化器、风扇,或者在远离邻居门口的地方设立吸烟区。我在商业空间见过一些能将烟雾从特定区域抽走的小风扇。一定有更好的解决方案,能让双方在和平与舒适中生活。 ——Amy Bean

吸任何东西对肺部都有害。

做一个好邻居,烤一些大麻曲奇并与邻居分享。 ——Ray Kung

如果你住在大麻合法的州,你可以像吸尼古丁电子烟一样购买 THC 电子烟弹。呼出的蒸汽完全没有味道。呃,至少我是这么听说的。 ——Raymond Robinson

比酒精好

我是一名急诊科医生。是的,我们确实见过一些大麻引起的问题,但毫无疑问,酒精才是导致毁灭性行为的之首。 ——Kip Benko

老年烟民引发骚扰

(接第一页)强到能让纸巾“像旗帜一样飘动”。她多次拨打警方电话,但表示警察不愿在深夜敲这对夫妇的门。她与邻居进行了激烈的交谈,感觉就像回到了高中时代。

“其实一直就是那种冷笑,”Terenzi 说,“就像在说,‘噢,得了吧。如果你是……”

我曾有一位女性长辈朋友,她经常参加老年舞会。她说外面总有一大群人在吸大麻。我问她是否有人喝酒,她说喝酒的人都已经死光了。 ——Sean Clark

婴儿潮一代正在服用这种药物来缓解疼痛、改善睡眠并…… “我不得不进入后房。”Jos. S. J. Ivalito-Shenherd,一名……

我的许多婴儿潮一代朋友吸大麻,而且是以一种礼貌且负责任的方式。比起在醉汉身边,我更愿意在吸大麻的人身边。 ——MaryAnn Benedetti

别破坏我的兴致

我在大学时抽大麻,那时我没有任何责任。(这大概能解释我的 GPA!)但后来我找到了工作,组建了家庭,在接下来的 40 年里不得不戒掉,因为我有了责任。现在我退休了,孩子也搬走了。点上一根吧! —— 约翰·埃里克森 (John Erickson)

我 72 岁。我打桥牌的朋友们使用软糖和滴剂来助眠。有几个玩家服用 Adderall 以提高竞技状态,并强烈要求我也服用一颗。我以为 70 年代已经过去了,但结果我们在 70 多岁的时候回到了 70 年代。 —— 琳达·舒伯特 (Linda Schubert)

我 98 岁,抽大麻抽了一辈子。从未遇到过问题,也没有理由考虑停止。 —— 爱德华·贾维尔 (Edward Jawer)

我 86 岁的母亲在临终关怀期间得到了大麻处方。她成了信徒。作为一名最近退休的人,我在每天三英里的散步前会吸一点电子烟来缓解关节炎,在晚餐时间前后会多吸一点,这提高了我的睡眠质量。 —— 沃利·鲁 (Wally Rooh)

我现在正处于亢奋状态。烤箱里有一份披萨。 —— 史蒂夫·伯恩 (Steve Byrne)

飞碟:《第三类接触》(1977年)的一帧剧照。

如何解读天空中的迹象

在民粹主义 era,即便政府披露关于不明物体的消息,带来的疑问也比答案更多

《我们想要相信》(We Want to Believe) 作者:亚当·基尔施(Adam Kirsch) 哥伦比亚全球报告出版,128页,$18

《太空信仰》(Faith in Space) 作者:保罗·C·古特贾尔(Paul C. Gutjahr) 普林斯顿出版,368页,$35

作者:多米尼克·格林(DOMINIC GREEN)

对地外生命和外星人接触的普遍信仰,是二战后心理状态的首批标志之一。这场全球冲突为我们带来了高空飞行、喷气发动机、火箭、雷达以及改良的航空摄影。1947年,一名飞行员报告在华盛顿州雷尼尔山附近发现异常飞行物体。同年,一名牧场主在新墨西哥州罗斯威尔的机场附近发现了金属和橡胶碎片。机场工作人员宣布捕获了一个飞碟,随后又称其为气象气球。

1951年,美国空军指派战时轰炸手爱德华·鲁佩尔特(Edward Ruppelt)负责一项名为“蓝色书籍计划”(Project Blue Book)的任务,旨在收集并分析飞行员的报告。鲁佩尔特将这些飞碟称为“不明飞行物体”(UFO)。1952年夏天,全美范围内出现了一波目击热潮。在华盛顿特区郊外的安德鲁斯空军基地附近,两次出现了成群的飞行光点。第二次出现时,喷气式飞机紧急起飞拦截,但当飞机靠近时,光点及其雷达信号全部消失。此后数十年,UFO的剧本几乎没有变化:天空中的光点、关于掩盖真相的指控,以及反复出现的证据缺失。

在《我们想要 believe》一书中,亚当·基尔施表示,“没有令人信服的理由认为地球曾被外星飞船访问过。”他认为我们尚未达到卡尔·萨根(Carl Sagan)设定的标准:“非凡的结论需要非凡的证据。”基尔施是一位诗人兼评论家,他敏锐地察觉到心理欲望与现象学体验之间的关系。他怀疑外星人的存在,但承认他们在我们的想象中占据重要地位,是“人类不断演进的自我画像”中的一个章节。他写道,通过研究对外星人的信仰,我们“可以帮助理清我们这个时代一些主要的社会和精神困境,即便——或者尤其是——如果UFO实际上并不存在。”

基尔施指出了近期反映态度合法化转变的两点变化。首先,他写道,政府和媒体在过去十年中“开始以更加严肃的态度对待这一话题”。那些曾经被斥为骗局或仅由超市小报报道的目击事件,现在在“主流媒体和国会大厅中被礼貌地讨论”。这一趋势反映了媒体和政治领域更广泛的严肃性缺失。其次,尽管“几乎所有科学家”都否认外星人访问过地球,但研究人员“越来越有信心人类将发现地外生命”。

“它们是真实的,但我没见过它们,”巴拉克·奥巴马在今年2月告诉一名播客主持人。奥巴马澄清说,没有证据表明外星人存在,“除非存在一个巨大的阴谋”。地外生命是唐纳德·特朗普表示自己没有意见的少数事情之一。基尔施认为,随着公共理性的衰落,美国历史上对中央集权权力的怀疑在科学前沿演变为恶性肿瘤,UFO崇拜者在那里向其他阴谋论者低语。

罗马人将流星雨和日食视为神圣的预兆。我们将它们视为物理现象,但它们依然能引发我们惊叹地仰望。基尔施指出,希腊语中的“kosmos”意为“有序”。他观察到,天空中任何异常的出现都具有“深刻的迷失感”。借鉴马丁·海德格尔(Martin Heidegger)的现象学,他将目击UFO定义为一种在“上天崩溃且停止运作时”产生的感官印象。基尔施写道,在经历了一个多世纪的动力飞行后,我们“尚未将高层大气稳固地纳入人类经验的领域”。UFO神话,尤其是其伪科学术语,是一种将未知事物驯化的方式。

1947年,华盛顿上空出现奇异景象。2024年,新泽西州因无人机而陷入疯狂。

基尔施先生将转折点定在2017年12月,当时五角大楼“先进航空航天威胁识别计划”中关于奇异空中现象的影像资料被泄露。随后,众议院举行了听证会,虽然形式上看起来很正式,但并未提供任何新信息。接踵而至的是1952年飞碟热的复活,表现为一场“神秘无人机”恐慌。目击事件于2024年11月始于新泽西州。基尔施先生写道,到12月时,整个州似乎都处于“无人机围攻”之下。民选官员的看法与他们的选民一致;他们同样看过《第三类接触》(1977)、《E.T.》(1982)和《黑衣人》(1997)。但这一次,外星人是地球上的。

新泽西州众议员杰夫·范·德鲁(Jeff Van Drew)声称,有消息人士承认这些无人机可能来自大西洋中的一艘伊朗母舰。德克萨斯州众议员迈克尔·麦考尔(Michael McCaul)则表示,“根据我的经验”,这些无人机很可能来自中国。佐治亚州众议员马乔里·泰勒·格林(Marjorie Taylor Greene)表示,她将亲自把这些无人机击落,“就像其他所有热血且热爱自由的美国人一样”。候任总统特朗普也发表了类似的声明。然而,在特朗普第二任期开始九天后,白宫解释称,这些无人机是经美国联邦航空管理局(FAA)许可用于研究的,且当地的无人机爱好者增加了空中机队的数量。

政府在需要时会推翻大众的认知。基尔施先生认为,如果否定UFO挑战了经验的民主平等,那么相信它们就成了一种“试图夺回个人经验主权的尝试”。在一个技术社会中,UFO成为了捍卫个人按照自己意愿观察天空之权利的载体。基尔施先生发现,“UFO在民粹主义反抗时代进入主流并非巧合”,而政府的立场反转始于2017年。如果正如基尔施先生所言,支持UFO是对感知和价值观的“革命号召”,那么对其认可可能会引发政治革命。

保罗·C·古特雅尔(Paul C. Gutjahr)在《太空信仰》(Faith in Space)中将“外星宇宙论”定义为美国宗教中“货物崇拜”式创新中持久存在的乘客。印第安纳大学英语教授古特雅尔先生指出,在他广泛的研究对象中,“没有出现主要的犹太教或天主教先知人物”。外星宇宙论源于本杰明·富兰克林和托马斯·潘恩在哲学上的新教式推测,两人都假设存在多个世界。古特雅尔先生追踪了斯威登堡主义、摩门教和基督复临安息日会等流行创新,通过通灵论、神智学、山达基教、伊斯兰民族以及天堂之门(Heaven's Gate)得以延续,后者的39名成员于1997年自杀,因为他们相信自己的灵魂将登上等待中的宇宙飞船。

随着海伦娜·布拉瓦茨基(Helena Blavatsky)和 L. 罗恩·哈伯德(L. Ron Hubbard)那些自我救赎的愚蠢之谈,欺诈的线索进入了古特雅尔先生的故事。随后,随着前囚犯马拉基·Z·约克(Malachi Z. York)对“摩尔人”的神秘化包装,这种欺诈演变成了犯罪。在经历了安萨尔纯粹苏菲运动(1967)、努比亚伊斯兰希伯来传教团(1968)和努比亚伊斯兰希伯来人(1969)的失败尝试后,约克在纽约布鲁克林的千禧年主义“安萨鲁·安拉社区”(Ansaaru Allah Community)中担任了二十年的马赫迪(救世主),直到1992年转向犹太教教义。

不久之后,约克率领“统一努瓦乌比安摩尔民族”(United Nuwaubian Nation of Moors)进入佐治亚州普特南县的荒野。古特雅尔先生讲述道,约克在那里透露自己是“来自伊柳恩(Illyuwn)太阳系里兹克(Rizq)星球的名为‘亚努恩’(Yaanuwn)的外星人”,并开设了一座以埃及为主题的游乐园,其中包括拉美西斯俱乐部(Club Rameses),这家“夜总会在周末夜晚最多可吸引 1,500 名顾客”。2004 年,约克因包括猥亵儿童和敲诈勒索在内的罪行被判处 135 年监禁。目前尚不清楚他的追随者为何接受他的教义。一个古老的解释可能是最合理的:他们想要相信。

格林先生是《华尔街日报》的撰稿人,也是英国皇家历史学会的会士。

一场史诗般的文学奥德赛

《被荷马萦绕》(Homer-Haunted) 作者:亨利·鲍尔 (Henry Power) 布鲁姆斯伯里连续体出版社 (Bloomsbury Continuum),352页,$32

作者:詹姆斯·罗姆 (JAMES ROMM)

“被荷马萦绕”这个词确实可以用作描述 2026 年这个痴迷于《奥德赛》的夏天,但事实上,《被荷马萦绕:一位古代诗人的多种后世生命》(Homer-Haunted: The Many Afterlives of an Ancient Poet)探讨的是诗歌而非电影。作者亨利·鲍尔是埃克塞特大学的英语文学教授,他带领读者走进一座画廊,回顾了四个多世纪以来与荷马遗产搏斗的英语诗人。他是一位风趣且富有冒险精神的向导,在历史、传记和游记的支流中穿行,沿途探索着片段的诗句。这一切共同构成了一场对文学生活的卓越庆典——这种生活在今天已深受威胁,但人们希望,像这样的一本书能将其从灭绝中拯救出来。

在巴尔干半岛以西没有人能读懂古希腊语的几个世纪里,萦绕在中世纪和文艺复兴早期的其实是维吉尔的幽灵,而非荷马。但即便在无法直接接触荷马的情况下,欧洲的诗人仍能感受到他幽灵般的存在。14 世纪中期,彼特拉克对他缺乏希腊语能力感到遗憾,并敦促一名受过拜占庭训练的学者利昂提乌斯·皮拉图斯 (Leontius Pilatus) 创作荷马作品的拉丁语译本(他于 1362 年完成了此项工作)。首批方言版本出现在 16 世纪;在该世纪末期,此前仅是一名平庸剧作家的英国人乔治·查普曼 (George Chapman) 出版了《荷马伊利亚特七卷》(Seaven Bookes of the Iliades of Homere) (1598),这是首部直接由希腊语翻译而成的英语版荷马作品。随后二十年间,查普曼完成了《伊利亚特》和《奥德赛》的全译本。

鲍尔先生从查普曼的荷马译本开始他的考察,但经常将目光回溯到荷马史诗本身。得益于他许多敏锐的观察,这些讨论远远超出了简单的背景介绍或情节摘要。在名为“小事”且聚焦于伊丽莎白·巴雷特·勃朗宁 (Elizabeth Barrett Browning) 的章节中,他深刻地指出:“《伊利亚特》和《奥德赛》充满了制作精良的事物。这不仅仅是指物体——在荷马的诗篇中,我们看到了一种精心准备事物的执着。”随后他展示了巴雷特·勃朗宁如何秉持类似的执着,围绕日常生活而非她最初探索的主题拿破仑·波拿巴,创作了史诗长诗《奥罗拉·利》(Aurora Leigh) (1856)。

该章节涵盖了多位作品中体现出对小事之爱的英国作家。书中穿插讨论了丹尼尔·笛福的《鲁滨逊漂流记》(Robinson Crusoe) (1719) 和乔治·艾略特的《米德尔马契》(Middle-march) (1871-72),并深入探讨了弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫一部鲜为人知的作品《弗拉什》(Flush) (1933),

在英语诗歌与散文的织锦中,追踪荷马作品的线索。

这是一部以其爱犬的视角审视巴雷特·勃朗宁的小说式研究。在此过程中,鲍尔先生还侧面审视了各种伪史诗,包括罗伯特·骚塞的《罗德里克:最后的哥特人》(Roderick: The Last of the Goths) (1814) 以及一部名为《海王:格律浪漫诗》(The Sea-King: A Metrical Romance) 的维多利亚时代诗作。鲍尔先生阅读的广度在这些考察中得到了充分展现。

在这锅文学大杂烩中,鲍尔先生还加入了关于巴雷特·勃朗宁的简短素描,请翻至 C8 页

黄金领域:约翰·基茨阅读查普曼译荷马作品的插图。

“对于自然哲学家来说,没有一个自然对象是不重要或微不足道的……他行走在奇迹之中。”——约翰·赫希 (JOHN HERSHEY)

五佳 罗伯塔·郭 (ROBERTA KWOK)

科学的人文面相

《迷失在好奇心之中》的作者讲述实验室意外、野外考察冒险以及在追求真理过程中所做的个人牺牲

Lab Girl 作者:Hope Jahren (2016)

1 地球生物学家兼植物研究员 Hope Jahren 将她的实验室描述为一个避风港、一座教堂和一个自给自足的世界。“我选择科学,是因为科学给了我所需的东西,”她写道,“一个最字面意义上的家:一个安全所在之地。”在她的回忆录《Lab Girl》中,Jahren 女士讲述了既戏剧化又平凡的科学奋斗史。在一次震耳欲聋且危险的实验室事故中,一个充气过量的玻璃管爆炸了。而一个更普遍的压力来源则是争取研究资金的战斗(在资金开始枯竭时,她曾翻找大学的垃圾桶以获取材料)。这本书的主线是她与 Bill 的友谊,Bill 是一位学术上的独行侠,他在野外细致的工作引起了她的注意。他成为了 Jahren 女士坚定的科学伙伴——两人因共同的一种“侥幸逃脱”的感觉而建立了纽带。当 Bill 第一次看到她那个狭小、破旧且发霉的实验室空间时,她一度感到羞愧。但他只关注角落里的电路设置。在考虑如何为他们的研究配置一台重要设备后,他给出了结论:“完全完美。”

《周期表》作者:Primo Levi (1975)

对于 Primo Levi 来说,化学是一场惊心动魄的决斗,一场“面对面的较量”。它将“毫无经验、毫无武装的化学家”置于一边,而“在另一边,以谜团回应的则是物质”。在第二次世界大战爆发之初, 是意大利都灵的一名年轻犹太化学家。《周期表》通过一系列短篇论文讲述了他的早期研究尝试以及他对法西斯主义的抵抗——这些文章由 Raymond Rosenthal 于 1984 年翻译成英文——每篇论文都对应一种化学元素。在与反纳粹游击队共同战斗了一段时间后, 被俘并被送往奥斯威辛集中营。他部分地通过在一家德国实验室工作而幸存下来。在名为“铈”的章节中, 描述了他在饥饿交加之时,如何偷窃铈铁棒来制作打火机燧石,以便用它们换取面包。在他的回忆中,他用物理且亲密的方式来呈现化学。一种大蒜味

PRIMO 约 1980 年。

曾提醒他糖中存在砷,而浓溶液的溅洒则像“弯刀的一击”一样割破衣服。对于 来说,科学这门学科——它是“每一步都清晰、明确且可验证的”——是对抗极权主义(“一个由谎言和空虚交织而成的组织”)的武器。

《加速》(The Quickening)作者:伊丽莎白·拉什 (2023)

2019年,近60名科学家和船员乘坐“纳撒尼尔·B·帕尔默”号(Nathaniel B. Palmer)破冰船,前往南极洲的斯韦茨冰川(Thwaites Glacier)。在《加速》一书中,伊丽莎白·拉什将这条冰河称为决定海平面上升将如何影响沿海社区的“最大变数”。该团队收集冰盖数据的雄心计划被风暴、舵机故障、医疗紧急情况以及冰层逼近的威胁所阻碍。拉什女士的叙述与其他科学书籍的不同之处在于,她关注那些承担支持研究人员基础工作的船员:每天早晨拖洗楼梯间,在穿越德雷克海峡(Drake Passage,位于南美洲合恩角与南极洲之间的一条险峻水道)的剧烈颠簸中烹饪晚餐。本书还揭示了科学家们对其使命及其后果的深层情感,以及他们对壮丽极地景观的敬畏。一名研究人员告诉拉什女士,探险结束后他将多么想念南极洲。“这就像坠入爱河,”他说,“当你离开时,你会想再次见到那个人……即便你才刚刚离开。”

《雀之喙》(The Beak of the Finch)作者:乔纳森·魏纳 (1994)

罗斯玛丽·格兰特和彼得·格兰特是一对进化生物学家夫妇,他们研究加拉帕戈斯群岛中一座名为达芙妮主岛(Daphne Major)的小型火山岛上的鸣禽,他们是乔纳森·魏纳《雀之喙》一书的主角。在查尔斯·达尔文于1835,年乘坐“小猎犬号”访问的岛屿附近,格兰特夫妇对他们的鸟类研究对象如此熟悉,以至于能够识别数百只个体雀类以及鸟喙中的种子类型。书中呈现的是一个科学家庭的故事——格兰特夫妇的女儿们和一些勇敢的学生加入了他们的工作——在岛屿遭受干旱和风暴袭击的近二十年里,他们忠实地记录了雀类的实时进化。当彼得与其他研究人员分享他们的发现时,一位同行生物学家对彼得的观点表示怀疑,彼得认为喙部尺寸的微小差异可以决定一只雀类的生死。另一位科学家坚持认为:“我不相信0.5毫米真的有那么重要。”魏纳先生展示了它确实很重要。

《船热》(Ship Fever)作者:安德里亚·巴雷特 (1996)

5数以万计渴望逃离家乡饥荒的爱尔兰移民,在1847年于现今加拿大魁北克省的格罗斯岛(Grosse Île)检疫站登陆。《船热》是安德里亚·巴雷特短篇小说集中的同名中篇小说,讲述了一位年轻医生在深受心爱女人的嘲讽之苦后,在检疫站提供服务的故事。抵达那里后,他被治疗伤寒流行病受害者的工作压得喘不过气,其中一些在船上死亡的人被“扔在最近的海滩上,像柴火一样被绳索捆绑”。在这些故事中,杰出科学人物的职业生涯与普通人的生活交织在一起。《雏菊的行为》(The Behavior of the Hawkweeds)的叙述者沉思于她祖父童年时与格雷戈尔·孟德尔(Gregor Mendel)的邂逅,这位僧侣通过豌豆实验为现代遗传学奠定了基础。在《稀有之鸟》(Rare Bird)中,18世纪英国的一位女性在一位新朋友的陪伴中找到了乐趣,这位朋友帮助她验证瑞典自然学家卡尔·林奈(Carl Linnaeus)关于燕子在水下冬眠的说法。巴雷特的故事将科学实践描绘成,正如其中一个角色所言,“被孤独和渴望所扭曲”。

荷马如何萦绕英国文学

(接第C7页)生活,重点探讨了她的路径在何处与荷马交汇,或如何引导她尝试创作自己的史诗诗篇。作者是一位专注的研究者,在每一章中,他都深入挖掘档案和私人信件,以寻找最具启发性的素材。在这种情况下,他发现巴雷特·勃朗宁在12岁时曾在信中记录了她对亚历山大·波普 18 世纪译本《伊利亚特》的痴迷,一年后,她又用波普所采用的韵律对句体写了一首关于马拉松战役的诗。鲍尔先生为我们提供了巴雷特·勃朗宁诗作中的几行文字,他在其中听到了激发该作之原著的回响。“我怀疑即使是波普本人,在13岁时是否也能如此令人信服地像波普一样,”他写道,这种评论体现了他那宽厚而风趣的特质。

诗人往往过着动荡的生活,当鲍尔先生在每一章中化身为传记作者时,这种模式为他提供了绝佳的故事素材。巴雷特·勃朗宁在与诗人罗伯特·勃朗宁结婚后的生活异常顺遂。(“无论多少学术性的铺垫,都无法让勃朗宁夫妇的求爱过程显得不浪漫,”鲍尔先生写道)。但更近期的生活则带有流浪汉小说色彩(《伊利亚特》改编作《战争音乐》的作者克里斯托弗·洛格曾被关在军事监狱中),或带有酒神式的狂放(汤姆·冈的一些短诗是在服用LSD期间创作的)。为了理解这两位20世纪后期的作家,鲍尔先生化身为采访者,拜访那些认识他们的人,以获得第一手视角。在与洛格遗孀一同参观洛格的住宅时,他发现了一本波普的《伊利亚特》,洛格在工作时将其放在手边,旁边还放着一套格格不入的帕丁顿熊故事集。

鲍尔先生将自己生活故事的片段编织进这本书的织锦之中。他经常以回忆录作者般的坦率写作,分享将他与研究对象或荷马史诗联系起来的个人时刻。“我在到处都能看到它们的痕迹,”他在引言中谈到这些史诗时说道。“我的儿子打电话问我什么时候回来……我想到了特勒马科斯,耐心地等待了20年才等到父亲归来。”这种类比可能会显得过于宏大,但由于出自鲍尔先生之口,它似乎源于一种对诗歌全心全意的热爱。他本人也深受荷马的影响,他前往僻静之地,赢得他所遇到的看门人和钥匙持有者的信任,以便与那些同样被这种情结占据的人交流。

鲍尔先生之前的著作大多关于18世纪的作家,然而他对于近现代的自由诗一样得心应手,正如他对待韵律对句和十四行诗那样。他将他的调研一直延续到今天,并熟练地写到了三位目前活跃的诗人:爱丽丝·奥斯瓦尔德、萨莎·杜格代尔和A.E. 斯塔林斯。但他并不害怕承认,艰深的现代诗有时也会让他感到困惑。“庞德的《诗章》有其回报,但回报是断断续续的,”他在谈到这位诗人的古怪巨作时写道。“我可以舍弃其中的大部分……也许这是我的缺陷,但我安慰自己,还有更糟糕的缺陷。”

《荷马萦绕》(Homer-Haunted)涉及了许多伟大的名字——包括查普曼、波普和约翰·基茨——以及一些已陷入被遗忘状态的名字。其中一个更引人入胜的章节讲述了詹姆斯·麦克弗森,一位在18世纪出版了史诗《芬格尔》的苏格兰人。

奥德修斯像章鱼一样紧紧抓着一块岩石。鲍尔写道:“诗就像一只章鱼,很难将其掌控。”

声称翻译了一位名为奥西安(Ossian)的盖尔语吟游诗人的此前不为人知之作。然而遗憾的是,鲍尔先生很少关注那个最伟大的名字——莎士比亚。学者们普遍认为,莎士比亚的《特洛伊洛斯与克瑞西达》是

这两部作品可以被证明——尽管查普曼的《七卷本》(Seaven Bookes)在印刷出版时

就在该剧可能的创作日期之前——他最好不要触碰这个话题。人们本想知道他对于特洛伊战争传说中这种讽刺且反英雄式的转折有何看法。

这本书的优点中,值得关注的是由作者的妹妹阿米莉亚·鲍尔(Amelia Power)创作的插图。在每章开头的拼贴画风格绘图中,鲍尔女士将与章节主题相关的图像与古典基调以及荷马史诗的希腊语诗句相结合。例如,在介绍济慈的章节中,有一幅图像包含了帕特农神庙的大理石雕塑(这很可能启发了济慈《希腊古瓮颂》(1819)的一部分),以及一个真实的希腊古瓮。鲍尔女士描绘了济慈在阅读一本书,推测是查普曼译的《荷马史诗》;而在这些亲希腊主题的合成图像之上,是一个场景:埃尔南·科尔特斯从“达里恩的一座山峰”凝视太平洋——他在现实生活中从未这样做过,但在济慈十四行诗《初读查普曼译荷马》 (1816) 结尾的类比中确实如此。在那个海洋之上,科尔特斯不知怎么地瞥见了奥德修斯的船——这种时间线的融合,镜像了鲍尔先生那随性且无视年代顺序的散文风格。

“诗歌徘徊,其触手紧抓,”作者在后记中写道。他是在回应迈克尔·朗利(Michael Longley)的一首诗中的意象,而朗利本人则是在回应《奥德赛》中的一个类比:荷马将遭遇海难的奥德修斯被海浪从岩石上撕离,比作一只被从巢穴中撕离且手臂上粘着碎石的章鱼。“诗就像一只章鱼,”鲍尔先生继续写道,“因为它很难将其掌控……但也因为它携带了它所到过所有地方的痕迹。”这个三重类比来自一位对诗歌热爱深沉、且自身似乎也带有诗人气质的学者。愿他能继续写出像这本书一样丰富且引人入胜的其他著作。

HULTON ARCHIVE / GETTY IMAGES

秘密行动 约1930年的上海外滩。雅各布·鲁德尼克(Yakob Rudnik)和塔季扬娜·莫伊森科(Tatyana Moiseenko)将这座国际大都市作为他们的基地。

“一个人拥有的身份越多,这些身份就越能表达出他们所掩盖的那个真实的人。”——约翰·勒卡雷(JOHN LE CARRÉ)

致力于共产国际

上海特工 作者:海瑟·索尔特(Heather Salter) 剑桥大学出版社,364页,$32.95 评论员:莫拉·伊丽莎白·坎宁安(MAURA ELIZABETH CUNNINGHAM)

没有人知道被告的真实姓名。当上海公共租界巡捕房于1931年6月15日因涉嫌共产主义活动逮捕他们时,这对男女自称是比利时人希莱尔·努伦斯(Hilaire Noulens)和玛丽·莫特(Marie Motte)——不,是费尔南(Fernand)和玛丽·范德克鲁森(Marie Vandercruyssen)。在那个夏天的晚些时候,他们告诉英国殖民当局,他们实际上是瑞士人,姓博雷(Beuret)。到了11月,说法再次改变;他们仍然是瑞士人,但现在叫保罗·鲁格(Paul Ruegg)和格特鲁德·鲁格(Gertrud Ruegg)。

没有任何一个身份站得住脚,因为比利时和瑞士当局很快就证明了这对男女关于国籍的说法是伪造的。由于无法获得领事裁判权(extraterritorial。

一对苏联特工在 20 世纪 30 年代的中国定居,以推进共产主义事业。两人在被捕和审判期间始终维持着他们的掩护身份。

由于无法获得中国某些外国居民所享有的治外法权,“鲁格夫妇”被移交给中国国民政府审判,而这次审判有可能导致他们被处决。这对夫妇绝不能承认自己的真实身份:雅各布·鲁德尼克(Yakob Rudnik)和塔季扬娜·莫伊森科(Tatyana Moiseenko),他们是共产国际(Comintern)的苏联潜伏特工。

正如东北大学教授希瑟·索尔特(Heather Salter)在一部引人入胜的历史黑色电影风格著作《上海特工》(The Shanghai Agents)中所揭示的,雅各布和塔季扬娜是“一场巨大的且耗资不菲的苏联阴谋中的核心人物,旨在以上海为基地,在中国及更广泛的地区煽动革命”。这对夫妇被指派到共产国际的远东局,来到上海是为了支持陷入困境的中国共产党。

他们的工作包括向当地的共产主义活动人士亲手递交巨额资金,以及在上海经营十几个安全屋,并监控多个电报地址和邮政信箱。索尔特女士写道,在他们被捕时,“在远东局的整个机构中,没有人比雅各布和塔季扬娜更清楚哪里埋了更多的‘尸体’(秘密)”。如果他们选择向审讯者坦白并描述自己的工作,可能会给亚洲的共产主义事业带来不可挽回的损害。

共产国际的领导人们没有理由担心这对夫妇会崩溃。当时已接近 40 岁的雅各布和塔季扬娜将他们生命的大部分时间用于推广共产主义的传播——首先是在苏联,然后是以潜伏特工的身份驻扎在欧洲各地。即使面临被反共激进分子蒋介石领导的国民政府处死的可能,也没能动摇他们的说辞。他们是瑞士国民。他们是保罗和格特鲁德·鲁格。他们希望被释放,以便回家抚养他们 3 岁的儿子吉米(实际上叫德米特里)。随着 1931 年在漫长的等待中过去,而他们依然被囚禁且未受审判,这对夫妇采取了绝食抗议。

共产国际的宣传机器开始运转。包括阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和 H.G. 威尔斯在内的欧洲和美国的左翼名流支持鲁格夫妇,签署请愿书并组织海外宣传活动,旨在让蒋介石政府因在处理此案时的党派偏见而难堪。这对夫妇最著名的支持者是宋庆龄,她是受美国教育的中华民国创始人孙中山的遗孀。她同时也是蒋介石的妻妹,尽管两人在政治信念上几乎没有共识,但家族关系保护了宋庆龄,使她能够在支持这对夫妇的同时不受影响。

在经历了 1931 年 9 月日本侵占满洲及其引发的政治动荡导致多次延期后,审判终于在 1932, 7 月举行。审理在盛夏时节一个闷热的法庭中进行,程序涉及日复一日的激烈对抗,这对夫妇抓住每一个机会试图激怒主审法官李勉。由于政府极力要求定罪,这对夫妇毫不怀疑李法官会做出定罪判决。索尔特女士解释了鲁格夫妇的策略:他们认为,如果不能获得自由,他们就要“通过引起人们对法院处理此案不当的关注,让法院难堪”。

正如预期的那样,法院在1932年8月对鲁格夫妇作出了有罪判决,不过为了照顾国际舆论,法院将死刑降格为终身监禁。两人一直被囚禁到1937年8月,当时日本对中国的战争促使蒋介石与苏联签署了一项条约。尽管鲁格夫妇从未承认自己的真实国籍,但国民政府仍将他们释放,以此作为中苏友好关系的姿态。他们最终回到了莫斯科,并在1944年与当时已成青少年的儿子团聚。他们对共产主义的忠诚依然坚定不移,两人随后都在苏联政府工作——不过是从事枯燥的文职工作,而非秘密行动——并在1964年相隔一个月相继去世。

直到1990年,在迪米特里向一名瑞士记者透露他们的真实身份之前,外界仍然将雅科布·鲁德尼克和塔季亚娜·莫伊森科视为保罗和格特鲁德·鲁格。

萨尔特女士的书提供了一个深刻的个人案例研究,揭示了二战前在亚洲活动的、与苏联结盟的当地反殖民共产主义者的广泛地下网络。萨尔特女士估计,共产国际每年在亚洲活动上的支出,按今天的货币计算,在$13.200 万到$15.600 万之间,其中60%以上的资金直接流向了中国共产党。萨尔特女士认为,如果不是因为共产国际在这一时期提供的资金和后勤支持,中国共产党可能无法生存足够长的时间,从而在1949年赢得对国家的控制权。雅科布·鲁德尼克和塔季亚娜·莫伊森科被捕,实际上宣告了远东局在中国活动的终结,但在那之前,他们及其同事已经帮助中国共产党度过了最黑暗的一些日子。

坎宁安女士是一位现代中国历史学家,现居密歇根州安娜堡。

纽约的意大利纽带

西西里之魂 (Ghosts of Sicily)

作者:马克·哈蒙 (Mark Harmon) 与 小里昂·卡罗尔 (Leon Carroll Jr.)

Harper Select 出版,304 页,$29.99

1942 年初,随着美国参与第二次世界大战的势头增强,美国执法人员担心在纽约市码头工作的一些德国人正向潜伏在近海、瞄准盟军船队的 U 型潜艇传递信息。于是,执法人员向管理曼哈顿富尔顿鱼市场的黑手党成员乔伊·“袜子”·兰扎 (Joey "Socks" Lanza) 寻求情报。

纽约地下世界的成员们非常乐意提供帮助,且这种协作被证明是成功的。所谓“国家委员会”(三州地区黑手党的一种管理委员会)的代理头目弗兰克·科斯特洛 (Frank Costello) 甚至传达了委员会领导者查尔斯·“幸运”·卢西亚诺 (Charles “Lucky” Luciano) 的信息,后者当时在狱中:“听乔·兰扎的,与海军合作。”

正如马克·哈蒙和小里昂·卡罗尔在《西西里之魂》中告诉我们的,很快,普通的西西里人就开始向位于曼哈顿下城的海军情报办公室提供各种信息。另一名臭名昭著的黑帮分子迈耶·兰斯基 (Meyer Lansky) 后来作证道:“海军希望意大利人能提供所有能弄到的关于西西里每个港口、每条水道的照片。”当时,一项大规模的盟军入侵计划正在筹备中。

西西里人还向特工提供了盟军在西西里可以信任的人员名单。这在 1943 年 7 月证明至关重要,当时盟军发起了对西西里的进攻,最初在主要登陆滩头盖拉 (Gela) 被纳粹炮火阻截。当地人引导盟军转向附近的利卡塔 (Licata),并告知他们关于“海滩地雷区、海况以及港口设施中的诡雷”的情况。

尽管黑帮分子在战争工作中提供了巨大帮助,但他们也无法克制自己的贪欲。一旦盟军牢牢控制意大利,维托·热诺维斯 (Vito Genovese) 在担任占领军助手兼翻译的同时(他当时也是美国司法机关的在逃犯),在拿波里及其周边地区经营起一个利润丰厚的黑市,交易物资包括食品、燃料、车辆以及盟军进口的任何其他物品。

作者告诉我们,由于涉及的人物身份不光彩,“地下世界行动” (Operation Underworld) 在战后十年才被承认——而且也只是默认承认。尽管如此,1954 年成立的旨在调查利用有组织犯罪在欧洲作战的赫兰兹委员会 (Herlands Commission) 得出结论:“鉴于当时存在的国家紧急状态……该项目的价值毋庸置疑。”

快捷指南:军事历史 作者:马克·约斯特 (MARK YOST)

零时:1943 年 7 月盟军入侵西西里的开始。

进入战争的熔炉

旧兵之末 作者:斯科特·戴维斯 (Scott Davis) 圣马丁出版社,336页,$30

“本书并非旨在成为太平洋战区的全面记录,也不是一部宏大的军事战略巨著,亦非对班组级战术的深入研究,”斯科特·戴维斯写道,“这是一个关于记忆的故事。”

在《旧兵之末》(The Last of the Old Breed)一书中,历史学家兼记者、热门YouTube频道“越南体验”(The Vietnam Experience)的运营者戴维斯先生采访了二战时期的海军陆战队员,收集了他们关于参军原因以及初次接触战斗经历的回忆,且大部分内容未经编辑。这些记忆值得我们关注。

1941年12月7日日本袭击珍珠港时,雷蒙德·刘易斯(Raymond Lewis)还在密西西比州克拉克斯代尔读九年级。“我的家庭生活并不怎么令我自豪,”刘易斯先生告诉作者,“我父亲是个酗酒者。于是,我让我母亲和他签署了文件,证明我已经十七岁,然后我加入了海军陆战队。”

罗伯特·布鲁蒂内尔(Robert Brutinel)在接受采访时已100岁,他当时也因参军问题与父母发生争执。“看在上帝的份上!快签了那个东西!”他回忆起父亲对他母亲大吼道,“我厌倦了听你们两个整天吵架!”

当日本人袭击时,雷·加兰德(Ray Garland)已经在停泊在珍珠港“战列舰排”的田纳西号(USS Tennessee)上。“我恰好回头看了一眼,看到那些飞机俯冲而下。负责的下士说:‘转身,加兰德二等兵,’因为他们正准备升旗。就在那时,一架日本‘九九式’俯冲轰炸机在福特岛投下炸弹,然后沿着‘战列舰排’俯冲而下。后方机枪手在飞过时一直在射击。他离我足够近,以至于我能看到他的护目镜。”

埃尔本·库珀(Elburn Cooper)因为数学不好被陆军和海军拒绝了。“然后我去了海军陆战队——砰!我想,他们当时只要炮灰。”

第四突击队营的弗兰克·赖特(Frank Wright)曾在新乔治亚岛作战。“保罗·雷德蒙(Paul Redmond)牧师会在死者之间走动,为他们诵读临终祈祷,”赖特先生回忆道,“医护兵也会在伤员之间走动进行检查。如果确认死亡,他们会给死者挂上标签。那很糟糕。你会感到幸运,但同时又很恐惧。尤其是当你看到一个刚才还和你说话的人被挂上标签时。但我们渐渐习惯了。你会想,感谢上帝我没被挂标签。对于一个年轻孩子来说,这并不容易。”

约斯特先生为《期刊》撰写军事历史文章。

“我建立了一座比青铜更永恒的丰碑。” ——贺拉斯

重建:罗马万神殿。原神庙由阿格里帕建造,铭文大致翻译为:路奇乌斯之子马库斯·阿格里帕在第三次担任执政官期间建造此殿。

帝国缔造者

阿格里帕

《阿格里帕》 作者:罗伯特·哈里斯 (Robert Harris) 多布尔戴出版社,384页,$32 评论员:迈克尔·F·比肖普 (MICHAEL F. BISHOP)

在拿波里湾的一栋别墅里,一位年仅50岁、生命垂危的将军兼政治家,开始在所剩无几的时光中记录他那波澜壮阔的一生。他承诺将忠实地讲述自己的故事;正如他所观察到的,“一部不诚实的回忆录就像一本没有读者的书一样毫无意义。”

那是公元前12年,这位回忆录的作者是马库斯·维普萨尼乌斯·阿格里帕。尽管出身卑微且不被看好(“我出生时是脚先出来的——一种危险的降临方式”),但他却是后来成为罗马第一任皇帝奥古斯都的亲密好友和信任的副手。与这位权势显赫的同胞一起,阿格里帕见证并协助促成了罗马共和国的毁灭。

罗伯特·哈里斯利用这部虚构的回忆录,将阿格里帕与奥古斯都之间长久的关系戏剧化。在哈里斯先生的叙述中,在奥古斯都统治地球上广袤的土地之前,他曾是一个名叫屋大维的病弱男孩,经常被同学欺负,直到强壮得多的阿格里帕成为了他的保护者。这让阿格里帕赢得了其朋友的叔祖父——高卢征服者、罗马独裁官尤利乌斯·凯撒的感激。在如此高层的庇护下,这两个年轻人似乎拥有光明的未来。然而,一群嫉妒凯撒权力且担忧共和国的元老院阴谋家,在公元前44年的三月十五日将其刺杀。

小说叙述道,屋大维和阿格里帕对此感到崩溃,但他们随后得知了更令人震惊的消息。凯撒在遗嘱中宣布,屋大维(此后称为屋大维 Octavian)为他的养子和继承人。尽管尚未满20岁,屋大维已成为世界上最有权势的人之一。他毫不犹豫地向阿格里帕等人宣布,人们应当称呼他为凯撒,即便他的权力还远非绝对。阿格里帕讲述道,由于当时他依然虚弱多病,一名竞争对手将他蔑称为“一个躲在大名之下的单薄碎片”。

罗伯特·哈里斯的小说通过那位助力罗马共和国覆灭的将军之眼,讲述了共和国的陨落。

哈里斯先生的第一部小说《祖国》(Fatherland,1992年)是一部令人不安且具有说服力的犯罪程序剧,描绘了一个希特勒在第二次世界大战中获胜的世界。此后,他的许多小说都为历史事件(包括第一次世界大战和德雷福斯事件)披上了虚构的外衣。权力与政治是所有这些作品的主导主题,而在本作中,哈里斯先生精湛地刻画了凯撒和阿格里帕所采取的政治与军事手段。

前者被迫与马克·安东尼和雷必达共同组成三头政治进行统治。三人均决心推翻对方并巩固权力。但新晋的凯撒拥有一个重要的盟友,那就是他的老友阿格里帕——一位天生的战略家和领袖。他们迅速除掉了雷必达,并准备与安东尼进行最终决战。阿格里帕在陆地上是一名卓越的战士,在海上同样强大。他监督了一支强大海军的快速建设,并在公元前31年的亚克兴海战中,对抗安东尼与埃及女王克利奥帕特拉的联军。坦率且务实、不喜夸大的阿格里帕认为,那是“决定世界命运的一天”。

《阿格里帕》是哈里斯先生第五次涉足古代世界,他的作品还包括关于西塞罗的三部曲,以及一部设定在公元79年毁灭前夕的庞贝古城惊悚小说。他的罗马系列小说毫不掩饰地展现了那个遥远时代的诡谲与残酷。哈里斯先生富有想象力地还原了阿格里帕的心境,而这个人物的内心世界一直是个谜。正如作者在后记中所述:“阿格里帕没有留下任何演说词,书信寥寥,直接引语也仅有寥寥数句。”

亚克兴海战构成了这部惊险小说中最令人兴奋的场景,读者与阿格里帕一同对他友人的胜利感到震惊:“凯撒在去世时与亚历山大大帝同岁。但他的领土要广阔得多,而且他比亚历山大更有优势,因为他依然活在世上。”

在哈里斯先生细腻的刻画中,凯撒对他必须依赖阿格里帕的军事才干感到不满,而阿格里帕很快也对自己的从属地位感到厌烦。凯撒命令他的朋友为了满足王朝的紧迫需求而结婚和离婚,并在对自己有利时强行收养阿格里帕的孩子。但出于忠诚以及同样程度的自我保护,阿格里帕始终保持顺从。一个家族秘密使得他保持沉默变得更加紧迫。

尽管在军事上取得了巨大成功,但阿格里帕厌倦了战争,渴望追求更和平的事业。事实证明,他在建设方面的能力与破坏能力一样强,他监督了包括下水道、引水渠以及罗马最初的万神殿在内的大型公共工程。直到最后,他才极其不情愿地离开建筑工地,去平定又一场省级的叛乱。

凯撒表面上蔑视高官,但在公元前27年,他操纵元老院授予他——正如阿格里帕所述——“奥古斯都这一尊贵的荣誉称号,意为‘至尊者’,接近但尚未达到神格”。共和国不复存在,罗马帝国开始了。奥古斯都一直统治到公元14年自然死亡,享年75岁。

《阿格里帕》是一次快节奏的历险,穿越了罗马历史上几个关键的十年,赋予了一个在共和国末期故事中扮演核心角色的人物以生命。正如阿格里帕所观察到的,政治或许是“一桩肮脏的生意”,但在哈里斯先生笔下,它是一场具有无穷趣味的戏剧。

比肖普先生是一位作家兼历史学家,曾任国际丘吉尔学会和亚伯拉罕·林肯两百周年纪念委员会执行主任。

80年代牙买加后街之恋

小说 / 萨姆·萨克斯 (SAM SACKS)

一群男同性恋者在牙买加组建了一个剧团。随后,戏剧冲突与暴力接踵而至。

在马龙·詹姆斯 (Marlon James) 的《失踪者》(The Disappearers, Riverhead出版社, 640页, $32) 所激发的强烈感受中,最深刻的一点是对80年代流行文化的怀旧。小说叙述者之一埃德蒙·“埃迪”·波特斯 (Edmond "Eddy" Porteous) 是1988年牙买加金斯敦的一名18岁男同性恋者,像许多具有艺术气息的年轻人一样,他通过听的音乐来表达个性。埃迪非常痴迷布鲁斯·斯普林斯汀 (Bruce Springsteen)——他的音乐以及他那件紧身蓝色牛仔裤。他热爱 Depeche Mode、INXS 和彼得·盖布瑞尔 (Peter Gabriel),并且对他妹妹的黛比·吉布森 (Debbie Gibson) 磁带情有独钟。他最喜欢的音乐家是普林斯 (Prince),但书开头时,他因为太害怕而不敢购买这位艺术家的最新专辑《Lovesexy》。普林斯在封面上全裸出镜,埃迪坚信,只要在公共场合被看到持有这张唱片,就等同于公开了自己的性取向。

正如詹姆斯先生所展示的,在牙买加,音乐绝不仅仅是音乐。作者2014年的小说《七次谋杀简史》(A Brief History of Seven Killings) 是一部咆哮且极具暴力的力作,围绕着1976年针对鲍勃·马利 (Bob Marley) 的真实暗杀企图展开。在《失踪者》中,艾滋病危机高峰期笼罩该国的恐慌被雷鬼歌手们煽动,他们那些宣扬谋杀男同性恋者的歌曲成了夜店的热门金曲。这部小说讲述了一个愤怒且时而挣扎的故事,讲述了在这一波反同仇恨狂热中受害的男性。

詹姆斯先生的主角们是响应了一张招募当地戏剧演出试镜传单的男性。他们原以为这次试镜通知是男同性恋者用来组织聚会的某种秘密代码,但这一次,确实有一出戏要演。一位受过英国教育、举止庄重的导演哈夫洛克·泰特斯 (Havelock Titus) 想要导演约翰·赫伯特 (John Herbert) 的《财富与男人的眼睛》(Fortune and Men's Eyes),这是一部关于监狱中性暴力的残酷的1967年作品。正如哈夫洛克所解释的,“那不敢直呼其名的爱,在铁窗之后大声地诉说着。”

书的第一部分通过埃迪的日记条目展开,他描述了充满争议的排练过程,这些排练将一群来自金斯敦、年龄、阶级和性坦诚程度各异的深柜者聚集在一起。詹姆斯先生捕捉到了演员们在一种被他描绘为日益失控的牙买加环境中所表现出的那种处于围攻之中的反抗感。文学系学生埃迪写到,他的大学同学用学校宿舍的床垫点燃篝火,试图烧掉导致艾滋病的病毒痕迹。当一群由警察和一名知名雷鬼歌手领导的暴徒袭击排练现场时,暴力最终与剧团发生了碰撞,导致一人死亡,多人受伤。

《失踪者》在袭击后的苦涩余波中继续推进,时间跨入20世纪90年代和21世纪初。这些页面的大部分内容是以埃迪的剧组成员乔丹·布朗 (Jordan Brown) 的口吻写成的,他正在进行一次漫长且毫无掩饰的采访

本周

《失踪者》(The Disappearers)

作者:马龙·詹姆斯 (Marlon James)

……向一名来自《Out》杂志的记者讲述。埃迪(Eddy)出身中产阶级,被家人默许接受,而乔丹(Jordan)则被赶出家门,在车里生活了数年。在被暴徒袭击受伤后,他娶了一名女子,被允许回到家族的殡葬生意中。他重新与埃迪取得联系,两人试图寻找那些在袭击后似乎消失了的同伴。然而,乔丹内心真正挥之不去的目标,是对那些将暴力施加在他身上的人实施报复。

詹姆斯先生正是通过这个精通街头生存的角色,探索了金斯顿(Kingston)由出卖色相和粗犷交易构成的同性恋地下世界。“你得意识到,在这个牙买加之下,还存在着另一个牙买加,”书的前半部分,乔丹告诉埃迪。在对那些在阴影中偷来的秘密亲密关系的描写中,几乎没有任何救赎之意。性被羞耻、不信任和剥削所标记。小说暗示,社会的仇恨滋生了毁灭性的自我厌恶。

这种毫不掩饰的原始且粗俗的愿景,被文字的能量,尤其是其中融入的牙买加俚语所激活。詹姆斯先生并非简单地复制这座岛屿独特的土语(patois),而是利用它来创造一种具有摩擦感的听觉节奏。他还懂得将高低语域混合在一起的幽默感。埃迪的日记中充满了我觉得此前从未被付诸印刷的句子:“我简直bombo-raas-claat地无聊,以至于我拿起了一本关于形而上学诗人的书。”

然而,如果没有一个成熟的故事来赋予目的,即使是这种语言上的烟花表演也会变得重复。埃迪的部分是小说中最出色的——角色丰富,场景生动,捕捉到了金斯顿的光明与黑暗。当书中的视角转向乔丹时,它陷入了愤怒和执念之中。哈夫洛克(Havelock)在袭击多年后再次遇到乔丹,发现自己陷入了一场如消防栓喷水般猛烈的谩骂之中。“我来这里不是为了当你的证人或忏悔师,”哈夫洛克抱怨道。但乔丹的大部分叙述读起来正是如此:一种受创后的证词、痛苦的忏悔和愤怒的檄文的混合体。

《失踪者》是詹姆斯先生一部出人意料的作品,他之前的两部小说是他“暗星三部曲”(Dark Star Trilogy)的前两部,那是一个设定在殖民前非洲的、极其狂野且具有神话色彩的奇幻史诗。詹姆斯先生中断该系列来写这本书,表明这些素材具有某种情感上的紧迫性,这或许解释了为什么文字显得如此绝望且紊乱——以及为什么那个我认为旨在代表事件惊人高潮的结局,看起来仅仅像是强行拼接上去的。

然而,无论小说中的痛苦和绝望多么难以忍受,它们都会在记忆中留下印记。有一个场景,乔丹和埃迪寻找一名失踪的剧本好友,并见到了他的姐姐。她并不恨同性恋者,但她也不理解他们。她问,如果他们不能拥有家庭、安全感或自由相爱的可能性,那么他们拥有什么?“生存,”乔丹回答道,“我们拥有生存。”

ADAM BRICE / SHUTTERSTOCK

“你是一条蛇;否认也没有用。”——刘易斯·卡罗尔 (LEWIS CARROLL)

凡胎肉身 (MORTAL COIL):一条位于澳大利亚皮尔巴拉(Pilbara)地区的死亡蛇。

蛇形丑闻

《蛇人》(Snake Men)

作者:扎克·圣乔治(Zach St. George)

诺顿出版社,272页,$29.99

作者:布兰迪·希拉塞(BRANDY SCHILLACE)

卖蛇油的骗子、爬行动物走私者、不明飞行物以及罗宾汉:这些全部包含在扎克·圣乔治对那些改变了地球生物命名方式的古怪澳大利亚男性的叙述中。谈到驯蛇师,你必须准备好迎接那些难以掌控的离奇故事。《蛇人》以令人愉悦的幽默感和洞察力,带领读者踏上一场关于不协调之物的旅程:业余科学家、职业上的不快,以及人类想要为任何地方的所有事物命名的贪婪驱动力。

命名的科学术语是“分类学”。在1700年代,瑞典植物学家卡尔·林奈(Carl Linnaeus)着手设计一套通过两部分系统来排列物种的方案,该系统沿用至今。每种生物都有一个属名(代表其物种所属的属)和一个用于识别物种的种名。两者均遵循拉丁语语法形式。到1778年,林奈已经为12,000种动物和植物命名,但这在地球数百万个物种中仅占极小的一部分。究竟是多少百万个,本身就是一个猜测:可能少至800万,或多至60亿。基于后一个数字以及物种被发现的历史速率,圣乔治先生估计,要为所有物种命名,“我们将需要大约350,000年”。

命名的冲动不仅仅是为了组织和保存。获得为物种命名的机会,为命名者带来了一种奇特的永恒感:他们的名字可能会永远地与这些动物联系在一起,紧跟在属名和种名之后。有时,这个名字可以用来纪念他人。1998年,本书中同名“蛇人”之一的雷蒙德·霍瑟(Raymond Hoser)将一种皮尔巴拉死亡之吻(Pilbara death adder)以爬行动物学(研究爬行动物的科学)大师理查德·威尔斯(Richard Wells)的名字命名:Acanthophis wellsi Hoser,通过命名实现了永恒。

威尔斯先生在1980年代初首次颠覆了分类学领域,当时他与澳大利亚博物馆以及当时的爬行动物学策展人哈尔·科格(Hal Cogger)发生了冲突。科格先生出版了他的《澳大利亚动物目录》卷册,旨在包含该大陆上所有已描述的物种。威尔斯先生及其同事罗斯·惠灵顿(Ross Wellington)对其方法感到愤怒。他们声称该著作将几种蛇类在同义词中合并了,这意味着不同类型的生物被视为同一种。威尔斯先生和惠灵顿先生担心这会使获得物种保护变得更加困难,从而使蛇类及其栖息地陷入风险。

据圣乔治先生称,这两个人连续80个小时闭门不出,在“打印纸上、纸巾上、卫生纸上”写作。他们创作了一部自己的巨著,命名了新物种并恢复了那些被删除的物种。科格先生花十年时间写了他的书;而这对搭档在几天之内就完成了回应,一直工作到惠灵顿先生昏倒在地上。威尔斯先生则继续推进,处于一种奇特的“心流”状态,圣乔治先生说,威尔斯将其归功于外星人的干预,这是此前与天空中一道神秘光线接触的结果。作者回忆起他与这位爬行动物学家的采访:尽管这个说法不符合现实,但作者写道,“威尔斯告诉我的一切都完全合情合理”。威尔斯先生“也许是我见过的最聪明、最有魅力的人”。

[...OMITTED...]

韦尔斯先生和惠灵顿先生有着原则性的目标,且两人都是受人尊敬的爬行动物学家(尽管该领域有相关偏好,但这一角色并不要求拥有高级学位)。然而,他们的研究方法相当古怪。韦尔斯先生没有通过常规的出版渠道发表成果,而是在自己编辑的一本期刊上分期刊登,跳过了常规的审核程序,引发了业内其他人士对其涉嫌自我交易的抱怨。文中还嘲讽了学术话语的刻板:他们将一个新物种以达斯·维达命名;另一个石龙子被他们称为“色欲之神”(Libernascincus)。还有一种爬行动物被标注为“释放报应正义女神”(Solvonemesis)。

圣乔治先生指出,分类学家经常使用古怪的名称。他列举了一类被命名为 Eucosoma bobana 的蛾类,随后是 E. cocana、E. dodana、E. fofana 等等,像唱童谣一样延续了 23 个变体。有些物种是以前配偶、排泄物、文字游戏或双关语命名的。许多人为了好玩而重复使用粗俗词汇。

“生物分类学的重要性与其荒诞程度之比,”圣乔治先生写道,“在任何其他科学分支中都找不到匹配项。”韦尔斯先生和惠灵顿先生表示,他们希望没有人将这些奇异的名称视为“分类学破坏行为”。但他们确实引发了某种趋势:雷蒙德·霍瑟的职业生涯便是在韦尔斯与惠灵顿的争议中开启的。

澳大利亚新南威尔士州在 1974 年通过了其《国家公园与野生动物法》。在该法律的限制下,韦尔斯先生被迫将他的爬行动物收藏移交给一所大学,但年轻的霍瑟先生拒绝遵守他认为不公正的法律。根据他提供的证据,他的爬行动物收藏在 14 岁时首次遭到搜查。到 20 岁时,他已经

在生物学领域,谁有权为新发现的物种命名,仍是一个尚未解决的问题。

曾因无证饲养蛇类而被起诉,到 1984 年,在警方没收了 50 条活蛇和数百件冷冻标本后,他赢得了“雷德芬蛇人”的称号。为了逃避他认为的迫害,霍塞先生搬到了墨尔本,开出租车,并写了几本书,在书中他声称澳大利亚当局没收蛇类是为了进行走私。

到 1998 年,霍塞先生依然渴望确立自己的科学资历。但当他宣布 Acanthophis wellsi Hoser(霍塞命名的一种拟眼镜蛇)时,这成为了他命名的第一个物种,并引发了一场争议。这个生物实际上早在 1992 年就被西澳大利亚博物馆的一位专业爬行动物学家拍到了照片,该专家本打算最终对该物种进行描述。霍塞先生抢先一步,这导致被抢先的专业人士写了一篇文章,抱怨业余爬行动物学家在走捷径。霍塞先生当时已经在就饲养爬行动物的许可证与政府当局作斗争;现在,科学界也对他表示了排斥。

霍塞先生自诩为法外之徒,随后开始为蛇类和业余科学家的权利而战,成为了圣乔治先生所称的有史以来“最高产”的分类学家之一。像之前的威尔斯先生一样,霍塞先生创办了一本期刊,并开始发表新的分类描述。很快,名称大量增加——尽管这些描述遵循国际动物命名法典的规则,但专业人士认为这些描述缺乏说服力,有时甚至是错误的。霍塞先生将这种攻击视为“一场阴险的报复故事”。

然而,当名称过多,或者同一个物种被命名两次时会发生什么?科学家必须认真对待新条目,通过调查来确定其是否成立。霍塞先生“带着反叛精神”,使这一系统不堪重负,有时甚至通过二手资料描述新物种,从他人发表的论文中提取描述。此案最终提交至国际动物命名委员会,而“分类学的不稳定性”则悬而未决。

作为一名社交活跃、狂野的内陆叛逆者,霍塞先生命名了 1,000 多个新物种和另外 1,000 个属——这意味着在过去 270 年里,每 10 个赋予爬行动物的科学名称中,就有 1 个是由他赋予的。他的批评者称他颠覆了分类学的基础;他的盟友则称他是为了保护自然而工作。圣乔治先生告诉我们,“来自全球的焦虑”导致人们对他作品的抵制。然而,霍塞先生在 2000 年之前赋予的那些较早、不那么花哨的名称可能会被保留。正如那位爬行动物学家所言:“他们永远无法从我这里夺走那些。”

蛇是我们共同历史的一部分;我们恐惧它们,热爱它们,也经常对它们感到困惑。但归根结底,“蛇人”与这些灵活的生物关系不大,而与那些执意于命名的人类关系更大。圣乔治先生不仅仅是在讲述他们的故事。他追踪他们,与他们同行,描绘他们所有不寻常的特质。像威尔斯先生和霍塞先生这样的人将自己视为强盗英雄,是重新分配科学命名财富的罗宾汉。在尘土飞扬的道路上颠簸,在处理蛇类的聚会上表演,将房主从毒蛇中解救,将数以千计的生物从无名的默默无闻中拯救出来,这些蛇人唤起了我们每个人内心深处的叛逆精神。

希拉塞女士是 Peculiar Book Club 播客的主持人,以及《中间人》(The Intermediaries)一书的作者。

末世的童年回忆

《趁光还在》(Light While There Is Light) 作者:基思·沃尔德罗普(Keith Waldrop) NYRB Classics 出版,216 页,$16.95

作者:卢克·莱曼(LUKE LYMAN)

就像《创世记》一样,基思·沃尔德罗普的《趁光还在》讲述了一个关系并不和谐的家庭史。这部充满力量的回忆录记录了沃尔德罗普一家在被“圣灵”灼烧的美国心脏地带进行的朝圣之旅。无论这个家庭的成员走到哪里,他们都在等待弥赛亚,或者至少是等一点现金。

沃尔德罗普(1932-2023)后来成为了布朗大学的文学教授,并创作了许多感人至深且细致入微的诗歌。作为这个杂乱家庭中最小的儿子,他在 1993 年写下了这部回忆录,审视其家族在 20 世纪的历史。这本薄薄的书探讨了美国神秘主义以及一个崩塌的道德框架,讲述了他的家族如何在堪萨斯州、南卡罗来纳州、伊利诺伊州及其他地方之间曲折穿行。他那带有恐怖与幽默色彩的质朴语言,让人想起弗兰纳里·奥康纳(Flannery O'Connor)和艾米莉·狄金森(Emily Dickinson)。像这两位女士一样,他擅长同时传达甜蜜与突如其来的暴力。

故事从沃尔德罗普的母亲开始。欧珀尔(Opal)像她的名字一样美丽,她是个聪明的女人,但无事可做,且找不到能与她旗鼓相当的男人。在经历了两次令人屈辱的离婚后,欧珀尔将拯救她那些笨拙的孩子视为首要任务。于是,他们的宗教奥德赛开始了。“这个旧世界将会摇晃颠簸,”她警告一个抽雪茄的儿子,“而且时间不多了。”

在审判日到来之前,一连串的传教士试图提供救赎,但均告失败。哈切尔(Hatchel)传教士尽了最大努力,但他太专注于自己的秘密计划——在圣经学院地下囤积防毒面具和极地内衣。巴姆(Bamm)传教士则忙于将他女儿的虚荣之物扔到院子里。与 J.W. 相比,这两个人都显得不够热忱。J.W. 是一个“巨大的、像气球一样”的驱魔师,他拿着一把散弹枪,以“耶稣神圣之名”在阿巴拉契亚山脉四处驱魔。

对于沃尔德罗普的异母兄弟查尔斯(Charles)和朱利安(Julian)来说,那些布道从未真正进入他们的内心。长子查尔斯热爱他的鲁格手枪,无法维持一份工作,也管不住他的第二任妻子——在他母亲看来,那女人是个女巫。朱利安因为无聊而加入了空军,又因为同样的原因而逃兵。他也娶了一个女巫。两兄弟都容易被通灵板控制。闲暇时间被关于“古老反基督”以及 UFO 的宗教含义的讨论所填满。

圣徒也出现在沃尔德罗普的世界里。约德尔小姐(Miss Yodle)是这个家庭古板的邻居,她的头发被梳成“紧紧的小辫子,缠绕在头骨周围,让她的头看起来像个受害者”。她的便桶在后院的户外厕所里。有一天,查尔斯把这个棚屋改造成了射击靶。一名路人翻过篱笆,咧嘴大笑地问:“她在里面吗?”约德尔小姐很少抱怨。男孩们嘲笑她的不幸,但当她后来出现在沃尔德罗普家中请求原谅时,笑容变成了羞愧。她的罪名是什么?她说,她“对我们产生了邪念”。于是,这个家庭通过在她公寓上方的裂缝中打碎鸡蛋来报复她。

换句话说,沃尔德罗普的家人真是个奇葩群体。但尽管亲人们有缺陷——并且将负担强加在他身上——沃尔德罗普拒绝谴责他们。他那令人费解的克制之源,成了每一页中隐藏的谜团。对于这些人来说,20 世纪的进步感觉更像是退步,而且无疑是道德混乱的根源。“堕落”与其说是一次性事件,不如说是一个永恒的过程。欧珀尔对“所有这些公路和现代便利设施……难道我们看不到周围到处都是罪恶吗?”表达了恐惧。

[...OMITTED...]

沃尔德罗普则不然。在《趁有光时行走》(Light While There Is Light)的世界里,父亲抛弃儿子,儿子抢劫母亲,母亲破坏儿子的生活,儿子祈祷父亲早日离世,诸如此类。最阴暗的莫过于一种根深蒂固的对死亡的渴望。他的母亲渴望死亡;他青少年时期的心上人深受疾病折磨,欣然接受死亡;他的兄弟则对死亡听之任之。弗里德里希·尼采——那位古老的“反基督者”——谴责基督教是“对生命的厌恶与反感的化身,只不过伪装成了”对更好来世的希望。在最糟糕的时刻,沃尔德罗普的邻居们证明了尼采是对的。

但任何人都不应因其最糟糕的时刻而被评判。沃尔德罗普自己的信念则更为微妙。他的书名借用了基督的话。在预言自己即将死亡时,基督告诉他的追随者:“趁你们有光的时候行走。”沃尔德罗普似乎在暗示,上帝之子的某些信徒可能混淆了原意,但那个人(基督)的想法是正确的。“至于死亡,”作者在他最明亮的一首诗中写道,“此刻我认为它被奇怪地高估了。”

莱曼先生是《纽约邮报》的副编辑。

沃尔德罗普的异母兄弟朱利安。一家名为“二手车天堂”的汽车销售场曾是家族企业。

“你对罗马的爱是逐渐产生的,一点一点地,然后持续一生。”——尼古拉·果戈里

一个俄罗斯人的文艺复兴

《意大利唤起》(Evocations of Italy) 作者:帕维尔·帕夫洛维奇·穆拉托夫(Pavel Pavlovich Muratov) 西北大学出版社,912页,$140

作者:安娜·西尔雅克(ANA SILJAK)

最令人忧郁的文化史之一,便是那场短暂的俄罗斯文艺复兴。这场运动始于大约 1890, 旨在一个被工业和技术变得荒芜的世界中,实现人文主义的复兴与文化的再生。后来,这场运动被命名为俄罗斯白银时代,参与者将其称为“我们的文艺复兴”。可惜,在短短 30 年后,布尔什维克就在摇篮中扼杀了这个初生的文艺复兴。如果这场运动能够延续,结果会如何?

那些将自己的运动命名为“俄罗斯文艺复兴”的作家和艺术家,是在意大利的魔力影响下如此做的。几乎每一位 1917 年之前的俄罗斯艺术家和知识分子,无论财力如何,都会前往桑德罗·波提切利和但丁·阿利吉耶里的故乡进行一次“壮游”。鼓励他们这样做的是俄罗斯艺术史学家、多产的散文家帕维尔·帕夫洛维奇·穆拉托夫。《意大利唤起》(1911-16),是他创作的一套精美的三卷本指南,涵盖了意大利的艺术、历史和地理,成为了俄罗斯表达对意大利文艺复兴之爱最雄辩的作品。

穆拉托夫的青年时代没有任何迹象预示他对艺术的热情。他出生于 1881, 是一名军医之子。他被送入军事学院,并参加了 1904-05. 年的日俄战争。不久之后,他离开军队,去追求他真正的热爱——意大利文化。到 1908 年,他结识并娶了俄意混血舞者叶夫根尼娅·帕加努齐(Evgenia Paganuzzi),并与她一起开始了首次意大利城市之旅。于是,在《意大利唤起》中所描绘的旅程就此展开。

吉迪恩·博斯克(GIDEON BOSKER)

穆拉托夫跨越了千里的道路和数百年的文化。构成《意大利唤起》的三卷本极其难以分类。它们既是回忆录,又是指南,同时也是艺术论文。穆拉托夫阅读了在他之前进行意大利壮游的人的作品:约翰·沃尔夫冈·冯·歌德、沃尔特·佩特、弗农·李。《意大利唤起》在一定程度上是对他们所有人的致敬。

关于国际象棋,你绘制了一条直角路线。”这是对穆拉托夫写作风格的恰当描述。他简要评论了乔瓦尼·贝利尼和丁托列托的作品,但随后停下来详细研究 18 世纪艺术家皮埃特罗·隆希的作品。在隆希的画作中,穆拉托夫被威尼斯的面具文化所吸引:这是这座城市“阴郁的富丽堂皇”的一种表达。戴面具的威尼斯人就像“奇异而阴森的夜鸟”,穆拉托夫推测,其中偶尔还包括寻求享乐的修女。

佛罗伦萨及其周边地区深深打动了穆拉托夫,尤其是因为这个地区(1485),穆拉托夫称其为“地球上最美丽的画作”。穆拉托夫对但丁表达了类似的敬意,要求我们攀登通往圣米尼亚托圣殿的陡峭佛罗伦萨阶梯,从那里我们可以凝视这座但丁曾“押上他严厉而温柔的灵魂”的城市。

这些卷册并不全是艺术和文化——穆拉托夫愉快地加入了关于 18 世纪放荡者贾科莫·卡萨诺瓦以及知名度较低但同样卓越的克里斯蒂娜·亚历山德拉的生平与冒险的冗长离题之作,后者是 17 世纪中期放弃王位以寻求感官生活的瑞典女王。

围绕着一个曾经一定是异教祭坛的地方。他邀请读者在他身边躺在地上:“躺在神圣森林的阴影中,你开始注意到土壤、新萌的草、常绿植物的淡淡气味……自然充满了对春天的期待……然而,一种突然的悲伤袭来。为什么这一刻不能永远持续下去?”

莉娜·伦切克(Lena Lenček)将《唤起》翻译成英文的版本无懈可击,印刷文本的厚纸具有奢华的质感。唯一美中不足的选择是艺术原作的复制品—。

读者跟随穆拉托夫一起探索意大利大大小小城市中的博物馆、礼拜堂、广场和通道。每一处描述都富有诗意。他告诉我们,在威尼斯的街道“迷宫”中漫步需要耐心:“像国际象棋中的‘马’那样行进,最能体现15世纪的文艺复兴,或称 Quattrocento(15世纪艺术)”,他在其中感受到了“一颗跳动着纯净而高贵血液的伟大心脏的脉动”。这一时期的巅峰是波提切利的艺术,这位人文主义画家令人心碎地描绘了一个“失落”的天堂,并提出了一种“新的人类,注定生活在冷漠的天空之下,生活在散落着破碎信仰碎片的一片荒芜的大地上”。这种感触支撑起其作品《维纳斯的诞生》(约

在罗马获得感官与理智上的愉悦。

这看起来可能像是一场印象的旋风,但穆拉托夫的著作节奏缓慢且深思熟虑,旨在与他所处时代的喧嚣和速度形成对比。当穆拉托夫在某个地方驻足时,读者的感官也被激活,例如在罗马郊外的坎帕尼亚(Campagna)。在那里,在阿尔莫内河(Almone)之畔,他发现了博斯科·萨克罗(Bosco Sacro),一个由“几棵排列成完美圆圈的古老冬青松组成的‘神圣树林’”。

在俄语原版中出现的作品,在这里被吉迪恩·博斯克(Gideon Bosker)设计的精美但抽象的图像(见左侧)所取代,旨在唤起对文本的联想。因此,读者失去了看到穆拉托夫精心描述之物的机会。

在第三卷的最后几页,第一次世界大战闯入了叙事。穆拉托夫当时在威尼斯,听着报童宣布奥匈。

20 世纪初的俄罗斯读者通过帕维尔·帕夫洛维奇·穆拉托夫(Pavel Pavlovich Muratov)极具个人色彩的文字,感受到了文艺复兴时期意大利的生机。

到 Volume 3 出版时,战争已经爆发。穆拉托夫放弃了艺术,重返军队;随后在 1917 年革命后,他将才干用于救济饥荒。然而,穆拉托夫的奉献只换来了怀疑:他被逮捕并入狱。1922 年,他永久逃离了苏联。

在意大利流亡期间,穆拉托夫继续致力于维持俄意之间的联系,并试图重新连接四散的俄罗斯文艺复兴。他组织活动和会议,俄罗斯人们在周二参加他在罗马举办的文化沙龙。流亡俄罗斯作家尼娜·贝尔贝罗娃(Nina Berberova)欣喜地回忆起在穆拉托夫的引导下游览罗马的经历:“他热爱意大利,并教会了我热爱这里。”

尽管穆拉托夫做出了努力,但俄罗斯文艺复兴还是枯萎了,俄罗斯与意大利文化的联系也随之消散。穆拉托夫在 1950 年在被世人遗忘中去世。《唤起》(Evocations)的再版是对俄罗斯文化复兴短暂辉煌的一次迟到致敬,是对那些本不该丢失之物的重新发现。

西利亚克(Ms. Siljak)是佛罗里达大学汉密尔顿古典与公民教育学院的人文教授。

适合所有年龄层的儿童文学

儿童书籍 凯蒂·丹尼尔斯 (KATIE DANIELS)

当今最优秀的青少年读物保留了一种成年人书籍如今所缺失的惊奇感。

儿童书籍以及撰写这些书籍的成年人,经常遭受着某种温和的轻视和礼貌的排斥。或者并不那么礼貌。“人们问我是否想过写一本儿童书,”马丁·艾米斯 (Martin Amis) 在 2011 年告诉 BBC,“我说,‘如果我遭受了严重的脑损伤,我可能会写一本儿童书。’”

这一刻薄的言论显然触动了某些人的神经,因为它同时出现在麦克·巴内特 (Mac Barnett) 的《想象》(Make Believe)(Little, Brown 出版,112 页,$20)和凯瑟琳·伦德尔 (Katherine Rundell) 那部标题更具针对性的《为什么你应该读儿童书,尽管你如此年长且睿智》(Why You Should Read Children's Books, Even Though You Are So Old and Wise)(Knopf Books for Young Readers 出版,80 页,$17.99) 中。巴内特先生已经出版了 60 多本儿童书,目前担任国家青少年文学大使。伦德尔女士是《不可能的生物》(Impossible Creatures) 系列的作者。他们近期为成年读者撰写的这两本书,为重新审视儿童文学提出了充满激情的论据。

儿童和成年人一样,同样值得拥有优秀的故事。问题在于,儿童无法决定哪些书应该为他们而写并出版——这由成年人决定。而在巴内特先生看来,我们这些成年人经常出错,太经常将一个好的教训与一个好的故事混为一谈。《想象》倡导对儿童书定义一个更宽泛的范畴:“最好的儿童故事——就像最好的成年人故事一样——讲述了在这个世界上作为一个人意味着什么的真相。”

巴内特先生那轻快的语调偶尔会陷入轻率,这在今年春天《想象》出版时引发了一场争议。在书的开头,巴内特先生引用了科幻作家西奥多·斯特金 (Theodore Sturgeon) 的格言,即“百分之九十的一切都是垃圾”。巴内特先生若无其事地将这一说法修改为适用于儿童小说:“也许儿童书中有 94.7% 是垃圾。”

这个笑话没能引起共鸣。250 多名儿童图书社区成员签署了一项请愿书,要求国会图书馆和非营利组织“让每个孩子成为读者”(Every Child a Reader) 解决巴内特先生言论所造成的“难以想象的伤害”。请愿者还对巴内特先生使用“说教主义”(didacticism) 一词来描述儿童书中常见的强硬道德说教表示不满。他们写道,这个词已被“用作大棒和暗号,用来谴责儿童文学必要的多元化”。

在《想象》中没有任何迹象表明,当巴内特先生哀叹说教主义时,他指的是某个特定的

本周推荐

《想象》,麦克·巴内特 著

为什么即使你如此年长且睿智,也应该阅读儿童读物 —— 凯瑟琳·朗德尔(Katherine Rundell)著

书籍或作家的类型。这些引起争议的言论实际上处于一个关于何为优秀艺术的、细致且深思熟虑的章节之中。令人遗憾的是,围绕《假装》(Make Believe)的内斗,分散了人们对这本书价值的关注,而这本书在各方面都是对儿童文学的可能性与前景的致敬。

朗德尔女士虽然出版了相当数量的儿童读物,但她不愿给儿童文学下定义。她仅说明了它不是什么:即并非仅供儿童阅读。

正如书名所揭示的,朗德尔女士拒绝这样一种观点,即我们的阅读生活应该遵循一个线性进程,朝着难度越来越高的书籍前进。她指出,如果真是这样,最终我们将没有什么可读的,只能面对像詹姆斯·乔伊斯(James Joyce)的《芬尼根的守灵夜》(1939)这样的现代主义巨著。以成年人的视角重新审视儿童读物,可以成为一种强心剂。“如果你想感受到敬畏、渴望以及对正义的向往,”她写道,“你会转向儿童小说,让那颗疲惫的老马之心在马厩中再次奋蹄。”

对于一个厌倦的成年人来说,阅读儿童读物还能唤起年轻时的发现。朗德尔女士动情地描述了自己的童年,那时阅读为她提供了避风港,让她能逃离与大家庭生活在一起时那种“喧闹的全景监狱”。与巴内特先生一样,她将自己作为年轻读者的经历与作为作家的职业生涯联系在一起。对她而言,写一本儿童书意味着将“那些我最迫切、最渴望让孩子们知道,且让成年人们记住的事情”捕捉在纸上。

朗德尔女士是牛津大学的一名研究员,除了儿童小说外,还出版了一部约翰·多恩(John Donne)的传记。她是一位充满趣味且博学的作家,引用亚里士多德和灰姑娘时同样流畅。她那生动的论述勾勒了主要是英语儿童文学的演变过程:从15世纪的行为准则手册(其中大量涉及挖鼻孔的内容),到19世纪中期至20世纪初英美儿童小说的黄金时代(想想永无岛和奥兹国)。

这是一个令人振奋的提醒,让我们意识到有多少文学经典被安置在儿童区。你可以阅读《假装》和《为什么即使你如此年长且睿智,也应该阅读儿童读物》,并从中获得许多思考。或者,你可以直接前往最近的图书馆,亲身体验这一切究竟为何如此引起轰动。

新闻测验 DANIEL AKST

  1. 超级娱乐明星兼慈善家多莉·帕顿(Dolly Parton)去世,享年 80 岁。在以下哪部电影中她没有出演?

- A. 《9 to 5》 - B. 《炸绿番茄》(Fried Green Tomatoes) - C. 《钢铁木兰》(Steel Magnolias) - D. 《德克萨斯州最好的小妓院》(The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas)

  1. 今年美国首例麻疹死亡病例出现在哪个州?

A. 路易斯安那州 B. 宾夕法尼亚州 C. 加利福尼亚州 D. 爱达荷州

  1. 美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)批准了一款治疗胰腺癌的新药。该药叫什么?

A. Gemzar B. Abraxane C. Rasonque D. Xeloda

  1. 在与加拿大的贸易紧张局势升级中,特朗普总统签署了一项行政命令,将安大略湖(Lake Ontario)更名为什么?

○ A. 特朗普湖(Lake Trump) ○ B. 美国湖( America) ○ C. MAGA湖( MAGA) ○ D. 密歇根湖( Michigan)

  1. 一次网络攻击导致哪家企业的关键运营技术出现全球性停机?

- A. 利宝互助保险(Liberty Mutual) - B. 富达投资(Fidelity Investments) - C. 波士顿科学(Boston Scientific) - D. 波士顿啤酒(Boston Beer)

答案列在右侧的纵横字谜解答下方。

摘自本周《华尔街日报》

  1. 先锋集团(Vanguard Group)达成一项 $4 亿的交易以收购一家金融科技平台。是哪一家?

○ A. Benefactor ○ B. Eleemosynar ○ C. Empath ○ D. Altruist

  1. 美国中央情报局(CIA)局长约翰·拉特克利夫(John Ratcliffe)意外访问莫斯科——主要目的是什么?

○ A. 警告不要攻击北约

○ B. 提议在乌克兰停火

○ C. 开始就结束伊朗战争进行谈判

D. 谈判俄罗斯稀土出口

  1. 2026 年上半年,谁对美国的贸易顺差最大($114 亿)?

○ A. 中国 ○ B. 台湾 ○ C. 墨西哥 ○ D. 越南

  1. Zoox 自动驾驶出租车是首批无需方向盘和踏板且开始收费的车辆。其背后的支持者是谁?

○ A. 亚马逊(Amazon) ○ B. 谷歌(Google) ○ C. 特斯拉(Tesla) ○ D. 吉利(Geely)

游戏

数字谜题

这些谜题由全球最受欢迎的 YouTube 数独频道 Cracking The Cryptic 的 Simon Anthony 和 Mark Goodliffe 为《华尔街日报》精心策划。

杀手数独:CtC 冻结帧(Freeze Frame) 适用普通数独规则。虚线框内的数字不能重复,且其总和为所示数值。

28< / td><>< / ><>< / ><>29< / ><>< / >< / tr><><>< / ><>23< / ><>< / ><>20< / ><>< / ><>20< / ><>9< / ><>< / >< / ><><>< / ><>< / ><>8< / ><>16< / ><>< / ><>17< / ><>< / >< / ><><>< / ><>< / >< / ><><>< / ><>10< / ><>< / ><>5< / ><>< / ><>18< / ><>< / >< / ><><>29< / ><>< / ><>23< / ><>< / ><>9< / ><>21< / ><>< / ><>31< / >< / ><><>< / ><>197< / ><>< / ><>18< / ><>< / >< / ><><>< / ><>< / ><>6< / ><>< / >< / ><><>< / ><>< / >< / table>

X Traction by CtC 适用普通数独规则。标记的对角线上数字不能重复。

<><>< / ><>5< / ><>< / ><>1< / ><>< / >< / ><><>< / ><>< / ><>2< / ><>< / ><>7< / ><>< / ><>9< / >< / ><><>< / ><>< / ><>3< / ><>< / ><>6< / ><>< / >< / ><><>< / ><>4< / ><>< / ><>5< / ><>< / >< / ><><>5< / ><>< / ><>4< / >< / ><><>< / ><>6< / ><>< / ><>3< / ><>< / >< / ><><>< / ><>< / ><>7< / ><>< / ><>2< / ><>< / >< / ><><>4< / ><>< / ><>8< / ><>< / ><>1< / ><>< / >< / ><><>< / ><>< / ><>9< / ><>< / ><>8< / ><>< / >< / table>

上周谜题答案

杀手数独 (Killer Sudoku)

7< / td><>3< / ><>8< / ><>1< / ><>4< / ><>6< / ><>9< / ><>2< / ><>5< / >< / tr><><>2< / ><>5< / ><>4< / ><>9< / ><>7< / ><>8< / ><>6< / ><>1< / ><>3< / >< / ><><>9< / ><>1< / ><>6< / ><>5< / ><>3< / ><>2< / ><>8< / ><>4< / ><>7< / >< / ><><>1< / ><>6< / ><>3< / ><>4< / ><>9< / ><>7< / ><>5< / ><>8< / ><>2< / >< / ><><>5< / ><>8< / ><>9< / ><>2< / ><>6< / ><>1< / ><>3< / ><>7< / ><>4< / >< / ><><>4< / ><>2< / ><>7< / ><>3< / ><>8< / ><>5< / ><>1< / ><>9< / ><>6< / >< / ><><>8< / ><>7< / ><>1< / ><>6< / ><>2< / ><>3< / ><>4< / ><>5< / ><>9< / >< / ><><>6< / ><>9< / ><>5< / ><>7< / ><>1< / ><>4< / ><>2< / ><>3< / ><>8< / >< / ><><>3< / ><>4< / ><>2< / ><>8< / ><>5< / ><>9< / ><>7< / ><>6< / ><>1< / >< / table>

如需查看前几周的谜题,或与其他解题者讨论策略,请访问 WSJ.com / puzzles。

方格大乱斗 (Square Bashing)

<><>1< / ><>3< / ><>9< / ><>5< / ><>7< / ><>4< / ><>6< / ><>2< / ><>8< / >< / ><><>6< / ><>4< / ><>2< / ><>9< / ><>8< / ><>3< / ><>7< / ><>5< / ><>1< / >< / ><><>8< / ><>5< / ><>7< / ><>1< / ><>6< / ><>2< / ><>3< / ><>4< / ><>9< / >< / ><><>2< / ><>6< / ><>1< / ><>7< / ><>3< / ><>5< / ><>9< / ><>8< / ><>4< / >< / ><><>4< / ><>7< / ><>8< / ><>2< / ><>9< / ><>6< / ><>5< / ><>1< / ><>3< / >< / ><><>3< / ><>9< / ><>5< / ><>4< / ><>1< / ><>8< / ><>2< / ><>7< / ><>6< / >< / ><><>9< / ><>1< / ><>4< / ><>3< / ><>2< / ><>7< / ><>8< / ><>6< / ><>5< / >< / ><><>7< / ><>8< / ><>3< / ><>6< / ><>5< / ><>1< / ><>4< / ><>9< / ><>2< / >< / ><><>5< / ><>2< / ><>6< / ><>8< / ><>4< / ><>9< / ><>1< / ><>3< / ><>7< / >< / table>

如需观看谜题解答视频,请前往 Cracking The Cryptic YouTube 频道的 The Wall Street Journal 播放列表。

Nope!

[...OMITTED...]

鼓号队

C< / td><>O< / ><>M< / ><>E< / ><>T< / ><>O< / ><>B< / ><>R< / ><>I< / ><>G< / ><>A< / ><>D< / ><>O< / >< / tr><><>S< / ><>L< / ><>I< / ><>G< / ><>H< / ><>T< / ><>S< / ><>U< / ><>P< / ><>R< / ><>E< / ><>M< / ><>O< / >< / ><><>C< / ><>A< / ><>B< / ><>R< / ><>I< / ><>D< / ><>E< / ><>S< / ><>L< / ><>O< / ><>R< / ><>E< / ><>N< / >< / ><><>I< / ><>N< / ><>E< / ><>D< / ><>I< / ><>T< / ><>W< / ><>A< / ><>R< / ><>N< / ><>E< / ><>D< / >< / ><><>S< / ><>A< / ><>L< / ><>E< / ><>M< / ><>A< / ><>L< / ><>O< / ><>C< / ><>A< / ><>T< / ><>E< / >< / ><><>A< / ><>V< / ><>O< / ><>W< / ><>S< / ><>T< / ><>O< / ><>R< / ><>M< / ><>E< / ><>D< / ><>I< / ><>N< / >< / ><><>B< / ><>A< / ><>R< / ><>O< / ><>N< / ><>S

< / ><>< / ><>T< / ><>A< / ><>L< / ><>O< / ><>N< / ><>S< / >< / ><><>S< / ><>H< / ><>A< / ><>H< / ><>W< / ><>I< / ><>N< / ><>O< / ><>R< / ><>L< / ><>O< / ><>S< / ><>E< / >< / ><><>T< / ><>A< / ><>P< / ><>S< / ><>O< / ><>N< / ><>A< / ><>M< / ><>O< / ><>U< / ><>N< / ><>T< / ><>S< / >< / ><><>R< / ><>E< / ><>T< / ><>A< / ><>I< / ><>L< / ><>E< / ><>R< / ><>A< / ><>L< / ><>E< / ><>R< / ><>T< / >< / ><><>O< / ><>R< / ><>E< / ><>I< / ><>D< / ><>A< / ><>N< / ><>O< / ><>N< / ><>E< / ><>B< / ><>U< / ><>T< / >< / ><><>P< / ><>A< / ><>S< / ><>T< / ><>E< / ><>U< / ><>R< / ><>C< / ><>R< / ><>O< / ><>T< / ><>C< / ><>H< / >< / ><><>S< / ><>E< / ><>V< / ><>I< / ><>L< / ><>A< / ><>R< / ><>E< / ><>N< / ><>E< / ><>G< / ><>E< / >< / table>

新闻测验答案:1.B, 2.B, 3.C, 4.B, 5.C, 6.D, 7.A, 8.D, 9.A

华尔街日报周末益智游戏 由 MIKE SHENK 编辑

Set Piece / 作者:Gary Larson & Amy Ensz

横向 1 《纽约的奴隶》作者 Janowitz 5 焦虑状态 9 20世纪80年代的标志性汉堡 14 戏剧性歌手 18 旅团停靠点 19 炉灶设置 20 喧闹的,如人群 21 大时代 22 致力于总统乔治 W. 的粉丝俱乐部? 24 致力于迪斯科传奇 Donna 的粉丝俱乐部? 26 NPR 的 Shapiro 27 钩编作品 28 渗出 29 部分歌手 30 确实不应该 32 Hardy 的作品 34 巧克力糖粒 (Jimmies) 35 意大利葡萄酒产区 36 《美国往事》中的 Headley 38 锤子部件 39 弦乐四重奏乐器 42 2006 年 Verizon 的收购对象 44 在某种程度上没有轮子

47 致力于《继承之战》演员 Jeremy 的粉丝俱乐部? 51 “对我有效” 53 勇敢的对手 55 阿卡普尔科黄金 56 晾衣绳的替代品 57 符合预期? 58 斑点 59 苏格兰小姐 61 金矿挖掘槽 63 地中海岛国 64 你可以通过点击来回复这些 65 1972 年输给费舍尔的人 66 吉米之前的总统 67 西班牙女士 68 冷天时的脸,有时 69 新员工 70 《危险猜测》的 Trebek 71 努力协调阴阳的实践 72 五项全能运动员使用它们 74 连接 75 部分 NFL 擒抱者 76 长期坚持其中的一个人

77 致力于言情小说作家 Danielle 的粉丝俱乐部? 79 在两岸 81 PBS 的 Morse 或 Tennison 的军衔 83 网球选手的 Murray 和 Roddick 84 目标 85 肥沃的土壤 87 面包店库存 91 便利店 93 垄断八人组 96 一群无赖 98 趾高气扬,也许 99 放荡者 100 面包店购买品 103 钻井组织 104 致力于《皇家赌场》女演员 Eva 的粉丝俱乐部? 106 致力于《公寓大厦之谜》演员 Martin 的粉丝俱乐部? 108 挑衅 109 炽热的 110 正式投降 111 伙伴 112 海边的公牛 113 加入了 10K 跑步 114 有抵押贷款 115 在……之上

纵向 1 天空中的公牛 2 备份 3 不以为然的反应 4 所有七本纳尼亚书籍中唯一的角色 5 捕捉,如苍蝇 6 接近 7 冠蜥 8 公认的标准 9 技巧性台球击球 10 野蛮的 11 部分体育场设施 12 床头桌物品 13 逾期金额 14 逐渐减少 15 即将爆炸 16 拉巴斯的“快点!” 17 尼罗河上的死亡原因,也许 18 出生在岛上的总统 23 小蝾螈 25 极罕见 31 先驱性的 DVR 33 致力于 Sex Pistols 贝斯手 Sid 的粉丝俱乐部? 34 它们可能戴项圈 36 杀死,如巨龙 37 传说中的落选者

38 1960 年代摇滚四人组中的 John 和 Denny 40 非影棚电影 41 史瑞克和菲奥娜,例如 43 顽皮的 44 歌手 Mariah 45 “印度之泪” 46 像在自己家一样自在 47 加利福尼亚州蒙特雷县的城市 48 《面孔 / 对决》中的 John 49 齐平 50 “生生不息,繁荣昌盛”的说话者 52 渴望的同意 54 迷宫终点 58 宝莱坞服装 60 Booker T. & the M.G.'s 和 the Staple Singers 的标签 62 在商店里成型,在某种程度上 63 远不足够 65 易如反掌 66 贪婪 68 调制解调器衡量标准 69 部分首次投票者 71 削减 73 学校支持小组 76 海王星最大的卫星 78 教师学位 80 Chapel Hill 的运动员 82 《秃头女歌唱家》的剧作家 86 誓绝 88 “我的荣幸” 89 祈祷球指令 90 银河系成分 91 整理专家近藤 92 跨越八个州的快车 93 贝果形状的 94 惊人地古怪 95 兴奋的,搭配 “up” 96 片段 97 面包店诱惑 98 MLB 球队贵宾 99 网球选手的 Nadal,亲昵称呼 101 矿石来源 102 《伊利亚特》战士 105 某种意义上的整数 107 背叛的歌手

Go Ask Alice / 由 Ed Dennison 设计的隐晦谜题

通常在填字游戏中,两个相交的答案会共享同一个字母。本谜题中有 9 个方格的两个字母不同。在这些方格中,请仅保留那个能使“横向”和“纵向”答案都成为实际单词或短语的字母,并将其圈起来。你将创建 9 个新单词,即因保留该字母而发生改变的单词。将圈出的字母从上到下按行读取,将拼出如果你仔细观察网格,可以在哪里以新的视角看到这些新单词。

横向 1 丢弃南方的垃圾 (5) 5 噢天哪!漂浮的尘埃最初积累 (7) 11 植入迪卡普里奥避难所的漏洞 (4-3) 12 演讲者的全部开场 (4) 13 不要花费免息硬币,可能永远 (8) 14 审问穿着水下呼吸设备的共和党人? (5) 15 缩短的朋友关于阿拉斯加的提问 (6) 16 伏击宿舍管理员包裹在卫生纸中 (4) 19 采取内战将军捕捉叛徒 (8) 20 劳伦斯主持早间休息 (4) 23 带有排放的东德人 (4)

24 肌肉中无与伦比的海生物 (8) 29 听起来像是在船上组装的杆子 (4) 30 最难找到正确答案的余数 (6) 32 最终,香水师租用精品店 (5) 33 将纯钛置于计划突破之前 (8) 34 前几晚,小木屋的屋顶出现在讨论中 (4) 35 微风是弗雷斯诺天气的一部分 (2,5) 36 圣经中的女人,大约 50 岁,从后面被问候 (7) 37 外交协议通过法律 (5)

纵向 1 冷落新鲜制作的甜点 (8) 2 团队午餐地点的小有袋类动物 (7) 3 锡塔尔演奏者 Shankar 将油与意面菜肴混合 (7) 4 来自台湾的优秀导演投球 (3,3) 5 寂静鸡舍顶上的鸽子发出的声音 (4) 6 采取驴子和向北行驶的澳洲跑者 (6)

7 不会飞的鸟分享饼干 (5) 8 宣布了灿烂的不幸进入方法 (5) 9 季节性工人去掉自尊 (5) 10 活跃的人骑得糟糕 (4) 15 询问波斯湾某处的海员 (5) 17 锭在沿海城市出现 (5) 18 鞋匠或许强调提升 (8) 21 裁决:香蕉现在成熟了 (2,5) 22 谦卑地与真正的沙漠居民一起奔跑 (7) 24 允许母亲返回进口啤酒 (6) 25 斯科特奖展示原住民 (6) 26 担心小牛肉的开头被切成碎片 (5) 27 带有西班牙淡味食物的动画超级反派 (5) 28 徒步在姜汁汽水之后 (5) 30 听起来像我们有不想要的生长 (4) 31 顶层公寓的高档贝果 (4)

▶ 本周《华尔街日报》周末谜题的答案将在下周六的《华尔街日报》中公布。请在 WSJ.com / Puzzles 在线解填字游戏,获取解密谜题的提示并讨论所有谜题。

在她的新书中,普里亚·帕克(Priya Parker)旨在帮助管理人员处理职场问题。

想要我们多争吵的冲突解决专家

作者普里亚·帕克认为,如果我们想要和谐相处并取得进步,就需要更聪明、更频繁地争吵

作者:帕梅拉·保罗(PAMELA PAUL)

在写完一本关于如何举办有意义的聚会之书后,紧接着写一本关于人际冲突的书,这在逻辑上似乎是必然的。然而,普里亚·帕克(Priya Parker)——一名为企业、非营利组织、政治团体及多代同堂家庭提供服务的独立引导师和战略顾问——起初对这个前景感到畏缩。

“我是一个厌恶冲突的冲突解决引导师,”43岁的帕克承认道,“我认为这就是我能发挥作用的原因。我对房间里那些同样想要逃离的人有着深切的共情。”

帕克的父亲是一名人类学家,母亲是一名水文学家。她出生于津巴布韦,4岁时移居美国。父母的离婚让她深刻意识到处理冲突的重要性。

“人们在他们分开时感到很震惊,因为他们从未吵过架,”帕克在布鲁克林公寓通过Zoom表示,“我从小就意识到,回避冲突会带来巨大的损失。”

在哈佛大学肯尼迪学院获得公共政策硕士学位以及在麻省理工学院斯隆管理学院获得商业硕士学位后,帕克成立了自己的工作室——成为组织在发生冲突后寻求帮助的对象,无论是因为首席执行官因未指明的不当行为而被午夜解雇,还是大规模裁员,亦或是经理在会议中被认为有所轻视。在组织完成内部调查、律师离开以及公关和品牌人员发言之后,帕克的工作就是帮助公司思考相关人员如何继续前行。

她的第一本书《聚会艺术:我们如何相聚以及为何重要》(The Art of Gathering: How We Meet and Why It Matters)出版于2018年,并在新冠疫情爆发之初发行平装本,对于一本赞美人数聚集的书来说,那个时间点并不理想。但将于9月8日出版的《争吵艺术:冲突的变革力量》(The Art of Fighting: The Transformative Power of Conflict)却在最恰当的时机问世。在又一场看似将充满敌意的选举到来前几个月,帕克希望给人们提供解决争端的原因,以及帮助他们进行有效争吵的工具。

问:您是如何从一本关于“聚会艺术”的书转向“争吵艺术”的?

答:这在2020年夏天开始在我心中具体化,那是许多组织进行内部反思的时期。我观察并阅读了所有这些团体崩溃的情况;包括公司、朋友圈、教会团体、童军分队。由于我的工作性质,我的收件箱和私信不断闪烁。我近距离观察了一些在Zoom上进行的反思会议。有时是关于公司在乔治·弗洛伊德被谋杀后是否发表声明的决定,这会导致员工在Slack频道中对已说或未说的话产生激烈情绪,以及他们认为该声明是陈词滥调还是作秀。这些情况往往会触发围绕文化问题的更大规模崩溃。通常会出现内部指控种族主义或某种形式的正式投诉,进而导致内部或外部调查。

特别是在进步组织和运动内部,存在着一些阻碍对话的“神圣牛”(不可触碰的禁忌)。在这样一个圈子里,一名原住民活动家对我使用“部落”一词提出了异议。这关乎于尝试将对话的可能性扩展到那些最感到被冒犯的人的界限之外。作为一名引导师,这一切都极具挑战性。与人们身处同一个房间是我们工作的重要组成部分。如果有人哭着跑出去,你可以跟到洗手间。而在Zoom中,任何人都可以按下按钮直接退出。组织和个人对于如何应对这些动态感到困惑。

在书中,您使用了“艺术化斗士”(the artful fighter)这个词。您是指什么?

艺术化斗士是指拥有深厚群体智能的人。他们能够承受健康的冲突热度,并帮助他人(包括他们自己)清晰地表达观点,且不会因为表达这些观点而导致一种被反噬的文化。这样的人能够通过艰难但富有成效且具有建设性的对话,帮助群体维持并保护不同的声音。

在经济不确定的环境下,人们似乎害怕任何可能危及工作的冲突。我们应该如何对此产生不同的思考?现代职场领导者面临的最普遍挑战之一就是缺乏面对面的交流。如果人们互不相识,那么陷入冲突的风险会更高。在 AI era,挑战在于如何创建具有深厚人性色彩的团队,从而让人们培养这些联系。

在职场中,冲突往往涉及多方。群体的争斗在运作方式上有何不同?在一对一的争斗中,大部分需要的是沟通技巧:如何说话才能让对方倾听,如何进行眼神交流,以及如何关注两人之间发生的事情。

但群体是一个复杂的有机体。虽然沟通技巧依然必要,但群体需要被“掌控”。

在某种程度上,这是一个协调问题。在一个 20 人的群体中,谁先发言?在一次有 800 人参加的全体员工大会(town hall)上,在最后环节征集问题是一种虚假的机制。为了解决冲突,你必须预先确定会议的合适规模和结构;$90$ 的成功在人们进入房间之前就已经决定了。

人们倾向于把所有人聚集在一起解决问题,目标是实现包容并让人们感到自己的声音被听到。但您说,让 Zoom 会议民主化并不总是好主意。风险是什么?当我们只能在物理房间里开会时,会议桌旁能容纳的人数有限。Zoom 涵盖了更多的人,但它也是一个没有边界的空间。因此,由于我们没有思考 Zoom 会议的目的,也没有确定谁真正需要参与该过程,我们往往会过度地邀请人员加入。

技术还以哪些方式潜在地加剧了争斗?以 Slack 为例。Slack 简直是群体冲突的 Tinder。 所做的是彻底改变了谁可以将什么内容列入议程。允许任何人创建一个任何其他员工都可以加入的 频道,意味着任何员工都可以迅速建立一个围绕某个诉求的即时社区。它不能解决冲突,反而使其恶化。在我合作过的许多公司中,许多清算(reckonings)都始于 。人们尚未建立起解决这些问题的数字化仪式。

您写道,社区的崩溃部分归因于我们管理冲突的能力不足。请将这两点联系起来。我们对冲突的厌恶正在加剧我们的孤独感。这导致我们选择退出、玩失踪(ghost)或离开某个群体或某种情境,而不是留下来面对摩擦。这造成了更浅层、更脆弱的关系和社区。健康的社区需要爱,但同样需要冲突。

对于一个一直积极避免与朋友、配偶或同事发生特定争执的人,您会如何说服他们去面对并挑起一场争斗?首先,我并不是说所有的争斗都值得面对——有些最好避开。但如果你决定它值得,我会说:人们不会为他们不在乎的事情而争吵。这里的核心不在于与你讨厌的人或互联网上的陌生人争吵,而在于如何与那些你想要归属的人争吵。随着时间的推移,这些关系需要热度和活力才能保持其意义。

杰作 / Fallingwater (1937),弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特(Frank Lloyd Wright)作品

与自然合而为一的住宅

弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特(Frank Lloyd Wright)设计的落水山庄(Fallingwater)是一座悬在瀑布之上的房屋。人们在拍照时总是习惯于从下游往上拍,捕捉它及其错落有致的悬挑露台。我们看到看似轻盈的平面,盘旋在永恒的基岩之上。没有其他视角能如此戏剧化且清晰。当你看到这张照片,就能领悟这座房子的核心逻辑:一座与自然合而为一的建筑。

这个令人难忘的视角让落水山庄名扬全球。对于一座最初被构想为位于匹兹堡以南 65 英里、用于周末度假的私人小屋来说,这无疑是一笔巨大的遗产。它的伟大从一开始就显而易见,其声望从未衰减。自 1963 年起,它由西宾夕法尼亚保护协会(Western Pennsylvania Conservancy)管理并向公众开放。在最近完成一项 $7.500 万 的修复工程后,落水山庄于 8 月 29 日举行了所谓的 90 周年庆典。(该建筑于 1936 年开工,次年完工。)它看起来洁净且充满活力,这实至名归,因为它是 20 世纪美国最重要的住宅建筑。

赖特在经济大萧条摧毁其执业生涯之时赢得了这次委托。当时他 67 岁,在之前的五年里仅建了一座房子。他甚至出版了自己的自传,但这本书并没有总结他的职业生涯,反而重启了它。这本书深深吸引了埃德加·考夫曼(Edgar Kaufmann)之子——一位匹兹堡百货商店老板的儿子——以至于他加入了赖特的塔列辛奖学金项目(Taliesin Fellowship)。他在 1934 年底将赖特介绍给他的父亲,而这个时机再合适不过。

老埃德加·考夫曼想在他位于熊奔溪(Bear Run)的一块林木茂密的土地上建造一座新的周末住宅。那里唯一的视觉亮点是一条带有瀑布的狭窄峡谷,考夫曼错误地认为房子应该面向瀑布。赖特纠正了他:“我希望你与瀑布共生,而不仅仅是注视它。”

从一开始,赖特就试图将他的建筑融入自然环境。作为梭罗和爱默生的忠实读者,他对自然有着深沉的热爱。但他也拥抱现代工业世界;他的首批论文之一就是《机器的艺术与工艺》。调和自然与机器是他职业生涯的核心挑战,而直接在水上建房则以最极端的方式提出了这一挑战。

在这里,他对船舶建筑的钦佩发挥了作用。他曾七次航行至日本,欣赏豪华邮轮的效率和流畅线条,这些邮轮与当时最实用的当代建筑一样现代。当他将位于芝加哥的罗比住宅(Robie House)称为 Dampfer(德语中的“蒸汽船”)时,他是在赞美它。但这只是一个比喻,而在落水山庄,这种相似性要具体得多。

就像在邮轮上人们享受甲板生活一样,落水山庄的主要体验在于户外。其精髓在于一系列相互垂直并深向空间延伸的悬臂露台。这些露台汇聚于一座低矮的石塔,暗示着船只的中央上层建筑,甲板则围绕其锚定。卧室本身与他典型的住宅不同,在性质上更像船舱——在甲板活动间隙用于睡眠的舒适私人舱室。

相比之下,下层的客厅——一个 48 乘 33 英尺的空间,相当于豪华邮轮上的沙龙——在性质上几乎是原始的。它的石质壁炉落在看似由最后一次流浪冰川沉积的巨型岩石上。在这里,上方悬空的混凝土露台被锚定在土地上,使机器的产物与自然达成和解,使落水山庄成为了赖特所谓的“有机建筑”的决定性范例。

自然景观因建筑的介入而变得更加美丽,这种情况实属罕见。通常情况下,我们能期待的最好结果就是建筑不要破坏景色。但落水佳庭(Fallingwater)却为其环境增色。它没有遮挡瀑布,而是对其进行了勾勒,就像服装可以通过强调线条和轮廓,让我们更生动地看到人体之美,从而使人体形态变得美丽。同样地,落水佳庭向外且向上阶梯式延伸的悬挑空间,是对下方景观的一种诗意转述——那层叠的瀑布正是大自然自身的阶梯。

Wagyu 的发音是 wah-GYOO。这个词翻译过来是“日本牛”,但这种牛肉仅来自四种日本本土牛品种。

和牛的黄金时代

这种以入口即化而著称的日本牛肉已风靡美国。在夏天结束前——或在赛前派对季——快把它烤起来吧。

作者:亚当·钱德勒(ADAM CHANDLER)

顶级的日本和牛由日本肉类分级协会评定为 A5 级。

谈到备受推崇的日本牛肉——和牛,很容易陷入诗意的描述中。

进口商酒井纯平(Jumpei Sakai)在被问及和牛时,不经意间说出了一首俳句:“口感如此嫩 / 几乎无需咀嚼 / 肉便在口中化。”现场烹饪专家、《顶级切割》(Prime Cuts)一书的作者杰斯·普赖尔斯(Jess Pryles)则给出了她自己的抒情描述:“和牛带来一种黄油般的浓郁感,在舌尖上轻而易举地融化。”

“Wagyu”(发音为 Wan-GYOO)这个词翻译过来就是“日本牛”,但这种牛肉仅来自四个品种:日本黑牛、日本褐牛、日本短角牛和日本无角牛。它们的肉经常被比作雪花,部分原因是其脂肪大理石花纹的复杂图案,也因为其在口中融化的方式。我在一家牛排馆享用的第一顿日本和牛餐——一个

盐通常是和牛唯一需要的调味料。此外,经常会配以山葵和酱油。

我在一家牛排牛排馆享用的第一顿日本和牛餐——一个 请翻至 D7 页

• • • • • • • • • • • • •

内页

月球之约 一位作家如何沉迷于在全球追逐日食 D8

贾斯汀·梅茨(JUSTIN METZ)为《华尔街日报》拍摄 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 品牌进场 那些寻求赞助商来买单的新娘 D9

萨姆·奥特曼的腕表 OpenAI 创始人钟情于一款定制设计的 Vanguard 手表 D2

品味成功 一点葡萄酒知识如何能让你的职场竞争力提升 D4

新一代科技巨头的身份象征

为 OpenAI 的萨姆·奥特曼及公司另外六人打造了七枚极稀有的腕表

关注点:OpenAI 的定制时计由 Vanguart 协作打造。

随性优雅 / 配备运动表带的严肃腕表 萨姆·奥特曼佩戴的一枚 Greubel Forsey 腕表价值约 $650,000。

作者:ANDREW ZUCKER

在硅谷,身份象征有很多种。能俯瞰旧金山湾的住宅,Cybertruck 赛博皮卡。腕表也在名单之列,它是各行业巨头们的标配。

Meta 创始人马克·扎克伯格最近佩戴了一枚来自瑞士奢侈品牌 F.P. Journe 的价值 $1.3 腕表。 创始人萨姆·奥特曼同样是一位腕表爱好者,他的手腕上曾出现过包括另一家瑞士制造商 Greubel Forsey 生产的价值约 $650,000 的作品在内的多种款式。

奥特曼收藏的另一枚腕表则更具个人色彩——这是一款带有 品牌标识的定制设计,由成立八年的瑞士制表商 Vanguart 在今年早些时候创作。奥特曼订购了七枚。

这些 时计模仿了 Vanguart 的 Orb 钛金属腕表(起售价 $180,000),旨在赠予公司部分选定人员。这与 及其他科技公司销售的服装如出一辙,使这些公司具有了生活方式品牌的光泽。

奥特曼通过一名 发言人未对此文发表评论。《华尔街日报》的所有者新闻集团(News Corp)与 拥有内容许可合作伙伴关系。

Vanguart 的 33 名员工中,约有三分之一参与了 的项。

Vanguart 的 33 名员工中,大约有三分之一参与了 OpenAI 项目。

该腕表公司董事长兼联合创始人 Mehmet Koruturk 表示,该项目

这些时计配备了运动橡胶表带,并具备在自动上链和手动上链之间切换的功能。其中还加入了几处极客风格的细节,包括一段被归于奥特曼(Altman)名下的语录——“计算即天命”(COMPUTE IS DESTINY),以大写字母形式刻在每块表的自动陀周围。另一个硅谷流行术语“规模化”(SCALING)则以全大写形式刻在每块表的表冠按钮上。

腕表上印有 OpenAI 的标志,每块表的背面都有一行用 Python 编程语言编写的铭文——“if AGI.aligned: deploy()”。这一细节是由 Vanguart 的首席执行官兼联合创始人 Axel Leuenberger 建议的。

“这意味着 AI 需要被用于和平目的,”Koruturk 说道。

Koruturk 解释说,这种“彩蛋”细节是 Vanguart 定制设计的标志。“我们尝试为那些懂得在哪里寻找的人嵌入一些微妙的致敬。”

Vanguart 向爱好者提供的价值主张之一便是排他性。该公司的成品仅在美国 SoHo 区的一家服装与珠宝店 Material Good 销售。Koruturk 表示,该公司生产的腕表少于 200 块。相比之下,瑞士奢侈品牌爱彼(Audemars Piguet)每年生产约 50,000 块腕表(该公司拥有 3,000 多名员工)。

带有 OpenAI 品牌的并非只有 Vanguart 的款式。该公司应用研究负责人 Boris Power 最近在 X 上发帖称,劳力士(Rolex)的姐妹公司都铎(Tudor)生产了 400 块表盘上带有 OpenAI 标志的腕表。在表背上,这些腕表刻有“优秀的研究需要时间”(Good Research Takes Time)这句话,这一口号也曾出现在 OpenAI 销售的 T 恤上。都铎的一位代表拒绝置评。

软件公司 Adobe 的产品设计人员 Georgia Benjamin 是该公司一个爱好者小组的一员。她一直与英国制表师 Studio Underd0g 合作,制作带有 Adobe 品牌的定制款式——计划制作 128 块,仅向公司员工提供,每块价格约为 \$1,200。

拥有约 40 块腕表的 Benjamin 表示,在硅谷工作感觉就像是一个大家庭的一员。“拥有某种实物来象征这一点,会让你觉得你在这个内部俱乐部中,”她在提到科技公司品牌时计时补充道。

在线拍卖腕表的 Loupe This 联合创始人 Eric Ku 表示,近年来,设计向其他科技巨头(包括 Meta、Alphabet 和亚马逊)致敬的腕表也大量增加。

今年早些时候,他的公司在拍卖会上以 \$8,250 的价格售出了一块带有亚马逊品牌的定制都铎表。Loupe This 目前正在拍卖一块表盘上定制有 Meta 标志的都铎 Black Bay 54。这块今年制造的腕表在 Loupe This 上已收到十几个出价,最高达 \$10,500。配备金属表带的标准都铎 Black Bay 54 腕表通常售价 \$4,725。

“人们喜欢收集不寻常且罕见的东西,”Ku 说道。但他补充说,并非所有带有定制品牌的腕表都能卖出高价。“人们可能会觉得它们有点丑。”

爱彼 (Audemars Piguet) Royal Oak Offshore Diver,\$32,900

万国表 (IWC Schaffhausen) Pilot's Venturer Vertical Drive,\$28,200

宇舶表 (Hublot) Classic Fusion Titanium Green,\$8,700

▶ 古驰 (Gucci) Dive 36mm,\$2,650

天美时 (Timex) Harborside Coast Multifunction ,\$159

宝路华 (Bulova) Black Dial Silicone Rubber Maquina,\$875

更好的自我美黑指南

新型美黑产品借鉴了“伪素颜”妆容,承诺在不让你变橙色或产生异味的情况下带来光彩

作者:FIORELLA VALDESOLO

长期以来,瓶装美黑产品在某种程度上一直是个笑话。“美黑产品过去闻起来很糟糕,看起来像橘子,褪色时也很难看,”提供喷雾美黑和自我美黑产品的企业 Tan Edit 的创始人埃里卡·瓦斯科(Erika Vasco)说道。

但近年来人们对护肤的浓厚兴趣也影响到了美黑产品。这类产品通常使用二羟基丙酮(一种被称为 DHA 的活性成分),当 DHA 与皮肤外层的角蛋白反应时,会产生棕色色素。

让光泽自然而下 专家表示,自我美黑产品的配方已经经过重新开发,变得更加轻盈,橘色感更轻,气味更小。厚重的乳液和面霜已被喷雾、滴剂、精华液和爽肤水所取代。据说在产品中使用更高质量的 DHA 可以产生更一致的金棕色调。

可以称之为一次“升级”(glow-up)——或者更准确地说,是让光泽自然而下(glow-down)。

拥有 Sunnee BAEskin 和 Dolce Glow 两个产品线的专业美黑师伊莎贝尔·艾丽莎(Isabel Alysa)将最新一代的自我美黑产品与“伪素颜”美妆趋势联系起来。如今自我美黑的重点在于,即使你使用了多种产品,别人也看不出你做过美黑。

“美黑产品能‘模糊瑕疵,均匀肤色,让腿部看起来更光滑、线条更清晰,并让肌肉线条更突出’,”她解释道。

产品已经从那个“一种色号适配各种肤色”的时代进化而来了。越来越多的品牌开始标注产品的底色,以便用户更容易找到与自己肤色相称的产品。

哥伦比亚裔的瓦斯科肤色较深——她表示,肤色像她这样的人应该选择带有紫色底色的产品。如果你皮肤非常白且偏红,瓦斯科建议选择带有绿色底色的美黑产品。

自我美黑技巧 确保提前 24 小时对脸部和身体进行去角质,并且在涂抹自我美黑产品的当天不要涂抹保湿霜。“你需要让皮肤完全干燥,这样它才能吸收所有的美黑成分,”默加特罗伊德(Murgatroyd)说道。使用美黑手套或刷子以打圈的方式涂抹,有助于在脚踝、胸前以及指关节等较难处理的区域均匀地融合和分布产品。

瓦斯科建议最后在腹部涂抹美黑产品——这有助于避免在移动身体涂抹其他区域时导致分布不均。在涂抹美黑产品后的几天里,要使用保湿霜大量补水。在用美黑产品前涂抹少量护手霜可以帮助减少手掌出现橘色——这是美黑产品来自瓶装的直接迹象。

“美黑产品能‘模糊瑕疵,均匀肤色,让腿部看起来更光滑、线条更清晰,并让肌肉线条更突出’。”

56 岁的詹妮弗·费舍尔曼-鲁夫(Jennifer Fisherman-Ruff)是纽约市的一名公关人员,她使用美黑产品已有近三十年之久。她说她最近开始在颈部、胸部和手臂上使用来自 Tan Edit 的喷雾。

“我最喜欢的是它没有明显的气味,而且不会蹭到衣服或床上用品上,”鲁夫在谈到这款喷雾时说。“我可以在洗完澡后快速使用它。”

了解你的底色 专业舞者、拥有 Peta Jane 美黑产品线的佩塔·默加特罗伊德(Peta Murgatroyd)表示,现代美黑产品的目的不再是单纯地将皮肤变黑,而是增强皮肤质感。它们被用于“模糊瑕疵,均匀肤色,让腿部看起来更光滑、线条更清晰,并让肌肉线条更突出”。

她说,如今客户来找瓦斯科做喷雾美黑时,大多数人的要求都一样:“‘我只想让自己看起来健康,我不希望任何人知道我做了美黑。’”

在美黑连锁店 Sugared + Bronzed,定制的喷笔美黑旨在提供同样清新自然的效果。“喷雾美黑提供了一个光彩照人的底色,这样人们就可以少化一些妆,”Sugared + Bronzed 的创始人考特尼·克拉格霍恩(Courtney Claghorn)说道。

39 岁的艾希莉·福多尔(Ashley Fodor)是一家纽约零售公司的创新总监,她将 Sugared + Bronzed 的喷雾美黑比作一次高质量的面部护理。

“你走出那里时,拥有的是女神般的肌肤,”她说。

维持夏季光泽 / 现代自我美黑产品精选

  1. Saltyface 椰子晒黑泡沫, $59
  2. The Tan Edit 水感面纱, $44
  3. Dolce Glow Dolce 自晒黑喷雾, $49
  4. Self Glow By James Read Endless Summer 渐进式晒黑保湿乳, $59 购于 Credo
  5. Isle of Paradise 有色自晒黑慕斯, $35
  6. Peta Jane Beauty 自晒黑面部及身体喷雾, $42

Serpentine

PAUL MORELLI

Serpentine 环形耳环

您很快就能为任何斟酒场合做好准备。

作者:EMILY SALADINO

当一名客户在 2023 年旧金山一家时尚餐厅的商务晚餐上将酒单交给 Aani Nerlekar 时,Nerlekar 意识到这是一个决定成败的时刻。

“那个人刚在纳帕度过了两周,参观了八家酒庄,加入了三个葡萄酒俱乐部,还寄了几箱酒回家,如此之多,”他回忆道。

Nerlekar 是一位在湾区工作的 39 岁金融科技专业人士,他在 20 多岁中期开始接触葡萄酒。他为这次商务晚餐选择的一瓶赤霞珠,来自一家他在葡萄园旅行中认出的酒庄。他的选择得到了认可,并引发了关于访问其他酒庄的讨论。“这建立了一种信任感,”Nerlekar 说。

权力午餐和在—。

许多不同行业的人表示,葡萄酒知识在工作中依然能提供竞争优势。

高尔夫球赛或许不再那么普遍,但许多不同行业的人表示,葡萄酒知识在工作中依然能提供竞争优势。有些人正在参加专为葡萄酒专业人士设计的课程,希望通过学习开启职业之门。

芝加哥的詹姆斯·比尔德奖(James Beard Award)得主、侍酒师贝琳达·张(Belinda Chang)表示,曾有商学院学生和金融高管联系她,希望她能主持研讨会,教授如何在公司环境下选择葡萄酒单。她补充说,这些人分别支付了从数百美元到数千美元不等的费用。“我不

我不认为这是一种软技能,我认为它是一种硬技能,”张表示。“如果你不知道如何款待客人,不知道如何阅读酒单以及如何点酒,你如何能晋升到领导岗位并招待客户?”

当其他人在疫情期间钻研酸面包制作或迷上观鸟时,在微软从事网络安全工作的 35 岁男子法昆多·蒙特罗·肯普夫(Facundo Monteiro Kempf)正在背诵勃艮第葡萄园的分级。

WINE NOT? Knowing your vintages is a hard skill, one expert says.

Drink Like You Mean Business

For the high-powered set, being able to read a wine list—and order for the table—can still be the ultimate flex

The Wine & Spirits Education Trust is a professional accreditation institution.

居住在迈阿密的蒙特罗·肯普夫完成了葡萄酒与烈酒教育信托基金(Wine & Spirits Education Trust)的两个级别的课程,该机构是一家专业认证机构。其费用因地区而异;在迈阿密,蒙特罗·肯普夫参加的两门课程费用约为 $1,400。他说,学习葡萄酒知识帮助他与志同道合的同事和客户维持了更长期的关系。如今,他经常通过短信和葡萄酒应用 Vivino 与商业联系人分享品酒笔记和酒款推荐。

纽约国际葡萄酒中心(International Wine Center)的合伙人兼董事总经理戴夫·鲁德曼(Dave Rudman)表示,在他们这里完成课程的人员中,近一半就职于酒店业以外的行业。

鲁德曼补充说,有些人甚至追求获得葡萄酒与烈酒教育信托基金的文凭——这种认证级别是许多全职葡萄酒专业人士都未能达到的。仅文凭课程的费用就可能接近 $10,000。它要求 130 小时的课堂教学、五场考试以及一篇 3,000 字的研究论文。

其他人则采取一种较为随意的学习方式。费城一家律师事务所的 51 岁所有者兼管理合伙人詹妮弗·沃德(Jennifer Ward)多年来一直独立研究葡萄酒。每隔几个月,她会邀请同事和客户参加由她喜爱的索诺玛酒庄 Dutton-Goldfield 的教育者主持的虚拟“Wine Down”品酒会。

“葡萄酒有一种魔力,能让每个人都获得慢下来并建立联系的许可,”沃德说。“在开展业务往来时,你应该展现出真实的自我。”

纽约 Lownenstein Sandler 律师事务所的合伙人埃德·齐默曼(Ed Zimmerman)表示,对葡萄酒真正的热爱只能增强专业教育的效果。

齐默曼回忆起一次商务晚餐,他精心挑选了一瓶酒,并向在座的人讲述了这瓶酒对他而言为何具有特殊意义。他说,随后的对话变得更加私人化,为一场原本可能只是例行公事的活动注入了一种浸润在酒香中的同志情谊。

“你要找到志同道合的人,追求让你感兴趣的事物,”齐默曼说。“我从未打过高尔夫,以后也不会打。”

如何像老板一样点酒

想在商务晚餐中占据主导地位,但墙上还没有挂着葡萄酒学校的毕业证?这些技巧将帮助你展现出侍酒师的风范。

抛弃规则 你完全可以将白葡萄酒与牛肉搭配。选择高酸度、有质感的白葡萄酒,如干型雷司令(Riesling)、什南宁白(Chenin Blanc)或香槟。你也可以将红葡萄酒与鱼类搭配——选择单宁较低的轻盈红葡萄酒,如果味浓郁的博若莱(Beaujolais)或清爽的德国黑皮诺(Pinot Noir)。

数字游戏 Chang 表示,在决定点多少酒时,一般原则是每人每小时大约一杯。标准倾倒量为 5 盎司,因此两小时的晚餐每人至少需要半瓶酒。

金钱说话 侍酒师可能会询问拿着酒单的人打算花费多少钱。如果觉得大声回答不够得体,可以指向几个价格相当的选项。

有些人喜欢热辣 辛辣食物会让高酒精含量、单宁较高的红葡萄酒(如赤霞珠 Cabernet Sauvignon)尝起来发苦,并可能增强菜肴的辣味。相反,应选择酒精度较低的红葡萄酒,如格纳希(Grenache)或起泡的兰布鲁斯科(Lambrusco)。或者,点一杯干型桃红葡萄酒或像雷司令这样的白葡萄酒。

杯柄理论 无论何时拿起酒杯,请握住杯柄。用手托住杯身会加热葡萄酒,弄脏玻璃杯,并使酒液难以摇晃,从而难以释放那些能开启话题的香气。

美国网球公开赛官方装备供应商

奢华景观:从 Sherwood Inn 的场地眺望马斯科卡(Muskoka)的约瑟夫湖(Lake Joseph),这里也被称为“亿万富翁大道”。

电视上的加拿大“汉普顿”

安大略省的马斯科卡地区被誉为“北方的汉普顿”,得益于《Sterling Point》、《Heated Rivalry》和《Summer House Canada》等剧集,该地区正向新的观众群体展露其风采。

作者:ESTHER ZUCKERMAN

当你与人们谈论马斯科卡时——这个位于安大略省、距离多伦多几个小时车程、面积 2,500 平方英里的地区——他们往往会用到“神奇”这个词。面对一个拥有上千个湖泊、你可以骑着水上摩托车去上普拉提课的地方,还能用什么词来形容?

当《Sterling Point》的创作者 Megan Park 在该地区没有烧烤或享受篝火时,她喜欢访问这些地方。

这里长期以来一直是多伦多人的度假胜地,而这个跨境避暑地因出现在多部热门剧集中,已进入全球电视观众的视野。

马斯科卡是新剧《Sterling Point》的背景地,这部青少年剧集自本月初首播以来,已攀升至 Amazon Prime Video 排行榜榜首。热门 Bravo 真人秀的国际版《Summer House Canada》目前正在马斯科卡拍摄首季。在备受关注的同性冰球浪漫剧《Heated Rivalry》中,职业。

“这是一个充满临床式怀旧感、永恒且美丽的地方,每个人都希望能够回到那里,”电视剧《斯特林角》(Sterling Point)的创作者梅根·帕克(Megan Park)说道。

主角们逃到了一个所谓的“魁北克”度假屋,但实际上该屋位于马斯科卡(Muskoka)。

马斯科卡在荧幕上的频繁亮相,增强了人们对这个地方的兴趣,近期有些人开始将其称为“北方的汉普顿”。这种名声部分源于它与名人的关联:辛迪·克劳福德(Cindy Crawford)和兰德·格伯(Rande Gerber)在马斯科卡拥有房产,而布莱克·莱弗利(Blake Lively)与瑞安·雷诺兹(Ryan Reynolds)、维多利亚(Victoria)与大卫·贝克汉姆(David Beckham)等夫妇也被发现曾出现在那里。

马斯科卡的罗索湖(Lake Rosseau)和约瑟夫湖(Lake Joseph)岸边有时分别被称为“百万富翁大道”和“亿万富翁大道”。去年,丽思卡尔顿住宅(Ritz-Carlton Residences)在当地的另一个湖泊——贝斯湖(Lake of Bays)开业,起售价约为 $6.500 万。

加拿大租赁和房地产公司 Cottage Vacations 的总裁杰伊·卡茨夫(Jay Katzeff)表示,与去年同期相比,他看到明年夏天的预订量增长了 110%。卡茨夫补充说,一些客户将《斯特林角》列为他们想要预订马斯科卡房产的原因。

负责《激烈竞争》(Heated Rivalry)度假屋租赁管理的简·麦考(Jayne McCaw)表示,该房产在 2026. 剩余时间内的预订已几乎全部满员。该房产位于马斯科卡湖的沃克角(Walker’s Point)地区,今年早些时候曾出现在 Airbnb 的推广活动中。麦考表示,业主尚未开放 2027, 的预订。

《斯特林角》的故事设定在一个名为斯特林角的虚构马斯科卡岛上,拍摄地位于巴拉(Bala)和波特卡林(Port Carling)镇附近的马斯科卡湖、罗索湖和约瑟夫湖。该剧讲述了一名来自纽约的青少年安妮(Annie,由埃拉·鲁宾 Ella Rubin 饰演)在得知与她关系疏远的祖父去世并将土地遗赠给她后,前往加拿大的故事。

该剧的创作者梅根·帕克在安大略省的林赛(Lindsay)长大,经常与家人一起前往马斯科卡。“这是一个充满临床式怀旧感、永恒且美丽的地方

《激烈竞争》中男女主角逃往的“魁北克”度假屋实际上位于马斯科卡——如图上方和左侧所示。据该房产的一位经理称,该度假屋在今年剩余时间内的预订已几乎全部满员。下方为玛丽湖(Mary Lake),该地区 1,000 多个湖泊之一。

穆斯科卡热门地点

Jack & Stella:想要获得真正的穆斯科卡体验,就在这家位于安大略省巴拉(Bala)的店里买杯外带咖啡,但记得把车留在家里。“你可以乘船前往,”帕克(Park)说道,“我和女儿试过几次,真的非常酷。”

York & Mason:这家位于卡林港(Port Carling)的咖啡馆与同样可爱的罗索综合商店(Rosseau General Store)一样,是《斯特林角》(Sterling Point)中孩子们工作和聚集的“小宝石”(Little Gem)咖啡馆的灵感来源之一。

Beveragino:这家地中海餐厅拥有临水露台,是预订高级晚餐的理想之选。

“那是每个人都希望能够回去的地方,”帕克说道。她 2024 年由奥布瑞·普拉扎(Aubrey Plaza)主演的电影《我的老屁股》(My Old Ass)也将背景设定在该地区。

帕克表示,在向亚马逊(Amazon)高管推介《斯特林角》时,她使用了一段由在穆斯科卡拍摄的家庭录像拼接而成的宣传片。在重新观看这些录像时,她惊讶地发现该地区变得更加拥挤了。

“我们很难找到一座可以拍摄的老式度假屋,因为它们都被拆除了,到处都在建造超级豪宅,”帕克说。

《斯特林角》中的情节经常围绕着长期居住的当地人与富有的度假者之间的紧张关系展开。

帕克承认,她在剧集中对穆斯科卡的刻画可能会对其未来产生复杂的影响。

“我希望我们的剧集能以一种让人们在前往穆斯科卡并负责任地享受那里之美的方式来突出它的美,”她说。

一些了解穆斯科卡的观众则为《斯特林角》能够真实地展现这个地方而感到自豪。32 岁的梅根·温赖特(Meghan Wainwright)从小就在穆斯科卡度过夏天。

“穆斯科卡在剧集中占据如此重要的地位,比如他们会说‘我们要去罗索参加派对’,或者直接进入各个城镇的场所,这太真实了,”她说,“我认为将穆斯科卡推向大众视野并给予其应有的赞誉是非常酷的事情。”

和牛突破重围

接第 D1 页

一份 4 盎司的肋眼牛排,配以山葵,以及能够化解油脂腻感的酸味菜肴和腌制蔬菜——这一切改变了我的认知。肉质充满了牛肉的浓郁、奶油般的顺滑和鲜味,而没有其他牛排那种铁锈般的辛辣感。

由于国内外多种因素,和牛在全美变得更加普遍。在日本,随着和牛供应量的增加,日元贬值导致了供应过剩。在美国,日益增长的进口商网络使这种肉类变得更容易获得。从事批发销售的 Sakai 表示,近年来,他的和牛西冷牛排价格已从每磅 $65 降至 $41。

日本和牛的零售价通常在每磅 $100 至 $120 之间,但由于其口感浓郁,通常食用量较小。随着其他种类牛肉的价格处于历史高位,和牛具有更好的价值主张——而且随着夏末烧烤高峰期的到来以及赛事尾门派对季节的临近,尝试和牛的机会很多。

纽约洋基体育场供应的一款美国和牛汉堡。

为什么日本和牛如此特别

随着和牛的名声传遍全球,赋予这种肉类名称的日本牛曾被短暂地出口到美国和澳大利亚进行杂交,从而产生了带有和牛品牌的新品种,但并非所有品种都具备相同的独特品质。

“有些和牛会带来极其浓郁、强烈的体验,而有些和牛牛排则会让你疑惑:‘我不明白这有什么大不了的,因为它们和 Prime 级牛排非常相似,’”明火厨师 Pryles 说道,他使用了美国农业部(USDA)设定的金标准牛肉术语 Prime。

除了高端餐厅,和牛已成为体育场和快餐连锁店(包括 Arby's)的供应产品。

大理石花纹之事

与左上图所示的美国本土养殖牛牛肉不同,右上图的日本和牛由于脂肪含量高,其大理石花纹呈现出复杂的图案,从而营造出浓郁的奶油风味。

“这在很大程度上与‘和牛’这个名称的稀释有关。”

除了味道,日本和牛的独特之处还在于生产过程中极端的细致程度。牛只接受专门的、高度监管的护理,以及由大麦、玉米、苜蓿和米糠组成的昂贵饲料。这种严谨是和牛价格高昂的原因之一——并且由日本的一套国家系统进一步支撑,该系统通过 10 位数字代码,使每一头牛的出生日期、品种、原产农场和加工历史都可追溯。

A5 和牛的兴起 随着国内供应商继续增加在美国养殖的和牛产量,美国各类和牛市场已增长至 18 亿加元 billion,并有望在 2034 年前达到 30 亿加元 billion。除了高端餐厅,和牛已成为体育场和快餐连锁店的供应产品,包括 Arby's,该店以汉堡形式供应和牛。

为了将日本牛肉与在其他地方生产的和牛区分开来,日本肉类分级协会创建了 A5 标签,该标签仅授予最高质量的日本切割部位。

“分级是由外观定义的,”进口商 Sakai 说道。“A5 和牛的脂肪更多,你可以从内部的大理石花纹中看出。这就是决定最高等级的标准。”

许多地方——包括 Arby's——并没有使用 A5 和牛。但其他几家餐厅在使用。美国连锁店 Fleming's Prime Steakhouse 和 STK Steakhouse 在桌边煎制 A5 切块。纽约市的 Yakiniku Great 和达拉斯的 Jo'Seon Wagyu 这两家日本牛排馆提供 A5 和牛 omakase(主厨精选)晚餐。你甚至可以在迪士尼世界找到 A5 牛肉,以握寿司的形式呈现。

在Costco,3磅A5级西冷牛排售价为$349,该零售商在部分门店及线上销售此款牛肉。另一家A5级牛肉在线卖家The Wagyu Shop提供一个包含五种不同部位的礼盒,售价为$349。快速增长的亚洲超市连锁店Mitsuwa Marketplace销售适合火锅用的A5级薄切片包装,每磅售价$120。

最近,我在纽约市附近的一家精品肉铺发现了A5级和牛西冷腰肉,我花$64买了一块半磅重的肉,足够两人食用。在回家路上,我像呵护法贝热蛋一样小心翼翼地抱着它,甚至想写一首十四行诗。但最后我决定还是做顿晚餐。

如何烹饪和牛 为了准备这块牛肉,我采用了和牛专家的睿智建议:使用不锈钢锅,在高温下快速烹饪,仅用盐调味,并搭配山葵和酱油。

纽约市和牛Omakase餐厅Yakiniku Great的执行主厨Shoji Tsugawa以及我采访的其他人士

牛肉盛宴 (图片说明)从顶部起顺时针方向:一碗配有米饭和海胆的A5级和牛牛排;配有海胆和葱花的日本和牛牛排;以及正在准备中的日本和牛牛排。这里的主角是牛肉,所以请给予它足够的尊重——使用不锈钢锅在高温下快速烹饪。而且不需要黄油(令人震惊!),也不需要任何异域风味的腌料。仅用盐调味,搭配山葵和酱油,然后准备好对其大加赞赏。

建议在烹饪前约30分钟将牛肉从冰箱中取出。

“这样可以让牛肉在保持内部湿润的同时,快速形成浓郁的焦褐外壳,”Tsugawa说道。

由于脂肪含量高,A5级和牛烹饪速度很快;将肉放在锅中心,以三分熟(medium-rare)为目标进行烹饪是一个不错的方法。和牛本身自带风味,因此不要使用过重或过于异域的调料,只需使用少许橄榄油或中性烹饪油即可。“不需要黄油,”Tsugawa说。

Sakai和Tsugawa强调,山葵的辛辣和酱油的咸鲜复杂感是和牛的绝佳补充。“在品尝和牛时,山葵一直是我最好的伙伴,”Sakai说。“山葵带来的那种冲击感能化解油腻。”

Costco销售的和牛,3磅A5级西冷牛排售价$349。

旭日东升 8月12日日食期间,全食掩盖消失、太阳重新出现的一刻。

在“日食追逐者”中感受敬畏

为了天文事件而环球旅行看起来可能简直是疯了——直到你品尝过追逐日食这个令人上瘾的世界。

作者:帕梅拉·保罗(PAMELA PAUL)

日食曾被视为末日的预兆,而现在,它无疑成了一种古怪的度假日程规划方式。

为了追求一次宇宙级的巧合——即月球(体积比太阳小 400 倍)在距离地球近 400 倍的位置上横跨太阳的罕见时刻——而奔波于全球各地,需要投入大量的时间、金钱和热情。这意味着你要前往那些你可能从未想过要去的地方,有时是在一年中最糟糕的时节,而且还没有保证这场壮观的景象不会被雨水毁掉。对于不了解的人来说,这看起来简直是疯了。

而我现在就成了这些疯子之一。这就是为什么我在 8 月 12 出现在西班牙的莱昂(León)。

我的转变发生在 2017, 在怀俄明州卡斯珀(Casper)。我看着近正午的太阳使天空变暗,而一圈光晕沿着遥远地平线的圆周延伸——那是从全食区之外窥见的 360 度日光。

明年再见

鸟儿安静了。狗吠过之后也沉默了。人们先是微笑,然后惊叹,有些人的脸上流着泪。聚集在一起的人们之间有一种明显的统一目标感。

其结果是一种世俗的超越感,一种每个人都仰望天空、集体被吸引的共同体验。我立刻意识到,不再见证这样的景象是不可能的。

如今,得益于天文学和现代航空旅行,日全食成了人们可以围绕其规划生活的事情。虽然我没能飞往智利观看 2019, 的日食,但我去了 2024 的纽约州布法罗(Buffalo),然后去了莱昂。

最近这次是我第三次忍受追逐日食带来的高昂费用和不便。在天文游客的世界里,日偏食几乎不被记录在册,错过一年感觉就像是一种失职,而这让我显得像个业余爱好者。

“我们是日食追逐者,”来自曼哈顿上西区的前火箭科学家、84, 岁的洛林·惠特曼·切克(Lorraine Whitman Check)在被问到是什么让她和她 90 岁的丈夫在热浪袭来、烈日灼人的莱昂相聚时告诉我。她看到的第一次日食是在 2006 年土耳其卡帕多奇亚的一个洞穴中,那次经历让惠特曼·切克过度换气,让她丈夫落泪。他们从此深陷其中。

“那是辉煌的,”已经经历过五次日食的惠特曼·切克说。“对我来说,日食有一种神圣感。它是我并不信仰的上帝的面孔。”

下一次日食将在 8 月 2, 2027, 发生,看起来将是一场大戏。届时月球将处于距离地球最近的点附近,导致北非地区出现异常长久的食甚时间。它被冠以“世纪之食”的称号。

地点,地点 根据你的优先级,有多种选择。在埃及,预计食甚将持续 6 分钟以上。在摩洛哥的丹吉尔,天气晴朗的概率很高——而且你在观看结束后会有很多远足选择,比如传奇的赫拉克勒斯洞穴。或者,留在欧洲,在俯瞰地中海的直布罗陀岩石上观看,那里预计会有 4 分钟以上的食甚。

立即预订 酒店正在迅速填满,有组织的旅行团也是如此,例如国家地理(National Geographic)的一场从直布罗陀海峡观看日食的邮轮之旅(价格约 $27,000 起)。Sirius Travel 正在组织一场尼罗河邮轮之旅,价格约 $7,300, 起,行程以在古城卢克索观看日食结束。

埃及卢克索是 2027 “世纪之食”的绝佳地点。 “那是辉煌的,”一位 8 月 12 经历的见证者说。“对我来说,日食有一种神圣感。它是我并不信仰的上帝的面孔。”

而海啸、飓风和龙卷风等重大地球现象不可避免地伴随着灾难,但其天体对应物(流星雨、月食、北极光)则能激发纯粹的、令人心驰神往的敬畏感。日食发生在我们的星球之外。从定义上讲,它是超凡脱俗的。

我今年观看日食的视野是位于莱昂(León)市外 45 分钟车程的米拉多尔-德-拉斯-洛马斯(Mirador de Las Lomas)悬崖,在那里,寻求观赏者排成的长队沿着悬崖向两个方向蜿蜒。和其他人一样,我是通过 Reddit 论坛讨论各个观测点的优势(视野开阔无树、背景合适、可步行到达)而选定此地的。那天下午在镇上,人们描述了在日食前夕占据不同地点的经历。我的同伴们来自苏格兰、法国、澳大利亚和美国。

莱昂是神圣的圣雅各之路(Camino de Santiago)上的一个重要停靠点,但这次日食构成了一种不同类型的朝圣。

随后,在蜿蜒而下的山路中,我遇到了 36 岁的前空军成员亚历克斯·豪斯(Alex House)。他和 30 岁的消防员奥利维亚·沃克(Olivia Walker)从犹他州的克利尔菲尔德(Clearfield)来到莱昂。两人都处于极度兴奋之中,渴望分享他们第一次观看日食的故事。

“你看到那个钻石环了吗?”在全食的闪耀日冕消失、太阳重新出现的一瞬间,豪斯问沃克。是的,她回答道。

“你想再看一个吗?”他接着说,从口袋里掏出一枚戒指。是的,再次答应。

“她答应了!”豪斯向聚集的围观者大喊。人们爆发出了欢呼和掌声;日食结束时,他们再次欢呼;一小时后太阳下山,古铜色的赭黄光芒照亮了莱昂的大教堂,他们又一次欢呼起来。这是一场感激之情的倾泻。

这种感觉是任何阴云都无法完全驱散的。两年前,在布法罗(Buffalo)。

凡间重大的自然现象往往伴随着灾难,而天象的奇观则能激发令人心驰神往的敬畏之情。

我与一大群人聚集在一家公共公园里,当日食到来时,我们所有人都在大声地祈求自然之神,但结果却被云层遮蔽了。即便如此,我们在那一刻依然共同感受到了一种虔诚。

对于某些人来说,不可预测性反而增强了戏剧感。

“当你对云层感到如此焦虑时,这种体验会变得更加刺激,”来自宾夕法尼亚州兰斯当(Lansdowne)的 77 岁退休天文学家埃利奥特·博格曼(Elliot Borgman)在 8 月日食次日的早餐时间告诉我。他说,这是他经历的第 21 次日食,其中 17 次是“成功的”,并补充说,莱昂(Léon)的晴朗天气让最近这一次几乎太容易了。但每一次都值得。

他的第一次是在 1991 年在墨西哥的波多瓦亚塔(Puerto Vallarta)。博格曼说,在那之后,“就像大多数看过日食的人一样,我想:‘我的天,下一次是什么时候?’”

新娘也赚钱

随着婚礼开支增加,新娘们正借鉴网红的套路,寻找赞助商来支付庆典费用

BY CHAVIE LIEBER

几个月前,麦高文(McGowan)在卧室试穿婚纱时,决定在 TikTok 上分享她的选择。

麦高文是新泽西州一名 29 岁的营销专业人士,她当时只有大约 2,000 名粉丝,但却获得了数百万次的观看量。这种影响力让她产生了一个疑问:即使没有庞大的社交媒体粉丝群,她能否将这种病毒式传播转化为金钱,以帮助支付婚礼费用?

答案是肯定的。

此后,麦高文协商达成了多项赞助协议,以抵消她计划于 2027 年 6 月在新泽西州一座豪宅举行的婚礼成本。她目前在 TikTok 上的粉丝数已接近 16,000 人。她获得了一些商品的折扣(如蜡烛),而其他商品——包括邀请函、伴娘裙、伴郎礼服,甚至她的婚纱——则是免费的。

根据美国银行研究所(Bank of America Institute)最近的一项研究,今年上半年的婚礼支出比去年增长了 8.5%,部分原因是通货膨胀和关税推高了鲜花和酒类成本。根据一项涉及婚礼策划平台 The Knot 超过 10,000 对夫妇的研究,去年一场婚礼的平均成本为 $34,200。该研究还报告称,31% 的参与者寻求财务

“我不想在婚礼当天感谢第一资本,”一位新娘在谈到保持真实时说道。

寻求家人的支持,或者通过信用卡或贷款。

借鉴名人影响者的策略,像麦高文(McGowan)这样并非社交媒体名人的新娘们,正通过接受付费品牌合作来将她们的大日子以及之前的筹备活动变现。

“这个领域非常吃香,”麦高文在谈到婚礼内容时说道,在充斥社交媒体动态之前,这类内容曾填满了许多整本的杂志。“所以,我当然要利用这一点。”作为在社交媒体账号发布帖子的交换,麦高文让 The Knot 承担了邀请函的费用,并由底特律的 CBTK Bridal 提供了婚纱——该店主、婚纱设计师塔库兹瓦·奇杜马(Takudzwa Chiduma)在 TikTok 上看到她后主动联系了她。麦高文表示,她这样省下了数千美元。

Adriana Fernandez 的单身派对由时尚品牌 Yakira Bella 赞助,并在该品牌创始人的家中举行。

其他获得赞助的新娘则由 Bombay Sapphire 支付单身派对上的乘船和酒精饮料费用。盖璞(Gap)曾付费让准新娘在订婚派对上穿着其礼服。Liquid IV 则付费将其产品放入伴娘礼品袋中。作为回报,新娘们(因为这一趋势通常适用于她们)需要完成“交付物”,这主要意味着在网上推广公司并披露其付费合作身份。

“这是最有效的营销方式,”婚礼规划平台 Zola 的首席营销官布里安娜·塞弗森(Briana Severson)表示,该平台为合作支付给新娘的费用最高可达 $150,000。塞弗森补充道,当一对新人宣布订婚时,“就像他们竖起了一块巨大的广告牌。”新娘的粉丝越多,婚礼的获利空间就越大。

来自印第安纳波利斯、拥有约 3,000 名 Instagram 粉丝的 25 岁新娘娜奥米·海格(Naomi Hege),通过在平台上发布关于其婚礼网站的帖子,获得了 Zola 支付的一张 $350 的支票。

在印第安纳步行者队从事销售工作的海格于 8 月 21. 结婚。她表示,一家当地的美甲店和脱毛店也向她支付了费用——每篇帖子 $600——用于与她婚礼相关的推广。“每一笔我拿到的合作资金都将用于婚礼,”海格说。“之后,这些钱将用于买房。”

但她并没有抓住每一个机会。海格说,有一家 GLP-1 公司联系了她,但她没有回复。“你不想让自己显得不真实,”海格说。“比如,我不想在婚礼当天感谢第一资本(Capital One)。”

今年早些时候,在纽约市拥有 180 万 TikTok 粉丝的 29 岁影响者布里吉特·菲隆·麦克海尔(Brigette Pheloung McHale)提高了赞助单身派对的标准。麦克海尔 4 月份活动获得的免费项目包括由销售 AI 智能镜子的公司 Swan Beauty 提供的 1 架私人飞机和圣巴特岛的一栋别墅。

在今年 6 月的婚礼上,杰德·米切尔·克莱德(Jade Mitchell Clyde)利用其约 158,000 名 Instagram 粉丝的影响力,获得了文具公司 Minted 和高级珠宝零售商 Brilliant Earth 的赞助。这位 27 岁的洛杉矶影响者表示,根据合作时长和帖子类型的不同,她向品牌收取的合作费用在 $3,000 到 $30,000 之间。

她说了“我愿意”:上图及左图的影响者布里吉特·菲隆·麦克海尔(Brigette Pheloung McHale)让欧莱雅(L'Oréal)为其婚礼相关的推广帖子付费,并提高了赞助单身派对的标准,获得了 Swan Beauty 提供的私人飞机飞行体验。

除了免费的私人飞机,像 McHale 这样拥有庞大粉丝群的网红在品牌合作中可以获得 50,000 美元至 150,000 美元不等的报酬。付费出现在 McHale 部分婚礼内容中的品牌包括化妆品公司欧莱雅(L'Oréal)、Essie 以及 Poppi 汽水。McHale 也没有错过推广其新兴时尚品牌 Phe Phe 新推出的新娘家居服系列的机会。

Swan Beauty 的首席执行官兼联合创始人 Colby Mitchell 表示,她在单身派对期间推广 Swan Beauty 的帖子为公司带来了曝光度和新业务。Mitchell 通过家族关系为 McHale 提供了私人飞机,他说道:“整个周末就像一场真人秀。”

但那些无法提供私人飞机的企业主也同样愿意在准新娘身上投入。端庄时尚品牌 Yakira Bella 的创始人 Emily Gerszberg 最近投入了 50,000 美元的公司资金,用于 Adriana Fernandez 的单身派对;Fernandez 在 TikTok 上发布关于犹太文化的内容,拥有约 107,000 名粉丝。

Gerszberg 表示,Fernandez 的许多粉丝正是 Yakira Bella 的目标客户。此外,她还暂时让家人搬离了位于新泽西州英格尔伍德(Englewood, N.J.)的一栋拥有 8 间卧室的房子,以便将其用作活动场地

粉丝换礼遇

新娘的粉丝数量及其获得的部分款项或免费赠品清单

3,000 每篇社交媒体帖子获得 $350 to $600

16,000 免费婚纱、邀请函、伴娘礼服和伴郎礼服

107,000 $50,000 toward a bachelorette party

1.8M 免费私人飞机及圣巴特岛别墅用于单身派对

用于费尔南德斯的派对。格什伯格补充道,这位准新娘关于网球、游泳、获赠衣物和餐饮的周末动态,为 Yakira Bella 带来了更多的电商销售额和社交媒体粉丝。

费尔南德斯,29, 表示,她为 8 月下旬在纽泽西州举行的婚礼争取到了其他免费赠品,包括新娘发型与妆容、一件定制礼服以及一件零售价约为 $10,000. 的假发。即便如此,她表示这次活动并不能让她获利。

“我认为人们没有意识到——即使你获得了一些赞助,婚礼依然贵得惊人,”费尔南德斯说道。

新婚的杰德·米切尔·克莱德(Jade Mitchell Clyde)在社交媒体合作中收取 $3,000 to $30,000 的费用。

阿莱西亚·麦戈文(Arlesia McGowan)正在试穿由设计师塔库兹瓦·奇杜马(Takudzwa Chiduma,左图)赠送的定制婚纱。奇杜马在 TikTok 上看到麦戈文后主动联系了她。

RUMBLE SEAT

让新款 Model Y 带你领略一番

面对竞争对手日益激烈的挑战,特斯拉更新后的 Model Y 依靠精通街头实战的全自动驾驶(FSD)软件来维持竞争优势

Y 的内饰设计极简,大多数控制和选择按钮都集成在中央触摸屏中。

作者:丹·尼尔 (DAN NEIL)

我很抱歉。对不起,我迟到了。我等了一年才等到特斯拉给我寄来一台 2026 款 Y——也就是这款全球畅销车型所谓的“Juniper”更新版。我终于明白这意味着什么了。

我们的试驾车是一辆勤恳且维护良好的 Y Premium 后轮驱动版,我是通过点对点汽车共享平台 Turo 租到的。至关重要的一点是,这辆车配备了特斯拉的全自动驾驶(FSD)系统,运行的是最新的 Version 14 软件——这是一个基于特斯拉海量用户生成视频训练而成的 AI 实体。我们稍后将与其接触。

六年前,我宣布初代 Y 是世界上最好的车,而全世界也认同这一点。这款家庭尺寸的四门掀背车在 2023 年至 2025 年的三年期间,领跑全球所有乘用车的销量。我的影响力就是这么大。

然而最近,来自中国和欧洲竞争对手的产品在许多基础指标上已经超越了 Y。例如,基于 Neue Klasse 打造的宝马 iX3,根据配置不同,其声称的续航里程最高可达 434 英里——比同级别的 Y 多出多达 140 英里。宝马还拥有充电速度更快的 800V 标称电压电气架构;而 Y 仍维持 400V 系统。 Y 的充电功率最高为 250 kW,而目前大多数快充网络最高可支持 350 kW。

因此,尽管 Y 在许多方面是更好的机器——更强、更轻、更智能、更高效——但问题是,这足够吗?我的结论是:如果没有 FSD,它就不够。

Y 的卖点始于一个完全合理的定价。Premium 后轮驱动版的起售价现在为 $45,490,比第一代的价格点 43,450 低了几千美元。

外观一直不是它的强项,但这次通过重新设计的前脸进行了翻新,在侧标志灯 / 转向灯组件之间加入了一根横向灯带。更新后的尾灯组件和后备箱盖处理让车尾显得更加高级。请注意,入门级 Y 保留了之前那种像“愤怒的鲶鱼”一样的脸,适合你生活中那些忧郁的鱼类学家。

坐在北卡罗来纳州夏洛特-道格拉斯国际机场的驾驶席上,我试图回想如何让这些车开起来。 Y 的人机界面没有典型的换挡杆。主方向选择器 / 指示器位于中央触摸屏的左上角。如果主屏幕失效,隐藏在车顶内衬中的备用换挡选择器将会亮起。

不过,在大多数情况下, Y 的感知能力足以让它知道你是想前进还是后退。你甚至不需要启动它。

我松开刹车,车辆轻轻地从停车位后退。我再次停止,它自动选择了 D 档(前进)。我踩下加速踏板,我们就出发了。

特斯拉在人机工程学上的极简主义方法并非没有反对者。中国监管机构已对某些与安全相关的车辆功能(如车窗和车门)仅通过屏幕控制的方式提出了异议。我注意到 Y 保留了传统的转向灯拨杆,而之前的设计(如 Cybertruck)将转向灯控制器放在了方向盘上。

中央触摸屏现在为 16 英寸,比之前略大,采用了分辨率更高的 QHD 触摸显示屏。后排乘客拥有一个 8 英寸的独立屏幕用于调节各项设置。当然, Y 的连接性极强,配备了蜂窝数据、Wi-Fi、超宽带和蓝牙。它甚至拥有 FM 广播(基础配置除外)。

它不提供 Apple CarPlay 或 Android Auto。我知道很多购车者认为这是一个足以导致放弃购买的缺陷。我也理解对熟悉事物的依赖感。即便如此,特斯拉自有的数字环境运行流畅,外观精美,且响应极快,快到你还没来得及滑动屏幕它就已完成操作。

当我还在摆弄控制面板时,不小心启动了 FSD(全自动驾驶)的路线跟随功能。瞬间,车辆识别出了“家”的位置并接管了方向盘,干脆利落地向右并线,驶入 77 号州际公路北行的出口。那种感觉就像是被绑架了一样。

查看显示屏后,我意识到 FSD 正按照预设路线将我带往车主的家中。最新版本提供了五种驾驶模式:树懒(Sloth)、冷静(Chill)、标准(Standard)、匆忙(Hurry)和疯狂麦克斯(Mad Max)。我们的车被设为了“匆忙”模式,它确实做到了——在州际公路的车流中左右穿梭,仿佛我快要错过自己的婚礼一样。为了避免不请自来地出现在车主门前,我靠边停车,将目的地重新设置为约 25 英里外的一家高尔夫球场。我按下 按钮,然后……就这样……放手了。

放手很难。毕竟,我是一名出色的驾驶员,查理。我与 的较量就像卡斯帕罗夫对阵深蓝(Deep Blue)。当车辆驶出购物中心停车场,在一个标识不清的四向停止路口与驶入的车辆短暂交锋时,我屏住了呼吸。随后——以一种我可以称之为“自信”的、像人类一样流畅的方式—— 加速前进,跨越两条车道以预判远方的汇入车流,将我们带入了快车道。干得漂亮。

信任并非瞬间建立。在最初的半小时左右,我在交叉路口和汇入车道时会下意识地将脚放在刹车踏板上,准备在方向盘后的这个“超级智能”做出愚蠢行为时立即介入。这感觉有点像以前那种人们向后倒在他人怀中的团队建设活动,只不过这次涉及的是 4,000 磅重的车辆。

但随着里程的增加, 开始赢得我的信任。在高峰时段州际公路如同白水一样湍急的车流中, 维持位置的表现堪称完美:制动距离、跟车距离、车道居中,以及加速、转向和制动的梯度,全部呈现为平滑连续的线性函数。 开车至少和我高中时期的驾驶教育老师韦斯塔尔教练(Coach Vestal)一样好。

Model Y 的感知能力如此之强,以至于它知道你是想前进还是后退。你甚至不需要启动它。

在前往高尔夫球场之后,我又输入了几个目的地——萨伦伯格航空博物馆(Sullenberger Aviation Museum)、市中心的奥姆尼酒店(Omni Hotel)——然后悠闲地坐着,让车辆应对交通状况。我经常注意到 的宽容度,它与其他驾驶员之间自发的协作,以及在面对鲁莽行为时所展现出的情绪成熟度。真是太有社会性了。

到第二个小时结束时——其中一部分时间花在穿过网格状街道以避开一起事故——我被迷住了。 太神奇了。我承认我只是一个样本量为一的个体,所依据的证据极其匮乏。尽管如此,好的驾驶技巧我一眼就能认出来。

我也理解为什么特斯拉买家愿意为 额外支付数千美元。至少之前是这样,特斯拉最近宣布,最新版本的 将仅通过订阅方式提供,每月收费 $99。这看起来并不怎么“超级智能”。特斯拉刚刚把 Model Y 最出色的部分变成了可选配置。

也许这些条款会改变。如果改变,我会等待。

2026 TESLA MODEL Y PREMIUM RWD

基础价格 $45,490 测试车价格 $49,130 动力系统 全电动;后置永磁电机;(预计)75-kWh 锂离子电池;后轮驱动

系统净功率 / 扭矩 295 hp / 325 lb-ft

长度 / 轴距 / 宽度 / 高度 188.6 / 113.8 / 83.8 / 63 英寸 整备质量 4,184 磅 0-60 mph 加速 5.4 秒 EPA 续航里程 357 英里 货运空间 76 立方英尺

报纸报道

旅行

© 2026 道琼斯公司。保留所有权利。

《华尔街日报》

* * * *

周六 / 周日,August 29 - 30, 2026 / R1

远离家园的好处

忘掉“居家度假”吧。

研究表明,与留在家里相比,旅行能更有效地增强抗压能力,提升认知健康并预防抑郁。

作者:海蒂·米切尔 (HEIDI MITCHELL)

下次当你预订前往某个遥远城市的行程时,不要只把它当作一次度假。把它当作一种预防性药物。

越来越多的研究表明,旅行不仅仅是一种奢侈或逃避。它可能是一种改善心理健康的合法工具,科学家们才刚刚开始了解其效果。

研究人员表示,离开我们习惯的环境旅行,会让大脑接触到新颖的体验,这比日常琐事需要更高程度的精神参与。在家里,大脑基本上处于“定速巡航”状态:我们被动地挑选衣服,走同样的通勤路线,在同一个办公室与同样的人共事,并做出相对——请参阅第 R2 页

在哪里寻找无需经验的极限户外冒险

犹他州的摩押(Moab)和意大利的多洛米蒂山脉(Dolomites)等地的导向型冒险活动,包括从悬崖上荡绳索秋千和双人滑翔伞。

作者:布里吉德·曼德 (BRIGID MANDER)

在我右侧八英尺处,是一座 1,000 英尺高的悬崖,向下俯瞰是犹他州摩押市外广袤的荒漠全景。我尽量不去直视它,而是将目光紧盯着岩石小径和同伴自行车的后轮,我们正沿着“Whole Enchilada”下降——这是摩押最著名的极限自行车下降路线之一。

虽然沿着悬崖疾驰的感觉令人肾上腺素激增,但事实证明,在摩押目前的标准下,我们的空中骑行还算温和。在那里,诸如系着 400 英尺长的绳索秋千从悬崖上跳下,以及在狭窄的尼龙或涤纶织带上跨越峡谷(称为高空走绳 / highlining)等活动,吸引了各种想要考验勇气的人。

请参阅第 R6 页

新西兰的一次 NZone 潜水。

目录

海鹦之恋 这些可爱且色彩鲜艳的鸟类可能难以寻觅,但缅因州的游客们对它们痴迷不已。R4

欢乐与挑战 人们如何陪伴患有认知障碍症的人一起旅行。R5

未被发掘的热那亚 热那亚曾是威尼斯的竞争对手,也是世界金融之都,如今作为旅游目的地再次崛起。R7

我在西班牙行走 500 英里

作者完成了圣雅各之路(Camino de Santiago),以寻找她生活的方向。R9

扫描此代码,了解在拉斯维加斯维持自助餐模式的孤独抗争。

旅行处方:研究表明,外出旅行有助于心理健康

(接 R1 页)少数几个新决定。而旅行则强迫人们面对相反的情况——新的食物、新的街道、新的人群、新的决定——这种摩擦正是建立自信、增强记忆并带给我们满足感的东西,从而提升认知健康。

目前还没有医生开出“去葡萄牙度假一周”的处方(至少现在还没有!),但相关证据正在不断增加。一项对近期旅行研究的综述发现,度假带来的心理益处(如情绪改善和睡眠提升)在你回到办公桌的那一刻并不会立即消失。即便只是对旅行的期待,也会让你在面对家庭、健康和财务状况时,比没有旅行计划时感到更快乐。

同样,一项针对 30 年间 55 场对照临床试验(涉及 4,400 多名参与者)的元分析发现,构成一次优质度假的相同要素——无论是被动的、平静的活动(如亲近自然),还是主动的消遣(如徒步旅行)——都对我们的心理健康有益。

什么样的旅行帮助最大——以及为什么?研究人员正开始寻找这些问题的答案。

韧性能够持久

韧性能够持久 根据澳大利亚昆士兰阳光海岸大学副教授罗里·马尔卡希(Rory Mulcahy)的新研究,旅行通过一种类似于链式反应的方式改善心理健康。马尔卡希发现,旅行首先会产生一阵幸福感,随后这种感觉会构建起“心理韧性”——即应对压力、适应挑战并从挫折中恢复的能力。虽然度假后的光彩通常在行李箱拆开后就会消退,但韧性却能持久存在。

此外,韧性的建立并不需要一次精心策划的旅行。马尔卡希的研究发现,即便只是在远离家乡的地方过夜一次,这种效果就会产生。一项相关研究发现,与单纯留在家里的人相比,无论去哪里旅行的人在旅行归来后,在标准幸福感量表上的得分大约高出 $15%。马尔卡希的研究以及其他研究表明,旅行后的亢奋状态最高可维持四个月。

马尔卡希表示,面临危机级压力的人从旅行的韧性构建效果中获益最多,但即使是被中度工作压力或家庭紧张关系所耗尽的人也能从中受益。“如果你一直在推迟下一次假期,”他说,“那么将其列为优先事项是值得的,哪怕只有一天。”

走得越远越好

远离喧嚣一天是好事;而登上飞机走得更远则更好。印第安纳大学公共卫生学院教授舒·科尔(Shu Cole)的研究一致表明,人们走得越远,报告感到抑郁或孤独的可能性就越低。

在 2024 年一项基于 50 岁以上成年人全国调查的研究中,科尔根据受访者在过去一年中的旅行距离将其分为四组:完全没有进行休闲旅行的人、仅限于当地或区域内一日游的人、在美国国内旅行的人,以及进行国际旅行的人。

国际旅行者报告的抑郁症状最少,孤独感最低;国内旅行者紧随其后,位列第二;一日游者排在第三;而完全没有旅行的人在这两个方面的得分最低。(为了确保并非只有那些原本就精神矍铄、乐观积极的人才会预订出国旅行,科尔在六年之后对同一组人进行了随访,结果依然成立。)

“长途旅行,尤其是前往陌生目的地,通常需要规划、导航并适应新环境,所有这些都比前往熟悉或附近的地方涉及更多的决策和问题解决,”科尔说道。她表示,在火车上与陌生人攀谈,或与同伴一起在外国城市中穿行,可以提供精神刺激,有助于维持认知健康,并建立起防御机制,以对抗老年人中经常固化为抑郁的孤独感。

科尔并不认为旅行是心理健康问题的万灵药,但她认为旅行应该与医生告诉老年患者需要优先考虑的其他事项放在一起讨论。“保持积极的旅行生活方式可能是健康老龄化的一个重要组成部分,”她说。

增加难度

度假产业几十年来一直将“放松”作为产品来销售,但一项对 125 项研究的综合回顾表明,旅行者可能忽略了每次旅行中其实都存在的东西:难度。

阿姆斯特丹大学心理学讲师颜南希(Nanxi Yan)及其同事发现,“掌控感”(mastery),即用匹配的技能应对真实挑战所获得的奖励,反复出现为持久心理健康收益的驱动因素。

他们的其中一项研究追踪了登山者,发现完全沉浸在一项完成得很好的艰巨任务中与幸福感直接相关。新奇感产生了类似的效果:尝试在家里无法进行之活动的旅行者,比那些坚持常规活动的人报告了更多的情绪平衡。

颜的研究结果表明,虽然在泳池边度过一周可以让人放松,但旅行者可以考虑安排至少一项需要真实技能的活动——比如烹饪课、艰苦的徒步旅行或学习足够的语言以在食品市场穿行——从而获得更持久的心理健康奖励。

新研究表明,旅行不仅仅是一种逃避。它还可能是一种改善心理健康的工具,其效果科学家们才刚刚开始理解。

在太浩湖(Lake Tahoe)的部分资助下,由其旅游局提供,派遣参与者去徒步、划皮划艇并单纯欣赏风景。他的初步结果是:在风景中静坐两分钟后,参与者报告的敬畏感提升了 70%,幸福感增加了 33%,皮夫(Piff)表示,这一模式在许多地点和各类自然体验中都成立。

皮夫说,敬畏感充当了“一个人生活中幸福感、意义感、目标感和社会连接感的主要驱动力”,部分原因是它能让一个人客观地看待自己的大问题,使其显得更小。“敬畏感将人们连接在一起

敬畏之奇

新研究表明,敬畏感——研究人员将其定义为在面对超越我们对世界认知的宏大事物时,通常产生的一种积极感受——理应在旅行带来的心理健康益处清单中占据一席之地。

加州大学欧文分校的心理学副教授保罗·皮夫(Paul Piff)一直在进行实地实验,(旨在让人们意识到)他们是更宏大整体的一部分,“比如自然界、宇宙以及所有生物,”他说道。

他的研究结果与此前的一项研究相呼应,该研究将瞬间的敬畏感与日常压力的减轻以及长期的生活满意度提升联系在一起。在皮夫看来,旅行是传递敬畏感的一种高效方式。“欧洲的大教堂能做到这一点。希腊的遗迹能做到这一点。在泰国夜市吃的一顿饭或许也能做到这一点,”他表示。

德克萨斯 A&M 大学酒店、酒店管理与旅游系的教授、旅游业资深人士詹姆斯·佩特里克(James Petrick)一直在研究心理学家所称的“存在真实性”(existential authenticity)——本质上,就是表现得像你真实的样子,而不是他人期望中的那个版本。

真实的自我

身处一个没有人认识你的地方,往往会有一种解脱感,研究人员认为这也能增强心理健康。

佩特里克基于对 66 位邮轮乘客的访谈开展研究(他表示该研究即将发表),结果发现,与日常生活相比,旅行更容易让人展现真实的自我,这在很大程度上是因为身处陌生环境剥离了人们在家里扮演的角色。他访谈的许多乘客表示,在船上时,他们感到从惯常的社会角色中解脱了出来。在家里,这些角色承载着各种期望(例如“我必须像个父亲那样表现!”),迫使人们顺从于他人期望,而不是做自己。

追随自己的欲望可能会让人觉得自私,但佩特里克的访谈表明,一次涉及旅行的行程是人们少数几次让自己解脱(包括摆脱愧疚感)的机会之一。他举了自己最近一次旅行的例子:无需携带工作,无需带着孩子,不需要扮演老板或员工的角色。

“我为自己和妻子做了一些‘自私’的事情,”他说道,“我们脱掉了那些角色,为自己扮演了一个角色。”

最终,也许这就是为什么最好的旅行不仅仅是改变我们的风景,更是改变了我们。

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为什么数千人涌向缅因州寻找难以觅踪的海鹦

左上图,参加阿卡迪亚海鹦巡航(Acadia Puffin Cruise)的乘客。大西洋海鹦色彩斑斓,且似乎拥有独特的个性。

作者:肯·威尔斯(KEN WELLS) 缅因州,斯图本

在人们曾嗤之以鼻的救援计划实施五十年后,一个繁荣的生态旅游经济已然腾飞。

经过 20 分钟在鸽山湾(Pigeon Hill Bay)风力强劲、呈青蓝色的波涛中疾行,我们的目标出现了。从我们这艘 40 英尺长的游船船尾用肉眼观察,在不安的波涛中起伏的深色斑点看起来并不起眼。但通过导游分发给 23 名乘客的高倍望远镜,这些生物展现出了它们娇小而辉煌的全貌。

海鹦。

大西洋海鹦是海洋中的“哈利奎因”(色彩斑斓者),像雨林中的鹦鹉一样绚丽——黑色的背部,白色的腹部,四色喙,以及亮橙色的脚和腿。再加上白色脸颊上镶嵌着深黑瞳孔的橙圈眼睛,一条帅气的黑色眼下线,以及一个光彩夺目的圆形橙色喙铰链,海鹦看起来就像是由一位天才马戏团化妆师创造出来的生物。

这些大胆且色彩鲜艳的鸟类在每年夏天吸引数千名游客来到缅因州沿海。在该州的中海岸(Midcoast)和东海岸(Downeast)地区,大约有十几个旅游运营商纷纷涌现,以服务于迅速增长的海鹦巡航业务。

“海鹦可爱且色彩丰富,毫无疑问,这是吸引力的一部分,”缅因州卡特勒(Cutler)巡航运营商 Bold Coast Charter 的所有者勒妮·帕特森(Renee Patterson)说道,“它们还很有个性。”

寻找海鹦的挑战增加了它们的魅力:就像缅因州另一个上镜的野生动物标志——驼鹿一样,海鹦在基因上就注定难以被发现。它们一年中的大部分时间都生活在远离陆地的开阔海洋中。在繁殖季节——大约从 4 月下旬到 8 月的大部分时间——它们在离岸岛屿的地下洞穴中筑巢,这样水貂、老鼠和狐狸等哺乳类捕食者就无法接触到它们或它们的幼鸟。

热门票务

我们的游船由 Acadia Puffin Cruise 运营,该机构在旅游季每天提供两小时的游览服务,成人票价为 $75。其他热门航线包括由 Cap'n Fish's Cruises 从布斯湾港(Boothbay Harbor)出发前往附近的东蛋岩(Eastern Egg Rock)的远足之旅,那是一个占地 7 英亩的岩石岛,栖息着约 80 对繁殖中的海鹦。这些由美国国家审计学会(National Audubon Society)提供解说的行程每年吸引约 10,000 名付费游客,成人票价为 $71。

Bold Coast Charter 的行程允许参与者登陆岛屿,并在掩蔽所中花费几个小时近距离观察并拍摄聚集在巢穴上方岩石上的海鹦。Bold Coast 将前往马基亚斯海豹岛(Machias Seal Island)的游船人数限制在每趟 15 人——根据日期的不同,每人收费 $275 至 $325。

帕特森(Patterson)表示,她的游览主要吸引资深观鸟者和专业摄影师,尽管恶劣天气有时会导致无法登陆(且在这种情况下不予退款),他们仍愿意支付高昂的费用。海鹦热潮规模的一个证明是:“我们每年将整个季节的行程放在网上,而今年我们在 15 到 20 分钟内就售罄了,”她说。

海鹦季即将结束,但对游船感兴趣的人很快就可以开始预订明年夏天的座位。部分运营商将在今年秋季或 12 月初开放 2027 年的在线预订,不过马基亚斯海豹岛登陆游的名额则需等到 3 月份的一个尚未确定的日期。

大西洋海鹦并未濒危——冰岛、挪威和纽芬兰共同拥有数百万只此类鸟类。但缅因州的种群数量曾达数万只,到 20 世纪 70 年代初已萎缩至两个岛屿上的约 70 对繁殖对,这主要是因为人们过度猎杀其肉、蛋和羽毛,以及随船只潜入巢岛的捕食性老鼠造成的栖息地破坏。

海鹦的支持者们对此感到震惊,意识到他们需要一个救援计划。这个计划在 1973 年到来,当时一名与国家审计学会(Audubon Society)合作的 28 岁研究生斯蒂芬·克雷斯(Stephen Kress)提出了一个在大多数资深鸟类研究人员看来极其愚蠢的想法:他将搬迁——

让所有这些海鹦旅游成为可能的是“海鹦计划”(Project Puffin),这是一项持续的努力,旨在增加这种不久前几乎要从缅因州离岸岛屿上消失的鸟类的数量。

重回边缘

“人们在户外与大西洋海鹦相遇并爱上它们,因为它们如此有魅力、色彩斑斓且有趣。而我确实认为,人们会保护他们所爱之物。”

缅因州的岛屿,据某些估计,在由美国和加拿大共同主张主权的争议水域中的马基亚斯海豹岛(Machias Seal Island)上,有多达 8,000 对繁殖对在筑巢。

—伊丽莎白·格雷(Elizabeth Gray),美国国家奥杜邦学会(National Audubon Society)首席执行官

奥杜邦学会驻缅因州海鸟研究所(Seabird Institute)的保护科学主任唐·里昂斯(Don Lyons)表示,挑战依然存在。其中包括被称为“海洋热浪”的现象——与气候变化相关的、比正常情况更热的洋流,这可能会彻底改变海鹦可捕食的鱼类种类。但里昂斯说:“我们确实拥有一个强健的种群。”

爱赢了

从海鹦数量丰富的纽芬兰,到东蛋岩(Eastern Egg Rock)搬运海鹦雏鸟,希望这些雏鸟能够长成并返回该岛。像许多海鸟一样,海鹦

为了应对捕食者的威胁,诸如“缅因州沿海岛屿国家野生动物保护区之友”(Friends of Maine Coastal Islands National Wildlife Refuge)等海鸟保护组织多年来一直与州和联邦野生动物机构合作,支持严格的灭鼠计划。

年复一年地在筑巢地。起初阻力很大,因为这个想法从未被尝试过,而且让海鹦雏鸟面临风险似乎与奥杜邦学会的信条背道而驰。但克雷斯(Kress)最终说服了纽芬兰野生动物当局允许他继续进行,而这项技术奏效了。

那些 想要抓捕

如今,据估计有 1,500 对繁殖对在五个

“海鹦项目”(Project Puffin)的成效已在缅因州海岸之外引起回响,美国国家奥杜邦学会首席执行官伊丽莎白·格雷表示。根据奥杜邦学会的海鸟修复数据库,目前全球约有 850 个海鸟修复项目在运行,其中相当一部分项目通过采用在缅因州成功案例中开创并完善的技术而取得了成功。

这就是为什么格雷也很高兴看到缅因州海鹦成为一个繁荣的旅游小众市场的焦点。她说,一旦人们了解海鹦及其背后的故事,几乎肯定会增加他们对鸟类保护整体的兴趣。自 20 世纪 50 年代以来,全球海鸟数量下降了 $70%,奥杜邦学会需要这样的帮助。

1,500

在五个缅因州岛屿上筑巢的海鹦繁殖对估计数量,高于 20 世纪 70 年代初两个岛屿上的约 70 对

在最近的阿卡迪亚海鹦巡航(Acadia Puffin Cruise)中,空气中弥漫着爱意。肖恩·塔加特(Sean Taggart)和珍妮·塔加特(Jenny Taggart)是来自费城的 40 多岁居民,他们当时正在附近的阿卡迪亚国家公园(Acadia National Park)进行露营旅程,两人正用双筒望远镜盯着游船船尾游泳的海鹦。这对夫妇认为自己是“业余观鸟者”。但当他们在谷歌搜索阿卡迪亚附近的“活动”并看到一张海鹦照片和该行程的列表时,他们被吸引住了。在前往缅因州之前的绝大部分时间里,他们都在听关于海鹦的播客以做准备。

“人们在户外与大西洋海鹦相遇并爱上它们,因为它们如此有魅力、色彩斑斓且有趣,”格雷说,“而我确实认为,人们会保护他们所爱之物。”

那么在看到海鹦之后呢?

肖恩笑了笑。“远超预期,”他说。

肯·威尔斯(Ken Wells)曾任《华尔街日报》编辑和记者,现为一名居住在芝加哥的作家,夏季在缅因州东部(Downeast)度过。可通过 reports@wsj.com 与其联系。

认知障碍不必成为旅行的终点

面对认知能力下降的家庭正选择踏上旅程,在疾病进一步恶化导致旅行变得不可能之前,去追寻快乐

作者:KATHLEEN HUGHES

CARY 和 MEG Behle 在九年前被诊断出患有认知障碍时,已经 75 岁,此前他曾游历世界大部分地区。

“我不想停止和他一起旅行。那是我们生活中非常重要的一部分,”他的妻子 Meg 说道。

Meg 表示,在确诊之后,他们还访问了澳大利亚、南非、西西里岛、加勒比地区和迪拜等许多地方。这对来自圣迭戈的夫妇甚至在 2021 年参加了一次南极邮轮之旅。

“他喜欢看新事物,即使他不知道我们在哪里,脸上也会带着微笑,”她在谈到 Cary 时说道。Cary 曾是一名美容牙医,于三年前去世,享年 80 岁。“至少有五年的时间,他不记得我是他的妻子。但他知道我是陪伴在他身边的人。”

她说,旅行“既令人兴奋、令人精疲力竭,既产生焦虑、令人迷茫,又充满刺激、令人愉悦,而且很难向他人解释。”

随着人口老龄化,越来越多的人被诊断出患有阿尔茨海默病和其他类型的认知障碍。对于其中许多人及其护理人员来说,旅行是他们生活中不想放弃的重要部分。但旅行对双方来说都可能很艰辛。认知障碍患者在陌生环境中可能会感到困惑或压力巨大,这反过来会让本就困难的护理工作变得更加艰巨。

失去与快乐

根据阿尔茨海默病协会(Alzheimer's Association)的最新报告,估计有 740 万 名 65 岁及以上的美国人——约每 9 人中就有 1 人——患有阿尔茨海默病引起的认知障碍,高于十年前的 540 万。

加利福尼亚州圣莫尼卡太平洋神经科学研究所(Pacific Neuroscience Institute)的神经认知与老年神经病学专家 Verna Porter 博士表示,现在有更多患有认知障碍的患者要求旅行,她经常鼓励他们,并强调确诊并不一定意味着他们应该停止旅行。部分得益于能够更早识别阿尔茨海默病的新诊断工具,如今的许多患者身体更健康,更活跃,且在退休后更习惯于旅行。

Porter 认为,最适合旅行的人群是那些患有轻度认知障碍或处于认知障碍早期的患者,他们仍然享受新体验,能耐受日常习惯的改变,能认出其护理人员,并且能够在不感到崩溃的情况下参与其中。

“在临床上,我看到患有轻度认知障碍的患者在完成有意义的旅行后,变得更快乐,参与度更高,并与家人共同拥有美好的回忆,”Porter 说道。

她建议,最成功的旅行是前往有直飞航班或旅途时间较短的熟悉目的地,且行程简单,以便能够维持稳定的用药时间表并获得充足的休息。

然而,当患者处于中度或晚期认知障碍,出现游离行为、反复发作的意识模糊、显著的行为症状、不稳定的医疗疾病或行动不便时,她会更加谨慎。

“旅行的目标发生了变化,”Porter 说。“它不再是为了观光或在目的地清单上打勾,而是为了在尽量减少压力的同时,保留与家人和朋友之间有意义的体验。”

阿拉斯加的挣扎

有时,寻找这种平衡非常困难。安迪·伯纳德特(Andy Bernadett)和他的妻子金·兹威克(Kim Zwick)在加利福尼亚州格拉斯谷经营着一家会计和财务规划公司,他们热爱骑双人自行车进行跨国旅行。然而,在 2022 年,金被诊断出患有一种罕见形式的认知障碍症。

这对夫妇讨论去阿拉斯加旅行已经十多年了,于是他们在 2024 年报名参加了一次邮轮之旅。“这是一次‘人生清单’之行,”安迪说,“我们决定果断行动,因为想到我们可能无法在这种状态下坚持太久了。”

但金似乎并没有真正享受这次旅行。她不喜欢寒冷,用餐时的团体对话也让她感到尴尬。“这对她来说是一种挣扎,对我来说也是,”她的丈夫说,他怀疑“她可能更愿意留在家里看电影”。

安迪表示,他之所以对这次邮轮之旅感兴趣,部分是为了自己的享受。“当你意识到时间不多的时候,你就想去旅行,”他说。回首往事,他说当时的心情是,“趁还能做的时候,尽可能多地去做……但随后你会发现,你已经做不到了。”

金在旅行两个月后的 2024 年 10 月去世,享年 59 岁。

海上的支持

一些旅游方案为认知障碍症患者提供更多的护理、支持和旅行指导。例如,Elite Cruises & Vacations 主要专注于认知障碍症友好型邮轮。

“由于认知障碍症患者人数的增加,需求量大幅增长,”该公司创始人、印第安纳州霍巴特的老年神经病学护士凯瑟琳·斯皮尔·肖夫(Kathryn Speer Shoaf)表示。她说,去年她接待了 310 名宾客,其中包含一些重复旅行者。

肖夫与邮轮公司合作,选择拥有安静会议空间的中型船舶。她为每个家庭提供一名经过培训的支持人员,并且至少有一名注册护士在岗。此外,还设有针对护理者的支持小组和研讨会,以及现场音乐、戏剧、舞蹈和历史讲座。

一些客户在经历了艰难的旅行之后转向 Elite。来自俄亥俄州哥伦布的 61 岁退休公共信息官员莫莉·奥赖利·麦基(Molly O'Reilly McGhee)说,她的母亲尤妮斯·奥赖利(Eunice O'Reilly,84 岁)在 2023 年被诊断出患有阿尔茨海默病。她的母亲一直想多旅行。于是,莫莉和丈夫带尤妮斯去了伊利湖畔的一家酒店,入住了一套两卧室套房。

有一次,莫莉短暂地去洗了个澡。当她出来时,母亲不见了。电话响了。“您的母亲在大堂,她和保安在一起,”一名酒店工作人员告诉她。当莫莉走到大堂时,她的母亲看起来有些担心,但并没有特别心烦,只是说:“噢,你在这儿呢。”

在三天的入住期间,同样的事情又发生了两次。

莫莉在 2 月份为她母亲报名参加了 Elite 的加勒比海邮轮之旅,同时也带上了丈夫和婆婆。莫莉说,她的母亲“看起来很投入,在观察一切并倾听”。

但她的母亲经常问:“我们在哪里?”莫莉反复向她解释他们正在参加加勒比海邮轮之旅。“有时她在船舱里会变得困惑,忘记自己曾经来过这里,”莫莉说。

在回家的路上,当莫莉询问她最喜欢旅行的哪个部分时,尤妮斯说:“和家人在一起。”

莫莉和丈夫计划在今年晚些时候再次带尤妮斯参加 Elite 的邮轮之旅,这次的目的地是阿拉斯加。

摩洛哥的骆驼

一些护理人员通过邀请朋友和家人同行,或参加团体游来寻求额外的支持。苏珊·莱文森(Susan Levenson),71岁,在2019年被诊断出患有早发性阿尔茨海默病,当时她64岁。在那一年,她和丈夫乔什(Josh)与朋友们一起参加了团体游,前往克罗地亚和阿尔巴尼亚。

“那是‘及时行乐’(carpe diem),把握当下,”乔什在今年早些时候的一次采访中说道。他于8月去世,享年74岁。

同样在2019年,这对从大学考试行业退休的夫妇与他们的两个孩子一起前往摩洛哥旅行。苏珊很喜欢骑骆驼。“她满脸笑容,因为她和孩子们在一起,”乔什在谈到妻子时说,“看看她骑在骆驼上的样子,她玩得非常开心,而且依然很享受美食。”

苏珊现在住在一所记忆护理机构中。

危险的下滑

随着疾病的进展,旅行可能会变得更加危险。佛罗里达州庞特韦德拉(Ponte Vedra)的无障碍旅行顾问考特尼·哈蒙斯(Courtney Hammons)表示,她的母亲琳恩·克努尔(Lynne Knurr)在2018年被诊断出患有早期痴呆症,当时她73岁。克努尔是来自威斯康星州马斯基戈(Muskego)的旅行顾问,她在次年参加了两次前往巴哈马的家庭邮轮游,以及

(图片说明,从左上角起顺时针方向):乔什和苏珊·莱文森与家人;Elite Cruises的所有者凯瑟琳·斯皮尔·肖夫(Kathryn Speer Shoaf)与客户杰克和苏珊·普福德勒(Jack and Susan Pfaudler);安迪·伯纳德特(Andy Bernadett)和妻子金·兹维克(Kim Zwick);朱莉娅·林(Julia Lynn,右起第二位)及其家人;考特尼·哈蒙斯和她的母亲琳恩·克努尔;梅格和凯里·贝尔(Meg and Cary Behle)。

2020年的一次前往圣奥古斯丁短吻鳄农场的家庭旅行。

但在佛罗里达州圣奥古斯丁的一个水上乐园里,克努尔决定和她7岁的孙女一起从滑梯滑下。她一直是个游泳好手,所以其他家人并没有担心。但当克努尔到达泳池底部时,她没有浮上来。

“就在那时我们意识到,她已经忘记了如何游泳,”哈蒙斯说。一名救生员救了她的母亲,而她本人并不记得这件事。那个7岁的孩子没有受伤。

铭记庞贝

前堪萨斯州参议员、69岁的朱莉娅·林(Julia Lynn)在2022年底被诊断出患有早期阿尔茨海默病后,她的家人预订了2025年的一次伦敦之行,以及随后在4月的一次邮轮游,途经西班牙、意大利、马耳他、希腊和黑山。

她的儿媳、同时也是一名旅行顾问的玛丽·贝丝·林(Mary Beth Lynn)表示,这次旅行给朱莉娅带来了改变。“这里有太多的动荡和痛苦,”她说,“她知道自己患病了,知道自己在遗忘事情。而这次旅行是一个机会,让阿尔茨海默病不再重要。”

在一次采访中,朱莉娅的说话有些断断续续,但她仍然能回忆起旅行中的点滴,包括访问庞贝和科孚岛。“令人惊讶的是,这次旅行中有很多事情我还记得,”她说。

在谈到家人时,她没有犹豫。“我想在进入无法旅行的阶段之前,尽可能多地与家人一起旅行,”朱莉娅说。

至于挑战,“那是对未来不再拥有记忆的恐惧。这就是为什么你必须走出去,在每一天里充分地生活,”朱莉娅说,并补充道,“有一天你会开始淡忘。这是这种疾病的自然进程。你必须去旅行。”

凯瑟琳·休斯(Kathleen Hughes)曾任《华尔街日报》纽约和洛杉矶分社记者。可通过 reports@wsj.com 与其联系。

极致户外冒险,无需经验

接第 R1 页

莫阿布(Moab)是科罗拉多河沿岸一座人口约 5,000 人的小镇,长期以来一直是山地骑行和攀岩的圣地。然而,近年来,它将重心扩展到了极致冒险旅游,为各种经验水平、体能状况和技能等级的人群提供了选择。从路边的广告牌到镇上咖啡馆里随处可见的简易广告,参与邀请无处不在,让人产生一种这些活动就像日常活动一样平常的奇妙感觉。

与大多数骑行和攀岩活动不同,这些极致户外冒险不需要经验或卓越的体能,只需要跳下去的勇气——字面意义上的跳跃。本质上,这是一个围绕着让过山车在过去一个世纪如此受欢迎的情绪而建立的旅游业,只不过这种情绪被极大地放大了,并且置于壮丽的自然环境中。

近期消费习惯的文化转变——优先考虑体验和个人成就而非物质商品——正推动着人们对这种极致冒险小众市场的兴趣。凯斯西储大学(Case Western Reserve University)的生物伦理学教授兼心理人类学家艾琳·安德森(Eileen Anderson)表示,这类体验深入触及了人类的心理。

“人们会想:‘我的日常生活很平凡,但如果我有勇气去做这件事,我就能成为一个不同的人,’”安德森说。“这是一种风险可控的情况,你让自己处于某种恐惧和不确定性之中,然后去征服它。”

最适合极致冒险的目的地需要有能够支撑这些活动的自然景观,以及信誉良好且安全的导游服务。以下是对莫阿布以及全球几个推荐地点的详细介绍,这些地方在两方面都提供了丰富的选择:

莫阿布

莫阿布长期以来是进入拱门国家公园(Arches National Park)和峡谷地国家公园(Canyonlands National Park)的门户小镇。极致旅游在 20 世纪 60 和 70 年代开始成形,当时当地的林·奥廷格(Lin Ottinger)开始带领游客在荒野矿道和岩石拱门间进行“吉普车探险”。

如今,专业运营商已经开发出引导式且对客户友好的体验方式,包括在悬崖边使用安全带进行绳索秋千、在峡谷间行走高空钢索,以及驾驶特种 4×4 吉普车在悬崖顶端的地形中穿行。

而对于真正的冒险者,这里还提供双人跳伞和双人 BASE 跳伞。在 BASE 跳伞中,参与者与专业飞行员一起从固定物体(如悬崖)跳下,并使用降落伞滑翔至地面。BASE 代表从建筑物(Buildings)、天线(Antennas)、跨度 / 桥梁(Spans)和地球 / 悬崖(Earth)跳下。跳伞和 BASE 跳伞的风险高于其他一些活动,因为即使有专家飞行员,也没有出错的空间。相比之下,绳索秋千和高空钢索则拥有冗余的安全附件和固定在周围岩石上的锚点。

Elevate Outdoors Guiding 的所有者费思·迪基(Faith Dickey)曾引导 10 至 69 岁的游客在莫阿布深邃峡谷之上的高空钢索上行走。她说,客户倾向于是积极生活的人,但在日常生活中并非极致主义者,并补充道,“共同经历这些会让家人和朋友的关系更加亲密。”

凯斯西储大学教授安德森表示,研究支持这一观点。“从神经科学的角度来看,当你与他人共同经历如此剧烈的事情时,大脑中的纽带化学物质会被激活,这在很多方面对人类的心理和生理健康都有益。”

新西兰,皇后镇 南岛这座小镇周围由冰川雕琢而成的景观激发了无数冒险活动,既有温和的,也有令人惊心动魄的。这里是几项极致运动的发源地,包括蹦极、双人滑翔伞和商业喷气快艇——配备喷气推进发动机的快艇在浅水、多石且湍急的河流中高速逆流而上(最高可达 40 节)。

娱乐性冒险活动包括引导式的 V 级河流漂流(商业行程中最湍急的水域)、双人跳伞和峡谷绳索秋千,以及登山

和骑行。

游客甚至可以尝试所谓的“5X1NZ挑战”:在一天之内完成跳伞、单板滑雪、山地骑行、蹦极和喷射快艇这五项活动。

意大利多洛米蒂山脉

这里拥有石灰岩山脉、田园诗般的山谷和散布的阿尔卑斯村庄,这一联合国教科文组织世界遗产地将阿尔卑斯山的魅力与令人心跳加速的冒险完美结合。

作为第一次世界大战的战场,意大利多洛米蒂山脉

从上至下:在纽西兰与 Nevis Bungy 体验蹦极;与 RealNZ 体验漂流;在犹他州与 Elevate Outdoors Guiding 体验高空走绳。

充满了“铁道攀登”(via ferratas),即通过铁梯连接的陡峭且暴露的岩壁而设立的引导式阿尔卑斯路线(客户需扣在安全缆绳上),游客可以从各个村庄和山间小屋进入这些路线。

该地区还拥有多种双人滑翔伞运营项目,以及更高阶的滑索体验,例如在圣维吉利奥-迪-马雷贝(San Vigilio di Marebbe)村庄上空,以每小时 50 英里的速度飞行的 2 英里长滑索,此外还有由各类认证导游服务提供的传统登山及其他活动。

法国夏蒙尼

夏蒙尼是法国阿尔卑斯山脉一座繁华的山镇,以吸引作为居民和游客的冒险精神者而闻名。周围的山脉和缆车,包括著名的南针峰(Aiguille du Midi)缆车(其高度从谷底升起 9,000 英尺),推动了由专业飞行员主导的强劲双人滑翔伞产业,提供不同的飞行时间和参与程度。

其他项目包括由专业导游带领的铁道攀登路线,以及峡谷探险(在美国被称为 canyoneering),导游会帮助参与者通过行走、游泳、跳跃以及从悬崖和瀑布下降等技术,在陡峭的山溪和峡谷中下行。

为什么意大利大圆游应该在热那亚停留

相比于罗马和佛罗伦萨,热那亚的人潮较少,这里拥有宏伟的教堂和宫殿,其外观低调,内部却极尽奢华。

作者:J.S. MARCUS

热那亚再次成为了旅行者的磁石。这座位于意大利西北部的港口城市曾是中世纪威尼斯的竞争对手,也是近代早期的欧洲金融中心,对于 18 世纪在欧洲大陆进行“大圆游”(Grand Tour)的贵族们来说,这里是必经之站。如今,随着这座城市从后工业时代的衰落中复苏,热那亚再次吸引了游客,且理由充分:这座城市充满了惊喜,其古怪的魅力激发着人们去探索。

凭借其奇特的街道巷弄、山地地势以及一套仿佛属于游乐园的交通系统(想象一下水平电梯和穿过建筑的缆车),热那亚是意大利最具有异域风情的特大城市。但由于仍在等待与该国主要高铁走廊的连接,这里给人的感觉就像是一片未知之地(terra incognita)。

作为意大利第六大城市,热那亚拥有近 600,000 名居民,部分地区仍显得有些粗粝。但与罗马和佛罗伦萨不同,这里的许多主要景点几乎没有拥挤的人群,而智能手机将帮助你在这最狭窄的 caruggi(巷弄)中找到进出的方向。

以下是前往热那亚的一些理由,以及抵达后值得关注的亮点:

挑战地形的交通系统 从海平面的滨海区到热那亚的山区腹地,海拔落差接近 6,000 英尺,相邻社区之间的海拔差异可达数百英尺。在市内行走可能需要应对陡坡或像楼梯一样的人行道,但在过去一个世纪里,这座城市开发了一套独特的交通系统。

卡斯特洛-阿尔伯蒂斯-蒙特加莱托线(Castello d'Albertis-Montegalletto line)被称为电梯(ascensore),但其小型车厢实际上是缆车、索道和室外电梯的结合体,垂直运行距离约为 250 英尺。这段大约 10 分钟的旅程——像威利·旺卡(Willy Wonka)的风格一样,不仅有上下之分,还有前后之别——将带你从普林西比广场(Piazza Principe)火车站到达充满幻想色彩的阿尔伯蒂斯城堡(D'Albertis Castle),这座 19 世纪的海船船长故居现已成为一座博物馆。从顶端俯瞰,可以将整个历史悠久的热那亚及其现代港口综合体尽收眼底。

璀璨艺术

热那亚的声望在 1620 年左右达到顶峰,当时由几十个家族组成的贵族商人阶层使热那亚共和国成为了西班牙海外帝国的货币掌控者,将这座城市变成了现代资本主义最早的金融中心之一。这些家族成为了当时最重要艺术家的赞助人,例如弗拉芒画家彼得·保罗·鲁本斯(Peter Paul Rubens)和安东尼·凡·戴克(Anthony van Dyck),以及热那亚本土的巴洛克大师贝尔纳多·斯特罗齐(Bernardo Strozzi)。

曾任华盛顿国家美术馆策展人且是热那亚专家的乔纳森·博伯(Jonathan Bober)表示,这里的亮点包括凡·戴克在红色宫殿(Palazzo Rosso,一座如今已成为博物馆的宏伟宫殿)中创作的 1620 年代热那亚贵族优雅肖像,以及鲁本斯在耶稣教堂(Church of the Gesù)中创作的 17 世纪早期充满动感的祭坛画。

与此同时,12 世纪的圣卢卡教堂(Church of San Luca)由斯皮诺拉家族在 17 世纪重建,其外观看似简单,内部却是巴洛克装饰的旋风。

奢华宫殿 热那亚黄金时代的宏伟宫殿要么隐藏在狭窄的小巷(caruggi)中,要么沿新路(Strada Nuova)排列。这条 16 世纪的干道以优雅的文艺复兴风格立面为特征,旨在掩盖内部夸张的巴洛克和洛可可装饰。

位于新路(也称为加里波第路 Via Garibaldi)上的 16 世纪宫殿——斯皮诺拉·克拉瓦里诺宫(Palazzo Spinola Clavarino),将在今年秋天的罗利日(Rolli Days)期间开放其主要居住层;该宫殿在近年来经过了奢华的翻新。

普利兹克奖得主、在故乡热那亚和巴黎两地生活的建筑师伦佐·皮亚诺(Renzo Piano)表示,克制的立面与隐秘的装饰之间的对比,触及了热那亚人心理的核心。

质朴而丰富的热那亚美食

热那亚美食以食材节俭和多种素食主菜为特点,最顶尖的作品看似简单,但味道复杂。

这里的青酱(Pesto)由罗勒、特级初榨橄榄油、松子、大蒜和磨碎的奶酪制成,全部研磨成浓稠的糊状。当地人将其与 trenette 面(一种类似细扁面的干面条)或 trofie 面(一种不含鸡蛋的新鲜面条)一起食用,并加入少量绿豆和一点土豆,然后用水稀释,直到全部变成一种明亮且令人心动的绿色。

当地美食作家恩里卡·蒙扎尼(Enrica Monzani)表示,青酱在其他地方可能被视为高端或美食餐厅的料理,但最初它是“一种在不花太多钱的情况下增加分量的农民技巧”。使其在这里如此出众的是当地的罗勒(在顶峰时期采收以抑制苦味)以及利古里亚橄榄油(其口感倾向于像黄油般顺滑而非辛辣)。

左图为以雕塑葬礼纪念碑著称的斯塔列诺公墓(Staglieno cemetery),以及从 D'Albertis 城堡看到的景色。左下图为 Antico Forno Patrone 的佛卡恰面包(focaccia)。

在意大利其他地方,佛卡恰面包已成为事实上的三明治面包或临时披萨饼底,但在热那亚,这种自中世纪以来就一直制作的面包往往保持着最原始的状态。在这里,它是一种咸咸的、油润的、通常是原味的面包,必须在烘焙后几小时内食用,当地人喜欢在早晨将其蘸在卡布奇诺中享用。“佛卡恰的咸味与卡布奇诺的苦甜味相结合,”蒙扎尼说,“这种体验非常美妙。”

奢华之触

热那亚偶尔也喜欢炫耀。Pànera 是当地替代意式冰淇淋(gelato)的甜点,是一种浓郁的、加入了奶油的咖啡味半冷冻甜点(semifreddo)。

与此同时,位于海滨的加拉塔海事博物馆(Galata Maritime Museum)设有关于当地骄傲克里斯托弗·哥伦布的迷人展品,人们认为他于 1451 年出生于此;馆内还有一艘令人惊叹的桨帆船重建模型,这种船曾是热那亚共和国权力和威望的基石。

此外还有壮观的热那亚水族馆,拥有 400 种动物,其标准门票价格高达 38 欧元(约 43 美元)——大约相当于一个月早餐佛卡恰面包的费用。

J.S. Marcus 是一位常驻柏林的作家。可通过 reports@wsj.com 与其联系。

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寻找墨西哥失落的阿兹特克世界

从农业梯田到考古遗址等,前往墨西哥城的旅行者可以窥见 500 年前的生活

作者:TONY PERROTTET

墨西哥城 当我受邀参加一次与阿兹特克人“交流”的日游时,满月将至。“带上短裤和毛巾,”我的东道主神秘地告诉我。

五百年前,阿兹特克帝国在墨西哥中部谷地的五个互连湖泊周围繁荣发展,岛屿首都特诺奇蒂特兰(Tenochtitlan)位于其中心。特诺奇蒂特兰拥有由运河和堤道连接的宏伟寺庙、市场和金字塔,在鼎盛时期居住着约 200,000 人。但在 1521 年由埃尔南·科尔特斯(Hernán Cortés)领导的西班牙征服之后,入侵者对这座阿兹特克城市进行了彻底的改造,夷平了其纪念碑,排干了湖泊并填埋了运河,使得如今人们很难想象其黄金时代的景象。

在 temazcalli(一种汗蒸房)中进行仪式,其传统也可以追溯到阿兹特克时代。人们至今对这个民族的记忆大多集中在他们凶猛的战士文化和对人体祭祀的倾向上。很快,我发现自己穿着泳裤,手脚并用地爬进一个由木棍和毯子搭建的泥地圆顶房中,盘腿而坐,看着红热的火山石被放置在中央坑内。入口关闭后,我们坐在漆黑之中,阿罗扎雷纳(Arozarena)的一位朋友将水浇在石头上,滚滚的蒸汽带着药用植物叶子的香味将我们笼罩,随后他一边敲鼓,一边吟唱中美洲的歌曲。

上方为位于大都会主教座堂附近的阿兹特克大神庙(Templo Mayor)遗址。下方为国家宫内迭戈·里维拉(Diego Rivera)创作的墨西哥历史壁画。

从桑拿房爬出后,我用冷水淋浴洗掉了汗水和泥土,然后与团队一起享用了美味的午餐:南瓜塔马利(tamales)和豆子配玉米饼——这顿餐食在七个世纪前可能也被这样供应。

被掩埋的城市

受在索奇米尔科(Xochimilco)旅行的启发,我决定看看还能拼凑出多少关于阿兹特克世界的碎片。我很快意识到,特诺奇蒂特兰(Tenochtitlan)并未完全消失。它只是被掩埋在墨西哥城中心行人的脚下,正如考古学家在1978年发现的那样——当时两名电力工人在索卡洛(Zócalo,西班牙殖民时期的广场,也是首都的主广场)附近挖掘出一块重达8吨的雕刻石盘,上面刻着月亮女神科约尔沙乌基(Coyolxauhqui)的形象。这片由宏伟的大都会主教座堂所主导的广阔空间,曾是阿兹特克人的神圣区域,也是其宗教的仪式核心。

如今,大神庙(Templo Mayor)的挖掘基座——这座顶端设有战争之神和雨之神祭坛的阶梯金字塔——已成为一个露天考古遗址。西班牙步兵贝尔纳尔·迪亚斯(Bernal Díaz)在回忆录中描述了当时恐怖的一幕:被俘的战友被拖到金字塔顶端,被阿兹特克祭司剖出仍在跳动的心脏作为祭品。

“阿兹特克人的生活不仅仅是人体祭祀和战争,”国家人类学与历史研究所(INAH)的资深导游埃里克·马尔克斯(Eric Márquez)解释道,“他们拥有一个丰富得多且复杂的文化。”展示该遗址出土文物的大神庙博物馆揭示了他们在工程学、草药医学和天文学方面的天赋,以及包括石雕、精美陶瓷和精致珠宝在内的艺术技巧。我了解到,阿兹特克人对花卉有着出人意料的热爱,他们身上喷洒香水,创作史诗诗歌,并绘制色彩斑斓的壁画。

对我而言,最能唤起共鸣的阿兹特克遗迹是那些如今位于大神庙附近危地马拉街(Guatemala Street)地下的冷门遗物。我参观了一个圆形的

唯一幸存的湖泊是索奇米尔科,位于市中心向南约一小时车程处。在那里,我与十几个当地年轻人一起爬上一艘质朴的驳船。两名船夫很快用撑杆将我们带入了一个前西班牙时期的自然世界:当我们穿行在郁郁葱葱的岛屿农场之间,在柳树下穿过时,芦苇和睡莲紧贴着船壳,白鹭在深沉静谧的水面上盘旋。

当我踏上一块奇南帕(chinampa)时,与过去的联系增强了。这是一种由营养丰富的泥土和植被层构成的农业梯田,自阿兹特克时代起就一直在使用。这座名为“烈火”(Fuego Vivo)的农场在三年前被我的房东——一位年轻的当地建筑师费尔南多·阿罗扎雷纳(Fernando Arozarena)买下。他将其维持为一个文化项目,设有优雅的竹屋,接待游客进行黎明之旅、享用有机午餐并参加玉米粽(tamale)制作课程。

里维拉(Rivera)在1952年创作的另一件更具超现实主义色彩的致敬之作位于绿意盎然的查普尔特佩克公园(Chapultepec Park):一座长100英尺的瓷砖雕像,描绘的是阿兹特克雨神特拉洛克(Tláloc)仰卧在水池中。

“索奇米尔科是阿兹特克时代最后的活化石,”阿罗扎雷纳说。他说,先进的梯田系统使阿兹特克人在食物上能够自给自足,“从而让他们能够建立自己的帝国。”

在主教座堂酒店(Catedral Hotel)的大堂下方有一个寺庙平台,而客人们就在古代球赛场的一部分上方吃早餐。在西班牙文化中心,一名保安指引我下楼前往卡尔梅卡克(Calmécac),那是阿兹特克贵族的学校。灯光幽暗的展品包括一名祭祀受害者的刻有痕迹的下颌骨,以及嵌入灰泥中的脚印,仿佛那些阿兹特克青少年刚刚跑上楼去休息一样。

但即便如此,在名为阿纳瓦卡利(Anahuacalli)的幻想建筑面前也显得黯然失色。这座建筑由里维拉在20世纪40年代设计,用于展示他与卡罗(Kahlo)收藏的60,000件前西班牙时期艺术品。这无疑是世界上最具想象力的博物馆之一,是一座由深色火山岩建成的巍峨建筑。在像坟墓一样深邃的展厅里,精美的雕像在没有标签的石架上被柔和的射灯照亮,而里维拉绘制的神灵图像在上方的天花板上闪现。

但为什么穿着短裤并带着毛巾?由于满月将至,我的房东计划了一场

文化的庆典 尽管西班牙征服者曾试图有计划地抹除阿兹特克文化的传统和语言,但并未成功。阿兹特克语(纳瓦特尔语的一个分支)至今仍被农村村庄的一百多万原住民使用,许多阿兹特克传统也悄然延续了下来。得益于迭戈·里维拉及其妻子弗里达·卡罗等赞美前西班牙殖民时期文化的艺术家,阿兹特克人在历史上的隐形状态在 20 世纪 20 年代开始得到扭转。

其中最令人印象深刻的致敬之作是里维拉创作的一幅巨大的壁画——《墨西哥历史》,该画于 1929-35 年间绘制于国家宫内,以鸟瞰视角描绘了特诺奇蒂特兰在鼎盛时期的景象,展现了一个由战士和农民组成的绚丽世界。一个

时至今日,阿兹特克人继续激励着墨西哥城的艺术家,我在访问贝特萨贝·罗梅罗的工作室时发现了这一点。她的作品包括回收的汽车轮胎——这是首都交通拥堵的现代生活的象征——轮胎的侧面和胎面印有镀金的阿兹特克符号,其中包括飞翔的羽蛇神克察尔科亚特尔。

前西班牙时期的零食

“阿兹特克文化以数千种微妙的方式渗透在如今墨西哥城的日常生活中,”罗梅罗说道,并递给我一碗烤蝗虫,这是一种口感酥脆的前西班牙时期零食。玉米、豆类等阿兹特克食物至今仍是墨西哥饮食的支柱。

罗梅罗还指出,阿兹特克烹饪传统正在前卫的餐饮艺术中复兴。于是我前往 Rosetta,一家位于罗马北区(Roma Norte)一座西班牙豪宅内的时尚餐厅。我的正餐以用奇卡塔纳蚁(chicatana ants)制成的黄油开始,随后是搭配蚁卵(escamoles)、西葫芦和焦柠檬的细扁面(tagliolini)。“阿兹特克人因昆虫的高蛋白质含量而对其十分重视,”Rosetta 的所有者兼主厨埃琳娜·雷加达斯(Elena Reygadas)解释道。

在最后一天,我前往位于索卡洛广场(Zócalo)西北 2 英里处、鲜有人至的特拉特奥尔科(Tlateolco)遗址。来自国家人类学与历史研究所(INAH)的导游马尔克斯(Márquez)领着我沿着一条喧闹的高速公路,来到一家购物中心停车场的地下,推开一扇没有标记的金属门。台阶向下延伸,通向一座埃埃卡特-奎措尔科亚特尔(Ehécatl-Quetzelcóatl,阿兹特克风神)神庙的圆形遗迹,该遗迹在 2014 年被发现时伴有祭祀的人类遗骸。

透过人行道上的玻璃天窗,我可以看到行人匆匆走过,而上方的停车场里则传来轮胎的尖叫声。这似乎成了这座城市在历史平衡之术上的一个恰当象征。“拯救这座神庙至关重要,”马尔克斯说,“但古代世界需要与现代世界共存。”

我在圣雅各之路上行走500英里,寻找未来的方向

在因AI时代的裁员而失去工作后,这位作者加入了在西班牙的朝圣之旅——在那里,她遇到了唱歌的修女、磨烂的双脚,以及处于人生转折期的人们

作者:香农·卡罗尔 (SHANNON CARROLL)

在西班牙北部的中世纪朝圣之路——圣雅各之路(Camino de Santiago)上,有些事情会变得显得很正常,而如果在其他地方,这些事可能会让一个理智的人怀疑你是否出了问题。

比如:在冰冷的雨中行走25英里;与陌生人讨论水泡的排脓方案;与60个人一起睡在潮湿的地下室里,并证明打呼噜是一种国际语言;请求四位修女带领满屋的朝圣者合唱《Take Me Home, Country Roads》。

最后一件事情在一定程度上是我的错。

在圣地亚哥-德孔波斯特拉(Santiago de Compostela)汇合的各种路线始于一千年前的朝圣活动,当时天主教会向那些访问教会认为的使徒圣雅各之墓的人提供赎罪券。(“Camino de Santiago”翻译过来就是“圣雅各之路”。)这些徒步之旅在中世纪盛行,随后衰落,之后又从一种小众的精神之旅反弹为全球性的逃避之所;2025年,朝圣办公室发放了530,000份完赛证书,即“compostelas”。

我来到西班牙,希望几百英里的行走能告诉我我的生活将走向何方。在我抵达前一个月,我还是一名商业记者。然后,我的工作消失了。在我收到消息的那晚,TikTok向我推送了一段有人行走在圣雅各之路上的视频。我在华盛顿特区的公寓租约与我的工作在同一天结束,所以这似乎比一直刷新LinkedIn直到灵魂出窍要好得多。

整个经历 圣雅各之路最棒的一点是人们可以在不同的地点加入——这里走一个周末,那里走一周。我选择了法国之路(Camino Francés),这是最著名的路线,并给自己安排了一次完整的中世纪身体体验:行走500英里,背着一个16磅的背包。

我尽力进行了训练,在父母家的地下室里穿着加重背心,在走步机上每天走四五个小时——通过扮演一只仓鼠来为一场拥有1,000年历史的朝圣做准备。我细心地打包了行李。中世纪的朝圣者可能拥有信仰;而我拥有轻量级的REI服装、防磨贴、Hoka跑鞋和视黄醇。

我在4月下旬踏上旅程,很快我就意识到“横跨西班牙”是从攀登比利牛斯山开始的。我不停地停下来拍照,部分是因为比利牛斯山很美——挂着露珠的蜘蛛网、田园风光的石头农舍、从浓雾中走出的马匹——部分是为了让我能停下来,而不至于太明显地表现出我在重新审视自己的人生选择。随后浓雾散去,云海在我脚下汇聚,我想:噢,我可以做到的。

圣雅各之路并非荒野,也不是通常意义上的旅游。它是林间小道和道路,沿着石墙或人行道上的一串黄色箭头前行。它是教堂的钟声;是15欧元的旅舍里的上下铺;是某些宏伟的城市,也是一些因为背着背包的人不断抵达而存在的小镇。

每天早晨,我的手表在6点响起,我会步入柔软的黑暗中,找到第一个箭头并开始行走。我已经习惯了那种动力意味着截止日期和通知的生活。在圣雅各之路上,动力意味着一只脚,然后是另一只脚。如此重复,直到你走完西班牙。

圣雅各之路的吸引力之一在于没有人能在你的日程表上安排会议。但这条路并非寂静——徒步杖敲击石头的声音,雨点拍打雨披的声音,鞋底下滑的碎石声,以及此起彼伏的“buen camino”。

这句话翻译过来是“一路平安”,但在圣雅各之路上,它的含义远不止于此。它是你好,再见,祝好运,愿上帝保佑,请不要挡我的路,以及你一定能行。

圣雅各之路容纳了我们所有人:那些已经走了无数次路的资深者,初次尝试者,以及带着非常具有 2026 年时代特征理由的朝圣者——职业倦怠、事业恐慌,

我更喜欢大城市——潘普洛纳、洛格罗尼奥、布尔戈斯、莱昂——在那里我可以蹒跚地走进城镇广场,用博物馆、大教堂、蘑菇品尝小吃(pinxtos)或足够 35 人食用的西班牙大锅饭来犒劳自己。

但小镇也有其独特的质感,有些地方的人口数量甚至少于晚餐时围坐在桌边的朝圣者人数。卡里翁-德-洛斯-孔德斯(Carrion de los Condes)就是这样一个城镇,当地的名人是四位会唱歌的修女。当修女们询问挤在小房间里的几十名朝圣者最后一首歌想听什么时,我大声提议道:“《乡村路》(Country Roads)怎么样?”在两名弹吉他、一名摇铃和一名击鼓的修女伴奏下,满屋的朝圣者用各种混杂的口音唱起了关于西弗吉尼亚州的故事。

在这个小镇上,我看到了圣雅各之路所能提供的东西:某种古老、奇特、具有共同体意识且有意义的东西,它在每晚 10 点宵禁前抵达的任何人手中被重新塑造。

啊,这场雨

尽管圣雅各之路充满魔力,但它并不会让任何人免于里程的折磨——或是天气的考验。在西班牙这个接近夏季的时节,我原以为自己每隔两小时就需要停下来重新涂一次防晒霜。

最后一张床位。我用一大堆面包和一杯 2 欧元的葡萄酒庆祝了起来。那天晚上,我梦见自己告诉家人我要放弃回家。第二天,我再次启程。

日子一天天堆叠,瞬间亦然。在埃斯特亚(Estella)城外,小径经过一座提供葡萄酒的喷泉。潘普洛纳(Pamplona)的宽恕之丘(Alto del Perdón)——那里有金属材质的朝圣者塑像伫立在天空下,永远地向着风的方向倾斜。莱昂(León),那里的夜晚在凌晨 2 点结束,当时一名美国人和一名意大利人正在用西班牙语唱卡拉 OK。铁十字架(Cruz de Ferro),朝圣者在这里放下从家乡带来的石头,在一座铁十字架下堆起一座由卸下的负担组成的山。

随后,在 5 月底,经过 26 天、500 英里的行走,我抵达了圣地亚哥-德孔波斯特拉(Santiago de Compostela)。我原以为看到大教堂时我会哭出来,这在叙事上似乎比较合适。我的身体已经垮了,骨头里依然感到寒冷。但我笑了——无论是出于喜悦、难以置信,还是我的身体在终于被允许停下来时所能做出的最后反应。

现在怎么办?

我参加了朝圣弥撒,看着著名的香炉在大教堂中摆动。我领取了证书。我入住了一家真正的、正规的酒店。

我来到西班牙,来到圣雅各之路,希望数百英里的行走能告诉我我的生活将走向何方。

悲伤、退休、信仰、逃避。

人们经常出现,在我身边走一段路,然后再次消失在道路中;我曾与一名 82 岁的老人同行 40 分钟,这是他的第 17 次圣雅各之路,随后他将我远远地甩在身后。但有些人并非过客。一名瑞典女性和我正计划在明年夏天进行一次欧洲冒险。我们唯一的规则是:禁止行走。

有一天,天气和我的双脚联手对我发起攻击。倾盆大雨将小径——上坡,然后下坡,再上坡——变成了红粘土和岩石交织的湿滑泥潭;每走一步,我的水泡都用一种全新的语言在尖叫。当我走向我认为是当天最后一英里的路段时,视线内没有城镇。我的手机没有网络。我没有预订床位。我给姐姐打电话,抽泣不止。她告诉我,我当天的行程实际上是 22 英里,而不是 20 英里。于是我跛行,我滑倒,我咒骂。

从顶部起:令人恐惧的梅塞塔高原(Meseta)、我的终点冲刺、免费的葡萄酒喷泉、我的朝圣护照。

但西班牙的雨并没有主要留在平原上,而是主要淋在了我身上。

最终,不可思议地,圣胡安-德-奥尔特加(San Juan de Ortega)出现了。我吃了藤壶,看到了圣雅各的坟墓。我洗了澡,瘫在一张不需要耳塞或梯子就能躺上的床上,然后去购买非 REI 品牌的衣服。那天晚上,我在花园里吃了晚餐,走回大教堂,它在黑暗中显得巨大而静谧。这一次,我坐在那里 20 分钟,让

让整段荒诞、痛苦、滑稽且美妙的旅程洗涤我的内心。

我从未获得过什么宏大的启示。当我抵达圣地亚哥时,并没有什么职业规划从 Botafumeiro 香炉上降临。也没有圣洁的声音告诉我接下来该做什么。但圣雅各之路给了我几千个黄色箭头,这足以指引我回家。在比利牛斯山脉与圣地亚哥之间的某个地方,我明白了,当生活偷走你的动力时,也许答案就是继续行走。

最高 50% 折扣

最后预订机会。 优惠将于 2026 年 8 月 31 日到期。

PRIME MINISTER SECRETARIAT, NEPAL/AFP/GETTY IMAGES

WSJ

THE WALL STREET JOURNAL WEEKEND

DOW JONES

News Corp. ******

SATURDAY/SUNDAY, AUGUST 29 - 30, 2026 \~ VOL. CCLXXXVIII NO. 51

WSJ.com

U.S. Edition

What's News

Business & Finance

♦ Federal Reserve Chairman Kevin Warsh signaled the central bank may not be done fighting inflation with higher interest rates. A1 ♦ Warsh's remarks surprised investors, prompting a sharp increase in short-term U.S. Treasury yields, a more modest rise in longer-term bond yields and declines in major stock indexes. A1

◆ Gap's shares soared after the company said sales rose 10%, a sign the brand is undergoing a renaissance. B9

◆ Blockbuster earnings from CXMT, one of China's biggest memory chip-makers, highlight how companies are cashing in on the AI boom. B9

♦ Alphabet's Google is changing how certain websites with third-party content rank in search results in the EU, a move to appease regulators and avoid a fine. B10

◆ Net profit at BYD, the world's top EV seller, rebounded despite slightly lower revenue in the second quarter. B10

- Italy's Assicurazioni Generali says it is willing to consider a \$10.2 billion takeover offer for private bank Banca Generali from rival Monte dei Paschi di Siena. B10

◆ The FDA will let Juul sell a new version of its e-cigarette and tobacco- and menthol-flavored pods. B10

Worldwide

◆ The U.S. has rushed so many munitions to the Middle East to fight Iran that military planners are concerned the loss of firepower is diminishing America's ability to defend against potential threats from China and Russia. A1

◆ More than 2,480 people are missing and at least 584 people are confirmed dead in Nepal and China following Wednesday's flood, as rescue efforts continued. A7

◆ Trump confirmed the U.S. reached a deal with Venezuela to secure a big chunk of the country's oil reserves. A8

◆ Defense Secretary Hegseth is considering inviting hundreds of senior military personnel back for an address at Quantico, where he delivered his “no more beardos” speech last fall. A3

◆ Icelanders will vote Saturday on whether to restart EU membership negotiations, a process Reykjavík abandoned more than a decade ago. A10

◆ Russia resumed its drone barrage of Ukraine's Kyiv region, hitting more than a dozen apartment buildings and storage depots. A7

◆ Died: King Harald V, 89, longtime Norway monarch. A7

PEGGY NOONAN Dolly Parton leaves us wanting more. A15

JOURNAL REPORT Travel: Puffin lovers descend on Maine. R1-10

Obituaries..... C6 Opinion..... A13-15 Sports..... A12 Style & Fashion D2-3,9 Travel..... D8 U.S. News..... A2-4,6 World News.. A7-8,10


© 2026 Dow Jones & Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved


Fed Chairman Kevin Warsh, left, takes a break in the rain Friday with Bank of England Gov. Andrew Bailey, center, and Bank of Canada Gov. Tiff Macklem at the Jackson Hole symposium.

Drug Companies Speed Toward a Patent Cliff

BY XAVIER MARTINEZ

Most companies sell a hit product for as long as customers want it. For drugmakers, a clock starts before a drug is even approved: Patents run out, lower-priced copycats flood in and sales collapse. Billions of dollars of annual sales can evaporate, sometimes within a year.

The pharma industry is entering its biggest wave of patent expirations in decades. The world's bestselling drug in 2025, Merck's cancer immunotherapy Keytruda, loses U.S. patent protection in 2028, and nearly every pharma company has at least one blockbuster drug that will go off patent in the next five years.

It explains why stocks went wild when Moderna and Merck announced their experimental cancer vaccine had succeeded in a major trial. The vaccine could give Merck a new revenue stream to offset the Keytruda cliff. Biotechs like Revolution Medicines, which had its pancreatic cancer drug approved this week, have attracted takeover interest this year as companies look for partnerships and takeover targets.

The scale of the cliff “is what has driven, and will continue to drive, companies to seek out new growth opportunities,” said Greg Graves, a senior partner in the life sciences division of McKinsey.

Warsh Signals Rate Increase Is on the Table

In all, more than \$500 billion of projected global sales Please turn to page A2

By Nick Timiraos

JACKSON HOLE, Wyo.—Federal Reserve Chairman Kevin Warsh signaled the central bank hasn't ruled out fighting inflation with higher interest rates.

The remarks were his most substantive since he took over this spring, and investors took them as a sign the Fed is more likely to raise rates. Warsh said he saw little sign that borrowing and lending conditions were restraining the economy, and that better inflation readings this summer hadn't convinced him the underlying trend was improving.

“We must be confident that underlying inflation is moving to our objective, clearly and at sufficient speed. Otherwise, we have work to do,” he said

Friday in his first speech as Fed chairman, a highly anticipated debut at the Kansas City Fed's annual symposium in Wyoming.

Traders raised the odds of a rate increase next month to just under 60% from 35% on Thursday. Warsh himself stopped short of that, offering no hint about the Fed's next move, in keeping with his approach to how the central bank should communicate less. "I stand here today committed to a discipline, not to a decision," he said.

Major stock indexes ended the day slightly lower, while 10- and 30-year Treasury yields rose slightly.

The White House didn't respond to a request for comment about Warsh's speech.

Please turn to page A6

Traders Take Note, Bet Hike Is Coming

BY SAM GOLDFARB AND HANNAH ERIN LANG

Kevin Warsh keeps flipping the script on markets.

put a September interest-rate increase in play.

The Federal Reserve chairman surprised investors Friday by signaling greater concern about inflation than many had anticipated, prompting a sharp increase in short-term U.S. Treasury yields, a more modest rise in longer-term bond yields and declines in major stock indexes.

Warsh's suggestion that the Fed might have more “work to do” to fight inflation suddenly

Interest-rate futures Friday afternoon showed that traders anticipate a roughly 58% chance that the Fed will raise rates at its next meeting, up from 35% on Thursday, according to CME Group data.

The remarks eased concerns that Warsh might be reluctant to raise interest rates because of pressure from President Trump—a worry that had contributed to a recent rise in longer-term Treasury yields, which play a major role in de-Please turn to page A6

INSIDE


EXCHANGE Dolly Parton and the powering force that built her empire. B1


WORLD NEWS

More than 2,480 are missing as Himalayan flood death toll rises. A7

Timber Was Southern Gold. Then a Market Collapsed.

Mill closures have axed demand for pulpwood, marking the biggest threat since the fall of King Cotton

BY RYAN DEZEMBER

region is threatening the prospects of a fifth generation working the woods.

SAVANNAH, Ga.—Bill Howard's family has earned a living from the piney woods of southeast Georgia since 1898, when his great-grandfather and seven great-great uncles started cutting lumber with a portable sawmill.

Over four generations, the Howards built a permanent mill in Statesboro, Ga., and added timberland to feed it. Today the family employs roughly 300 people between the sawmill, two other plants and three builder-supply yards.

The collapse of pulpwood markets in the

The South, and Georgia in particular, have borne the brunt of a historic run of pulp and paper-mill closures as recycled boxes, cheap imported pulp and more thrifty packing by e-commerce giants, including Amazon.com, have hit demand. Last year, the U.S. shed roughly 10% of its capacity to produce containerboard, the thick paper used to make shipping and moving boxes.

Demand for pulpwood—trees unfit for making lumber but fine for cardboard and paper—plummeted. So did demand for wood Please turn to page A11

'Grand Theft Auto VI' Is Going to Be a Work Blackout

* * *

After waiting 13 years for a new installment, gamers have deemed it an unofficial holiday

BY ASHLEY WONG

Bud Burruss plans to take five days off the week before Thanksgiving. The 36-year-old software engineer won't be traveling far or preparing a feast.

He'll be in his "cave" playing "Grand Theft Auto VI."


Game on

“We’ve got a couple of days where we’re like, ‘Daddy’s very busy,’” said the dad of three. He'll be locked in Thursday and Friday, then slowly return to parental duties in time for the weekend and holiday.

"I'm not going to be playing it for, like, 20 hours straight like an absentee father. But right out of the gate we're going hard."

When "Grand

Theft Auto VI" is released on Nov. 19, it will mark the end of Please turn to page A11

U.S. Arms Drain Increases Worries Over Ability to Deter China, Russia

The U.S. has rushed so many munitions to the Middle East to fight Iran that military planners are concerned the loss of firepower is diminishing Amer-

By Shelby Holliday, Michael R. Gordon, and Lara Seligman

ica's ability to defend against potential threats from China and Russia, U.S. officials said.

The cuts have been so deep the U.S. inventories in Europe of PAC-3 Patriot air defense interceptors and Atacms surface-to-surface missiles are deemed to be “beyond critical,” some of the officials said.

The U.S. and Iran have mostly halted direct attacks in recent weeks. But a concern is that refilling weapons stocks moved from countries like Japan, South Korea and Germany could take years, leaving soft spots in the U.S. global military posture even as Western military officials don't assess that full-scale attacks by China and Russia are imminent, officials said.

In addition to Patriot interceptors, other European-based weapons have been drawn down to extremely low levels, including precision-strike missiles and guided rockets, officials said. Thaad antimissile interceptors and Merops counterdrone systems have also been sent from Europe to the Middle East, further diminishing supplies on the continent.

The shrinking inventories have led the U.S. European Command to adjust its operational plans, officials said. They have also increasingly led administration officials to assess that the U.S. couldn't fully execute contingency plans to defend Taiwan from a Chinese in-Please turn to page A10

◆ Hegseth weighs address to military leaders...... A3 ◆ Xi turns oil into shield against West...... A8

Sources: Norstella analysis of regulatory and company filings (sales at risk); the companies (Revlimid sales)

CAPITAL ACCOUNT | By Greg Ip

World Should Act to Push Up Yuan


*Quarterly data. Based on China's current account adjusted for gold imports, investment income, and changes to Chinese data methodology. Sources: Brad Setser, Council on Foreign Relations (yuan); Goldman Sachs (price discount)


Chinese yuan relative to fundamentals. Negative means undervalued.*

In 1985, the world's leading economic powers met at New York's Plaza Hotel to deal with a currency so out of

whack it was putting the global economy at risk.

The world today needs another Plaza Accord, this one not to bring down an overvalued dollar but to push up China's undervalued yuan.

China's growing trade surplus threatens to hollow out its trading partners' industrial bases. For years, the rest of the world has pleaded with China to change its economic model to rely more on domestic demand, and less on exports, to no avail.

A currency accord, enforced with tariffs, might be the only way to get China to act. The time may be ripe. Frustration with China is boiling over, especially in Europe. “This Chinese surge now threatens...the very core of Europe’s productive system,” a French government report said in February. In June, German Chancellor Friedrich Merz called for a new Plaza Accord aimed at China.

A meeting by central bank governors and finance ministers from top economies this weekend in Asheville, N.C., would be a good place to start the conversation.

Two facts aren't in dispute. First, China has a monstrous and growing trade surplus. Goldman Sachs projects it will hit \$1.2 trillion this year. It estimates that its surplus on the “current account”—a measure encompassing goods, services and investment income—is headed to 1% of global GDP, a share no country has achieved in postwar history.

Second, its currency is deeply undervalued relative to where fundamentals such as trade balance and purchasing power say it should trade: by 19%, according to Goldman, and by 35%, according to Brad Setser, a scholar at the Council on Foreign Relations.

The disagreement is over the link: Did the second cause the first?

In the view of the International Monetary Fund and most orthodox economists, the undervalued yuan isn't the cause of China's current-account surplus but a symptom of inadequate domestic demand.

The current account reflects the difference between how much a nation saves and invests. In the orthodox view, this is rooted in economies' underlying structure. The U.S. runs a current-account deficit because it saves too little. China runs a current-account surplus because it saves too much.

The IMF attributes China's excess saving to structural

factors such as an inadequate safety net and a fiscal system that taxes households too heavily and thus depresses consumption. More recently, a collapsed property bubble has shriveled investment and further widened the current-account surplus.

The alternate view is that China fixes its currency with the explicit aim of boosting exports and suppressing imports. A cheap yuan lowers Chinese prices abroad and raises foreign prices in China, boosting the surplus. It also shifts “income between consumers of tradable goods and producers of tradable goods,” writes Michael Pettis, a China expert affiliated with the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. This depresses consumption and expands the current-account surplus.

China's currency has traded in a relatively stable range against the dollar for a decade. But as Goldman economists Kamakshya Trivedi and Hui Shan show, goods prices have fallen in China

since the pandemic, a result of lockdowns and the property bust, while rising in developed markets because of stimulus and supply-chain disruptions. This means the inflation-adjusted yuan exchange rate has plummeted.

This has increased China's competitiveness. Goldman compared costs experienced by manufacturers in China, such as New Balance and Tesla, with their costs elsewhere, and prices of Chinese companies, such as Haier, to foreign peers such as Siemens. China's price discount is $32\%$ in electric vehicles, $38\%$ in refrigerators and $53\%$ in shoes. In theory, such gaps shouldn't persist if the yuan is fairly valued.

Chinese officials pay only lip service to boosting consumption. Xi Jinping believes boosting exports while restricting imports makes the world more dependent on China and China less dependent on the world.

Goldman economists argue that currency revaluation would complement domestic reforms by sustaining growth as the trade surplus shrinks. Yet the undervalued yuan takes the pressure off China to reform because it sustains exports while the rest of the economy is moribund, Setser says.

In the Plaza Accord, the U.S. and allies combined joint intervention to push the dollar down against the West German and Japanese currencies with domestic reforms, such as a narrower U.S. budget deficit. It worked.

West Germany and Japan, though, were close American allies. “China will not accept using exchange rates as a pretext for oppression, nor will it return to the old era of great powers coordinating the fate of a few countries,” the Global Times, a mouthpiece for the Chinese Communist Party, said in June.

Nor can China's trading partners simply buy up yuan to force it higher, since China tightly controls access to its currency. Instead, they could impose tariffs, with a promise to dial them back if China revalues.

President Trump, of course, likes tariffs and might not be willing to trade them for currency appreciation. Nor has he shown much interest in deficit reduction. Other countries are reluctant to antagonize China and aren't disposed to cooperate with Trump.

Yet if they can get past the politics, the U.S. and its allies would recognize a common problem, and that a currency accord could be the cleanest, least distorting and most effective solution.

Japan Finds Little Gain With Yen Intervention

BY MEGUMI FUJIKAWA

TOKYO—Japan spent \$98.7 billion to prop up the yen in the past month in a joint action with the U.S., a record intervention that has had a modest impact so far.

The yen has given up many of its initial gains, highlighting the limitations of government efforts to move prices in financial markets. The U.S. has also tried to stem a rise in bond yields with limited success.

Data released Friday confirmed for the first time the historic scale of the operation that started in late July with the backing of Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent. Combined with a defense of the currency in April and May, Japan's intervention spending this year has reached \$170 billion, reflecting Tokyo's anxiety after its currency fell to a 40-year low this year.

A notepad in front of Bessent at a cabinet meeting on July 31 said buying \$5 billion to \$10 billion of yen was on his to-do list, although he hasn't subsequently stated the exact amount the U.S. spent.

The intervention succeeded in strengthening the yen somewhat. The currency was trading Friday between 159 and 160 yen to the dollar. Before the intervention, the yen had weakened to nearly 164 yen to the dollar, a level that hadn't been seen since 1986.

Yen weakness will be difficult to correct because a factor driving its decline is sales of yen by foreign investors to cover currency risk when they invest in the Japanese stock market, analysts at Citi said in a note to clients Friday.

Big Pharma Faces Cliff For Patents

Continued from Page One

are at risk of losing patent protection by 2033, according to biopharma market-research company Norstella. The patent cliff has driven a wave of acquisitions as drugmakers race to replace expiring revenue before it vanishes. Dealmaking is at its highest level in seven years.

The blockbuster GLP-1 Ozempic, which put the idea of weight-loss drugs on the map, is one of the bigger looming patent losses. Its maker, Novo Nordisk, faces the most exposure of any major drugmaker: 77% of what made up its 2025 sales is set to lose patent protection by the end of 2033. Most of that is due to the patent expiration of Ozempic in the early 2030s, which generated nearly \$20 billion in sales last year.

“Patent expiry is a natural part of a pharmaceutical product life cycle,” a Novo Nordisk spokesman said, adding that the company is “well equipped to navigate the evolving landscape that accompanies loss of exclusivity.”

Cancer immunotherapies like Keytruda and rival drug Opdivo are some of the other major blockbusters set to lose patent protection this decade. That means Merck, the maker of Keytruda, and Bristol Myers Squibb, which produces Opdivo, each have more than 65% of last year's sales exposed because of these patent expirations along with others.

Keytruda, which is used to treat more than 20 different types of cancer and generated nearly \$32 billion last year, is the best-selling product set to expire before the end of this decade.

Double blow

Some blockbuster patent expirations affect multiple companies. For New Jersey-based Bristol Myers, one of its biggest drugs, blood-thinner Eliquis, is losing exclusivity. That drug brought in more than \$14 billion last year—30% of the company's total revenue—though much of that was split with Pfizer.

Bristol Myers and Pfizer comarket Eliquis and share profits equally throughout much of the world, so both companies face a hit. For Pfizer, Eliquis made up 13% of total pharmaceutical sales last year.

The speed at which rivals move in to capture sales varies by the type of drug and how expensive it is to produce.


AbbVie protected its blockbuster drug Humira by filing more than 100 patents in the U.S.

Patents expire at different times depending on the country, too, meaning that competition could enter in Europe or Canada at a different time than in the U.S. That is already happening with Ozempic in Canada. The risk for drugmakers is that Americans start buying the drugs for lower prices through online Canadian pharmacies, which is technically not legal but rarely policed.

Companies have a playbook for fighting their revenue cliffs—and holding on to sales for drugs losing patent protection for as long as they can.

Take the case of Bristol Myers's blood cancer therapy Revlimid. Its main patent expired in 2019, but the company settled lawsuits with generic makers years earlier. The deals pushed back generic entry to 2022 and restricted how much of the market they could take at first.

Many generic drugmakers agreed to hold off launching in the U.S. until 2022, then sell only up to limited quantities, starting at a low single-digit percentage of the market and rising to 30% by 2025. Bristol Myers's sales peaked at \$12.8 billion in 2021, and unrestricted competition didn't arrive until January 2026, seven years after the underlying patent expired.

*At-risk sales calculated using consensus forecast revenue from the full calendar year before patent expiry. Products are labeled at-risk if their primary composition-of-matter patent expires or if other key exclusivity date occurs. †Bristol Myers Squibb bought Celgene, Revlimid's developer, in 2019. 2019 sales are pro-forma. Sources: Norvella analysis of regulatory and company filings (sales at risk); the companies (Revlimid sales).

The process unfolded differently outside the U.S. Generics launched outside of the U.S. in 2022 with no volume limits. International sales of brand-name Revlimid fell more than 60% the first year after generics went on sale.

AbbVie protected its blockbuster drug Humira by filing more than 100 patents in the U.S. Rival copies known as biosimilars didn't go on sale until 2023, five years after they launched in Europe.

In search of new sources of sales, pharmaceutical companies have opened their wallets.

Companies spent \$114 billion on dealmaking last quarter—the most since 2019 and the fourth-most of any quarter since 2010, according to financial-data provider LSEG.

Merck, AbbVie and GSK have each announced deals valued at more than \$5 billion since the start of this year.

More deals

Deals and partnerships like these can move the needle for big drugmakers. Merck's 2016 cancer vaccine partnership with Moderna paid off when the companies announced that the treatment had prevented the spread of melanoma last week. Merck added more than \$40 billion to its market cap in one day.

The patent cliff is bringing private investors into biotech and pharma as well. Companies raised nearly \$15 billion in the June quarter—the most since 2021.

The promise of more deals is driving shares higher. The S&P Biotechnology Select Index is up more than 30% year to date.

Not all companies are facing the same cliff. With its relatively newer GLP-1 drug, Eli Lilly stands apart from most of the big drugmakers. The drugmaker isn't staring down large near-term patent losses.

Patents protecting Mounjaro and Zepbound, the company's popular obesity and diabetes drugs, won't expire until the latter half of the next decade.

CORRECTIONS & AMPLIFICATIONS

Ferretly's past clients have included Deloitte, Ally Financial and BBDO for work related to employees and nonemployees. A July 20 Personal Journal column about digital-background checks incorrectly said those companies are current Ferretly clients and implied that past work was restricted to employees.

Readers can alert The Wall Street Journal to any errors in news articles by emailing wsjcontact@wsj.com or by calling 888-762-5450.

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NYC Mayor Hones Message To CEO Class

BY KEVIN T. DUGAN

In April, New York City Mayor Zohran Mamdani met with Hamdi Ulukaya, the billionaire CEO of yogurt maker Chobani. The message Ulukaya delivered: You need to learn to talk to CEOs.

At the time, Mamdani was mired in outrage from the business community over a video touting a new pied-à-terre tax that was shot outside Ken Griffin's luxury apartment, a move many of the city's wealthy felt was mean-spirited and disregarded their safety. The mayor would later tell confidantes that he didn't foresee the blowback, and he would do it differently if he could.

“You should have a regular dialogue with the business community,” Ulukaya told Mamdani, said Kathryn Wylde, the former CEO of the Partnership for New York City, who was also at the meeting.

Four months later, the mayor's office named a 15-member business advisory council to do just that. But in a city where wealth and power can confer its own kind of celebrity status, the names announced Thursday weren't among those appearing in society columns. No major Wall Street banks, hedge funds or private-equity companies are among those represented.

The council's makeup, which includes the CEO of the WNBA's

New York Liberty and a smattering of investment and insurance executives, appears to reflect the type of executives who would be supportive of the administration's agenda. That was some-

what new ground for Mamdani, perhaps the most high-profile member of the Democratic Socialists of America.

A spokesman for the DSA didn't return a request to comment about Mamdani's picks.

There are signs Mamdani has warmed to some of his richest constituents.

“It’s an honest effort by the mayor to get direct input from a group of business people that are not part of his natural constituency,” said Wylde, who sometimes acts as an informal adviser to the mayor. “He isn’t used to messaging to this constituency, and doesn’t necessarily anticipate how they’re going to react to various policies or statements.”

The council comes as the realities of governing the financial capital of the U.S. have come into focus for the 34-year-old mayor. Mamdani remains popular and influential, commanding high approval numbers from likely voters and acting as a kingmaker for candidates who can enact his affordability agenda. But his willingness to provoke billionaires and executives has created headaches for City Hall.

His Griffin video hasn't been the only clash with the city's power elite. The rollout of the names and addresses of homeowners on the hook for the new pied-à-terre tax—intended to tap the wealth of rich non-New Yorkers—included thousands of full-time residents. Some have criticized an economic development group, responsible for megaprojects like the Highline, that has been focused on a handful of city-run grocery stores.

More recently, there are signs Mamdani has warmed to some of his richest constituents.

“Bill and I don’t agree on much, but on this we do," Mamdani wrote this week on X, in a post quoting billionaire investor Bill Ackman criticizing the U.S. Open for the cost of tickets. The mayor announced on Tuesday he would make 1,000 tickets available at \$100 a pop through the city.

MICHAEL BROCHSTEIN/ZUMA PRESS

“Here is hoping there is more room for agreement. Well done on the Open,” replied Ackman, who has been critical of Mamdani in the past.

The mayor has made other conciliatory gestures. He has visited with Wall Street titans like Jamie Dimon, cut red tape for small businesses and trumpeted the surge in corporate real-estate rentals. CEOs have groused that these can seem like token gestures.

So far, the council hasn't provoked a reaction, good or bad.

"The purpose of the Council is to help shape the administration's economic development policies based on direct feedback from business leaders across key sectors," a spokesman for the mayor said.

Among its members are Ulukaya, who has promised to give away most of his fortune, and plans to use part of Chobani's new city offices to incubate food startups. Marcus Samuelsson, the celebrity chef, is involved in multiple charities to feed youth and help jump-start careers in the culinary industry.

Another member is Priscilla Sims Brown, the CEO of Amalgamated Bank, and the only active head of a bank.

ated, which was founded in 1923 by labor organizer Sidney Hillman, is one of the smaller financial institutions in the country's financial nerve center, with a single branch in Manhattan.

“I don’t see my role as speaking for Wall Street—I’m there to bring the perspective of Amalgamated’s clients and communities,” Brown said in a statement.

The council's first meeting is tentatively scheduled for the end of September, though it is unclear what is on the agenda. Even less certain is whether the council will be able to smooth relations with Mamdani's fiercest critics.

A spokesman for Griffin demurred when asked whether the billionaire had any thoughts about the council. “I don’t think this is a piece that needs Ken’s voice,” he said.


Mayor Zohran Mamdani

Voting-Rights Rally Marks King's 'Dream' Speech


HISTORIC ECHO: People march Friday in Washington on the anniversary of the 1963 civil-rights protest where Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his famous 'I Have a Dream' speech. The rally criticized changes in voting laws and redistricting.

Blue-Collar Jobs Become Flashpoint In Growing Battle Over Data Centers


Workers inside a Microsoft data center under construction in Mount Pleasant, Wis., in 2025.
AUDREY RICHARDSON/REUTERS

BY LINDSAY ELLIS

AND AMRITH RAMKUMAR

Much of the public outcry over data-center construction has centered on electricity costs, water consumption and noise. Now, a new battlefront is opening up over jobs, too.

Call it the backlash to the backlash: Nationwide resistance to the construction has grown so broad that politicians on both sides of the aisle have halted approvals or tightened oversight as midterm elections approach. Unions and construction trade groups are now entering the fray from the other side, warning that such actions endanger thousands of building-related jobs. They are threatening to withhold support of candidates opposing the data-center projects.

In some cases, these groups are breaking with longtime political allies to support those who back construction. In a memo circulated to members and viewed by The Wall Street Journal, the Steamfitters UA Local 602, whose members install mechanical piping systems in Virginia, Maryland and Washington, D.C., wrote that it is drawing a “clear line” and won’t support politicians who oppose the facilities.

Union support

In Kansas, a union representing HVAC and railroad workers broke from decades of precedent to endorse Republican state Sen. Ty Masterson for governor, in part because of the Democratic candidate's opposition to the construction. In some cases, the unions are working alongside companies building data centers and running artificial-intelligence models in their advocacy.

Sidney Bonilla, treasurer and business manager of Steamfitters UA Local 602, said his members knock on doors for candidates and help finance campaigns. Though the union has historically tended to back Democrats, Bonilla said those dollars and organizational support are on the line.

The union will scrutinize politicians' records on the data-center issue before offering support, he said, and he expects other unions to follow suit. “We are dependent on these jobs,” he said.

The union support is a welcome development for data-center companies, which are contending with a slowdown in approvals for new construction. The build-out is key for AI companies such as OpenAI and Anthropic to support more powerful models and meet growth targets, and it has become a major economic driver.

All of that has made for tricky political terrain ahead of midterm elections. In Wisconsin, Democratic gubernatorial candidate David Crowley, the son of an electrician, has won support from some building trade unions and been attacked by Republican Rep. Tom Tiffany for being in the pocket of labor groups and the companies building data centers. Crowley has supported some restrictions on data centers but stopped short of backing a ban or pause.

In other races, Democrats have criticized their opponents for supporting the datacenter boom. Some Republicans are adopting the tactic, even if they previously supported the facilities and their economic benefits.

“You're not a friend if you're taking away great career opportunities,” said Don Slaiman, political coordinator of IBEW Local 26, a union representing electricians in Washington, Maryland and Virginia. Many of the jobs pay good wages with benefits, he said. “This is a once-in-a-generation opportunity to really get in the upper-middle class.”

President Trump has continued to support the build-out despite growing opposition from within his own party, saying that data centers make sense if built in proper locations with appropriate guidelines.

During construction, data centers need people who can pour concrete, wire electric panels and install equipment like power generators and chillers to keep servers cool. Once the centers are built, they don't employ as many workers but would provide steady streams of tax revenue to fund local schools and other projects. Some locals have opposed the tax breaks that attract the investment, prompting some states to pause or claw them back.

The build-out has pushed Meta Platforms and other tech companies to invest in training skilled workers. OpenAI, Alphabet's Google and Microsoft also have partnerships with unions and have highlighted worker shortages as a key bottleneck for the U.S. in the AI race.

Divisive issue

Some unions representing white-collar workers, on the other hand, are less supportive of the data-center construction. Bridging the divide between those factions will be challenging for the AFL-CIO, the largest federation of unions in the U.S., said Todd Vachon, director of the Labor Education Action Research Network at Rutgers University in New Jersey.

The AFL-CIO's affiliated unions in June passed a resolution that called for guardrails on AI and data centers. It acknowledged that data centers employ tens of thousands of union members while pledging to fight to keep AI from degrading job quality.

Politicians are also in a bind. Many need labor support, but that could require backing the highly unpopular data centers, Vachon said: “How’s that going to come on Election Day?”

Hegseth Weighs Making Another Address to Military Leaders

BY LARA SELIGMAN

Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth is considering inviting hundreds of senior military personnel back for an address at Marine Corps Base Quantico this year, where he delivered his “no more beardos” speech last fall, according to U.S. officials.

Last September, Hegseth ordered all of the country's generals and admirals to gather at Quantico, in Virginia, on short notice and without a stated reason, surprising senior military officers and stirring some consternation in their ranks. Hegseth used the unusual event to roll out his priorities, focusing on rejecting the previous administration's policies.

"The military has been forced by foolish and reckless politicians to focus on the wrong things," Hegseth said.

“In many ways, this speech is about fixing decades of decay, some of it obvious, some of it hidden.”

Hegseth would likely use the venue once more to outline his priorities, the officials said. One of the officials said Hegseth would also release a new set of directives to the force.

It couldn't be determined when the meeting would be and whether it will include all serving admirals and generals.

“We have nothing to announce at this time,” said Pentagon spokesman Joel Valdez.

Since becoming Pentagon chief last year, Hegseth has made it his goal to reverse the previous administration's diversity and inclusion efforts, which he has long contended hurt U.S. military standards, and restore a culture that gives priority to physical standards. But he has been criticized by experts and former officials who say he is steering the services in an overtly partisan direction.

In last year's address, Hegseth emphasized reinforcing standards in the military, saying that personnel would be judged on their fitness and appearance.

"The era of unprofessional appearance is over," Hegseth said. "No more beardos."

The Pentagon simultaneously released 11 memorandums that set out the administration's priorities for the department, including new fitness and grooming standards.

"When it comes to any job that requires physical power to perform in combat, those physical standards must be high and gender-neutral," Hegseth said. "If that means no women qualify for some combat jobs, so be it."

U.S. NEWS

El-Sayed Works on Purple-State Pitch


Abdul El-Sayed attended a rally in Ferndale, Mich., in early July, before his Senate Democratic primary victory.

Michigan Democrat woos independents after the left spurred Senate primary win

BY SABRINA RODRIGUEZ AND JOHN MCCORMICK

Abdul El-Sayed's latest ads showcase his Michigan roots, including his stepmother's white Presbyterian parents and a photo from his suburban high-school football days.

For Michigan's Democratic U.S. Senate candidate, a central challenge heading to the midterms is convincing people his progressive politics are compatible with the mainstream in a purple state and that his Muslim faith shouldn't be a barrier to winning.

He faces Republican former Rep. Mike Rogers in a state that delivered the second-narrowest 2024 presidential election margin, to President Trump, and where independent voters will play a key role in November.

El-Sayed has taken steps to connect with voters beyond the progressive base, while Republicans highlight his Muslim faith and seek to portray him as a cultural outsider. If elected, El-Sayed would be the nation's first Muslim senator.

In the past week, the progressive distanced himself from Hasan Piker after the controversial left-wing streamer suggested American Jews' support for Israel could put them at risk. El-Sayed in a Fox News interview also cast himself as focused on kitchen-table issues—not the culture war.

The Fox News appearance was a high-profile attempt by El-Sayed to reach beyond the Democratic base and served as an opportunity to animate Democrats who want their candidates to be fighters unafraid to spar with Fox anchors. In the 25-minute interview, El-Sayed faced intense questioning from host Jesse Watters on a range of subjects from Shariah law to immigration enforcement to transgender athletes—and their exchange at times led to mocking and laughter from both men.

“His goal was to not be scary, to not be the monster that they’re going to try to make him out to be. That, first and foremost, I think was the objective and the second was to reassure and remind the base that they can win in enemy territory,” said Mike Madrid, a Republican strategist and co-founder of the anti-Trump Lincoln Project.

"If you do that effectively, which I think he did, I think it starts to cement you in the center with those voters that you need to win," Madrid added.

The day after the interview, Watters seemingly confirmed that El-Sayed's charm offensive was effective.

"He was compelling. He's a confident guy, kind of a guy's guy—but I don't trust him,"

El-Sayed's victory in the primary was buoyed by support from young and highly educated voters. Part of his strength with young voters, Democratic strategists say, stems from his own youth—he is 41—and understanding of internet culture.

On the campaign trail he also showcases his masculinity, frequently wearing a fitted black T-shirt that shows off his biceps and displays his fitness. In one recent online fundraising pitch, El-Sayed is shown rock climbing indoors, arm muscles bulging.

In the Fox News interview, El-Sayed repeatedly called the 63-year-old Rogers a “beta,” a slang term among young people to describe a person who is weak or passive.

Candidate Rejects Socialist Label

"I feel really good about being able to bring communities together and beat Mike Rogers, who you and I both agree is a beta and won't come on your show and won't debate me," El-Sayed said. Watters laughed. El-Sayed then noted that Watters laughed at that joke because he agreed with him. Watters laughed again.

Abdul El-Sayed identifies as a progressive populist and has repeatedly rejected the label of a socialist, describing himself as a capitalist. He isn't a member of the Democratic Socialists of America, although he has support from many in that movement.

Like many far-left candidates, El-Sayed supports Medicare for All, taxpayer-subsidized child care and abolishing the U.S. Immigration and Customs En-

Watters said, smiling. “You know, I like him. I don’t want to like him. I like him for some stupid reason, but he’s not right for Michigan.”

forcement agency. He calls Israel's actions in Gaza genocide.

Richard Czuba, a Michigan pollster, said the ad featuring El-Sayed's step-grandparents is a potentially effective way to counter some Republican attacks.

“Republicans are using a lot of language that is coded, not very subtly, about his name and his religion,” he said. “They want to make him look and sound different.”

“Abdul isn’t afraid of a fight,” he said. “He has spent this entire campaign showing up, taking tough questions and making his case directly to voters. As Republicans lean on tired tropes, culture wars and no solutions, our campaign will continue to show that Abdul is as Michigan as it gets.”

Cole Wozniak, an El-Sayed spokesman, said the Fox appearance was part of the campaign's effort to not write off any voters.

Democrats nominated El-Sayed over Rep. Haley Stevens, who argued throughout the primary that her opponents' far-left views would turn off swing voters in November's election. But El-Sayed, a former local public-health official, proved to be the stronger political athlete as he won by less than a percentage point this month.

Appearing on Fox is increasingly part of the playbook some Democrats—including potential 2028 presidential contenders—have adopted to engage with the network’s conservative audience.

El-Sayed's internet savvy has also faced scrutiny. During the primary, he teamed up with Piker, a streamer with 3.1 million followers on Twitch, to court young voters. Piker's rise has become a source of tension for Democrats, exposing divisions over how far left the party should move and how Democrats should appeal to younger voters.

In the Fox News interview, El-Sayed repeatedly responded to questions related to culture-war issues by rerouting the conversation to Michiganders' economic concerns. In one exchange, Watters asked El-Sayed about Shariah law, the religious and moral code of Islam—and El-Sayed ultimately called it out as a distraction.

"The issue that people are worried about isn't that somehow somebody's going to push Shariah law on them," El-Sayed said.

U.S. WATCH


MARK SCHIEFELBEIN/AP
HONORED: Artemis II commander Reid Wiseman shakes hands with fellow astronauts, from right, Jeremy Hansen, Christina Koch and Victor Glover, after the crew accepted the Congressional Space Medal of Honor presented by President Trump in Houston on Friday.

TEXAS

U.S. Will Establish A Space Academy

The U.S. will develop an academy to train personnel for government space jobs, along the lines of institutions that do the same for the Air Force and Coast Guard.

President Trump signed an executive order Friday to establish the U.S. Space Academy, during an event at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Johnson Space Center in Houston. The new institution will aim to prepare people to take on a range of positions at NASA, in military space agencies and the private sector, according to the White House.

The academy will be led by NASA and offer both technical education and leadership training. Jared Isaacman, the NASA administrator, will serve as chairman of a presidential commission set up to advise the president on creating the institution.

Trump signed the order Friday at an event dedicated to the astronauts who flew around the moon and back earlier this year on NASA's Artemis II mission. Each astronaut was awarded a Congressional Space Medal of Honor.

—Micah Maidenberg

LOUISIANA

ICE Detains U.K. Media Provocateur

Media provocateur Milo Yi-annopoulos has been detained by Immigration and Customs Enforcement for allegedly overstaying his visa, according to the Department of Homeland Security.

An immigration judge is- sued the British conservative commentator a deportation order on July 22 after he missed an immigration hear- ing, according to DHS.

ICE agents arrested Yiannopoulos at the Louis Armstrong New Orleans International Airport in Kenner, La., on Thursday.

"He chose to overstay his welcome in violation of our nation's laws," a department spokesperson said. Yiannopoulos legally entered the country in 2019, the department said. He will remain in ICE custody pending removal, according to DHS.

In prior public remarks, Yi-annopoulos has been a supporter of President Trump's immigration crackdown. In a 2025 social-media post, he urged the administration to deport millions of people from the U.S., saying “nothing else matters.”

—Jack Morphet

WHITE HOUSE

Employee Settles Kalshi Trade Probe

The White House tele-prompter operator under investigation for placing bets using proprietary information faces penalties from the Kalshi prediction market and federal regulators after reaching a settlement.

Gabriel Perez, the operator, will pay a \$65,000 civil monetary penalty and give up more than \$107,000 won in bets to the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. He will be suspended from trading for three years.

Kalshi's lawyer and head of government enforcement Robert DeNault said in a social-media post late Friday that Perez was also subject to penalties by the company as part of the settlement.

The White House didn't re-turn a request for comment.

The settlement comes after federal regulators probed Perez for making more than \$100,000 in wagers based on early access to President Trump's speeches. The White House had previously warned staff against using their roles to make bets on prediction markets. Perez was placed on unpaid administrative leave.

f

An open letter to TikTok and YouTube to join us in supporting teens

We are announcing an agreement we have reached with a bipartisan group of 52 attorneys general across US states, territories, and the District of Columbia, building on our longstanding efforts to empower parents and support teens.

Through this agreement, we have set out a path toward industry-wide commitments to further empower parents by introducing:

• A two-hour daily time limit

- Turning off access to our apps at night as a default

• No notifications during school hours

- Clear prompts and notifications to teens every 15 minutes of continuous screen time

- New parental supervision controls, so parents can decide how their teens use our apps

We want to ensure teens benefit from this new industry standard, but we cannot do it alone. These protections will only be truly effective if we work with our peers—TikTok and YouTube—to put the same measures in place.

All platforms should empower parents and support teens in these ways because we know that when teens are restricted on one app, they simply move to another. For meaningful progress to happen, we urge our peers to join us.

California Abuse-Victim Law Proves Costly


FROM LEFT: LUKE HALES/GETTY IMAGES; HEATHER DIEHL/GETTY IMAGES
A survey of 19 of California's 58 counties, including Los Angeles County, estimated they have faced liabilities of at least \$12.4 billion since the law was signed in 2019 by Gov. Newsom, right.

Critics say ease with filing civil claims lacks limits that would rein in fraud

BY PAUL KIERNAN

Los Angeles County has begun paying as many as 11,000 people nearly \$5 billion to settle decades-old claims of childhood sex abuse at foster homes and juvenile-detention centers.

There's an issue: The county's top prosecutor says the majority of claims might be fraudulent. County defense lawyers disagree and want to keep settlement payments moving, as going to court could prove more expensive.

The nation's largest county has become the center of a fiscal quagmire for local governments and school districts across California. It began with a state law aimed at helping survivors of childhood sexual abuse seek recognition and recompense later in life. State lawmakers are considering a proposal to curb the costs before their legislative session ends this Monday.

The 2019 law temporarily suspended the statute of limitations for past childhood sexual assault, subsequently extended the maximum age for alleged victims to seek civil damages to 40, from 26, and reduced other barriers to bringing civil claims.

But public officials say the law also enabled aggressive trial lawyers and alleged fraudsters in a state where local governments have big incentives to settle civil suits, even without fully vetting abuse claims. That's partly because California doesn't cap liabilities for taxpayer-funded entities including counties, cities and public-school districts.

Critics warned of potential pitfalls before the law passed. Witnesses and records are often difficult or impossible to track down in old cases, complicating defendants' ability to gather evidence. The 2019 law enabled sex-abuse suits dating as far back as the early 1940s, The Wall Street Journal has found.

A survey of 19 of California's 58 counties this year estimated they face liabilities of at least \$12.4 billion since the law passed. The effect on public schools—from verdicts, settlements and retroactive insurance premiums—is approaching \$4 billion, said Michael Fine, CEO of a state task force that advises school districts on fiscal issues.

L.A. County has already agreed to pay settlements that so far would cost about \$500 for each of the county's 9.7 million residents. Under its main agreement, even plaintiffs suspected of fraud could be paid \$50,000 to drop their claims. The county also faces another 5,400 unresolved claims.

“People don’t realize that cost is passed on to all of us,” said Kathryn Barger, one of L.A. County’s five elected supervisors. “It is eventually going to erode services.”

As the legislative session winds down, groups representing California counties, cities and school districts are pushing state lawmakers to rein in costs. Ideas include capping liabilities, raising evidence standards or making it harder to hold taxpayers liable for all of the damages in cases that public entities are only partly responsible for.

Decades-old trauma

The 2019 law sought to reach sex-abuse victims who often take decades to tell anyone about their trauma. It reflects a growing academic and public understanding of the psychological barriers many survivors face in disclosing sex abuse early in life.

"The idea that someone who is assaulted as a child can actually run out of time to report that abuse is outrageous," the California law's author, former state Assembly member Lorena Gonzalez, said after introducing it in 2019. Gov. Gavin Newsom signed it later that year.

Prevalence studies cited by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimate at least 1 in 4 girls and 1 in 20 boys in the U.S. experience childhood sexual abuse. Advocates for victims say the threat of big payouts incentivizes institutions to work harder to prevent abuse.

Most states have sought to increase child sex-abuse survivors' access to the legal system in recent decades, according to Child USA, an advocacy group.

Cities, counties and school districts in California say they rarely have the means to defend themselves against old claims. And the risk of so-called nuclear verdicts from juries pressures government entities to settle.

Critics say the potential for vast settlements has attracted trial lawyers who often collect 40% of a victim's payout. Some have fought lawmakers' efforts to contain or even quantify the costs to taxpayers.

The firm Manly, Stewart, Finaldi & Thom, which lists several billion dollars of sex-

abuse payouts on its website, has taken an aggressive posture. After a state senator introduced a bill last year that would have required “clear and convincing corroborating evidence” for decades-old cases, the firm ran an ad calling it a “Predator Shield Law.” The senator, Democrat Ben Allen, scrapped the proposal.

Allen declined to comment.

"If you're a stooge for teachers & public employee unions & the corrupt politicians who have absolutely allowed thousands of kids in California & beyond to be molested I'm not interested in talking to you," John Manly, the law firm's founder, said in response to an emailed request for comment. In a subsequent phone call, he apologized and said, "It's easy to look at this from a policy standpoint and an economic standpoint, but it's affecting real people on a massive scale."

A Los Angeles Times investigation last October found seven people who said they were paid to sue the county for sex abuse. Two said they were told to fabricate stories. All had been represented by a plaintiffs' firm, Downtown L.A. Law Group, which had filed roughly one-quarter of what were then 11,000 claims vying for settlements, the paper reported. The firm told the Journal by email it "has never paid anyone to sue" and "has never instructed anyone to fabricate testimony."

Scrubbed records

California law often requires county governments to seal or destroy juvenile-detention records after a certain period, often making it impossible to verify if a plaintiff was ever in their custody.

District Attorney Nathan Hochman launched an investigation using law-enforcement databases with records of virtually everyone the county had prosecuted since the 1960s, including juveniles whose files had been scrubbed from the probation department.

“We can look in the system and see if someone was actually at the facility when they say they were there,” Hochman said in an interview.

He said there are “probably thousands” of legitimate cases. But his office has estimated in court filings that up to 81% of the claims in L.A. County’s main settlement fund contain “fraud indicators,” such as records showing a purported victim lived outside the county at the time they said they were abused.

L.A. County's defense lawyers balked at joining Hochman's motion to freeze payouts and resumed transferring money to an escrow fund set up to compensate plaintiffs and their lawyers.

The D.A.'s estimate “simply does not match what we are seeing in our review process, which includes a significant, detailed fraud prevention and detection protocol,” said Andy Baum, an outside lawyer L.A. County hired to defend it against sex-abuse lawsuits, in a statement. The county declined to explain those protocols.

BrownGreer, an independent administrator vetting the claims, has paid plaintiffs \$57.2 million as of July 28, according to the L.A. County Counsel's office.

The district attorney's office hopes to file criminal fraud charges by the end of the year. It is also investigating suspected fraud in hundreds of sex-abuse lawsuits in Santa Monica that have drained the iconic beach town's budget reserves.

Gonzalez, the California law's author, who is now head of a labor federation, has expressed frustration with what she has called a feeding frenzy for lawyers.

Warsh Flips Script On Markets

Continued from Page One continued from Page One termining borrowing costs across the economy.

At the same time, the message was so strong that it made some investors worry that Warsh had put the Fed in a difficult position where it now could face pressure to raise rates next month whether the economy demands it or not.

“You’ve essentially signaled to the market that the Fed more or less will deliver rate hikes,” said George Catrambone, head of fixed income Americas at DWS.

“I’m just not sure that as the data comes in, that’s going to be the case.”

Raising rates could hurt the economy at a time when consumers have started to show some weakness, Catrambone said. But not raising rates could risk another selloff in longer-term bonds by resurfacing questions about Warsh's credi-

bility, he said.

Investors were hardly panicked by Warsh's remarks, which were delivered at the Kansas City Fed's annual symposium in Jackson Hole, Wyo. The Dow Jones Industrial Average fell less than 0.1%, the S&P 500 declined 0.2% while the Nasdaq composite dropped 0.5%.

Stock indexes fell much more sharply following Warsh's two previous high-profile appearances as chairman, at post-meeting news conferences in June and July.

In the first of those cases, Warsh—who has said that he doesn't want to give away too much about his interest-rate outlook—similarly surprised investors with his concern about inflation.

Then in July, he spooked markets for the opposite reason, making several statements that made investors question his willingness to back up his words on inflation with actual policy changes.

While stocks have otherwise continued climbing in recent months, there has been much more turmoil in the bond market.

In the weeks following the July Fed meeting, the yield on

Source: FactSet

the 30-year Treasury bond climbed above 5.3%—its highest level since 2007.

That prompted a surprise announcement from the Treasury Department recently that it would at least double purchases of longer term Treasurys as part of its pre-existing buyback program.

Though that program was started in 2024 to support trading in older, less liquid securities, Treasury Secretary

Scott Bessent signaled in a recent interview with CNBC that the point of increasing buybacks was to lower longer-term bond yields, which he said didn't reflect economic fundamentals.

After some initial volatility, his move appears to have had some success, with longer-term yields falling relative to short-term yields in recent days.

The yield on the 30-year U.S. Treasury bond settled Friday at $5.207\%$ , down from $5.266\%$ last Wednesday morning just before the Treasury Department's announcement, according to Tradeweb.

Still, the yield on the 10-year note, which has a bigger impact on mortgage rates and other borrowing costs, was 4.721%—up from 4.671% Thursday and 4.682% just before the buyback announcement.

Treasury yields, which rise when bond prices fall, largely reflect investors' expectations for what short-term rates set by the Fed will average over the life of a bond.

As a result, Fed rate hikes tend to push up yields on shorter-term Treasurys in particular. But they can also contain longer-term yields by reducing the threat of inflation and the possible need for much higher rates in the future.

Shares of companies tied closely to the economy's ups and downs retreated on Friday: the Russell 2000 index dropped $1.4\%$ , while the S&P 500 industrials sector slid $1\%$ . While Warsh stopped short of committing to a hike at the Fed's next meeting, the prospect of higher rates still dragged on stocks.

Warsh "left things highly uncertain,” said Tony Parish, chief investment officer at Alphastar Capital Management. “If there were any shifts in certainty, it was toward the possibility of rate hikes—which markets don’t particularly like.”

Equity investors haven't reacted much to the recent turmoil in bonds, focusing instead on the end of another blockbuster earnings season—and potentially their summer vacations.

Daily trading volumes this past week ranked among their lowest levels of 2026. Stocks did get a boost Thursday, after another blowout quarter from Nvidia quelled concern about cooling demand for AI chips. The S&P 500 is roughly 1% shy of all-time highs.

The start of September kicks off what has historically been a bumpy month for the stock market.

Warsh's speech left his options open, said Kristian Kerr, head of macro strategy for LPL Financial—and traders still relatively unsure where monetary policymakers will land at their next meeting Sept. 16.

“There’s this element of still trying to figure [Warsh] out,” Kerr said. “That’s going to go on for a while.”

Rate Hike By Fed Is On the Table

Continued from Page One

President Trump tapped Warsh to succeed Jerome Powell atop the Fed earlier this year after long criticizing Powell for not lowering rates to his liking. The Fed held rates steady at Warsh's first two meetings since he took over.

Warsh in his speech described an economy showing few signs of restraint from the Fed's current rate of around 3.6%. Despite some signs of strain in housing and agriculture, “on balance, I would be hard-pressed to describe broad financial conditions as restrictive,” Warsh said.

The economic outlook has split the central bank, with a minority of policy makers concerned that interest rates are too low to bring inflation down. Three officials voted last month to raise rates, and others have signaled they are open to joining them.

The disagreement turns on whether inflation has stayed above the Fed's $2\%$ target because of one-off shocks such as tariffs and the Iran war, or because demand is running ahead of supply and letting businesses make price increases stick.

Explaining the Fed's decision last month not to raise interest rates, Warsh said that he believed “the wiser course was to await new information,” particularly given “possible developments in supply chains, investment flows, and geopolitics—before deciding whether a change in interest rate policy was advisable.”

While Warsh made several arguments advanced in recent months by the hawks that could prepare the ground for an eventual rate hike, he also provided a standard flexible enough to justify holding steady if he becomes convinced underlying inflation is finally moving down.

Analysts said that Warsh, by taking a more muscular stance against inflation on Friday, could find himself boxed in to hiking rates next month unless the economic outlook changes meaningfully before the meeting. If the Fed holds instead, Warsh would face pressure to explain how the current policy stance will deliver the inflation he has promised, which is something he hasn't yet addressed.

The speech “will be judged in light of the Fed’s decision at

its September meeting," said Michael Strain, an economist at the American Enterprise Institute, who attended the conference. "If the Fed doesn't raise in September, then I think people will look back to the speech this morning and wonder what has changed."

Most of Warsh's rate-setting committee was sitting in front of him.

The bond market took a moment to sort it out. Yields on the benchmark 10-year Treasury note initially fell, then climbed. The 2-year Treasury yield, which tracks expectations for the Fed's next moves, rose sharply.

The reaction was “a sign of relief in markets after his July press conference opened up substantial questions about his underlying disinflationary commitment," said Peter Williams, an economic strategist at research firm 22V Research.

Softer inflation readings in June and July had eased pressure on the Fed to raise rates in September. While those were

better than expected, “they do not tell me that underlying trends have meaningfully improved,” Warsh said. He highlighted the breadth of price increases: About half the items in the Fed’s preferred inflation basket are rising faster than 3%, which is well below postpandemic highs but still above roughly one-third in the two decades before the pandemic.

Warsh set aside one of the better arguments for patience when he dismissed moderate growth in wages, which in the Fed's conventional models is a sign inflation should be better behaved over time. Wage growth “has not proven a reliable indicator of future inflation for a very long time,” Warsh said.

The Jackson Hole symposium has taken on outsize importance in financial markets because Fed chairs have often used the keynote address as a staging ground for shifts in the central bank's broader strategy. But Warsh's first speech was even more anticipated because of murmurs of concern in financial markets after he deliberately declined to explain at the Fed's last meeting how its current stance would deliver on bold promises he made in his first weeks on the job.

Steven Blitz of TS Lombard said the same points delivered by Powell would have made a September increase close to certain. Warsh's short record left more room for doubt, he said.

Warsh spoke to another important audience beyond the market: Most of his own rate-setting committee was sitting in front of him. The setting was familiar to the past two years, when Powell used the same keynote to nudge a divided, consensus-oriented committee toward a decision.

But the dynamic was less familiar because Powell's colleagues knew how he reasoned even when they disagreed with him. Warsh and his colleagues are still figuring one another out. They know what he wants to change about the Fed. They are learning how he makes judgment calls under the uncertainty policymakers always face.

Many investors and economists share Warsh's skepticism of the Fed's habit of previewing its next move. Fewer follow him to where he took it during his first three months as chairman. In declining to spell out how the Fed reads the economy, the central bank would withhold not just the decision but the reasoning behind it, which is a framework that lets outsiders check the central bank's work.

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Melting Ice Imperils Mountain Towns

BY PATRICIA KOWSMANN AND JUNKO FUKUTOME

Around the world, ice sitting on mountains is melting or breaking off quickly, destabilizing soil and creating a slurry of water and rocks that have engulfed entire towns and killed people.

As warmer temperatures melt the ice in high-altitude areas, mountain communities in Asia, Europe and North America are increasingly at risk.

This past week, a massive flood of mud swept away villages on either side of the border between China and Nepal, killing hundreds of people and leaving at least 1,500 missing. Scientists believe the trigger was a piece of glacier and a huge chunk of huge chunk of rock underneath it that plunged some 4,000 feet into the valley below. A similar event happened in India in 2021.

'Warming destabilizes these landscapes because it leads to...degradation.'

Melting ice has formed new lakes in the Himalayas that have gone on to burst their banks. In Alaska, meltwater from the massive Mendenhall Glacier has become an annual threat. In the Swiss Alps, a piece of a glacier broke apart last year, setting off a landslide that virtually wiped out an entire village.

While scientists say a number of factors are contributing to these events, they agree the rise in global temperatures is making the ice and frozen soil on top of mountains unstable and prone to disasters.

"Warming destabilizes these landscapes because it leads to glacier and snow melt, and permafrost warming and degradation," said Simon Cook, a geoscientist at the University of Dundee in Scotland, who is investigating the Nepal incident. “These in turn lead to more unstable conditions that promote avalanches, landslides and floods.”

Koji Fujita, a professor of glaciology at Nagoya University in Japan, said the scientific community generally agrees that glacial retreat is a global trend that has been accelerating, particularly since 2020. Scientists have estimated that 10% of the ice on the Swiss Alps was lost in 2022 and 2023, the same as in the three decades between 1960 and 1990.

Ice serves as the glue binding rocks and soil together, and it is particularly important atop mountains, where it keeps land stable. Once ice starts

melting, that binding effect is lost, clearing the way for possible landslides. When chunks of a glacier break off, the ice is pulverized into water upon impact, creating a devastating flood.

Last year, the partial collapse of a glacier obliterated most of the village of Blatten in the Swiss Alps. About 20 million metric tons of ice and rock traveled at a speed of over 120 miles an hour, according to an article published in the journal Nature.

Ulf Büntgen, a professor at the University of Cambridge and the lead author of the article, said the disaster followed the warmest decade in the European Alps since at least early medieval times. He also said there is evidence global warming is triggering more precipitation at higher elevations.

“It’s a lot of evidence that climate change matters, but scientists need more data to detect a pattern,” Büntgen said.

WORLD NEWS


PRABIN RANABHAT/AFP/GETTY IMAGES
A woman cries Friday after being rescued following flash floods in the Nuwakot district, located in central Nepal.

Death Toll Rises in Nepal

At least 584 people are dead, as search is on for the more than 2,480 missing

BY KRISHNA POKHAREL

More than 2,480 people are missing and at least 584 people confirmed dead in Nepal and China after Wednesday's flood, as rescue efforts continued.

In Nepal, more than 1,924 people are missing, including 517 foreigners, said Nepal's National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Authority on Friday. The bodies of 579 people were recovered, the agency said. Among the missing foreign tourists are 65 Americans and 98 Indians, said the Nepal Tourism Board.

Chinese authorities confirmed five deaths and 558 missing, according to China's state news agency Xinhua.

The disaster struck as many Hindu and Buddhist pilgrims were transiting through the area to reach mountain lakes in Nepal and Tibet that they consider sacred. Markets, hotels and restaurants line the highway that sits near the Trishuli River, which was hit by the floodwater. The Gyirong Port is also a major border crossing between Nepal and China, as well as an important trade route.

According to Chinese state broadcaster CCTV, a dammed lake upstream of the Gyirong Port in Tibet has begun overflowing, forcing a temporary suspension of rescue operations. Nepali authorities also warned about more flooding and told residents and rescuers to take precautions.

Experts believe that a vast quantity of rock and ice fell from about 16,000 feet, possibly because of the partial collapse of a glacier, and plunged 4,000 feet into the valley below. The fall turned the ice into a wave of water that barreled into nearby rivers and washed through towns and villages in China and Nepal, carrying people as far as 150 miles to districts near Nepal's southern border with India.

Thousands of army, police and paramilitary forces have been mobilized for search and rescue operations in Nepal.

Friday was an annual Hindu festival in Nepal known as Raksha Bandhan, where family members get together and tie sanctified threads around their wrists for protection. This year, many Nepalis observed the day with prayers for those affected by the flood.

Many of the injured and rescued are being transported by helicopter to Kathmandu, the capital, for treatment. Recovered bodies are being taken to Kathmandu for identification by relatives.

On Thursday, the walls of Kathmandu's Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, one of Nepal's oldest and largest state-run hospitals, were covered with photos of missing persons and the remains of people killed in floods. Desperate family members searched for news.

Dawa Wangmo Ghale, a woman from Rasuwa, the first district in northern Nepal to be hit by the flood, was looking for her brother, who had traveled to the Nepal-China border the day before the disaster. “We couldn’t find him anywhere,” she said, holding a photo of him. “We haven’t heard whether he’s dead or alive.”

Another woman, Pasang Chhomu Ghale, was rescued Wednesday. “I luckily survived the flood,” she said. “But I don’t have any idea who’s dead or alive there.”

Indian Nationalist Leader Stirs Anger With U.S. Visit

BY JAMES T. AREDDY

For more than a decade in India, a Hindu-based movement that promotes nationalistic right-wing policies has gained momentum and political influence at home. Now the RSS is embarking on an international tour designed to build recognition and credibility beyond India, and is facing resistance in the U.S.

New York City Mayor Zohran Mamdani and a wall of opponents say RSS espouses Muslim hate and is unwelcome as it plans a Saturday event at Madison Square Garden featuring its firebrand leader, Mohan Bhagwat.

Known formally as Rash-triya Swayamsevak Sangh, the RSS advocates for a powerful India built around the cultural and religious beliefs of Hinduism. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi's ruling Bharatiya Janata Party draws its ideological underpinnings from the RSS. Hindu nationalism has been central to his policymaking during 12 years in power.

“It has been incredibly troubling to see the rise of a movement that is predicated on an exclusionary vision,”

Mamdani said.

The mayor, a practicing Muslim whose parents were born in India, said he stands in deep opposition to what he described as the Indian right's rollback of pluralism. Still, he said he has little power to halt a private event.

The bilateral U.S.-India relationship, meanwhile, has become more transactional and nationalistic and less a partnership of democracies challenging China.

President Trump has described Modi as a good friend. Still, the administration has also directed stiff tariffs at India, criticized its oil imports from Russia and tightened visa policies in ways that limit opportunities for its citizens, while walking back U.S. military and strategic cooperation with New Delhi.

On track to break into the top five biggest global economies, India is a promising customer for U.S. energy and military hardware.

"The president this time is focused on the Indo-Pacific as a market," said Richard M. Rossow, chair on India and emerging Asia economics at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, a Washington think tank.

India is ethnically diverse, but its politics are dominated by Hindus, who account for about 80% of its 1.4 billion people.

Modi has been accused of promoting policies that align with RSS philosophy and discriminate against and disenfranchise members of India's religious minorities, in particular its roughly 200 million Muslims.

Bhagwat's U.S. appearance aims to capitalize on Modi's political ascension and popularity among the Indian diaspora.

AP PHOTO/RAFIQ MAQBOOL


RSS leader Mohan Bhagwat in Mumbai earlier this month.

WORLD WATCH


OYLAN MARTINEZ/REUTERS
ROYAL FAREWELL: Mourners in Norway honored King Harald V, who died Friday at 89. Harald lived in U.S. exile during Nazi occupation. His son succeeds him as Haakon VIII.

UKRAINE

Russia Pushes On With Air Raids

Russian forces Friday resumed their drone barrage of Ukraine's Kyiv region, hitting more than a dozen apartment buildings and storage depots in a second consecutive day of aerial attacks, officials said.

Prolonged air raids Thursday in Kyiv essentially locked down the Ukrainian capital for 15 hours, the Foreign Ministry said, choking the economy and severely disrupting civilian life more than $4 \frac{1}{2}$ years after Russia's full-scale invasion of its neighbor. Even longer alerts are a daily reality in regions closer to the front line, the ministry said.

Russian drone and missile attacks are also taking aim at the power grid in what Ukrainian officials say is an annual campaign to “weaponize winter.” In Ukraine’s southern Kherson region on the Black Sea, where glide bombs a day earlier forced a combined heat and power plant to shut down, officials predicted a winter of extended outages

: and told people to move else- : where if they could.

Russian strikes in the Kyiv region damaged 14 warehouses, 16 private houses, three apartment buildings and 16 vehicles, Tymur Tkachenko, head of the Kyiv regional military administration, said Friday.

A second drone hit one location after emergency crews were deployed, the State Emergency Service said, in what is termed by the military as a “double tap” that targets first responders.

—Associated Press

NETHERLANDS

Rwandan Convicted Over 1994 Genocide

A Dutch court Friday convicted a Rwandan man of participation in his home country's 1994 genocide and sentenced him to life imprisonment.

The 66-year-old defendant, whose name wasn't released, took part in attacks in which homes were looted and torched in two predominantly Tutsi communities and threw a grenade into a crowd of Tutsis sheltering in a soccer stadium, The Hague District Court said in a written statement after his conviction. —Associated Press

OBITUARY

Oyo Nyimba, 34, Was the 'Boy King'

Oyo Nyimba, a tribal monarch in Uganda who ascended his ancient throne as an infant and fascinated world leaders as a “boy king,” has died from an undisclosed illness. He was 34.

The death of the king of Tooro was announced Friday by the prime minister.

King Oyo was crowned in 1995 at the age of 3 after his father's death. He held the unofficial title of the world's youngest king.

He led his people via re-gents appointed by the kingdom until he came of age at 18.

—Associated Press

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Xi Turns Oil Into Shield Against West

China's vast reserves protect its economy as the war in Iran rattles global order

BY REBECCA FENG AND BRIAN SPEGELE

Before the U.S. attacked Iran, Beijing spent years and tens of billions of dollars amassing the world's biggest stockpile of oil. Now, with the conflict likely to last for awhile, those reserves have given China huge power over the global oil market—and a critical defense against the West.

By some estimates, China's reserves last year were nearly 600 million barrels bigger than those in the U.S. That stockpile allowed it to slash its oil imports when the war broke out, keeping a lid on global oil prices and safeguarding its economy.

It has been a major vindication for Chinese leader Xi Jinping, who has sought to buttress China against what he sees as a hostile U.S.-led West. For decades, Chinese leaders have worried about the country's reliance on imported crude, most of which transits through straits that the U.S. or other militaries could seek to block in a conflict.

Now, the Iran war has demonstrated that China's muscular energy policy has afforded Beijing a major tool it could use, for instance, in a conflict over Taiwan.

Crisis management

China's stockpiles, combined with its quicker-than-expected shift away from fossil fuels, are making it the most powerful swing buyer in global energy markets. It has slashed imports aggressively, which has prevented crude prices from jumping higher. Chinese crude oil imports fell 23% from March to July versus a year earlier.

As the crisis in Iran unfolded, in China, “almost from day one there was this sense that, ‘We are able to manage this. We don’t need to panic,’ ” said Erica Downs, a scholar at Columbia University’s Center on Global Energy Policy.

In the future, such power could be wielded in a clash with the U.S. In the event of a war over Taiwan, for example, Beijing's ability to cut oil imports for months could help China resist efforts by the U.S. and its allies to block energy shipments to China.

Most of China's oil imports in recent years traversed the Strait of Malacca, near Singapore. Like the Strait of Hormuz in the Middle East, the narrow waterway is one of several chokepoints where the U.S. or other militaries could seek to block the energy trade.

For China, “oil is not the Achilles’ heel we thought it was,” said Michal Meidan, head of China energy research at the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies.

China's Foreign Ministry said the priority is restoring peace and stability in the Gulf and Middle East.

Secret stockpiles

China doesn't publish the size of its strategic oil reserves or reveal its oil consumption, forcing analysts to calculate “apparent demand” by adding up official refinery throughput and net imports of refined oil products.

China's refineries cut runs


China's reserves in 2025 were nearly 600 million barrels bigger than those in the U.S. A crude oil tanker in Shandong province.

■ Russia & Iran ■ All others ■ Mideast* ■ Africa

Source: Vortexa


*Excludes Iran

China's crude oil imports, by origin

12.5 million barrels a day

by just 1.6 million barrels a day in the second quarter of 2026 from the same period last year, according to China's National Bureau of Statistics. That is a modest drop compared with the 3.5 million barrels a day drop in imports.

Many economists say the explanation must lie with China's vast crude-oil reserves.

No one knows the exact size of the reserves. Analysts put the total reserves at between 1 billion and 1.4 billion barrels, about 120 days of imports.

Tapping stockpiles likely accounts for about half of China's recent fall in imports, say energy analysts. Other measures include limiting exports of oil products. China's gasoline exports plunged $93\%$ in the second quarter compared with a year earlier, diesel exports are down by a quarter and jet-fuel exports have halved, according to Chinese customs data.

Unable to export their oil products and stuck with price caps that have hammered margins at home, Chinese refineries started to cut runs. In June and July, refinery runs in China fell to roughly 12.5 million barrels a day from more than 15 million barrels a day before the war, said the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies.

Years of preparation

China has prepared for years for this moment, making energy security a national priority as early as 2014. Extensive government support of the renewable sector has reduced the country's reliance on oil to generate electricity.

In the first half of this year, about two-fifths of the country's total electricity generation came from renewables, according to official data. Half of the new cars sold in China this year are new-energy vehicles.

Cheap electric vehicles, a large charging network and a high-speed rail network spanning tens of thousands of miles meant that Chinese consumers could easily switch to other travel options when fuel gets expensive. And they did.

China also has tapped coal. While turning it into chemicals is more expensive than using oil or natural gas, China's domestic coal reserves are vast. By perfecting coal-to-chemical processing, it has protected the country against disruptions to oil supplies, said Helen Qiao, greater China economist at Bank of America.

Analysts and economists say China, which relied on imports for 70% of its crude oil supply before the war, can't keep imports this low forever. The longer that flows through Hormuz remain constrained, the more officials will have to balance economic growth with ensuring oil stockpiles don't fall too much. But they disagree on when China will start buying more crude, and how much.

And there are signs of pain. For instance, the sharp fall in high-margin businesses such as diesel and gasoline exports is hurting Chinese refineries, as well as the country's manufacturing and export machines more broadly.

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U.S. Gets Venezuela Oil-Reserves Stake

Venezuelan crude oil production, monthly

BY COLLIN EATON

President Trump confirmed late Friday that the U.S. reached a deal with Venezuela to secure control of a big chunk of the Latin American country's oil reserves.

"At my direction, Secretary of State Marco Rubio, and Secretary of War Pete Hegseth, working closely with Highly Respected Interim President of Venezuela, Delcy Rodriguez, and, through a partnership with private business, have secured majority U.S. control of more than 65 BILLION BARRELS of proven Oil Reserves in Venezuela, at no cost to the American Taxpayer," the president said on social media.

The deal would give the U.S. a foothold in some of Venezuela's most promising oil-and-gas fields. The country says it has some 300 billion barrels of proven reserves, the largest in the world. In comparison, the U.S. has about 46 billion.

Trump also said the agreement would lower gas prices for all Americans. He and his team have been trying to shore up energy security in the Western Hemisphere as the United States

Iran war has locked a big portion of the world's oil and gas behind the Strait of Hormuz.

Interim Venezuelan President Delcy Rodríguez has granted a private company—

The deal could help reassure U.S. companies wary of investing there.

a joint project of the U.S. government and a private operator in Venezuela—a 100-year lease for the oil fields, a U.S. official said. The entity would be the world's second-largest corporate holder of proven reserves after Saudi Aramco.

The U.S. government would hold a 55% share, split between equity ownership and oil production. As the company scales production, the oil would help fill the U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserve, the official added.

Source: U.S. Energy Department

Friday's deal could help reassure American companies that are on the fence about gambling capital there.

Chevron is nearing a deal to make a big investment in Venezuela's oil fields, The Wall Street Journal reported earlier Friday. But many others have been hesitant.

Some companies have said they would need security guarantees and an overhaul of the country's legal and commercial framework to consider diving in. Venezuela's oil production has been slow to increase since the U.S. ousted President Nicolás Maduro in January.

News of the talks caused an outcry among some in Venezuelaela's opposition who have been pushing for the U.S. to pressure Rodríguez to hold elections. The Trump administration has played a major role in overseeing Venezuela's oil industry since ousting Maduro and replacing him with Rodríguez.

Venezuela's constitution says the country's oil deposits belong to the Venezuelan state and can't be transferred to another owner—a potential legal obstacle to any deal that would give the U.S. government control of reserves.

Korea's 'AI for All' Push Gives Free Access

By JIYOUNG SOHN

SEOUL—South Korea plans to give its entire population free access to generative AI services, the first major state-led offering treating the technology akin to a public utility.

The program seeks to connect more South Koreans to homegrown AI chatbots with the goal of advancing the country's push for AI sovereignty. By giving premium-level AI services free to its citizens, South Korean officials hope to avoid an overreliance on models from the U.S. and China.

The AI tools will be linked directly to government systems and allow South Koreans to book doctor's appointments, get help with apartment hunting or get tax advice. Small businesses will be able to tabulate their taxes and check their eligibility for government-support programs, and parents will receive suggested educational content for their children.

On Friday, Seoul said three tech consortia will provide the public services for the government's “AI for All” initiative. The chosen groups include the country’s two largest telecom companies and the operator of Kakao, South Korea’s so-called “everything app.”

The free AI program starts beta testing in September. A full rollout will occur later this year.

The South Korean government, for its part, will split among the three tech consortia up to 512 of Nvidia's high-end B200 chips and help cover operational expenses. The precise cost of the “AI for All” program wasn't immediately disclosed by South Korea's Ministry of Science and ICT.

South Korean President Lee Jae Myung's administration has set aside roughly 10 trillion won, or about \$7.2 billion, for AI-related spending in 2026, tripling over the previous year.


NORTHWESTERN MEDICINE
Northwestern Medicine Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute takes a collaborative and comprehensive approach to treating the most challenging and complex cardiac and vascular cases.

APPLYING EXPERT CARE TO TREAT A RARE HEART CONDITION

Northwestern Medicine combines leading interventions with specialized expertise to treat chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension

When 48-year-old Sabrina Basso began struggling to breathe in June 2023, an emergency room visit revealed she had suffered an acute pulmonary embolism (PE). Basso was placed on blood thinners, but six months later, she was still short of breath.

For the majority of patients treated for a PE, symptoms will improve as the clot dissolves and blood flow returns to normal. But in about 5% of cases, symptoms persist for months or even years after treatment. This can be a sign of a serious condition called chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), in which scarring on the artery obstructs the flow of blood to the lungs.

In Basso's case, extensive testing revealed exactly that – she had CTEPH and would require specialized treatment. She was referred to Northwestern Medicine Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute (BCVI) in Chicago, one of the few programs in the U.S. to offer both leading treatment options for CTEPH: pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE) open-heart surgery and balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA), a minimally invasive procedure.

The BCVI team established the CTEPH program in the mid-2010s to fill a treatment gap, as there were very few programs like it in the Midwest at the time. It's since become a national destination for CTEPH care.

When treating high-risk conditions like CTEPH, patients often need to travel to specialized centers like BCVI for the expertise required to achieve the best possible outcomes. BCVI not only performs high volumes of PTEs and BPAs, but is also supported by a multidisciplinary team of specialists as well as advanced imaging technology to determine which intervention, or combination of interventions, is appropriate.

"Our physicians have dedicated their careers to building a comprehensive therapeutic CTEPH program that addresses all aspects of treatment, from diagnosis to interventional cardiology to surgery," says Dr. Daniel Schimmel, interventional cardiologist at Northwestern Medicine.

Unparalleled Training and Expertise

CTEPH is rare – only about 3,000 cases are diagnosed annually in the U.S., according to the American Lung Association. Given its low prevalence, not all physicians know how to recognize the condition or to look for it at all.

"People often get misdiagnosed with conditions like asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)," says Dr. Stephen F. Chiu, surgical director of the CTEPH program at Northwestern Medicine.

Chiu specializes in PTE surgery, which is widely considered the gold standard for restoring blood flow. He received extensive training during a one-year fellowship at the Royal Papworth Hospital in Cambridge, England, the only institute in the U.K. performing PTE surgery.

"Royal Papworth does three to four surgeries a week for CTEPH, whereas an average cardiac surgeon will probably never handle a case in the entire course of their career," Chiu says. "That allowed me to gain what is essentially a lifetime of experience within one year of training."

Schimmel, who performs BCVI's BPAs, received specialized training in Japan at a facility credited with modernizing and refining the BPA technique, helping reduce the procedure's mortality rate.


Dr. Stephen F. Chiu with Sabrina Basso. Basso underwent PTE surgery followed by four BPA procedures at BCVI to treat CTEPH.

"We're trying to not just do things the same way, but to do things better for our patients."

DR. DANIEL SCHIMMEL INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGIST, NORTHWESTERN MEDICINE


The blood clots that were cleared during Sabrina Basso's pulmonary thromboendarterectomy surgery. Following her treatment, Basso is free from the limitations of CTEPH, has regained her quality of life and now travels the world.

LEARN MORE

ABOUT NORTHWESTERN MEDICINE'S ADVANCED CARDIAC CARE FOR CTEPH.

Comprehensive training and a wealth of experience are imperative to perform these complex interventions for consistently positive outcomes, further establishing BCVI as a leader in CTEPH care. Its scale and outcomes in CTEPH care include more than 200 PTEs and more than 500 BPAs performed, as well as a less than 2% 30-day mortality rate for both PTE and BPA.

Operating With Skill and Care

After reviewing Basso's case, the team at BCVI initially performed a PTE procedure to treat the blockage. She later required additional BPAs to treat remaining obstructions. In cases like hers, PTE surgery can be done first to clear the primary disease and allow for better access to the smaller vessels during BPA.

The PTE surgery is incredibly technical, requiring extensive skill, precise timing and advanced clinical resources. Patients are placed on a heart-lung machine, which takes over those organs' functions so blood flow doesn't obscure the surgical field. "It's a unique combination of patience, meticulousness and efficiency," Chiu says.

After her PTE surgery, Basso experienced a notable improvement in lung function. Four BPA procedures, during which a catheter is guided into the artery of the lung and a balloon is inflated to break up any lingering blockages, followed, which decreased her pulmonary pressures even further.

"I'm doing amazingly well," Basso says of her recovery. She now follows up with the team at BCVI once a year for an echocardiogram to monitor her health.

Results like these have cemented Northwestern Memorial Hospital's ranking among the nation's top 10 programs for cardiology, heart and vascular surgery for more than a decade.

Looking to the Future

Today, Basso is back to her active lifestyle and says she feels the strongest she ever has. She also serves as a patient advocate for individuals with CTEPH, encouraging them to find an experienced treatment program like BCVI.

"BCVI gave me my life back," she says. "It restored my ability to breathe more easily, stay active and enjoy experiences that once seemed like they were out of reach."

For the dedicated team of clinicians at BCVI, success stories like Basso's are what drive their work – and keep them pushing the boundaries of cardiac and-vascular medicine to treat patients with the best therapies available.

As BCVI has grown into a national leader in CTEPH care, part of its work in advancing the field includes furthering efforts across the U.S. to educate clinicians about the disease and treatment options. For referring physicians, BCVI offers the specialized training, multidisciplinary evaluation, procedural breadth and outcomes needed to manage the most complex cases.

"We're trying to not just do things the same way, but to do things better for our patients," Schimmel says. "We already have great outcomes, yet we're in a constant state of learning and improving at Northwestern Medicine."

M Northwestern Medicine®

© 2026 Northwestern Medicine.

Iceland Votes on EU Membership Talks

Some residents fear joining the bloc would hurt industries, others seek its protection

BY KIM MACKRAEL

REYKJAVÍK, Iceland—For years, Icelanders looked with suspicion at the European Union, loath to cede sovereignty to Brussels. Now, as global trade norms dissolve and the U.S. threatens to annex neighboring Greenland, for some here, joining the EU looks like a smart geopolitical insurance policy.

On Saturday, residents of this volcanic island in the North Atlantic vote on whether to re-start membership talks with the bloc, a process Reykjavik abandoned more than a decade ago.

Opinion is split down the middle. Two polls released this past week showed each side holding a narrow lead, making the referendum too close to call. The question pits those afraid of what EU membership might do to Iceland's industries and prized fish stocks, against those who want to better insulate the island—a founding NATO member with no military—from the geopolitical climate in the age of President Trump.

The outcome won't just set a trajectory for the island, which has a population of about 400,000. It also could send a signal about the health of multilateralism and the destiny of one of the world's largest trading blocs in an era of great-power politics.

"The international order that underpinned our security and prosperity for decades is under serious pressure," said Icelandic Foreign Minister Thorgerdur Katrin Gunnarsdóttir, a long-time supporter of reopening talks with the EU. "Small nations need to think carefully about where they stand and who stands with them."

Unlike his covetous comments about Greenland,


ODYSSEAS CHLORIDIS FOR WSJ (4)

Trump hasn't threatened to take over Iceland.

The two islands have some things in common: A history of Danish rule and hosting U.S. forces. The U.S., which had more than 40,000 troops stationed in Iceland during World War II, was the first to recognize the Republic of Iceland after it declared full independence from Denmark in 1944.

Today, Iceland's security rests on its membership in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and a U.S. defense pact sealed in 1951. A week before the referendum, ships, including mine hunters from several NATO countries, converged in Icelandic waters for a U.S.-led joint exercise.

Geopolitics hasn't featured heavily in campaign material ahead of the vote, which requires a simple majority. The focus has been on the economic impact of joining the bloc, including whether to swap the volatile Icelandic króna for the euro, and what closer union with 27 other economies could do to Iceland's growth.

Joining the EU and adopting the euro could help Iceland get inflation under control and lower the cost of living, those who favor reopening talks say. Iceland's annual inflation hit $5.6\%$ in July based on EU methodology, well above the $2.9\%$ recorded in the euro area.

Katrín Pétursdóttir, chief executive of fish-oil-producer Lysi, worries that EU member-

Residents on the volcanic North Atlantic island are divided about whether to restart membership talks with the European Union.

From left: Guðrún Geirsdóttir wants Iceland to explore EU membership, Katrín Pétursdóttir, CEO of Lysi, prefers to focus on the U.S., and Akraborg CEO Ragnar Thor Gunnarsson says small nations can be more nimble.

ship would interfere with Iceland's carefully managed fish stocks. "We do more business with the U.S. than the European Union," Pétursdóttir said. The company exports about a quarter of its products to the U.S. "I would rather look in that direction."

EU membership also risks bogging down Icelandic businesses in bureaucracy, she and other business leaders said.

"We can act very quickly because we are small," said Ragnar Thor Gunnarsson, CEO of cod liver company Akraborg, which is owned by Lysi. "That can also work as an advantage."

Iceland last sought EU membership after the 2008 banking crisis sent its economy into a tailspin. The talks stalled over fishing rules and were later abandoned. Since 1994, the country has been a member of the European Economic Area, an arrangement that has seen it adopt many EU rules, while staying outside of the bloc.

Fishing remains a flash-point. The EU's common-fisheries policy sets overall catch limits and shares them among member countries. Iceland's fishing industry wants to keep full national control over fisheries management.

Iceland's political leaders say they would protect the fishing industry, but some representatives from the sector doubt their ability to do so. EU officials, meanwhile, say they can be flexible about the bloc's rules. Icelanders will get to vote again on whether to proceed with EU membership if a deal is reached, the government says.

Gudrún Geirsdóttir, a professor of higher education at the University of Iceland, said she understands the concerns of the fishing and agriculture industries, but believes Iceland would benefit from exploring EU membership.

Trump's pressure on neighboring Greenland would have been unthinkable a couple of years ago, Geirsdóttir said. "We need to have very good international ties to allies we think are thinking in similar ways."

Trump's Greenland threats showed how important EU membership was for Denmark, said Magnús Árni Skjöld Magnússon, a Bifröst University political science professor who campaigns in favor of reopening EU negotiations. "It meant that Germany, France and other EU allies came to their defense," he said.

A Statue Puts Democracy On Rare Display in Russia

BY THOMAS GROVE AND DARIA MATVIICHUK

Russians in Moscow got a brief and rare taste of direct democracy on Friday.

The question put to voters wasn't one of war and peace, or concerning the fate of the city's political leaders. Residents were asked whether the city should move its beloved statue of Alexander Pushkin, considered by many to be the country's greatest poet.

The statue, which measures 40 feet tall, wouldn't be going far. The question was whether to move the statue across the street—about 100 yards—or keep it where it stands, at the entrance to Pushkin Square, a short walk from the Kremlin.

Kremlin critics saw the vote as a reminder of how small the space for meaningful debate has become in President Vladimir Putin's brand of managed democracy.

The ballot comes less than a month ahead of parliamentary elections that even by Russian standards have been tightly scripted. This month, the only party that campaigned on an openly antiwar platform, Yabloko, was removed from the ballot after interest in the party began to gain momentum.

In Putin's Russia, the war is off limits for any real public discussion. What is open for debate is the location of a statue.

“This is partly an attempt to generate interest in the elections which have become completely meaningless following the removal of the Yabloko party,” said Andrei Kolesnikov, a Russian political analyst and columnist at Russian-language New Times.

Pushkin is revered as one of the country's literary giants.

VYACHESLAV PROKOFYEV/TASS/ZUMA PRESS

Operatic adaptations of his works such as his novel in verse, “Eugene Onegin,” and his play “Boris Godunov” are still staged worldwide.

He is also lionized for his outsize personal life—which ended in a duel with his wife's alleged lover.

Ukrainians have a very different view of Pushkin. There, statues of the poet have been dismantled as symbols of Russian imperialism.

The statue in Moscow was erected in 1880 at the site where Russian novelist Fyodor Dostoyevsky gave an impassioned speech praising Pushkin as the embodiment of Russian ideals and a unifying figure for the Russian people. It was moved to its current location in 1950 by Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin.

Proponents of moving the statue back have said it would right a wrong of the past. Russian filmmaker Nikita Mikhalkov, who is under sanctions for supporting the war, was the first to initiate discussion about the location of the monument, saying that returning the statue to its original location would “bring peace to the soul of this great genius.”


Voters are being asked to decide if poet Alexander Pushkin's statue should move 100 yards.

One patriotic activist in

Moscow, Filipp Grill, said he had voted to return the statue to its original location.

“This would be an act of historical justice and a restoration of the appearance of old Moscow,” he said.

Nikolay Vedernikov, 34, said that he tried to register 18 times before he was finally able to cast his vote online. It took him an hour to vote against the measure, he said.

“My opinion regarding the statue, it’s not important anymore that it used to be somewhere else. It’s there now where it is supposed to be and moving it is just a waste of money,” he said.

War Drains Military Readiness

Continued from Page One vasion if it occurred in the near term, The Wall Street Journal has previously reported.

Each move of military forces and assets to the Middle East, including munitions, would have required approval by Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth, who manages an “orders book” that directs the movement of military assets, around the world under longstanding Pentagon procedures.

The White House said the U.S. has sufficient missiles to continue fighting Iran for the foreseeable future and to meet other global threats.

"The United States Military has more than enough munitions, ammo, and stockpiles to serve all of President Trump's strategic goals and beyond," White House spokeswoman Anna Kelly said. "Even still, the president has urged our defense contractors to constantly produce more made-in-America weapons."

The Associated Press earlier reported that the U.S. military in Europe was experiencing a “beyond critical” shortage of Patriot missile interceptors. A spokesman for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization’s military headquarters said the 32-member alliance has a sufficient supply of air defense interceptors, but he didn’t address the declining U.S. stocks of PAC-3s, which are the most advanced type of Patriot interceptors.

“NATO has enough air defense munitions, including Patriot missiles, to defend ourselves,” Col. Martin O'Donnell said. “And we still have enough to continue to donate to Ukraine.”

The demand on U.S. stock-piles from the war in Iran has been enormous. By mid-July, the U.S. had expended about 1,700 Patriot air defense interceptors and more than 200 Thaad antimissile interceptors in the war, officials said. U.S. Navy ships had fired another 150 Standard Missile interceptors to take out Iranian missiles and drones, the officials said.

Independent analysts have estimated similar numbers for some of these systems based on budgetary estimates.

Throughout the war, Iran has fired more than 1,500 ballistic missiles and 6,000 large drones, officials said. That number has climbed as the re-

gime continues to attack ships in the Strait of Hormuz.

The U.S. military has taken steps to conserve its interceptor stocks. It has refrained from retaliating against Iran's attacks on

The U.S. says it has enough missiles to fight Iran and to meet other threats.

ships in the Strait of Hormuz as U.S. officials have debated the effectiveness of tit-for-tat strikes that drained munitions. Trump, a Republican, also decided to pause strikes on Iran in late July amid a debate over munitions levels.

Some older Tomahawk cruise missiles have been refurbished to try to augment weapons levels, one official said.

Some lawmakers said they are particularly concerned by persistent reports of Russian hybrid attacks, including explosive drones found at an airport in Germany that U.S. officials say are likely linked to Moscow. Trump recently sent his spy chief to Moscow, following recent intelligence assessments that President Vladimir Putin of

Russia might test the alliance's resolve within a few years.

Adding to the European anxieties, the Pentagon is conducting a review of the U.S. military posture on the continent, which could lead to further reductions in American forces there. “Discussions about our force posture review in Europe must account for a wounded Putin lashing out,” Sen. Roger Wicker (R., Miss.) said.

The Trump administration has declined to discuss which weapons have been shifted from Europe and Asia and how many remain in those regions. Pentagon spokesman Sean Parnell denied the U.S. was facing significant munitions shortages abroad.

“Claims of U.S. munition shortages are false. When the fake news media irresponsibly amplifies these lies, the real-world consequence is clear: our enemies are emboldened to provoke—or attack—American troops,” Parnell said.

The declining weapons stocks come as allies are experiencing delays in obtaining munitions they have purchased from the U.S.

The limited stocks also are sharply limiting the West's ability to send interceptors to Ukraine, where Russian missile attacks have recently hit population centers and killed civilians due to a shortage of air defense munitions, officials said.

The U.S. also has moved air defense units from Europe and the Pacific to the Middle East to defend against Iranian threats, extending their deployments and putting a strain on the military's ability to respond to potential crises in the future, officials said. U.S. air defense units have destroyed thousands of Iranian projectiles throughout the war to protect military bases, energy infrastructure and population centers from missiles and drones, officials say.

Unable to force concessions from Iran with military power, Trump is reverting to economic pressure. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent has said the new focus will avoid the need to return to major combat with Iran, at least in the near term.

But Arab officials and former U.S. officials say economic sanctions could prompt Tehran to retaliate militarily against their vulnerable infrastructure. That could put the shrinking inventory of American antimissile interceptors to the test.

“Iran has agency,” said Daniel Shapiro, a former Pentagon official in the Biden administration who is a senior fellow at the Atlantic Council think tank. “It certainly has the willingness to absorb enormous pain, but it also has tools to try to impose pain on us and on the global economy. And those tools are likely to involve military actions that the U.S. would almost certainly have to respond to.”

1995 2000 '05 '10 '15 '20 '25

Pine pulpwood price, southwide average

The Coming ‘GTA VI’ Blackout

Continued from Page One the 13-year drought for one of entertainment's most valuable franchises. "Grand Theft Auto V" made \$1 billion in sales just three days after its release in 2013, and the franchise as a whole has sold almost 475 million units worldwide.

It's been a long wait for the latest installment, with several delays that pushed the release back more than a year and multiple leaks, which Rockstar Games on Wednesday called “heartbreaking.” Gamers have deemed the rollout date an unofficial holiday. They're using their vacation time accordingly.

On social media, longtime fans are sharing plans to use PTO to devote their minds and bodies to the flashy, heistfilled new world of “Grand Theft Auto VI.” One group of devoted players jokingly created a boilerplate agreement for a “GTA”-induced leave of absence. Some employers are likewise using breaks for gameplay as incentives to motivate workers.

“It has been rescheduled so many times that I’m like, you know what, if we are for sure doing this on Nov. 19, I’m taking Thursday to Thursday off,” said Anna Ray, a 30-year-old medical-sales representative and professional wrestler in Arkansas.


BUD BURRUSS

Ray has no plans to open her laptop during that time, though she'll take breaks to hit the gym. She's even preparing her dinners in advance—medium-rare steak and salmon with sweet potato on the side.

The original “GTA” was released by Rockstar Games in

The last time a new “GTA” came out, Ray was a teenager. November’s release means “getting to be like a little kid again, living out that inner child but at 30 years old,” she said.

Bud Burruss will be locked in for two days in his 'cave.'

  1. Players were drawn into a world of street crime, property destruction, gang formation and reckless driving. The violence was controversially graphic, but the success was immediate.

The games became known for their morally complex characters and elaborate world-building. Trailers for “GTA VI,” released in 2023 and 2025, showed characters in the new fictional state of Leonida, which resembles a hedonistic South Florida: People twerk on top of moving cars, yacht parties abound and alligators wander into gas stations. The second trailer reached almost half a billion views in its first day.

Guilherme Stephano, a 34-year-old civil servant in Brazil's São Paulo region, will be using 10 vacation days to drill down into the new game's world—a modest break compared with the 20 days he used to play “Red Dead Redemption 2” in 2018.

“I’m a completionist,” Stephano said. Gamers’ estimates for how long they would need to finish the new game range from 100 dedicated hours to more than two weeks.

Even the U.S. Army is getting in on the hype. On July 28, a memo went out to soldiers in the 9th Brigade Engineer Battalion at Fort Stewart, Ga., announcing that any soldier who re-enlisted between Aug. 1 and Nov. 14 would be given a four-day pass to align with the release of “GTA VI.”

“Purpose: To establish a special reenlistment incentive program to promote retention, boost morale and reward the continued dedication of the soldiers within the 9th Brigade Engineer Battalion,” read the memo, which went viral after it was posted on social media this month.

Lt. Col. Angel Tomko, the battalion's public-affairs officer, said the idea came from a new career counselor who suggested that supporting the troop's specific interests could help the battalion reach its re-enlistment goal.

Of the 130 eligible soldiers, 44 have signed up for the incentive program so far, Tomko said.

The game drops at midnight Eastern time on Nov. 19. Burruss, the dad of three, is hopeful that the game's intense attention will have a knock-on effect on his side hustle: Gatabud, a YouTube channel where he records video gameplay. Fortunately, his wife has known about the commitment for more than a year.

His plan is to go to sleep Wednesday night around 8 p.m., after his young children are tucked in, and wake up around 1 or 2 a.m. Thursday morning—hoping to maximize what little sleep he can. Then he'll fire up his console and camera and go as long as possible.

“I’ll have the cave door shut,” Burruss said.

A Forest Economy Endangered

Continued from Page One

chips, sawdust and other by-products that are crucial to the bottom lines of sawyers like the Howards. Prices across the South are at the lowest level in nearly 40 years before factoring in inflation. In some parts, there's essentially no market. Some growers are, for the first time, having to pay to have their pulpwood removed.

The Howard family lost important buyers for its pulpwood, as well as for the residuals from its sawmill, when International Paper closed an 89-year-old containerboard mill in Savannah and another south of the city last year.

"We went from the best pulpwood market in the nation to the pits," Howard said. "\$16 a ton for it last year—that's the number everyone talks about at the breakfast club. Now, it's zero to \$5."

Adding to the worries about his bottom line is the existential threat that poor prices will discourage growers from replanting pine.

"If they're not planting trees," said Howard, "I'm not going to have anything to cut."

It could reshape the South's rural economy—not to mention its landscape.

'Plant 'em thick'

The region's original long-leaf forest was mostly logged out by the 1930s when a scientist in Savannah named Charles Herty discovered how to make paper from the young loblolly and slash pine sprouting on the cutover. The breakthrough transformed the South.

Paper mills, which couldn't chase after the receding forest like Howard's ancestors had done with ox-drawn peckerwood mills, started to promote timber as a crop to be replanted rather than a quarry to be mined. With the boll weevil finishing off King Cotton, paper producers' "plant 'em thick, cut 'em quick" approach spread.

From Virginia to north Florida and west to Texas, tens of millions of denuded acres were planted with rows of pine, restoring the region's canopy and creating a new asset class. Not since Eli Whitney's cotton gin had the Southern economy and its terrain been so changed.

Raising pine trees helped families hold on to land without more intensive farming and it helped propel forestry and related manufacturing into the rural South's dominant industries. The federal government encouraged pine planting with annual payments to landowners through programs meant to reduce erosion and support crop prices by converting worn-out farmland.

Even after a quarter-century of declining paper markets, forestry and related manufacturing remain among the region's largest industries and employers. There are more than six million owners with at least 10 wooded acres in the South, academics and forestry consultants have estimated. In Georgia, the top U.S. timber-industry state, $88\%$ of woodlands are owned by individuals and businesses.


ANNA OTTUM FOR WSJ (3)
Above, Bill Howard; below, it takes decades for pine trees to make logs big enough for a lumber mill like Howard's.


Sources: TimberMart-South (price); Sakonnet Research (shipments)

But trees are now growing faster than wood is being harvested.

Pine plantations are started with several hundred seedlings an acre. Dense planting forces trees to grow straight without many branches, reducing knots in lumber. At some point, though, overcrowding stunts growth. Stressed trees become susceptible to disease.

Thinning the pine is traditionally the first big payday for growers after years of expenses, making it easier to wait the 25 to 30 years it takes for a tree to grow into more valuable products like two-by-fours and utility poles. Now, for some timberland owners, it's just one more bill.

'Bread and butter'

Joe Hopkins, who manages 75,000 acres of pine owned by his family and others in southeast Georgia, still has a market for his pulpwood. But the price has been depressed by a flood of fiber from adjacent areas where mills have closed.

Some timberland owners, worried that planting could saddle their heirs with trees they won't be able to sell, are rethinking the future.

Howard is planting fewer seedlings per acre to reduce upfront costs and thinning. Others have leased land for solar farms. ArborGen, one of the world's largest suppliers of loblolly seedlings, said sales volume in the South has dropped more than $20\%$ over its past two fiscal years.

He struggles to net a 1% return for shareholders in the timberland operations his great uncle and grandfather established. Selling parcels for weekend homes and ranchettes is tempting given how land values have risen relative to what timber earns.

"The day a forest landowner becomes wealthy is the day he quits being a forest landowner," Hopkins said. "That's the day I call a stockbroker and say, 'Hey, I'm good with 6%—that's 600% more than I've been getting.'"

Across the Okefenokee Swamp, Superior Pine Products has replaced some of the timber on its 110,000 acres with blueberries, growing Southern highbush varieties that arrive at supermarkets between crops from Florida and northern states.

CEO Scott Griffin is also looking into solar and carbon markets. To mitigate natural-disaster risk, Superior bought timberland in other states, but market forces have been hard to outflank. An Arkansas thinning cost him \$1.50 a ton.

“There’s only so much you can diversify,” he said. “Timber has been our bread and butter for 100 years.”

A search is on to create new sources of demand. Weyerhaeuser, the South's largest timberland owner, is spending hundreds of millions of dollars to build facilities in Arkansas and Mississippi to turn pulpwood surpluses into engineered lumber and an alternative to metallurgical coal, respectively.

Lobbyists are pushing for laws to encourage burning wood pellets to generate electricity. Cellulose-based jet fuel, battery materials and fabrics are all being touted. There is hope that a resurgent housing market will boost demand for engineered wood panels used for roofs and floors.

“It’s an industry in crisis,” said Frank Peeples.

Peeples, whose grandfather entered the timber business in South Carolina in the 1950s, remembers a time when pulpwood was so profitable it didn't pay to wait for lumber, and young trees were clear-cut. He now runs a bulk-shipping terminal down river from the closed Savannah mill.

Next month, he and others in timber and state and federal government will host European Union officials in hopes of convincing the trade bloc to lift its ban on sulfuryl fluoride, a fumigant, which would enable wood chips to be exported to the EU.

“Without a pulpwood market,” Peeples said, “there is a real question about the long-term viability of our forest industry in the U.S. South.”

Boxed in

Union Bag & Paper—later Union Camp—opened its Savannah mill in 1936. It became the world's largest paper mill for a time and lorded over the city, where it employed more than 5,000 in its heyday. Residents of Savannah, now a tourist mecca known for its moss-draped squares and antebellum architecture, tolerated the river pollution and dismissed the mill's rotten odor as “the smell of money.”

The goodwill extended far into the hinterlands, where Union encouraged and counseled pine planters.

Lynda Beam's father had a casual approach to timber on the family land northwest of Savannah. He ran a lumber and millwork business in the city and used the country place mostly for hunting and gatherings. “If he had a big bill, he’d go cut some,” Beam said.

She pestered him to manage the property for timber production and eventually he relented. With advice from Union and the University of Georgia county extension office, she began raising pine.

Loggers were on the property last summer thinning a patch when she and her grandson, Will Wheat, learned that International Paper was closing the Savannah mill, as well as its smaller containerboard mill in rural Riceboro. The closures cost the U.S. about 3% of its containerboard capacity—and the family its pulpwood buyer.

The digital age has crushed demand for newsprint and office paper, but e-commerce promised a golden era for corrugated boxes. The Savannah mill had already shifted from paper bags to containerboard by the time International Paper bought Union in 1999.

U.S. box shipments surged to a record in 2021 during the pandemic. Yet on a per-capita basis, demand peaked in 1999, according to Sakonnet Research.

Shippers like Amazon made strides sending items in the smallest box possible and eliminating boxes packed inside other boxes. Plastic mailers and paper envelopes took market share. New containerboard mills process recycled boxes, not wood pulp. Cheaper, faster-growing eucalyptus from Brazil, excluded from recent tariffs, has displaced domestic pulp.

The aging Savannah plant had become uncompetitive with other mills and the containerboard it produced was being shipped into less profitable overseas markets, executives said. Rather than spend \$300 million on a new roof and other repairs needed to keep the mill running, the Memphis company invested \$250 million in a more modern facility in Selma, Ala., to boost production of lightweight containerboard popular with shippers looking to trim fuel costs.

International Paper has listed the roughly 735-acre Savannah River site and its Riceboro property for sale.

Beam and Wheat are now raking longleaf pine straw and selling it to garden centers until the market improves. Besides last summer's interrupted logging job, several hundred acres of fast-growing loblolly planted in 2017 and 2018 are coming due for thinning.

“We’ll continue to rake and wait it out,” said Wheat, the fifth generation to run Guerry Lumber. He’s already planted pine at the farm for his young daughters to harvest when they take over.

Convincing others to do the same has become an important part of the job at Pierce Timber, a Blackshear, Ga., logging firm. “Our customers come in talking about the next generation,” said Trey Thompson, who is following his father and grandfather at Pierce. “I don’t know any other business like that other than lawyers setting up wills.”

Thompson was planning on becoming a lawyer himself when a summer working in the woods led him to join the family firm and buy timberland of his own.

He recently planted pines that will reach maturity alongside his 4-year-old son and 3-year-old daughter. “The third generation ain’t gonna be where it stops.”


International Paper's Savannah mill became uncompetitive.

SPORTS

The 91-Player Overhaul Behind Oklahoma State's Big Rebuild

The Cowboys have a new coach, mostly new players and a giant hole to climb out of after a 1-11 season last year. The team's model is reigning college football national champion Indiana.


Quarterback Drew Mestemaker, top, and running back Caleb Hawkins, above, followed coach Eric Morris to Oklahoma State.

BY RACHEL BACHMAN

every college football coach in the country spent last season with their jaws on the floor as they watched Indiana go from spectacular irrele-

vance to undefeated dominance. And once the Hoosiers became national champions, those coaches began to wonder how they might capture some of that Indiana magic for themselves.

Almost no one needed it as badly as Oklahoma State.

The Cowboys went 1-11 last year and 3-9 the year before. In fact, they haven't won a single game in the Big 12 since 2023. But this offseason, Oklahoma State embraced the Indiana blueprint and embarked on one of the most ambitious rebuilds in football.

After hiring coach Eric Morris from North Texas, the Cowboys brought a staggering 91 new players to Stillwater. That's even more than the 86 newcomers on coach Deion Sanders's 2023 roster at Colorado. But in a post-Hoosiers world, the Cowboys believe an upand-coming coach and roster overhaul might actually work.

“It gives you hope,” Morris said. “The only thing different: The Big Ten’s operating with a different budget than Oklahoma State is.”

Morris has a point. Big Ten and the Southeastern Conference teams generally spend more on players than anyone else in college football, with some elite rosters costing more than \$40 million this season. The Big 12

son. The Big 12, meanwhile, hasn't won a national title since Texas in 2005—and the Longhorns have since decamped to the SEC.

The Cowboys' player payroll has increased

significantly and will exceed \$24 million this season, a school official said.

It was the Cowboys' slow embrace of player pay that doomed previous coach Mike Gundy. He presided over the program's best-ever stretch, with a $65\%$ win rate over two decades. But his progress hit a wall when

he, the school and its donors balked at sharply rising prices for talent. The gulf between Oklahoma State and its free-spending rivals was never more obvious than in the Cowboys' second game last season, a 69-3 thrashing by Oregon.

One game later, Gundy was gone.

The 40-year-old Morris looked like a logical replacement. Like Indiana's Curt Cignetti, he cut his teeth in football's smaller conferences. Morris played wide receiver at Texas Tech then ascended through the coaching ranks at Washington State and Incarnate Word in San Antonio.

This year, 68 of Oklahoma State's players transferred in, on top of 22 freshmen and a walk-on who has been enrolled at OSU for three years. The Cowboys got 21 transfers from North Texas, such as wide receiver Wyatt Young, and running back Caleb Hawkins, who set the NCAA record for touchdowns scored by a freshman with 29.

But no signing was bigger than Drew Mestemaker. At North Texas, Morris helped transform the quarterback who didn't even start in high school to the NCAA passing leader last season with 4,379 yards. Then Morris coaxed Mestemaker to make the jump with him to Stillwater. It helped that Oklahoma State gave the quarterback a contract worth about \$3.5 million this year.

With so much turnover, the Cowboys are betting on Morris's leadership to create some coherence among his 91 newcomers—or, as they call themselves, misfits.

In meetings, Morris has re-seated North Texas players who clustered together so they could meet other transfers and OSU holdovers. He has hosted players on his sprawling property to play pickleball and swim in his pool. It's

been a success, despite one 300-pounder busting through the net around his basketball court and the diving board caving under the strain of a back-flip competition.

Morris and his assistants have invested time in teaching players to play dominoes and spades.

“It’s almost a lost art,” Morris said. “Kids don’t know how to play old-school games because they’re on their consoles playing.”

Still, positive vibes and backyard icebreakers can only

take a program so far. The Cow-boys will find out if any of their strategies are working as early as their second game. That's when they face a rematch against No. 2 Oregon.

The Two-Time Major Champion Who Could Decide the Fate of LIV Golf

BY ANDREW BEATON

AS JON RAHM MULLED his future after LIV Golf's final tournament of the season, his focus turned to the near term. He was looking forward to a haircut.

“I need one badly,” Rahm said.

But everyone knew that over the coming days Rahm would have to answer the question that has profound implications for the future of the entire sport: Where does the Spanish superstar plan to play next season?

Rahm's decision holds an out-size influence on LIV's teetering future after its inception five years ago divided the sport. That's because as LIV scrambles for cash since losing its Saudi funding, it desperately needs its marquee players like Rahm to stick around.

And, unlike many of his peers such as Bryson DeChambeau, Rahm is under contract with the league beyond this year and is still owed tens of millions of dollars.

Under LIV's proposed new model, dubbed LIV 2.0, players would own a majority stake in the league—a far cry from the enormous sums of guaranteed money that initially lured them from the PGA Tour. If LIV, which faces lawsuits from unpaid vendors and laid off most of its staff this week, files for bankruptcy as part of its attempt to restructure, Rahm will be among the biggest creditors, potentially trying to reclaim cents on the dollar for what he's contractually owed.

That could leave Rahm looking for a way back onto the PGA Tour—and, in the process, deliver a powerful blow to LIV's hopes of raising enough cash to exist in 2027 and beyond.

"The entirety of our focus is to get to this transaction and get through it," LIV chief executive Scott O'Neil said last week. "Without the players, that becomes very difficult."

Rahm's decision to sign on with LIV in the first place shook the sport. After once saying that not even a \$400 million offer would coax him to join the upstart, he accepted a deal in late 2023 only after the PGA Tour and Saudi Arabia's Public Investment Fund announced a framework agreement that was supposed to stitch the divided golf world back together.

“I had a really good offer in front of me,” Rahm said at the time. “They really put me in that position where I had to think about it.”

Ultimately, the deal between the PGA Tour and PIF never materialized, and the Saudis pulled out of LIV this year. For Rahm that presented a problem. Whereas LIV's other star attraction, De-Chambeau, was signed only through this season, Rahm said earlier this year there were multiple years left on his deal. That means he's still owed a huge sum of money that LIV can no longer afford to pay him, whether or not the league remains operational.


Jon Rahm's decision on his plans for next season holds an outsize influence on LIV's teetering future.

“LIV Golf does not comment on or speculate about the details of individual player relationships, including potential future relationships,” a league spokesperson said.

In one potential sign of what Rahm could be facing, a vendor called Fresh Tape Media recently sued LIV, saying the league owes it \$1.2 million. In its lawsuit, Fresh Tape said LIV offered \$200,000 to settle the unpaid invoices, citing its “current financial constraints,” and later lowered the offer to \$150,000. O’Neil has said LIV is “doing everything we can to make sure we can do right by them.”

Rahm's choices will range from accepting equity in LIV and hoping that it can some day turn a profit to collecting what he can while he looks for an off-ramp. For LIV, the upstart league that once plunged golf into chaos because its well-heeled Saudi backers allowed it to poach players just like Rahm, his exit could prove devastating. But making his way back to the golf establishment may not be that simple.

While the PGA Tour created an exception for certain players to return earlier this year, allowing five-time major champion Brooks Koepka to come back from LIV, PGA Tour chief executive Brian Rolapp said this week there isn't currently a plan to reinstitute that pathway. Yet Rolapp also said the Tour can't even consider such a program for players while they're still under contract with LIV. Soon enough, that may no longer include Rahm.

“Fans are clear where they want to see the best golfers competing week in and week out,” Rolapp said. “We haven’t made any decisions.”

THE WEEKEND INTERVIEW with Mike Rogers | By Tunku Varadarajan

The Plan to Defeat Abdul El-Sayed

T

Mount Pleasant, Mich. o hear Mike Rogers tell it, you probably shouldn't be reading this article unless you're from his state. "People in Washington,

D.C., want this to be a national race," he says. "We sometimes get more interest in our race than we would really like. But we're running a Michigan race for Michigan citizens." Mr. Rogers, 63, is the Republican nominee for U.S. Senate—as he was in 2024, when he lost by a whisker. Although Donald Trump carried the Wolverine State in both 2016 and 2024, it hasn't sent a Republican to the Senate since 1994.

Mr. Rogers, an eight-term representative who didn't seek re-election in 2014, faces Abdul El-Sayed, a combative, charismatic far-left Democrat. Mr. El-Sayed has the avid support of Sen. Bernie Sanders and Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, both of whom campaigned with him in Michigan. He also has the backing of Hasan Piker, a poisonously anti-Israel left-wing influencer who is partial to Hamas and has said that “America deserved 9/11.”

Mr. El-Sayed won a bruising primary this month against Haley Stevens, an old-school liberal and pro-Israel politician of the kind that is increasingly out of favor in today's Democratic Party. Among the first to congratulate Mr. El-Sayed was New York Mayor Zohran Mamdani, who said: "I am proud to be part of a movement of politicians and candidates who are looking to put working-class Americans back at the heart of our politics."

the Mamdani mayoral campaign, for his digital and social-media strategy. “Abdul is now the new face of the democrat socialist movement in America,” Mr. Rogers says. “He would be the most senior democrat socialist elected.”

The far left is “excited and heavily invested,” Mr. Rogers says, because Mr. El-Sayed and his fellow travelers “fundamentally want to change the government, and to change the government’s relationship with people.” Mr. Rogers alleges that his opponent is “on the Obama plan. Two years in the Senate, and he’s going to run for president in 2028.” (Mr. Obama won the presidency four years after his election to the Senate.) “He also has the domain name AbdulFor-President, so you can see where his head’s at.” (Mr. El-Sayed registered the domain in 2017. He has said that he did so as a pre-emptive measure to prevent its misuse.)

The national scrutiny is entirely appropriate. The radical left, and the Democratic Socialists of America in particular, sees Michigan as a bridgehead. "If you think about the dynamic of what's at risk for the country, this election is huge," Mr. Rogers says in an interview on the morning of his party's nominating convention at the Soaring Eagle Casino & Resort, owned by the Saginaw Chippewa Indian Tribe. "We have DSA members flown in from all over the country in Michigan. They think this is where they're going to plant the flag for their movement, to spread it across the rest of the country."

Mr. Rogers knows full well that the Senate race isn't of only provincial concern. Seconds after expressing it, he withdraws his wish to have less of the national spotlight on Michigan and calls the race “one of the most consequential elections of our lifetime.”

Michigan's Republican Senate nominee calls his socialist opponent an antisemite and discusses his own efforts to broaden his party's appeal.

Mr. El-Sayed isn't a DSA member, but the organization's members "believe they're going to win a statewide seat with somebody they know will be a champion for democrat socialist ideas and policies and principles," Mr. Rogers says. Mr. El-Sayed has used Fight Agency, the consulting firm that masterminded

Mr. El-Sayed has called Mr. Rogers a “coward.” At the convention after our interview, Mr. Rogers calls the Democrat “con man Abdul.”

“I know a con man when I see one,” says Mr. Rogers, who was a special agent with the FBI from 1989 through 1994. The Republican offers a list of things he says “con man Abdul wants to abolish”: Immigration and Customs Enforcement, voter ID, gasoline-powered cars, private health insurance, police funding, prisons and the Second Amendment. “We’re talking about building homes in Detroit. He’s talking about building a movement. He wants to be a national figure with a national message.”

Mr. Rogers says that his opponent is “aggressive and angry and has a meanness of heart and spirit” and is “an antisemite, which is probably the nicest thing you can say about his attitude to Jews.” Mr. Rogers points to the presence of Mr. Piker and to Mr. El-Sayed’s primary campaign, which pilloried Ms. Stevens obsessively over her support from the American Israel Public Affairs Committee.

“Abdul has stapled himself to Piker. He might be his running mate, last I looked. He brought him back as a closer on the final weekend. He had him as his closer to win the primary.” Mr. Rogers utters a line that he has used often in speeches on the stump: “Abdul wants to represent Palestine. We want to represent Michigan.”

He also reprises a line he's used about Mr. El-Sayed on social media: "Abdul is too extreme to go anywhere near the Senate." He adds: "I always believe you probably should send somebody back to the Senate that could get a security clearance." He criticizes Mr. El-Sayed for his "violent language," saying that "he's said some pretty vile things, including, by the way, telling me and my family we'll have no safe quarter in the state." What Mr. El-Sayed actually said, on the day of his primary victory, was milder: "You are not going to have safe quarter from people holding you accountable for what you've done."

In 2024 Mr. Rogers lost to Democrat Elissa Slotkin by 19,000 votes, or about 0.3% of the total. How is this race different? “No primary, for starters.” In 2024 Mr. Rogers had to see off two primary opponents. “We ended up getting 64% of the vote, so we had a very clear victory. But you have to run a primary, and you come out of that a little bruised, a little battered and a little broke.” Ms. Slotkin outspent him 5 to 1.

Another factor—which may make the difference between victory and defeat—is the prospect of Democratic voters rejecting his radical and divisive opponent. Mr. Rogers's campaign kickstarted a “Democrats for Rogers” movement. “It’s gathered support faster organically than we anticipated,” he says. “We even printed up ‘Democrats for Rogers’ signs and, man, they’re flying out the door, aren’t they?”

Jewish Democrats, unsettled by Mr. El-Sayed's hostility toward Israel, his nonstop demonization of AIPAC and his association with Mr. Piker, are susceptible to appeals from Mr. Rogers. He's also keen to point out that it would be a mistake to regard Michigan's sizable Arab vote as a solid bloc for Mr. El-Sayed. Mr. Rogers has been courting Lebanese Christian and Iraqi Catholic Chaldean voters, and even Sunni and Shiite Muslims: "I have friends in the Muslim community who are eager to be a counterweight." He says Arab businessmen are spooked by Mr. El-Sayed's "anticapitalist rhetoric and by what he wants to do to business. They're very entrepreneurial in the Muslim community. They don't think that's good for their future."

Although he presents himself as a market-friendly conservative, Mr. Rogers has called for a one-year moratorium on the construction of data centers in Michigan. He insists this isn't a populist move. "Concerned citizens are worried. We ought to try to help them, not scare the bejesus out of them." Data centers have a "large impact on a community. I don't believe you should bulldoze them through. I don't support a ban at the federal level, but here in the state we should get a year's pause to answer the questions that people have."

His opponent, he says, wants to “nationalize” artificial intelligence. “This is why he’s so out of sync with the state.” Mr. El-Sayed has called for “public ownership” and “public control” of AI.

Another area of awkwardness for a Michigan Republican running downstream of Mr. Trump: the president's new tariffs on Canadian goods, which Mr. El-Sayed has denounced as making life less affordable for Michiganders. "You've got to be an a—h—to start a trade war with Canada," the Democrat has said.

Mr. Rogers, a former Trump critic who now enjoys the president's endorsement, is circumspect on tariffs, limiting himself to comments on the impact on Michigan of Canada's imports of Chinese-made vehicles. "Let's use this as an opportunity to push back on this Chinese car production issue that Canada has." Tariffs, he says, offer "the perfect opportunity to bring Canada to a better place on allowing these 100% Chinese-made cars into the northern market." Chinese cars "subsidized by the Chinese Communist Party" are, he says, "the biggest existential threat we have to the American automobile business."

outperformed him comfortably among black voters.

Mr. Rogers's team has done its election math. “When I ran in 2024, I got 300,000 more Republican votes than any other statewide candidate in our history,” he says. “So that means we have a good pool of people who’ve already voted for Mike Rogers once.” He received almost 2.7 million votes in 2024. If he gets 2.2 million in the lower-turnout midterm, he says, “we’ll win this race. We have to re-engage those who voted for us in ’24, and work our new Democrat coalitions, which is a real thing.” He cites calculations by the pollster Mark Penn, who said that if Mr. Rogers attracts 5% of Ms. Stevens’s primary voters, “that would be enough for us to win. And we think we’re going to do better than that.”

Mr. Rogers also believes he can make inroads into the black vote. Ms. Stevens won much of the urban black vote in the Democratic primary. She swept Wayne and Genesee counties—which include Detroit and Flint, respectively—taking more than 60% of the vote in Detroit. Mr. Rogers thinks some of these voters are ripe for defection: “The African-American community of Michigan has felt a little bit abandoned” by the Democratic Party. In the primary, Mr. El-Sayed won handsomely in college towns, but his opponent

Mr. Rogers and his wife, Kristi, recently met with Detroit City Councilwoman Mary Waters, the leading vote-getter among all council candidates in November 2025. Speaking to the Michigan Chronicle after her meeting with Mr. Rogers, Ms. Waters, who is black, said, “Detroit is not a DSA city. Damn betcha I met with Rogers.”

As Mr. Rogers describes the meeting, “We talked about the things that were important for the city. And later she went on TV and said, ‘I liked his plans, the things he’s going to do for housing, education. And I think every Detroiter should hear them.’ She didn’t endorse me, but that is a very powerful statement. Because I’m running on issues to fix things in the state.”

He cites Michigan's woeful schools: “Our education is now 45th in the country. Two-thirds of our fourth-graders can't read. If you can't read by fourth grade, you have about a 70% chance of being on welfare or in prison.” On housing: “You can't buy a home here. First-time homeowners are 40 years old.” And more: “We've 200,000 manufacturing jobs. We have the highest utility rates in the Midwest. We have the highest auto-insurance rates in the country.” His focus on these issues, he says, resonates more with Michigan's black voters and blue-collar voters than does Mr. El-Sayed's “socialism and divisiveness.”

Mr. Rogers has attracted attention in Michigan with his novel outreach to Democratic voters in Detroit, something few Republican candidates for statewide office have taken the trouble to do. His campaign, he says, has “crossed”—knocked on—“1.5 million doors already,” he says. “That’s twice as many as in 2024.” In and around Detroit, “African-American voters have been notably welcoming.”

Among the responses he gets are comments to the effect that “for too long the Democrats have taken their support for granted, and they feel I more closely represent their values vs. my opponent.” Other black voters have extended support to him, he says, because of his emphasis on solving Michigan’s housing crisis—particularly by building on empty lots in Detroit—and improving the schools, which serve as “a pipeline to poverty.”

He thinks other Republicans should follow his example with black voters. “I believe that our free-market-oriented solutions are better than the big-government socialists’. Absolutely. And I don’t think we should run away from that.

“We go to the city of Detroit and talk about what we want to do. We have found that people are more receptive than you think.” He accepts that there will always be “hardened political people of both parties” who just won’t budge. “But what we’re finding is that people feel abandoned. And that’s unsustainable in America.”

Mr. Varadarajan, a Journal contributor, is a fellow at the American Enterprise Institute and at New York University Law School's Classical Liberal Institute.

How Did a Nonprofit Become America's Insurance Regulator?

New Mexico's Insurance Superintendent Alice Kane recently told state lawmakers that insurers declined to renew more than 6,200 homeowner policies in 2025, the highest number ever. The reflex is to blame greedy insurers and

CROSS COUNTRY By Patrick M. Brenner

actuaries in Hartford, Conn., pricing wildfire risk in counties they couldn't find on a map.

The nonrenewal crisis got New Mexicans to look closely at their insurance market for the first time in years. That market, it turns out, is strange. Many rules governing it weren't written in Santa Fe, or in Hartford, or by anyone accountable to voters. They were written in Kansas City, Mo., by a private nonprofit.

Americans paid more than \$3 trillion in premiums in 2025 for property and casualty, title, life, accident and health insurance. In most cases, insurers don't answer to federal regulators, because Congress largely leaves insurance to the states. The states built a kind of clearinghouse to determine standard formulas such as how much capital an insurer must hold against every asset on its books. All 50 states participate in the same arrangement.

Welcome to the National Association of Insurance Commissioners. The first rule of the organization is you don't talk about the organization. The Government Accountability Office reported in June that the NAIC committee responsible for accrediting state insurance regulators doesn't make its accreditation findings public and that its discussions on the subject are limited to regulators. Accreditation determines whether other states will accept a state's solvency examinations and, in practice, places intense pressure on legislatures to enact specified model laws. The deliberations happen in a room a state resident can't enter and produce a record he can't read.

New Mexico's insurance code governs how insurance holding companies register with the state. It requires every covered insurer to file "a registration statement on a form and in a format prescribed by the national association of insurance commissioners." Until 2014, the statute called for the form "provided by the superintendent," who is accountable to New Mexico's governor. Lawmakers struck those words and replaced them with the private association.

New Mexico's policy-form filings must use transmittal documents matching “the appropriate current” NAIC uniform documents, according to the New Mexico Administrative Code. Rather than point state regulators to a fixed edition of the forms, the rule directs them to the NAIC's dynamic website. Insurers backing reinsurance trusts must report whatever the NAIC annual statement form requires.

Lawyers call this dynamic incorporation by reference. When a statute adopts an outside body's manual as that manual currently stands, the next revision can alter binding obligations under the law without a vote, a hearing, a committee substitute or

States have surrendered much of their power to a private organization with almost no transparency.

a governor's signature. The GAO report describes the machinery without naming it: Accreditation requires states to enact NAIC model laws, and those model laws in turn require regulators to follow NAIC standards.

This arrangement effectively means that an unelected body holds control over states. Daniel Schwarcz of the University of Minnesota Law School argued in a 2018 paper published in the Connecticut Insurance Law Journal that the arrangement violates nondelegation principles in every state constitution. He made this case again in the Hill alongside R.J. Lehmann of the free-market R Street Institute.

The GAO report eight years later made no recommendations and found no wrongdoing. It concluded that the governance and financial information in NAIC's public documents is generally comparable to what an IRS Form 990 collects. NAIC publishes its bylaws and audited financial statements. State regulators told the GAO that accreditation saves money by letting them rely on one another's examinations.

While the GAO report didn't find wrongdoing, the facts it documented are troubling. NAIC has been exempt from filing Form 990 since 1955, on a determination that the organization is “a wholly-owned instrumentality of the states.” In 2024 it reported \$161.4 million in revenue, roughly 94% of which comes from the industry whose standards it writes. Its 2026 filing fees are capped at \$108,817 for a single company and \$544,085 for a group. NAIC doesn’t disclose what it pays its executives. Its published conflict-of-interest policy covers member commissioners but not, so far as the GAO could determine, its chief executive. An employee handbook includes a conflict-of-interest policy, but it isn’t publicly available.

NAIC is designated a 501(c)(3) charitable organization. If NAIC takes the benefits of tax-exempt status, it should be required to file a 990 like other nonprofits. The GAO noted that the Conference of State Bank Supervisors and the North American Securities Administrators Association are required to file Form 990. Both sit beside NAIC on the Financial Stability Oversight Council.

While Washington could remedy the situation—such as by stripping NAIC of its tax-exempt status—waiting for Congress to act is like waiting to win the lottery. In the meantime, states can push for accountability. Since 1998, Michigan has required NAIC to file an annual report with the state's insurance regulator and both legislative insurance committees. This report must include what NAIC pays its officers, every standard a state must adopt to maintain accreditation and whether its deliberations are open to the public.

Fifty states delegated their rule-making to an organization they supposedly own. But somewhere along the way, the organization they owned began owning them. One state thought to ask more. New Mexico's legislators are already asking why 6,200 homeowners lost their coverage. Like Michigan, they should demand more of the rule makers governing the market. Which state will be the second to do so?

Mr. Brenner is president of the Southwest Public Policy Institute.

REVIEW & OUTLOOK

The Hawk at Jackson Hole

Now will Wall Street and the scolds in the financial press believe Kevin Warsh? The new Chairman of the Federal Re-

serve on Friday delivered his firmest statement to date of his determination to tame inflation, and the clearest explanation of how he thinks the Fed should get there.

An oddity of Mr. Warsh's

How much clearer can Kevin Warsh be about taming inflation?

An oddity of Mr. Warsaw's first 100 days (a milestone he crosses Saturday) has been the determination of the financial world to question the inflation-fighting "credibility" of America's most hawkish central banker since Paul Volcker.

The complaint, to the extent there's a coherent one, is that he hasn't raised interest rates in either of his first two Federal Open Market Committee meetings. Nor is he using “forward guidance” to jawbone markets. Oh, and he chats with President Trump. Ergo, Mr. Warsh must be bending to Mr. Trump's preference for lower interest rates.

Mr. Warsh's speech Friday at the Kansas City Fed's annual confab at Jackson Hole, Wyo., should put all that to rest. His central point was that the Fed isn't done fighting inflation and won't be until its traditional measure of price rises has slowed back to 2%. He conspicuously played down signs of disinflation in recent months by noting evidence that prices for too many goods continue to rise too quickly.

Mr. Warsh's assertion that he'd be “hard pressed to describe broad financial conditions as restrictive” is a notable contrast with his predecessor, Jerome Powell, who believed the Fed already had tightened enough to tame inflation sooner or later. None of this is specific forward guidance, yet it's a firmer message on inflation than markets have heard from the central bank in some time.

Mr. Warsh's assessment of the economy is marked by unusual and welcome humility for the Fed. Consider his take on artificial intelligence. He's previously implied that AI's boost to productivity might allow looser monetary policy. After Friday's speech, it's clear his views are more nuanced. AI's effect on the economy and monetary policy will depend on a wide range of unknowns concerning which sorts of firm prove most profitable, how AI affects employment, and other factors.

We especially enjoyed his point that not long ago the economic talk at Jackson Hole was all

about “secular stagnation” and the “global savings glut.” Well, he said, “times sure have changed,” and an alert Fed must change with it.

His speech should put another canard to rest. Among the task forces Mr. Warsh has created to advance reform at the Fed, the panels on data sources and inflation dynamics have given rise to a view that he's looking for excuses to be more dovish. Wall Street worked itself into a lather over the idea that the Fed could adopt a more forgiving inflation measure than the personal-consumption-expenditure index the central bank tracks.

Instead, on Friday Mr. Warsh rejected the assumption embedded in the Fed's current economic models that inflation naturally reverts to its $2\%$ level over the longer term. This puts the Fed back on the hook for every tenth of a percentage point of its inflation mandate. His emphasis on real-time data seems intended to avoid the backward-looking false dawn that led the Powell Fed to cut rates prematurely in two rounds in 2024 and 2025.

While the usual Keynesian suspects will claim it's old-fashioned, Mr. Warsh's assertion that "money has something to do with monetary policy" is another way of holding the Fed accountable. He acknowledges financial technology has changed the definition of the money supply and money's velocity. But Mr. Warsh seems to be saying the Fed shouldn't be blind to early warnings, such as asset-price run-ups, that its policies are too loose. If only his predecessors had thought the same.

A maddening feature of the “is Kevin Warsh too dovish?” debate in his first months is how it misses the point of his chairmanship. The Fed is overdue for a rethink of its economic models, its operating methods, and its overall approach to its dual mandate of price stability and full employment.

Mr. Warsh is pressing ahead with an aggressive reform agenda, as he made clear on Friday. Wall Street would be wise focus on that.

Trump's Texas Tariff Stakes

The November midterm elections will be in part a referendum on President Trump's border taxes, and most polls

A new poll finds border taxes aren't popular in the Lone Star State.

show them losing. A new poll by Overton Insights and the Texas Public Policy Foundation finds that tariffs are unpopular in the Lone Star State, especially among Hispanics. Houston, Republicans have a tariff problem.

The survey, which was shared with us exclusively and will be released next Wednesday, shows that Texans overall disapprove of his tariffs, 54% to 46%. Texans who didn't vote in a party primary—generally independents and folks who are less partisan—disapproved of them, 68% to 32%. Hispanics gave them the thumbs down, 69% to 31%.

The latter is especially notable because Mr. Trump won 55% of the state's Hispanic vote in 2024, no doubt in part owing to frustration with Democrats' handling of inflation. But Hispanics also strongly oppose the President's blunderbuss border taxes targeting trade partners like Mexico and Canada, which raise costs for consumers and businesses.

The Texas economy is heavily exposed to tariffs because of its cross-border trade and integrated supply chains with Mexico. Texas traded \$303 billion in goods with Mexico and

overall exported \$299 billion of manufactured products in 2025. The latter include electronics and computers (\$71 billion), chemicals (\$55 billion) and transportation equipment (\$29 billion).

Because Texas is the largest state exporter of goods, it suffers a bigger brunt from retaliatory tariffs, such as those that Canada plans to levy on the U.S. in response to Mr. Trump's tariff escalation. In case he hasn't noticed, the tariffs have become an albatross for Republicans in close races across the country, including Texas.

Republicans hoped to pick up a couple of House seats in south Texas with large Hispanic populations after redrawing the state map, but those districts are drifting in Democrats' direction this year. Most recent polls show Democrat James Talarico leading Republican Attorney General Ken Paxton in the state's Senate contest. Every time he threatens more tariffs, Mr. Trump is making Democratic leader Chuck Schumer's day.

Busting the ABA's Accreditation Monopoly

The Trump Administration wants to reverse the leftward march of the nation's universities, and that includes taking

on the ancient problem of accreditation. The American Bar Association (ABA) reviews about 200 law schools, and in many states its stamp of approval is required for graduates to take the bar exam.

The bar association's power over law schools gets a Trump challenge.

Now the Trump Administration is threatening the ABA's privilege.

The Education Department released an 86-page staff report last week that recommends against continuing the ABA's accreditation authority. One reason cited is that the ABA hasn't adequately responded to the Supreme Court's 2023 decision in Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard, which made clear that race preferences are illegal.

The ABA had told schools to show “concrete” efforts toward diversity and inclusion in their student bodies and faculties. Though it anticipated in 2022 that the Justices might change the legality, according to the Education Department’s report, it “continued into the 2024-2025 review cycle to provide training and evaluate law schools” based on the old standard, before it was finally suspended.

That sounds abstract, so recall that the Justice Department this month accused Duke Law School of illegally discriminating by race in its incoming classes from 2023-25. Duke has said it is reviewing the allegations and is committed to following the law. According to the Justice Department, white and Asian applicants denied admission had higher median LSAT scores than black students who were accepted.

As the Trump Administration digs into more admissions data to root out race preferences by proxy, might some schools defend themselves by saying they were obligated to satisfy the accreditors? If the ABA's unhurried approach to Students for Fair Admissions gave cover to further illegal race discrimination, it's a problem.

The Education Department also suggests that the accreditation shop isn't sufficiently separate and independent from the ABA, as regulations require. That's a problem because the bar association is a professional guild for practicing attorneys, whose interests aren't identical to those of law students or the public. Despite this, the ABA has enjoyed an accreditation monopoly, which state policies have further entrenched, though some of those are now being reconsidered or repealed.

Texas, Florida, Washington and Alabama all have recently moved to reduce the ABA's gate-keeping function in law licensing. Tennessee is considering a similar step, with support from officials at the Federal Trade Commission and Justice Department. The ABA's accreditation body, they wrote in a recent letter, “is dominated by law school faculty and administrators with strong incentives to thwart lower cost alternatives for legal education.”

A broader range of options also could let law students skip the progressive dogma that pervades many campuses. The pressure seems to be working: The same day the Education Department report was released, the ABA's accreditation arm voted to meet in September to consider rolling back diversity and equity mandates. Too little, too late. The Trump Administration might not settle for half measures.

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

Prelude to the Decline and Fall of a Republic

Peggy Noonan's excellent column "The Art of the Self-Deal" (Declarations, Aug. 22) somewhat echoes William Bennett's 1998 book "The Death of Outrage." Then, as now, the electorate largely accepts a lack of integrity in elected officials, feeling helpless to demand otherwise and continuing to fund political parties and candidates clearly unfit in character, and often in intelligence, to occupy even the most menial of public offices.

Reforming elected officials' behavior first requires reforming the political machinery that nominates their candidacies. In the absence of revising the entire electoral system, a reasonable start might be to consider Ronald Reagan's wisdom that a child can't be disciplined by lectures alone, but by cutting its allowance until he conforms to what is expected of him—subsequently expressed more forcefully as, "Starve the beast!"

It's a message that the media should, but likely won't, deliver.

forces tens of thousands of laws and 190,000 pages of regulations, it creates an irresistible market for selling influence. That massive concentration of authority naturally attracts office-holders who seek to trade government favors for personal and family wealth.

Ultimately, voters are the enablers. Self-dealing persists because we continually elect politicians who expand Washington's power and spending.

ALAN D. LEWIS Jupiter, Fla.

Complaining about political self-dealing is reasonable, but blaming a single politician misses the root cause. Remember: Congress impeached Donald Trump in 2019 for allegedly pressuring Ukraine to investigate Biden family self-dealing. The irony is stark, as is the broader pattern.

RICH BATEY Aliso Viejo, Calif.

Self-dealing thrives because Congress has built a system with massive money and power at stake. When the federal government spends over \$20,000 per American annually, en-

Ms. Noonan is right that the deepest danger of government corruption isn't bad policy or wasted money. It is what corruption eventually does to a people. When citizens repeatedly watch powerful officials bend rules, escape consequences, enrich themselves, or place partisan loyalty above principle, misconduct becomes normal. Cynicism replaces trust, and eventually the public begins to assume that integrity itself is naïve.

As Edward Gibbon observed in “The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire”: “The corruption of Roman manners would always supply flatterers eager to applaud, and ministers prepared to serve” the vices of those in power.

Political decay and cultural decay reinforce one another. Rome's institutions couldn't indefinitely remain healthy when those entrusted with them abandoned the virtues necessary to sustain them. Corruption becomes existential when people stop being shocked by it.

GREGG JACKSON Denver

If You Gag Treasury, You Gag the Market, Too

There is a fundamental logical flaw in the core argument in Stanley F. Druckenmiller's critique of the U.S. Treasury Department's attempts to lower yields by retiring illiquid issuance ("Let the Bond Market Speak," op-ed, Aug. 25).

Mr. Druckenmiller argues that such transactions interfere with prices, distorting valuable messages that could be inferred from the market. But Treasury, like any issuer of securities, is itself part of the market. Every decision it makes about the pace and composition of new issuance, and every decision about

whether to retire or not retire existing issues, is a legitimate choice made under enlightened self-interest. What bond issuer doesn't seek, with every choice, to lower its borrowing costs and manage its risk as it sees fit? Such choices don't distort the market—they are integral to the market and unavoidable. Indeed, they are part of the price-formation process that creates the signals Mr. Druckenmiller wishes for.

DONALD L. LUSKIN Chief investment officer TrendMacro Dallas

And There Go the Michigan and Maine Races

Regarding your editorial “The Dumbest Trade War Revisited” (Aug. 24): A key hidden cost of the on-again, off-again tariffs with Canada and others is the strain on buyer-supplier relationships. Buyers and suppliers must negotiate how to split the new costs, possibly straining otherwise effective relationships. Their time would be better spent working together to make the highest-quality products at the lowest cost. This hidden price of tariffs also takes a personal toll on the managers. While likely impossible to measure, the trade policy uncertainty has caused substantial harm to products, supply chains and people alike.

Columbus, Ohio

Our 1.27-Million-Year Debt

Regarding “U.S. Debt Eclipses \$40 Trillion” (Page One, Aug. 20): The figure is so large that it has lost meaning. Perhaps converting dollars to seconds can put it in perspective. A million seconds from now is less than 12 days away. A billion seconds is about 32 years from now. A trillion seconds is nearly 32 millennia into the future. And 40 trillion seconds is about 1.27 million years. Put differently, if we could pay down a \$40 trillion debt at the rate of one dollar every second—day and night, without stopping—it would take roughly 1.27 million years to finish.

Washington routinely speaks in trillions. Perhaps we should all stop and consider what that word actually means. The numbers may be abstract. The debt is not.

THOMAS SIEMS

Colleyville, Texas

Leave it to President Trump to kick himself while he's down.

Where'd All That Money Go?

A trade battle over about $5\%$ of Canada's exports to the U.S. is unnecessary right now. Canada's entire economy is roughly the size of New York's. Alienating another ally isn't productive.

Despite all the talk of his political acumen, Mr. Trump misreads support for conservative and capitalist values as support for himself personally. Although he isn't running in November, a Democrat (or worse Democratic socialist) victory will cause ruinous problems for his administration and the U.S. He is undermining potential support for solutions to the much larger problems facing the U.S.

Regarding your editorial “Ro Khanna Gets a Wealth Tax Education” (Aug. 21): California’s population has been fairly stagnant for the last 10 years. Yet, Medicaid payments have roughly doubled to over \$150 billion annually. Before Rep. Khanna attempts to confiscate ever-increasing amounts from the wealthy entrepreneurs in his state, perhaps he should spend a bit of his time focusing on the expense side of the healthcare equation.

Handing our country to Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Bernie Sanders is arguably a bigger threat to America than even a nuclear Iran.

JOE BOCCUZZI Tomball, Texas

Among the many reasons this trade war is just plain dumb is just plain politics.

Two of the November races most critical to the GOP's retention of the Senate are in Michigan and Maine, whose annual imports from Canada are about \$40 billion and \$5 billion respectively. Maine gets around 70% of its imports from Canada.

When these states' voters feel the pain of the tariffs, they will likely punish Republicans and award the Senate seats to the radical left candidates running in both states. Mr. Trump likely will have succeeded in delivering control of the Senate to the Democrats. Go figure.

MICHAEL J GALASSI Hurst, Texas

Letters intended for publication should be emailed to wsj.ltrs@wsj.com. Please include your city, state and telephone number. All letters are subject to editing, and unpublished letters cannot be acknowledged.

KENNETH A. MARGOLIS Chappaqua, N.Y.

Pepper ... And Salt

THE WALL STREET JOURNAL

"Legend has it that he was raised by humans."

Dolly Parton Leaves Us Wanting More


ROGER RESSMEYER/CORBIS/VCG VIA GETTY IMAGES
Dolly Parton (1946-2026) in 1977.

DECLARATIONS By Peggy Noonan

At Buckingham Palace the Coldstream Guards Band played "9 to 5" when they heard of her death. The White House ordered flags

flown at half staff. In New York they turned the top of the Empire State Building pink and sparkly.

She was born in the hills of Tennessee, the fourth of 12 children of a sharecropper and his wife who lived in a shack without electricity or running water. She went on to become an icon, legend, goddess and what they were calling her all over social media, the earth angel. What a stupendous life.

TV anchors always lead into the story of a celebrity who's died, "The nation mourns today." It's almost never true; it takes a lot to make a nation mourn. But it's true this time. Things feel lonelier without that girl.

Her talent, ambition, depth, faith and generosity gave her an appeal that was close to universal.

I've been thinking about some of the elements of her extraordinary impact.

I will call her Dolly because we all did.

She was a great artist and a great person. They can't always go together and maybe often don't, but she took her talent and worked it to the bone, took the profit and gave a lot of it away. How would you like to have it said of you that you would have been a billionaire if you hadn't been so generous?

She knew where she was from but didn't build a fence around it. She was a white working-class girl, a Southerner from the hollers. You are old moneyed establishment from back East? Come on in, put your feet up. You're a black intellectual from a great university up north? Settle in. You didn't have to be uncomfortable that you were different from her, because she wasn't uncomfortable being different from you.

“I had an ambition and it burned inside of me,” she once said. “It was something I knew would take me out of the mountains.” She loved where she was from and wanted to get out as soon as possible. Can’t get more American than that.

She was modest and wryly self-deprecating, but she knew exactly who she was. Sometimes in life you're modest because you don't know who you are, and sometimes you know who you are but it leaves you arrogant. She had the balance: You're just a human and so you have a lot to be modest about, and yet, as American Evangelical Christians used to say, "Head high, you're the daughter of a King." Her last song is locked in a vault to be opened on her 100th birthday, in 2046, and has to do with her place in history. That isn't a sign of chronic self-doubt.

She had an earned authority and somehow communicated that it might not be wise to mess with her. On CNN a former assistant, Wendy Brokaw, said it's true Dolly had "the biggest heart," but "she was also really wise"—meaning she could look you in the eye and quickly take your measure.

She was merry about her public persona and invented a Dolly who would be famous forever and stuck with it. She said she modeled her look on the “town tramp”: “It costs a lot of money to look this cheap.”

She didn't fight the dumb clichés that early on gathered around her. The joke about Dolly Parton for at least the first half of her career was that she had big breasts and they must always be the leering object of talk-show hosts: "And now, here they are." She could have shown indignation and confided her pain in interviews. What about my art? Instead, she laughed louder than anyone. She told Oprah Winfrey, gesturing toward herself, “I call these my weapons of mass distraction.” She complained to David Letterman: “Nobody notices I’ve got a great ass too.”

She believed in her talent, bet everything on it. She told interviewers that based on the evidence of old tapes it appeared “Jolene” and “I Will Always Love You” might have been written on the same day. That would have been prodigious if they’d been written the same year.

She never seemed shallow. The shallow can never quite be tender, only sentimental. “Coat of Many Colors,” to pick one song, is tender about people who have nothing and make do. I have always wondered if, while it was based on the truths of Dolly’s childhood, it might also have been inspired by Edna St. Vincent Millay's, "The Ballad of the Harp Weaver," a kind of magical-realism poem about the power of familial love. For artists, inspiration comes in many ways and I trace it there because Parton was widely read and had good taste. When Marie Claire magazine asked her to survey her reading shelf, she picked up John Steinbeck's "The Grapes of Wrath." She said she loved it, had read it three times, and identified with "the hard work and the poor people and the struggles and the times."

Show business isn't prissy, it's fleshy, earthy. We think of stars as an elevated species shining in heaven, but they're in the most physical and earth-bound of businesses, and it involves wigs, corsets, sweat, an itch on your nose when you're doing the close-up, the fly that flew into your mouth as you sang and you had to swallow it. Dolly always sort of signaled her love of the mess of it, and it didn't bring her down to earth in your eyes, it elevated her even more. Because people who enjoy the earthiness of life are the most elegant.

She was a believing Christian and spoke often and believably of prayer, and of her prayers. The day she died her longtime friend Kathie Lee Gifford said on Fox News, “She loved people because she knew God did.” If you think there really is a God, and he really made you and everyone else, then you have to infer that you should be exactly as charitable toward others as you hope God, the day you die, will be to you. That kind of thought will soften your edges. Dolly wasn’t hard-edged.

In her philanthropy she wasn't abstract but particular and concrete. This was out of keeping with the philanthropic style of the turn of the century, in which big money from Silicon Valley and the great banks went to things like targeted microloans for struggling female entrepreneurs far away. That wasn't bad, but it could have been Camden, N.J. Dolly's way was simpler. If a child was preliterate she sent books, if floods destroyed towns she gave cash. She paid sharpest attention to those in her ken, broadly defined as America, where she had the truest sense of need and sharpest eye for what would help. She had been poor in this country, and so she knew the poor existed.

On the “Late Show with David Letterman” on March 24, 1999, she, Emmylou Harris and Linda Ronstadt sang Neil Young’s “After the Gold Rush.” Their strong, clear-bell voices found and locked into perfect vocal harmony. I am listening to it now. It was the last splendid moment of the 20th century.

The first advice of all show business is, “Always leave them wanting more.” Did she ever.

Goodbye, li'l darlin'. We will always love you.

A Food Crisis May Be Coming to the U.S.

By Jeff Stier

In my last face-to-face conversation with my mentor, agronomist Norman Borlaug (1914-2009), he told me to be on guard for shocks to the food supply system. They could be from naturally occurring phenomena like wheat rust and weather or from human activity such as sustained global conflicts. When a man credited with saving at least a billion people from starvation asks you to pay attention to something, it isn't a message you forget or ignore.

We are in the midst of the kind of disruption he foresaw, due to the triple whammy of the Russia-Ukraine war, Iran's control of the Strait of Hormuz and China's manipulation of the global fertilizer market.

The U.S. government has focused on the two armed conflicts, but we ignore at our peril China's exacerbation of the wars' effects on the fertilizer supply. Borlaug was awarded the 1970 Nobel Peace Prize, of all categories, because food security is national security. As he liked to say, quoting Lord John Boyd Orr, "You can't build peace on empty stomachs."

The White House hasn't ignored the emerging crisis, but it must take urgent and concrete steps to stabilize domestic fertilizer supplies. Fertilizer price volatility threatens to undermine two pillars of the administration's domestic priorities: controlling inflation, particularly food inflation; and eating more fruits, vegetables and whole grains.

Let me set the geopolitical chessboard. Russia is a leading fertilizer exporter, but its domestic needs have taken priority amid the war. Iran's disruption of the Strait of Hormuz interferes with petroleum movement and fertilizer shipments. China, a major fertilizer user, has long been the world's second-largest exporter of fertilizer—until recently. Over the past year, China has begun to pull back on exports to manipulate the market.

Chinese producers use American sulfur to manufacture phosphate fertilizers, which supply phosphorus—one of the three primary plant nutrients along with nitrogen and potassium. Backyard gardeners like me know it as the P in N-P-K.

Beginning late last year, China suspended exports of phosphate fertilizers. It then broadened its restrictions on additional fertilizer varieties in March and halted most sulfuric-acid exports beginning in May. Taken together, the suspensions and restrictions have likely affected as much as 40 million metric tons of Chinese fertilizer exports. Largely because of disruptions to petroleum production and sulfur shipments through the Strait of Hormuz, sulfur prices have increased substantially. China's continued uptake of sulfur while banning fertilizer exports has contributed to a doubling of sulfur prices this year alone.

Much of the world's sulfur is recovered as a byproduct of oil refining and natural-gas processing. It is then converted into sulfuric acid, which reacts with mined phosphate rock to produce phosphoric acid used to make phosphate fertilizers.

China's state-owned Yuntianhua Group, one of the country's largest phosphate-fertilizer producers, depends on sulfur—the same globally

China, Russia and Iran control the global fertilizer market. That could mean sky-high grocery prices.

traded raw material China procures from American companies. Yet Beijing's restrictions prevent Yuntianhua and other Chinese producers from exporting phosphate fertilizer. China is benefiting from access to an open global market for raw materials while simultaneously denying that same market access to buyers of its finished fertilizer products.

Even in a normal market, this behavior has the potential to distort the cost of fertilizer for American farmers. When it's done by a leading U.S. adversary at the expense of American manufacturers and farmers during a supply crunch caused by Chinese allies, it becomes a casebook example of a national food security threat.

We can—and should—be free traders. But free trade can't mean allowing Chinese state-owned enterprises to procure critical raw materials from American suppliers while Beijing prevents American farmers from purchasing the resulting fertilizer. We must level the playing field.

The Trump administration is right to promote domestic oil and natural-gas production. Natural gas is a critical input for nitrogen fertilizer, while oil refining and gas processing produce much of the sulfur needed for phosphate fertilizer. Energy security and food security are inseparable.

If you don't like the price at the pump as a result of Iran's belligerence, you certainly won't like the price at the grocery store as a result of China's exploitation of global conflict and its trade practices. As BMI senior commodities analyst Matthew Biggin told Reuters this year, "China restricts supplies rather than coming to the rescue during global tightness. . . . The export restrictions exist because of their tight domestic balance—they're prioritizing security and insulating their domestic market from price shocks." Beyond that, China's actions threaten the affordability of our domestic food supply.

The White House should take a harder line against China and strengthen our domestic fertilizer supply chain to reduce our vulnerability to the Russia-China-Iran axis.

Mr. Stier is an adviser to the Heartland Institute.

Trump Discovers His Inner Nixon on Rock Concerts

Companies are forever merging or spinning off units, launching new products and services, discontinuing old ones. Institutional capital is available to entrepreneurs to disrupt even the most established indus-

BUSINESS WORLD By Holman W. Jenkins, Jr.

tries. Firms raise prices, lower prices, seek this way and that to attenuate the competitive forces that drive every business relentlessly toward profitlessness.

In short, it isn't 1890 anymore, when the Sherman Antitrust Act became law.

The Journal reported this week on Donald Trump's questionable intervention in the Live Nation/Ticket-

As with any subject, when you dig you might reach conclusions surprising to the casual observer. Two Brookings Institution economists broached a taboo subject in 2003. They asked whether antitrust enforcement actually produces public benefit. Their finding was skeptical. It has since been buttressed by an epic run of cases (certainly epic in expense and man-hours) tossed out by federal judges. This litany of defeat includes showy federal efforts to scuttle mergers and acquisitions involving Whole Foods and Wild Oats, AT&T and Time Warner, and Microsoft and Activision.

master antitrust prosecution. The incident recalls Richard Nixon's 1971 meddling in the ITT case, which, in a remarkable absence of coincidence, resulted in a large donation to Nixon's re-election effort.

The case was a flare in the night. A letter writer to this newspaper would much later conclude, “Without the continued threat of antitrust actions, the post-government market value of current federal, antitrust employees would be much lower.”

Could some transaction or arrangement be so anticompetitive as to merit intervention? Yep. Occupational licensing and zoning restrictions, promoted at the local level by organized interests, are two such examples. But this isn't what we

Every prosecutorial effort nowadays seems to begin with a “market definition” gymnastic, a nadir of self-respect being the Federal Trade Commission’s 2003 lawsuit claiming that “superpremium” ice cream doesn’t compete with, er, ice cream.

Mr. Delrahim showed his quality in the AT&T-Time Warner lawsuit, promptly flopping in court. Mr. Bonta now has essentially revived the same failed argument to block Warner's merger with Paramount.

get. We get the kind of case brought by ex-Trump trustbuster Makan Delrahim and current California Attorney General Rob Bonta.

One thing his intervention won't do is fix the problem of mispriced Taylor Swift and Bad Bunny tickets.

But the Live Nation case detailed in the Journal is a wonder all its own, a true mess. Most of the gripes against the concert-promoting giant could be resolved with a solution that has nothing to with antitrust.

That solution: big-name musical acts simply charging market-clearing prices for their tickets.

Antitrust isn't the answer unless you think Taylor Swift, Bruce Springsteen and Bad Bunny engage in predatory pricing. Yet obviated in an instant would be many aggravations the government now links to Live Nation's "market power." Artists are presumed to underprice their tickets because they don't want to be seen gouging their fans. An alternative explanation some have proposed: Bands prefer a chaotic ticket-selling process because it rewards the most obsessive fan who will spend a fortune on merchandise once inside the show.

Mr. Trump, after meeting with Live Nation officials, ended federal participation in the case, but it continues in the hands of 34 state litigants toward an outcome 100% guaranteed to do the public little perceptible good.

Antitrust practitioners operate within a mental framework that overlooks normal prosecutorial discretion, which asks: Does bringing a particular lawsuit offer a net benefit to society? Unfortunately, America doesn't sunset its laws and agencies. When these run out of legitimate purpose, they become actual menaces. A righteous job of any president is to protect the public from these menaces. Mr. Trump has been a severely mixed bag in this regard. Witness his Federal Communications Commission, a recent case study in obsolescence run amok.

What might help? Law schools could use their antitrust curricula as a secret screening device to steer cynics and chiselers who accidentally get through the door toward alternative professions such as telemarketing.

Law is supposed to be a noble profession, devoted to truth and justice. The larger problem here will remain until Congress rethinks the competition laws, finding a more coherent basis for intervention than bureaucratic life-extension. This seems unlikely right now, even with antitrust's shocking record of courtroom failures. But the great virtue of democracy is that, as long as there's another election on the horizon, hope springs eternal for Congress doing something.

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The Business Savvy of Dolly Parton

The late music titan was fiercely protective of her songwriting catalog when even the Beatles and the Rolling Stones failed to maintain control. That conviction became the powering force behind her business empire.

BY ELIAS LEIGHT

D olly Parton was initially thrilled when she heard Elvis Presley was interested in covering her 1974 hit “I Will Always Love You.” “There was nobody that I related to more” than Elvis, she

once told Playboy.

Then she found out the star wanted half the songwriting profits as a condition of cutting her track, even though he had nothing to do with the composition. “In that case, I don’t guess Elvis is going to be recording ‘I Will Always Love You,’ ” Parton recounted to “Out” in 1997. “Everybody said, ‘you’ve got to be out of your damn mind.’”

Parton, who died at 80 on Tuesday after a battle with cancer, was a titan in country music. A relentless charmer with a keening voice that shined especially in the tragic ballads she loved, Parton launched more than 100 tracks onto the country chart, and sold nearly 30 million albums and singles in the U.S., according to the RIAA.

She was also a shrewd operator in the notoriously opaque music industry. The Elvis incident wasn't an aberration: She was militant about maintaining ownership of her songwriting at a

Dolly Parton during her Midwest tour in 1978, above. Parton with her manager, Sandy Gallin, during a red carpet event in the 1990s, left.

time when many acts signed it away, and she was one of the first Nashville artists to envision, and then seamlessly execute, a cross-over to the pop mainstream, a path that Taylor Swift would later follow.

It was entirely logical to Parton that she would pursue ambitious ventures outside of music as well. These ran the gamut: She starred in movies and invested in property and wrote children's books, sold cake mix and jeans and doggy toys. Dollywood, the theme park she launched in 1986, was an economic engine that generated thousands of jobs in the eastern part of Tennessee, near where she grew up. Last year, Forbes valued Parton's catalog at \$120 million and estimated that her total worth was \$450 million.

"We would dream things up, and then we have to try to figure out how to make it like she dreamed it," said Ted Miller, who was head of Dolly Parton Productions, which manages her intellectual property and other ventures, until retiring last year after working for Parton for more than four decades. "It was a full-

30 million Albums and singles sold in the U.S.

time job—she always had something new on her mind. It aged me some, but it was a pleasure.”

As a committed philanthropist, she gave away much of her wealth. Her Please turn to page B12

Paramount Turns to a Heavy-Hitting Lawyer Who Likes Tough Clients

Beth Wilkinson is on three of the most high-stakes media battles in years. She's known for her strategy of boiling down complex cases.

BY JESSICA TOONKEL

DAVID ELLISON NEEDED MORE legal muscle.

After Paramount suffered a bruising July hearing in its fight with a coalition of state attorneys general trying to block its \$81 billion acquisition of Warner Bros. Discovery, Ellison picked up the phone and called a lawyer used to hearing from CEOs in a jam: Beth Wilkinson.

Wilkinson has successfully defended the National Football League and pharmaceutical giant Pfizer, as well as Supreme Court Justice Brett Kavanaugh against accusations of sexual assault in his confirmation hearings, making her a go-to trial lawyer in high-stakes cases. She has won about 60 cases and lost four jury verdicts, two of which were set aside and one settled. She has never had a client pay a judgment.

She is now in the middle of the three most high-stakes media battles in years—she's the defenderin-chief of legacy entertainment companies grappling with industry change. In addition to working for Paramount, Wilkinson is representing TV station operator Nexstar Media Group in defending its \$6.2 billion acquisition of competitor Tegna, a deal state attorneys generals have also sued to block, and Walt Disney Co.'s ABC in its fight with the Federal Communications Commission over the network's broadcast licenses.

While some lawyers try to fight every battle in a court case, Wilkinson, 63 years old, is known for distilling cases in her courtroom presentations. Her candid, straightforward approach has routinely won over judges and juries.

Wilkinson, who left Paul Weiss to start her own Washington, D.C., firm a decade ago, is preparing for Paramount's trial, scheduled for March, even as the company has said it hopes to settle and avoid it and the upward of \$1 billion in fees it will pay under its acquisition agreement. The publicity and noise surrounding the case will test for her strip-it-down-to-a-few-facts playbook.

For her other client, Disney, Wilkinson is playing offense. Last week, Disney's ABC sued the Federal Communications Commission, alleging the agency's efforts to challenge its broadcast licenses and regulate its talk show "The View" are illegal and an effort to quash speech the Trump administration finds objectionable.

She has a playbook for selecting jurors in cases involving large companies that makes a case simple and emotional. When defending tobacco company Philip Morris in class-action suits, for example, Wilkinson, who dressed in cheerier, lighter colors, asked prospective jurors if they would feel comfortable going back to their synagogues, mosques or churches saying they ruled in favor of such a company. Anyone who didn't had an out.

The daughter of a nuclear sub-marine captain in Ledyard, Conn.,

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Beth Wilkinson in court for Microsoft in 2023. Her calculation that Microsoft was winning led her to skip a closing argument, and it paid off.

she and her sister were expected to defend their positions at the dinner table. After graduating from Princeton University on an ROTC scholarship, she earned a University of Virginia law degree.

She served in the Army, as a lawyer in the general counsel's office at the Pentagon, doing intelligence, special operations and national security work. She later joined the U.S. Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of New York and the Justice Department, working for then-Attorney General Please turn to page B4

This Vineyard Started China's Boutique Wine Boom


Silver Heights is one of China's first boutique wineries. Emma Gao, below right, co-founded the popular vineyard with her father, below left, in 2007. Silver Heights's varieties are served at fine-dining spots around the globe.

Chinese wine exports reached \$75 million over the first six months of this year, tripling since 2025

BY Jon EMONT

Yinchuan, China WHEN EMMA GAO MADE the unlikely decision to grow Cabernet Sauvignon in the sandstorm-swept foothills of China's Ningxia region in 2007, she had little thought of selling her wine at destination restaurants abroad.

Now, her Pinot Noir, Cabernet, and Chardonnay have been served at places including Michelin-starred Gramercy Tavern in New York; Ba, a fashionable high-end Cantonese spot in Milan; and The Cinnamon Club, an Indian fine-dining restaurant in the heart of London.

Gao, who trained in France, is helping Chinese wine expand internationally, as sommeliers seek to entice drinkers bored by Bordeaux and Barolo with new wine experiences. Chinese wine exports reached \$75 million over the first six months of this year, tripling from the same period last year. “I think the wine world is very open, and they are curious about a new terroir, a new philosophy,” said Gao, 50.

China emerged as a major global wine market in the 2010s, but domestic wine consumption declined by more than half between 2020 and 2025, owing to a sluggish economy and Communist Party discouragement of alcohol-fueled banquets. That has weighed heavily on wine exporters in Bordeaux and Australia as well as China's own winemakers.

Silver Heights, Gao's winery, is a rare bright spot. Sales within China have remained healthy and exports have grown to one third of its business, from next to nothing five years ago. Bottles can retail from \$20 to around \$200. Outside of China, the biggest market is Asian cities like Tokyo and Singapore.

Fans include Randall Restiano, a restaurateur in New York City, who served as beverage director for the Gramercy Tavern until last October. When a colleague suggested he give Chinese wine a try, he was skeptical but agreed to a tasting and tried Silver Heights's Pinot Noir.

"There's a spice in here or a hint in here that is just shouting something...and I'm assuming it's Chinese terroir," he said. "I was like 'Done! I'm in. I want everything. Send it over as fast as you can.'"

Gao began studying wine in France in 1999 on the advice of her father, a wine lover. She spent a year at Lycée Viticole d'Orange, in the Rhone Valley wine region, where she learned about tasting and commercial sales, before moving on to the prestigious Bordeaux

Institute of Oenology to learn more about the craft of winemaking. She was one of the few Chinese students, and was surrounded by sci-ons of centuries-old wine estates.

After returning to China she began working as a winemaker for a large producer in China's far-western Xinjiang region. She was fastidious, using the company's laboratory to analyze the tannins and colors of grapes in different parcels of the vineyard to craft specific types of wine, just as she had been taught in Bordeaux. But her boss at the winery was trying to sell in bulk and wasn't impressed by her extra effort.

She called her father in tears and told him her training was being wasted. “I said, ‘Let’s do our own winery. It doesn’t need to be a big one, just a few bottles,’ ” Gao recalled. The elder Gao was retired; he asked his wife—Emma’s mother—for permission to use around \$45,000 of their savings to start making wine in their home region of Ningxia, in northern China. Silver Heights, one of China’s first boutique wineries, was founded in 2007.

Ningxia, roughly 600 miles west of Beijing, has thin rocky soil and freezing winters: it wasn't an obvious place for a winery. The Gaos believed the arid soil near the Helan mountains could produce interesting wine, but the early years weren't always smooth. Vines in Ningxia must be buried in soil in winter to protect them from the harsh cold, a laborious process that significantly increases costs. Viticulture workers had to be trained from scratch. Sand storms blew in from the Gobi, disrupting the ripening process and spoiling harvests. Emma maintained a day job at a Shanghai wine importer, and worked at the vineyard on the weekends.

One day, she tentatively gave the boss at her day job a taste of her 2007 Summit. He was so impressed that he rushed it to Robert Parker, the legendary wine critic, who

awarded it a solid score of 82 out of 100, and made a video highlighting the wine's balance. It was heady and unexpected praise for a Chinese winemaker in her early 30s. After the success of her 2007 vintage, Gao dedicated herself full time to her winery, eventually moving the family vineyard just east of the Helan mountain, where vines are protected from sandstorms.

At the 170-acre vineyard, horses and cows graze in a paddock; their dung is used for fertilizer. Long rows of Grenache and Cabernet Sauvignon vines cover the thin, rocky soil. The temperature in July easily reaches 90 degrees, and on a recent visit some Cabernet grapes were turning purple a couple of weeks early.

In 2020, Silver Heights hired Italian wine manager Marco Milani as its new chief executive. He signed on after being wowed by a Silver Heights Chardonnay he tried in Verona. “I like the idea of the small Chinese family that little by little made this happen,” he said.

Milani thought the wine was good enough to export. To impress doubtful sommeliers abroad, Milani challenged them to blind taste tests, and said they often preferred the Chinese wine to French or Italian comparisons. In addition to growth, one side effect of the exports, he said, was to create a positive feedback loop in China: If Silver Heights was accepted in New York and London, top Chinese restaurants and bars would want it, too.

In New York City, the path to growth runs through Camden Hauge Sin, a New Jersey native who recently returned from 15 years in the restaurant business in Shanghai to found a dedicated Chinese wine sales business.

Hauge Sin lugs bottles of Chinese wine onto the subway to pour samples for stone-faced sommeliers and restaurant wine buyers, who sometimes come back with an order.

Despite the challenges—like high U.S. tariffs on Chinese products that push up costs—New York is a good place to launch, Hauge Sin said, because of the “city’s appetite for the new.”

As other Chinese winemakers are making bottles that now win top awards at international competitions, Gao has entered a more experimental period, making a refreshing new drink that combines traditional Chinese rice wine with Chardonnay and Pinot. The concoction has a slightly fermented aftertaste and is popular in Italy. She is also leaning in to different types of white wines that are popular with younger Chinese drinkers, and is making alcoholic drinks from traditional Chinese fruit.

Satisfaction comes from doing “what we want to, like an artist,” Gao said. “If people buy it and like it, then I’m most happy.”

What a 125-Year-Old Bull Market Says About Today's Trading Craze

THE INTELLIGENT INVESTOR | JASON ZWEIG

Trading apps have replaced bucket shops, but Wall Street abounds with eerie parallels to 1901

New York Stock Exchange, annual turnover rates, 1900–14

Source: NYSE Factbook, 2004

Is this seemingly unstoppable stock market starting to feel like 1999, when technology stocks went vertical on a wave of speculation? To me, like 1901.

it feels more like 1901.

No, I wasn't around back then. But a look 125 years back in time shows that it was a remarkably similar period, with lessons for today. Gambling fever can burn longer and hotter than most people think—and then end faster than anyone can imagine. Those who refuse to play pay a high price in short-term opportunity cost, but win in the long run.

Some of the similarities are un-canny.

In 2026, fast trading is almost the norm, with more than 3 million daily trades in S&P 500 index option contracts that expire the same day. In 1901, the turnover rate on the New York Stock Exchange hit $319\%$ , with the entire market capitalization effectively changing hands every 16 weeks—a velocity of trading that wouldn't be exceeded for more than a century.

In 2026, prediction markets are all the rage, with traders betting on the short-term outcome of just about anything imaginable. In 1901, bucket shops were the hottest outlet for speculation, with people betting on whether the next tick in U.S. Leather or American Cotton Oil stock would be up or down.

In 2026, leveraged exchange-traded funds are booming, enabling traders to double or triple the daily returns on stocks or indexes. In 1901, speculators trading on margin, or borrowed money, eagerly leveraged their bets 10-fold or more. (Today, with perpetual futures, some people might even be

able to leverage up to 100 to 1.)

The first lesson of 1901 is that speculative fever is hard to compartmentalize. Gambling in one area of your financial life tends to infect the rest.

The journalist and author Edwin Lefèvre—who later became famous for the book “Reminiscences of a Stock Operator”—published a collection of short fiction in 1901 called “Wall Street Stories.”

Intoxicated by “the wine of gambling,” one of his characters doesn’t see a difference between trading “50,000 shares of a stock” or betting “\$50,000 on the turn of a card.” He offers “to wager a fortune that he could guess which of two flies that had [landed] on a table would be the first to fly away.”

Have we progressed in 125 years? Nowadays, prediction markets let you bet on what bitcoin's price will be 15 minutes from now or whether a football broadcaster will say the words "tush push" during the Super Bowl.

Then, as now, companies that inflamed the public's urge to gamble cloaked themselves in the righteous robes of “democratization.”

One of the nation's biggest bucket shops, the aptly named Haight & Freese, claimed that its annual “Guide to Investors” was “for the benefit of the million[sic] of busy people” who were seeking “a fair chance of securing a portion of the immense profits [from] the rapidly accumulating number and value of exchange securities.”

Yet bucket shops had nothing to do with investing, even though they shrewdly called their customers “investors.” All you could do

was bet on a binary outcome: whether the next trade in a given stock would be up or down.

That made people feel they were participating in the capital markets—especially because they could trade with as little as \$10 and leverage it, sometimes 30-fold or more. Brokerage firms at the New York Stock Exchange rarely accepted orders for less than 100 shares (which could run into the thousands of dollars) and generally had much tighter limits on margin.

Today's prediction markets and trading apps pack a similar package into your phone.

The danger then, as now: Once speculation feels fun, it becomes potentially addictive. And that almost always ends in heartburn or heartache.

At the turn of the 20th century, a waiter made \$100,000 (millions of dollars in today's money) trading Brooklyn Rapid Transit Co. stock, noted a history of the NYSE in 1905—a profit, the writer wryly added, “which Wall Street took back at a later date.”

But the longer the good times roll, the more remote the day of reckoning feels. In 1901, the economy was booming. Financiers, led by J.P. Morgan, rolled up entire industries into “combinations” meant to limit competition, minimize price-cutting and maximize appeal to investors. Investors went ga-ga over industrial agglomerations for tin, oil, electric utilities, flour, furniture, copper, pottery, leather, borax, oatmeal, even coffins.

In 1901, U.S. Steel became the first billion-dollar company. It created the same sort of excitement as SpaceX did in 2026 when it became the first initial public offering with a valuation of more than \$1 trillion.

After rising 19% in 1900, the stock market rose another 20% in 1901 and 5% in 1902. Following a stumble in 1903, stocks soared again, returning 69% in the next three years.

Then, finally, came the Panic of 1907, when the market crashed 30%, losing 10% in October alone.

Trust companies, the original “shadow banks,” had loaned buckets of money to risky businesses, real-estate speculators and stock traders. Bank runs ensued as depositors feared that dodgy trusts would go bust. It was one of the worst financial disasters in American history, leading to the creation of the Federal Reserve.

I'm not saying you should sell everything and sit out this bull market. But remember this: The few people who had remained calm and remote from the frenzy of the early 1900s emerged stronger.

Hetty Green, perhaps the first and among the greatest of all long-term investors, lived stubbornly by her motto: “Never speculate in Wall Street.” In 1908, she recalled: “When the crash came I had money, and I was one of the very few who really had it. The others had their ‘securities’ and their ‘values.’ I had the cash, and they had to come to me.”

The Warren Buffett of the NFL and His Quest to Win In a League Built for Losers

The Rams' Les Snead found a way to build a perennial contender by rethinking the market as a value investor

BY JOSHUA ROBINSON AND JONATHAN CLEGG es Snead had been working in professional football for three decades when he

realized that he'd been doing it all wrong.

The general manager of the Los Angeles Rams was widely considered to be one of the most successful executives in the entire National Football League. He had helped revive the Atlanta Falcons, led the Rams to the Super Bowl, and developed a knack for unearthing gems in the NFL draft.

But after the 2020 season, Snead had an epiphany.

Until that point, the football lifer from Eufaula, Ala., had done everything by the book. He'd drafted a No. 1 quarterback and surrounded him with weapons—just the way he was supposed to. Then, once those players had all proven themselves, he locked them up with long-term deals. The only thing he was missing was a Super Bowl ring.

And if Snead was going to win himself a championship, it dawned on him that everything that had carried the Rams to this point would have to change.

That realization would trigger the most aggressive set of all-in moves ever attempted by an NFL franchise. Over the following months, Snead traded away his handpicked starting quarterback and a haul of seven draft picks for proven veterans who were ready to win immediately.

It would take the rest of the NFL a little longer to figure out exactly what he was up to. In fact, the league is still coming to terms with this audacious roll of the dice five years later. Ahead of the new NFL season, Snead was at it again, making another ginormous bet to bring All-Pro defensive end Myles Garrett to Los Angeles in a move that has established the Rams as overwhelming favorites to win the Super Bowl.

By now, that type of aggressive maneuver is known as Snead's trademark, a teambuilding approach that has reshaped decades of thinking about how to construct a championship roster. But back in 2020, this abrupt reconsidering of everything he'd ever learned was merely his latest crack at solving one of the most maddening challenges in sports: Building a perennial winner in a league expressly designed to prevent it.

picks—in fact, they wouldn't get to pick in the first round for seven straight years.

“It’s a discipline that was imposed on us,” he says.

What it left them with was a high-wattage roster that featured All-Pro level talent at nearly every important position. All Snead required from the draft was players who would complement his superstars. If they could identify prospects with attributes that specifically suited coach Sean McVay's playbook, then it would be enough.

"The third round," Snead told his staff, "is our first round."

One reason that Snead could be so fearless was that he had come to the realization that, contrary to NFL orthodoxy, the draft wasn't the be-all, end-all of teambuilding. The most important decision a front office could make was choosing which players received a second contract, the life-changing piece of paper that converted a cheap asset on a rookie deal into a major, multiyear financial commitment. No other decision rippled out over so many seasons or had as much power to shape the trajectory of the team.

Snead's approach has reshaped decades of thinking.

Only a fraction of players drafted into the league ever reached this stage. Being picked by an NFL team was a major step, but the transformational moment came when they graduated from the rookie deal to the second contract.

“Guys who get second contracts,” one Rams executive says, “are an insanely rarefied group. Of the millions of football-age people, what percentage went to college? And got drafted? And within that subset, how many got second contracts? Once you weed everyone else out, they could almost fit in a room.”

Snead now viewed himself less as a pure talent scout and more as a value investor who just hap-

* * *

Over more than a century since the league was formed in an auto dealership in Canton, Ohio, pro football has evolved into an edifice of rules that have been engineered specifically to level the playing field.

From the league's annual draft (which redistributes talent to those teams that need it most), to a hard salary cap (which dilutes the advantage of rich owners), to a model of revenue sharing that leaves even the most hapless club drowning in money, the NFL has spent a century designing the ultimate race to the middle. Weak teams are given a boost and strong ones are knee-capped, all as a matter of course.

In order to separate from the pack, it's not enough to simply find the most gifted players. The fate of a franchise depends on cramming them into a vast, complex puzzle of resource allocation that's harder to navigate than a swimming pool in a straitjacket.

What Snead understood was that you don't beat the system playing by the book—at least not any book written about football.

He drew inspiration from management tomes and self-improvement guides. One of his favorites was a beaten-up copy of a 1998 bestseller titled “Who Moved My Cheese?” The book, which offers strategies for navigating the metaphorical mouse maze, is really an ode to adaptability.

Snead has never forgotten it. And in the spring of 2021, the obstacle standing between him and the cheese he'd been close enough to sniff, the Lambardi Trophy, was a

sniff—the Lombardi Trophy—was a quarterback named Jared Goff. A 6-foot-4, blond-haired passer from California, Goff was straight out of NFL central casting. He had developed into a two-time Pro Bowler and led the Rams to the playoffs three times. More than that, he was the face of Snead's regime in L.A. But rather than a franchise-defining legacy pick, Snead began to view him differently in this new era for the Rams. He was good, but not great. He executed the system, but couldn't transcend it. Snead could tell that the Rams were winning with Jared Goff, but not because of Jared Goff.

He could have easily waited another season to find out whether Goff would reach the next level. But Snead decided that the time for waiting was over. Correctly identifying that you're in a championship window is one of the hardest things in the NFL. Plenty of teams convince themselves they're ready to win a title after one good season. Most slide back the next year because they're too scared to push all of their chips into the middle.

So less than four weeks after the end of their season, the Rams agreed to trade Goff and two first-round picks to the Detroit Lions in exchange for Matthew Stafford. The No. 1 pick in the 2016 draft for the No. 1 pick in the 2009 draft. The future for the right now.

Not since the Dallas Cowboys dealt away Herschel Walker had a bombshell trade rocked the NFL quite like this one. And it was only the start. In the months that followed, Snead swung trades for All-Pro defensive end Von Miller and running back Sony Michel, a former first-rounder, by giving up four more draft picks. The building blocks he had used to assemble a playoff team were now bargaining chips to chase a championship.

“We were going to give up young players that we could grow with,” Snead said later, “for that opportunity to bring in a quarterback who was in his prime.”

When the Rams won Super Bowl LVI, inside their home stadium in Inglewood, Calif., it constituted absolute vindication.

Barely a year since Snead had bet on a title window, the Rams had barreled right through it. No one was worrying about the draft two months down the road. The phrase "F—them picks," which had guided their all-in approach, had become a mantra, a meme, and a coffee mug that sat on Snead's desk.

The model was so successful that it ushered in a whole offseason of win-or-bust moves as teams mustered the courage to take greater risks. In the span of 15 days that March, nine veteran players with a combined 39 Pro Bowl appearances switched teams in trades, headlined by the Miami Dolphins' sending five

Les Snead treats Buffett's lesson that 'price is what you pay' and 'value is what you get' as gospel.

picks to the Kansas City Chiefs for wide receiver Tyreek Hill.

Now everyone wanted to be the Rams. What they had missed, however, was that the blockbuster trades were only one part of their strategy. Despite what the coffee mug said, Snead hadn't really spent three years setting his draft picks on fire. In fact, he was quietly hoarding tons of them—they were just in a part of the draft where no one was paying attention.

“He looks at the economics of the league,” says one person who has worked closely with Snead. “He looks for what people are overvaluing, what they’re undervaluing, and he just changes his personality.”

The NFL had always viewed the first and second rounds as the places to go shopping for immediate contributors. Rounds three, four, and five yielded backups and talent to nurture. And the late rounds were for special teams fodder and training-camp tackling dummies.

Of course, teams had managed to find Pro Bowlers and Hall of Famers everywhere—Tom Brady is without question the most famous sixth-rounder of all time. But because the draft was an inexact science, the surest way to extract value was to take as many shots as possible.

Snead convinced himself that there was a better way. Days 2 and 3 of the draft were only unproductive if you treated them like panning for gold. If you went in hoping to fish out a couple of rocks and an old boot, though, it wasn't so hard to locate exactly what you were looking for.

The Rams had come to believe that 80% of NFL players were system players. As long as they were in the right setup, they could thrive.

This wasn't a philosophical shift for the sake of being a contrarian. Rather it was forced on Snead by a string of decisions he'd already made. All of those splashy moves to acquire Stafford and the rest had cost the Rams all of their early

pened to be in the business of picking NFL stocks.

As far back as his time in Atlanta, Snead had devoured books about Warren Buffett—usually on tape as he drove from school to school all over the South. The Oracle of Omaha, whose nickname made him sound like some legendary Nebraska offensive coordinator, had lessons that Snead treated like gospel.

“Price is what you pay,” Buffett liked to say. “Value is what you get.”

But what was the right way to determine value in the NFL? Which were the blue-chip stocks to buy? How many should you carry in your portfolio? And what positions should they fill in the lineup?

The Rams developed a strict pay scale based on how they valued each position relative to another. On defense, they would break the bank for only three spots—defensive tackle, edge rusher and No. 1 cornerback. Inside linebackers and safeties were replaceable parts. That was what the draft was for. If they were three years and done, that was fine. The Rams could just restock at those positions.

On offense, it was the same. Interior offensive linemen, right tackles, and tight ends were cheap. Pass throwers and pass catchers got paid.

So when it came to Days 2 and 3 of the Draft, the Rams weren't reaching for stars. They were simply plugging holes.

“Every draft is that year’s mutual fund,” Snead says. “One really bad stock or investment can bring an entire portfolio down.”

Adapted from “THE PLAYBOOK: The Hidden Forces Shaping Winners and Losers in the Modern NFL” by Joshua Robinson and Jonathan Clegg, to be published by Mariner Books on Sept. 8, 2026. Original text Copyright © 2026 by Joshua Robinson and Jonathan Clegg. Printed by arrangement with Mariner Books, an imprint of HarperCollins Publishers (which, like The Wall Street Journal, is owned by News Corp).


Rams quarterback Jared Goff and head coach Sean McVay in 2020. Snead would trade Goff in a bombshell move after that season.


KEYWORDS | CHRISTOPHER MIMS

I Let Google's Personal Intelligence Access My Life—and It's a Huge Help

The idea might seem wild, but the tech giant's new products make it more accessible for non-nerds

I woke up on a recent morning to three different AI alerts: My sleep had been pretty good, if light on REM; I urgently needed to review the cover of a foreign-language translation of my book; and I really ought to consider a weekend sea-kayaking expedition with the family.

People throw around the idea of “AI as a personal assistant” a lot, but this was the first time it hit me that artificial intelligence really has become my personal assistant. Specifically, Google’s AI.

I've long been a skeptic of personal AI—my privacy paranoia has made me one of those people who always rejects cookies and app-tracking requests—but my experiences with it lately have me turning into one of those AI guys. Pretty soon, you might be one, too.

With my permission, Google's Personal Intelligence tool can access all my activity in almost every Google service. It has turned out to be an enabler of a handful of killer apps.

Daily Brief is an agenda for the day that Google's Gemini AI app generates for me every morning. It tells me what I have on tap for the next 24 hours and any pertinent future events, highlighting both items already on my calendar and things still stuck in my Gmail inbox. It has become indispensable for organizing my waking hours, prioritizing critical tasks and remembering important obligations.

Then there's Dreambeans, the company's newer, experimental Personal Intelligence app. If Daily Brief is the no-nonsense helper, Dreambeans is its slightly de-ranged hippie brother. It suggests things I might want to learn about, experience or share with my family. I'm drawn to the uncanny specificity of its suggestions, each one paired with an AI-generated sketch of myself and my loved ones actually doing those things.

For now, accessing Daily Brief costs as little as \$5 a month, through the Google AI Plus plan, while Dreambeans requires a \$20-a-month Google AI Pro plan.

My third morning alert is from Google Health Coach, which draws data from my Fitbit Air band, which we've previously reviewed.

It doesn't use Personal Intelligence, but it does use Gemini AI, and comes in either a separate subscription plan or a higher-priced Google AI bundle. I've shared so much with this chatbot—from my workouts and health goals to the data from my fitness band—I feel like it gets me.

Amiable agents

For years, we've been promised proactive AI that eases our burdens, rather than reactive AI that just waits for our prompts. Early adopters who use so-called agentic AI for work know how powerful it can be to hand AI a task and then ignore it until it's done. But, until now, this functionality has been mostly absent from consumer apps.

Google made Personal Intelligence accessible to all users in the U.S. in March for Gemini chatbot queries. Google launched the Daily Brief in May, and I've been testing both since their earliest days.

It has taken months for these services to demonstrate real utility for me, but now I wouldn't want to be without them.

A recent example: My daily brief included a note about an upcoming interview with an automotive expert, pulled from my email correspondence with him. It also included a one-tap option to use Gemini's deep-research capabilities to gather some recent developments at this firm and formulate questions based on them. On a whim, I tapped it, and the results were so good they helped inform that conversation.

Adding this kind of proactive help to the Daily Brief is what product manager Lawren Tilney's team at Google DeepMind is trying to do. "We really think this can be kind of your life partner, your proactive ally for your day," she says.

Who sees your data?

Both ChatGPT and Claude can generate a daily briefing like Google's, but it requires mastering several of their features at once. First, a user must grant these AI tools access to Google services like email and calendar, and then create a regular task that will fire off every morning, using a prompt that tells the AI to scan these

sources and prioritize their contents.

Setting those up isn't just considerably more complicated, it also means giving these third-party AI platforms access to all of my Google-stored information. That feels like a much bigger leap of faith, privacy-wise, than allowing Google to use data it already has in a new way.

For those who already pay for Google's Gemini AI, switching on

all this functionality is as straightforward as turning on Personal Intelligence and then adjusting

Dreambeans draws on everything from email to location data to envision the life a person should be living.

some of its settings in Gemini.

“Daily Brief operates under the same strict privacy protections as our other consumer apps,” Tilney says.

If you're worried about your data being used to train AI, Google says that while general prompts and responses may be used, your emails, photos or any other personal information won't be, even if they appear in prompts and responses.

Google's Personal Intelligence feature isn't currently available for business Google accounts, although some companies are starting to use Gemini Enterprise, which can perform similar tasks.

Convenience wins

There is a huge gap between what today's AI tools are capable of and what we actually use them for. Many of their abilities are, for now, locked behind a level of complexity that only die-hard geeks can get past.

Google's Daily Brief, Dreambeans and the integration of Personal Intelligence into Gemini all win on simplicity. I wrote an entire book about AI, and yet I've been too lazy to leverage its full power in my personal life.

I didn't set out to leverage AI, beavering away in the background while I sleep, to set my priorities every morning, and even help me regulate my physical and mental health. But now I get it, because these proactive features more or less fell into my lap and made themselves useful.

Apple is also betting that personal AI will explode once it's built into the devices and services already in our hands. Like Google, Apple already has access to its users' digital lives.

As my colleague Nicole Nguyen wrote of Apple's upgraded Apple Intelligence, built into the versions of its device operating systems due out next month, “To win people over, Apple’s AI doesn’t have to be powerful, it just has to be available and easy to use.”

Google is already demonstrating this is true.

She Is the Go-To Lawyer For CEOs in a Jam

Continued from page B1

Continued from page B1 and Deputy Attorney General Janet Reno and Merrick Garland.

Wilkinson was one of the lead prosecutors in the case against Oklahoma City bomber Timothy McVeigh, who was sentenced to death. She argued that the bombing, which killed 168 people, was “the crime the death penalty was designed for.” McVeigh was sentenced to death and killed by lethal injection in 2001.

She was 34 at the time, and the case would propel her career. It also was where she met her husband, David Gregory, who was covering the trial for NBC News. When he first approached her, she was uninterested, Gregory has said.


David Gregory and Beth Wilkinson at the 2008 Kennedy Center Honors.

By the end of the trial, the two were an item, and they married a few years later. Garland officiated at the Nantucket, Mass., wedding, joking at one point that when he told Wilkinson to improve her relations with the press, this wasn't what he meant.

She helped Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates prepare for a 2014 deposition, and since then, Microsoft has turned to her for any major case, said Brad Smith, vice chair and president of Microsoft, which has hired Wilkinson for years.

She successfully defended the company's \$75 billion acquisition of Activision against the U.S. government's attempt to block the deal. In a gutsy move, she opted not to make a closing argument.

Wilkinson's calculation: She had cited math to support her argument that the combination of Microsoft and Activision wouldn't be a monopoly. The judge had peppered the government with questions citing it.

Microsoft's in-house lawyers looked at her like she was crazy when she told them it was better to stand down than make a closing because she could see they were winning. Wilkinson stood her ground, she recalled at a recent Microsoft internal meeting.

Whenever then-Activision CEO Bobby Kotick questioned Microsoft's strategy, Wilkinson would come to the phone to explain it. It impressed Kotick, who asked that Wilkinson question him on the stand instead of Activision's own lawyers.


Beth Wilkinson, second from left, was part of the prosecution team that tried Timothy McVeigh for the Oklahoma City bombing. It was 'the crime the death penalty was designed for,' she argued at the 1997 trial.

Earlier this summer, when Ellison mentioned to Kotick that he was considering hiring Wilkinson, Kotick endorsed the idea.

“What Beth can do better than anyone I have ever seen is parse what is really important and have the guts to not use every piece of evidence,” said Malini Moorthy, who worked with Wilkinson on a number of trials while leading civil litigation at Pfizer and global litigation and investigations at Bayer. “Sometimes you are cutting Oscar-winning scenes and leaving them on the floor because they don’t tell the cohesive story.”

While defending Pfizer in a lawsuit over whether its hormone replacement therapy drug had caused breast cancer in a patient who died, she made a risky choice to play a video of the woman who had died before the plaintiff could.

The video, which Wilkinson played to open the trial, showed the woman in her hospital bed admitting that she was warned of the dangers of the medication.

“A lot of people would be afraid to use that,” said Moorthy, who is now general counsel at Argenx, a European biotech company.

Wilkinson argued that it was hard to know for sure what led to the disease—and quoted C+C Music Factory’s “Things that Make You Go Hmmmm...” in her closing argument.

She has a tight group of women friends, some of whom are also trial lawyers, and many of whom are former Princeton classmates.

Toward the end of the antitrust trial against the National Football League, the women attorneys on the case with her made her beaded friendship bracelets with sayings

like “Closing Queen” and “WTVR Beth Wants.”

At Paramount, Wilkinson will need to break down the company's argument that a combination of Warner and Paramount wouldn't raise anticompetitive concerns. The California attorney general canceled a meeting with Ellison to discuss a potential settlement this past week after The Wall Street Journal reported plans for the meeting.

A few years ago, Wilkinson and her team of lawyers were holding a video call with a potential client, according to someone on the call. On the screen were a group of men in suits. One had a question.

“Beth, have you ever been lead on a trial,” he asked. Not missing a beat, Wilkinson responded, “You know, I can’t remember when I was not the lead.”

Only RIMOWA makes RIMOWA.

RIMOWA

LastYear ago
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Weekly P/E data based on as-reported earnings from Birinyi Associates Inc. ${}^{\dagger}$ Based on Nasdaq-100 Index

Nasdaq Composite Index

Major U.S. Stock-Market Indexes
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Dow JonesLatest52-Week% chg
HighLowCloseNet chg% chgHighLow% chgYTD3-yr. ann.
Industrial Average53819.6553489.4153559.99-9.45-0.0254349.1245166.6417.611.415.7
Transportation Avg21605.3921303.8121378.75-61.52-0.2923933.1415067.8734.423.210.8
Utility Average1091.371074.161078.28-7.93-0.731190.231048.33-1.01.06.9
Total Stock Market76871.1176182.9576272.17-286.53-0.3777313.2362750.3619.213.019.9
Barron's 4001665.781650.371650.40-12.72-0.761685.461318.7019.916.818.7
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Nasdaq Composite26700.6826359.2726402.42-138.93-0.5227093.9020794.6423.113.624.4
Nasdaq-10029752.7829383.9229433.43-208.13-0.7030660.6022953.3825.716.625.0
S&P
500 Index7771.487700.917711.76-19.23-0.257798.996343.7219.412.720.3
MidCap 4003837.073778.923779.47-45.77-1.203926.983109.8916.114.413.2
SmallCap 6001789.601767.571767.57-14.96-0.841828.541364.9422.920.413.6
Other Indexes
Russell 20003017.042972.372972.37-41.97-1.393068.422305.1125.619.816.7
NYSE Composite24733.4724548.7324585.18-63.85-0.2624821.6820912.8916.211.715.7
Value Line692.31685.06685.69-3.710-0.54702.60590.508.79.16.8
NYSE Arca Biotech9539.769294.089296.21-243.55-2.559539.765973.7555.630.020.9
NYSE Arca Pharma1264.921253.211260.97-3.95-0.311315.38925.1832.612.011.4
KBW Bank188.14186.70187.170.53193.91143.2324.114.032.2
PHLX$ Gold/Silver430.96409.65413.18-15.37-3.59470.37249.0865.920.752.2
PHLX$ Oil Service104.49102.80104.411.10109.2460.2759.542.44.6
PHLX$ Semiconductor11794.2811435.7011469.66-412.51-3.4714634.725592.82102.361.948.0
Cboe Volatility14.8414.1314.43-0.08-0.5531.0513.47-6.1-3.5-1.5

International Stock Indexes
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NYSENYSE Amer.
Total volume*1,005,495,91317,213,080
Adv. volume*438,908,8972,942,047
Decl. volume*550,413,48414,170,565
Issues traded2,836299
Advances1,160105
Declines1,571182
Unchanged10512
New highs553
New lows519
Closing Arms†1.061.01
Block trades*3,545140
Total volume*8,457,878,224313,468,684
Adv. volume*3,769,871,24292,872,218
Decl. volume*4,642,212,240219,645,142
Issues traded5,0812,691
Advances1,564555
Declines3,3312,103
Unchanged18633
New highs11785
New lows15426
Closing Arms†0.580.62
Block trades*60,2291,374

$^{a}$ Primary market NYSE, NYSE American NYSE Arca only. $^{b}$ (TRIN) A comparison of the number of advancing and declining issues with the volume of shares rising and falling. An Arms of less than 1 indicates buying demand; above 1 indicates selling pressure.

CompanySymbolLatest Session52-Week
CloseNet chg% chgHighLow% chg
Pasqal HoldingPSQL19.119.3295.2020.109.17...
Swvl HoldingsSWVL3.120.9141.184.011.30-8.5
TJGC GroupTJGC9.901.9624.6910.191.46115.7
YD BioYDES4.800.9324.0325.001.70-9.4
CBL InternationalBANL16.102.8021.0516.403.4689.1
ElasticESTC99.9116.1719.31108.0042.0513.8
Reading Intl BRDIB18.312.9118.9024.008.0039.9
Akari Therapeutics ADRAKTX10.701.6918.7649.603.02-66.9
Quoin Pharm ADRQNRX6.120.9718.7241.803.25-18.4
JELD-WEN HoldingJELD2.530.3516.066.980.93-58.2
Defiance Tgt 2x Shrt IONQIONZ2.940.3814.8491.681.73-96.3
Aethlon MedicalAEMD2.490.3214.75105.002.17-97.6
FemasysFEMY3.200.4114.7022.202.02-55.1
Defiance Dly Tgt 2x ShSMST26.303.3414.55154.1621.68-6.6
Defiance Tgt 2X Shrt BMNRBMNZ6.660.8414.4347.995.18...
Region/CountryIndexCloseNet chgLatest % chgYTD % chg
WorldMSCI ACWI1153.16-1.54-0.1313.7
MSCI ACWI ex-USA486.530.5515.6
MSCI World4986.16-7.26-0.1512.5
MSCI Emerging Markets1722.14-0.66-0.0422.6
AmericasMSCI AC Americas2921.49-8.754-0.3012.6
CanadaS&P/TSX Comp36553.92-280.33-0.7615.3
Latin Amer.MSCI EM Latin America3030.68-25.85-0.8511.9
BrazilBovespa175664.62529.219.0
ChileS&P IPSA5763.57-12.74-0.226.3
MexicoS&P/BMV IPC65484.32-345.66-0.531.8
EMEASTOXX Europe 600655.163.3110.6
EurozoneEuro STOXX681.215.2011.3
BelgiumBel-205869.0830.4115.6
DenmarkOMX Copenhagen 201638.524.451.9
FranceCAC 408401.1881.313.1
GermanyDAX26569.99202.758.5
IsraelTel Aviv4172.26-21.42-0.5114.9
ItalyFTSE MIB52616.12351.0017.1
NetherlandsAEX1112.288.9016.9
NorwayOslo Bors All-Share2488.4211.6228.2
South AfricaFTSE/JSE All-Share118173.361367.122.0
SpainIBEX 3520041.90160.3015.8
SwedenOMX Stockholm1154.653.6510.4
SwitzerlandSwiss Market14399.7715.408.5
TurkeyBIST 10014641.5666.0530.0
U.K.FTSE 10010824.2631.729.0
U.K.FTSE 25024938.7939.9311.0
Asia-PacificMSCI AC Asia Pacific278.100.4222.2
AustraliaS&P/ASX 2009092.3054.114.3
ChinaShanghai Composite3952.18-4.39-0.11-0.4
Hong KongHang Seng25584.7919.05-0.2
IndiaBSE Sensex77264.51330.92-9.3
JapanNIKKEI 22566405.56273.5831.9
SingaporeStraits Times5699.9315.8122.7
South KoreaKOSPI6788.88-123.49-1.7961.1
TaiwanTAIEX46331.45356.2360.0
ThailandSET1588.22-12.48-0.7826.1

Sources: FactSet; Dow Jones Market Data

Commodities

Commodities
Friday52-WeekYTD % chg
CloseNet chg% ChgHighLow% Chg
DJ Commodity1439.251.140.081467.331061.2234.6427.29
FTSE/CC CRB Index406.361.190.29406.36291.6934.4036.01
Crude oil, $ per barrel83.40-0.13-0.16112.9555.2730.2945.25
Natural gas, $/MMBtu2.888-0.026-0.897.4602.523-3.64-21.65
Gold, $ per troy oz.4478.10-132.10-2.875318.403473.7028.913.53

Consumer Rates and Returns to Investor

U.S. consumer rates

A consumer rate against its benchmark over the past year

Interest rateYield/Rate (%)52-Week Range (%)3-yr chg(pct pts)
Last (●)Week agoLow02468
Federal-funds rate target3.50-3.753.50-3.753.504.50
Prime rate*6.756.756.757.50
SOFR3.643.633.504.51
Money market, annual yield0.440.440.410.45
Five-year CD, annual yield1.741.741.671.74
30-year mortgage, fixed†6.706.676.116.77
15-year mortgage, fixed†6.156.135.556.18
Jumbo mortgages, $832,750-plus†6.766.736.346.87
Five-year adj mortgage (ARM)†6.065.985.666.15
New-car loan, 48-month6.986.986.857.19
Bankrate.com avg $^1$ :6.06%
Florence Savings Bank5.13%
Florence, MA800-644-8261
San Diego County Credit Union5.25%
San Diego, CA877-732-2848
Hanscom Federal Credit Union5.38%
Hanscom AFB, MA800-656-4328
Schools First FCU5.38%
Santa Ana, CA714-258-4000
Somerset Savings Bank, SLA5.63%
Bound Brook, NJ732-560-1700

Percentage Losers
Bankrate.com rates based on survey of over 1,500 online banks. *Base rate posted by 70% of the nation's largest banks.† Excludes closing costs. Sources: FactSet; Dow Jones Market Data; Bankrate.com

CompanySymbolLatest Session52-Week
CloseNet chg% chgHighLow% chg
Wetour RoboticsWETO5.72-5.78-50.26251.002.70-97.4
BioAtlaBCAB1.74-1.41-44.7571.501.51-91.7
Propanc BiopharmaPPCB1.35-0.88-39.4685.500.95-98.3
Cre8 EnterpriseCRE3.91-1.99-33.7314.641.68-53.6
ProfusaPFSA2.93-1.31-30.904500.002.74-99.9
Antelope EnterpriseAEHL3.54-1.55-30.45808.392.98-98.9
Key TronicKTCC2.76-1.09-28.314.422.40-3.2
Singularity Future TechSGLY1.47-0.56-27.5920.301.33-90.4
Direxion Dly PYPL Bull 2XPYPU31.96-11.24-26.0144.6319.84...
Leverage 2X Lg PYPL DlyPYPG7.30-2.53-25.7420.914.41-57.9
Defiance Tgt 2X Lg IRENIRE7.32-2.49-25.38124.685.70...
Leverage 2X Lg IREN DlyIREG5.96-2.02-25.3141.604.57...
CellularityCELU1.58-0.52-24.764.000.56-59.0
Leverage 2x Lg CRML DlyCRMU2.26-0.65-22.3415.251.36...
Beyond AirXAIR4.48-1.22-21.4095.604.25-89.7

Most Active Stocks
* Common stocks priced at \$2 a share or more with an average volume over 65 trading days of at least 5,000 shares †Has traded fewer than 65 days

CompanySymbolVolume(000)% chg from65-day avgLatest Session52-Week
Close% chgHighLow
FingerMotionFNGR1,230,5063030.30.40129.532.200.15
Lucas GCLGCL296,4961011.20.04-27.0221.200.03
Core AI HoldingsCHAI293,9463253.00.4057.1115.680.23
CyabraCYAB212,11318144.10.4545.3614.910.25
NVIDIANVDA193,75536.3217.55-4.57236.54164.07

Forex Race
Treasury yield curve Yield to maturity of current bills, notes and bonds
Yen, euro vs. dollar; dollar vs. major U.S. trading partners

Track the Markets: Winners and Losers A look at how selected global stock indexes, bond ETFs, currencies and commodities performed around the world for the week.

IndexCurrency, vs. U.S. dollarCommodity, traded in U.S.*Exchange-traded fund
Wheat12.55%
Corn5.84
Nymex RBOB gasoline4.24
Soybeans4.18
Nymex natural gas2.74
Bovespa Index2.71
S&P 500 Information Tech1.80
DAX1.66
S&P 500 Communication Svcs1.56
Lean hogs1.27
Shanghai Composite1.20
S&P 500 Financials1.06
iSh 20+ Treasury1.01
Nasdaq Composite0.85
South Korean won0.68
WSJ Dollar Index0.60
NIKKEI 2250.59
Dow Jones Industrial Average0.53
S&P 5000.49
Nasdaq-1000.43
iShiBoxx$InvGrdCp0.41
IBEX 350.40
S&P/ASX 2000.37
Euro STOXX0.33
Indian rupee0.18
iShJPMUSEmgBd0.18
iShiBoxx$HYCp0.16
STOXX Europe 6000.15
VangdTotalBd0.11
FTSE 1000.07
S&P 500 Consumer Discr0.06
iSh 7-10 Treasury0.03
-0.08Chinese yuan
-0.10Australian dollar
-0.10FTSE MIB
-0.10VangdTotIntlBd
-0.11iShNatlMuniBd
-0.13iSh 1-3 Treasury
-0.18iSh TIPS Bond
-0.18S&P/TSX Comp
-0.20S&P 500 Utilities
-0.21Bloomberg Commodity Index
-0.36BSE Sensex
-0.37S&P/BMV IPC
-0.38Comex copper
-0.39S&P 500 Materials
-0.50S&P 500 Consumer Staples
-0.61Indonesian rupiah
-0.68Mexican peso
-0.71Japanese yen
-0.79U.K. pound
-0.81Norwegian krone
-0.81Euro area euro
-0.89Dow Jones Transportation Average
-0.96South African rand
-0.98CAC-40
-1.01Canadian dollar
-1.03Swiss franc
-1.22S&P SmallCap 600
-1.28S&P 500 Real Estate
-1.33S&P MidCap 400
-1.51Russell 2000
-1.63Hang Seng
-1.73S&P 500 Industrials
-1.79KOSPI Composite
-1.96S&P 500 Energy
-2.00S&P 500 Health Care
-3.07Nymex ULSD
-3.25Comex gold
-3.65Comex silver
-4.20Nymex crude

Sources: Tradeweb FTSE U.S. Treasury Close; Tullett Prebon; Dow Jones Market Data

Corporate Borrowing Rates and Yields

Bond total return indexCloseYield (%)52-WeekTotal Return (%)
LastWeek agoHighLow52-wk3-yr
U.S. Treasury Bloomberg2323.4404.6104.5504.6103.7501.1993.452
U.S. Treasury Long Bloomberg3133.6505.2005.2605.3004.520-0.0580.680
Aggregate, Bloomberg2243.8604.9904.9605.0004.1601.8614.363
Fixed-Rate MBS, Bloomberg2254.1405.2605.2505.3004.3803.0804.905
High Yield 100, ICE BofA4214.9986.1916.3147.1365.8284.0138.325
Muni Master, ICE BofA618.8823.6843.6453.6843.0373.8783.278
EMBI Global, J.P. Morgan1042.0276.6966.7387.0996.4037.1879.533

Sources: J.P. Morgan; Bloomberg Fixed Income Indices; ICE Data Services
Sources: FactSet (indexes, bond ETFs, commodities), Tullett Prebon (currencies). THE WALL STREET JOURNAL

Methodology

Performance reflects price change (except DAX, Bovespa, and Tel Aviv 35, which reflect total returns). Commodities are represented by the continuous front-month futures contract. Bond exchange-traded fund performance may diverge from that of their underlying index. Bond categories are represented by the following ETFs: U.S. Bonds Total Market: Vanguard Total Bond Market; 1-3 Yr U.S. Treasurys: iShares 1-3 Year Treasury; U.S. 7-10 Yr Treasurys: iShares 7-10 Year Treasury; 20+ Yr U.S. Treasurys: iShares 20+ Year Treasury; Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS): iShares TIPS; Investment Grade Corporate Bonds: iShares iBoxx \$ Investment Grade Corporate; High Yield Corporate Bonds: iShares iBoxx \$ High Yield Corporate; Municipal Bonds: iShares National Muni; International Bonds: Vanguard Total International; Emerging Market Bonds: iShares J.P. Morgan USD Emerging Markets.

Currencies

U.S.-dollar foreign-exchange rates at 5 p.m. ET

Country/currencyin US$Fri per US$US$ vs. YTD chg (%)
Americas
Argentina peso.00071512.71784.2
Brazil real.19255.1940-5.9
Canada dollar.71911.39061.3
Chile peso.001074931.013.4
Colombia peso.0003113211.02-14.8
Ecuador US dollar11unch
Mexico peso.058717.0350-5.4
Uruguay peso.0248340.27803.1
Australiadollar.71641.3959-6.8
China yuan.14876.7268-3.8
Hong Kong dollar.12767.84010.7
India rupee.0104795.4896.3
Indonesia rupiah.0000563177566.4
Japan yen.006247160.082.2
Kazakhstan tenge.002157463.54-8.6
Macau pataca.12388.07750.7
Malaysia ringgit.24844.0259-0.8
New Zealand dollar.59141.6909-2.7
Pakistan rupee.00360277.600-0.9
Philippines peso.016062.3715.9
Singapore dollar.78461.2746-0.9
South Korea won.00072631376.81-4.4
Sri Lanka rupee.0030486328.025.9
Taiwan dollar.0316031.6440.9
Thailand baht.0301833.1405.2
Country/currencyin US$Fri per US$YTD chg (%)
Vietnam dong.0000383526073-0.9
Europe
Czech Rep. koruna.0479920.8381.3
Denmark krone.15506.45321.5
Euro area euro1.1586.86311.4
Hungary forint.003173315.15-3.7
Iceland krona.008238121.39-3.1
Norway krone.10669.3767-7.0
Poland zloty.26683.74874.4
Sweden krona.10419.60524.3
Switzerland franc1.2352.80962.1
Turkey lira.020748.235812.3
Ukraine hryvnia.022444.65005.4
UK pound1.3538.7387-0.5
Middle East/Africa
Bahrain dinar2.6523.37700.02
Egypt pound.019950.25705.3
Israel shekel.33472.9881-6.2
Kuwait dinar3.2372.30890.3
Oman sul rial2.6007.3845-0.1
Qatar rial.27443.644-0.3
Saudi Arabia riyal.26643.75320.1
South Africa rand.061816.1709-2.4
CloseNet Chg% ChgYTD % Chg
WSJ Dollar Index95.900.360.38-0.02
Sources: Tullett Prebon, Dow Jones Market Data

Polymarket | A Dow Jones partner

Prediction Market: How many Fed rate cuts in 2026? This market will resolve according to the exact amount of cuts of 25 basis points in 2026 by the Federal Reserve.

MARKET DATA

Futures Contracts

Commercial paper (AA financial)
Treasury bill auction
Metal & Petroleum Futures

ContractOpen interest
OpenHighhi loLowSettleChg
Copper-High (CMX)-25,000 lbs.; $ per lb.
Sept6.59006.64456.53406.5620-0.0275
Dec6.69056.74606.62806.6590-0.0300
Gold (CMX)-100 troy oz; $ per troy oz.
Sept4599.304625.504451.804478.10-132.10
Oct4618.704650.804460.304494.70-133.10
Nov4636.304649.804487.504513.20-133.70
Dec4656.004688.004495.004529.90-134.10
Jan'274682.204682.204534.504549.50-134.20
Feb4692.304721.204531.704566.40-134.40
Palladium (NYM) - 50 troy oz; $ per troy oz.
Sept1353.001469.501348.501428.6089.90
Dec1369.501491.501361.501446.9091.20
Platinum (NYM)-50 troy oz; $ per troy oz.
Sept1853.001887.901853.001847.601.20
Oct1853.401910.701829.501854.300.50
Silver (CMX)-5,000 troy oz; $ per troy oz.
Sept69.35071.16066.23066.995-2.436
Dec70.04572.05066.83067.786-2.453
Crude Oil, Light Sweet (NYM)-1,000 bbls; $ per bbl.
Oct83.6783.7882.2583.40-0.13
Nov82.0182.1780.8081.83-0.14
Dec80.0880.1779.0280.00-0.11
Jan'2778.2378.3477.3178.29-0.04
June72.7973.1072.2373.070.08
Dec70.3370.5969.9270.560.08
NY Harbor ULSD (NYM)-42,000 gal; $ per gal.
Sept4.27694.36984.26294.3567.0780
Oct4.16464.25544.15094.2490.0737
Gasoline-NY RBOB (NYM)-42,000 gal; $ per gal.
Sept3.37733.51393.37283.4899.1057
Oct2.98683.07202.97163.0502.0598
Natural Gas (NYM)-10,000 MMBtu; $ per MMBtu.
Oct2.9062.9322.8362.888-.026
Nov3.0693.0863.0063.035-.036
Dec3.5703.5963.5103.525-.056
Jan'273.9733.9943.9213.937-.042
March2.9482.9602.9032.921-.028
April2.8042.8202.7712.786-.027
ContractChgOpen interest
OpenHigh hiloLowSettle
Dec531.50541.25▲530.75536.503.00959,316
Oats (CBT)-5,000 bu.; cents per bu.
Sept334.75351.50334.75348.7514.0091
Dec360.25377.00360.25374.7512.002,612
Soybeans (CBT)-5,000 bu.; cents per bu.
Sept1257.501278.25▲1257.501276.2519.755,399
Nov1270.001290.00▲1269.251288.0020.00473,099
Soybean Meal (CBT)-100 tons; $ per ton.
Sept328.50341.70▲327.40338.208.007,574
Dec339.60352.20▲337.80348.908.00295,915
Soybean Oil (CBT)-60,000 lbs.; cents per lb.
Sept68.8170.8968.7270.592.5910,789
Dec69.3971.2869.2071.062.55248,011
Rough Rice (CBT)-2,000 cwt; $ per cwt.
Sept14.8715.13▲14.8115.06.211,284
Nov15.3615.67▲15.3115.55.2111,281
Wheat (CBT)-5,000 bu.; cents per bu.
Sept739.50773.00▲737.50767.0024.256,113
Dec758.25790.25▲754.75784.0023.25268,773
Wheat (KC)-5,000 bu.; cents per bu.
Sept799.00832.50▲798.50827.7524.253,725
Dec821.25852.00▲816.25844.2522.25174,467
Cattle-Feeder (CME)-50,000 lbs.; cents per lb.
Sept322.875323.600320.025320.900-1.5509,062
Oct318.750319.250315.150316.525-1.55025,343
Cattle-Live (CME)-40,000 lbs.; cents per lb.
Aug221.000221.350218.850219.250-1.050430
Oct213.500214.000210.825211.725-1.200110,030
Hogs-Lean (CME)-40,000 lbs.; cents per lb.
Oct80.52581.97579.80081.9001.275130,518
Dec71.12572.37570.50072.3001.10072,140
Lumber (CME)-27,500 bd. ft., $ per 1,000 bd. ft.
Sept557.00567.50▼556.00567.508.002,073
Nov553.50557.00▼550.00556.003.007,785
Milk (CME)-200,000 lbs., cents per lb.
Aug16.6616.6816.6416.66-.014,690
Sept16.3516.54▼16.1716.41.086,254
Cocoa (ICE-US)-10 metric tons; $ per ton.
Sept6,5006,675▲6,4916,527372227
Dec6,2436,687▲6,2116,64847578,299
Coffee (ICE-US)-37,500 lbs.; cents per lb.
Sept347.95347.95347.95345.853.95124
Dec311.50317.00308.70312.853.2088,482
Sugar-World (ICE-US)-112,000 lbs.; cents per lb.
Oct18.2018.66▲17.4417.56-.63464,864

Agriculture Futures

Corn (CBT)-5,000 bu.; cents per bu.
Sept508.00517.50507.25512.001.75

Exchange-Traded Portfolios | wsj.com/market-data/mutualfunds-etfs

Largest 100 exchange-traded funds, latest session.

Friday, August 28, 2026
ETFSymbolClosing PriceChg (%)YTD (%)
AvantisUSSCValueAVUV125.57-0.3623.1
CapGrpDivValCGDV50.36-0.1815.4
DimenUSCoreEq2DFAC45.61-0.3515.2
FidTotalBdFBND44.77-0.35-2.8
InvscNasd100QQQM295.00-0.6516.6
InvscQQQIQQQ716.43-0.6516.6
InvscS&P500EWRSP220.69-0.3415.2
iShBitcoinIBIT43.90-3.07-11.6
iShBrdUSDHYCpBdUSHY36.87-0.19-1.4
iShCoreDivGrowthDGRO79.360.1014.3
iShCoreMSCIEAFEIEFA100.49-0.2812.3
iShCoreMSCIEMIEMG81.82-0.7321.7
iShMSCIntlDevIDEV92.89-0.3912.6
iShCoreMSCITotIntIXUS97.71-0.4715.4
iShCoreS&P500IVV773.00-0.2312.9
iShCoreS&P MCIJH75.76-1.1614.8
iShCoreS&P SCIJR145.58-0.8221.1
iShCoreS&P TotUSITOT168.47-0.3213.3
iShCoreS&PUSGrwIUSG191.23-0.5813.9
iShCoreS&PUSValIUSV114.890.1012.0
iShCoreUSAggBdAGG97.49-0.35-2.4
iShCoreUnivUSDbDIUSB45.49-0.28-2.3
iShEdgeMSCIUSAQualQUAL223.62-0.4412.6
iShGoldTrIAU83.82-3.233.3
iShiBoxxSIGCpBdLQD106.35-0.36-3.5
iShMBSMBB93.17-0.37-2.2
iShMSCIACWIACWI161.09-0.2713.9
iShMSCI EAFEEFA107.72-0.2812.2
iShMSCI EMEEM67.14-0.7022.7
iShMSCIEAFEValueEFV81.75-0.0214.5
iShNatlMuniBdMUB105.22-0.16-1.8
ETFSymbolClosing PriceChg (%)YTD (%)
SSSPDRS&P500SPYM90.57-0.2012.9
SSSPDRS&P500GSPYG121.25-0.4813.6
SSSPDRS&P500VSPYV63.550.1111.9
SSIMSPDRS&P500SPY769.35-0.2312.8
SSTechSelXLK185.69-1.5529.0
VanEckSemiconSMH553.11-3.4753.6
VangdDivAppVIG243.07-0.0710.6
VangdExtMktVXF242.39-1.3315.9
VangdFTSEAWxUSVEU85.43-0.4416.1
VangdFTSEDevMkVEA73.06-0.4917.0
VangdFTSE EMVWO60.79-0.3613.1
VangdFTSE EuropeVGK91.98-0.3310.0
VangdHiDivVYM164.25-0.1014.4
VangdInfoTechVGT120.07-1.5127.4
VangdIntermBdBIV75.41-0.40-3.2
VangdIntrCorpBdVCIT81.15-0.36-3.1
VangdIntermTreaVGIT58.24-0.38-2.8
VangdMstarGrwVUG88.54-0.408.9
VangdMstarLCVV354.50-0.2312.6
VangdMstarMegaGrMGK90.12-0.409.2
VangdMstarMCVO82.50-0.7113.7
VangdMstarSCVB300.75-1.1616.6
VangdMstarSCValVBR246.81-0.6216.5
VangdMstarTotVTI379.36-0.3313.2
VangdMstarValDTV225.29-0.0718.0
VangdRealEstVNQ97.24-0.429.9
VangdRuss1000GrwVONG126.38-0.973.8
VangdS&P500ETFVOO707.24-0.2112.8
VangdST BondBSV77.49-0.22-1.7
VangdSTCpBdVCSH78.51-0.26-1.5
VangdShortTreaVGSH58.05-0.18-1.2
VangdTaxExemptBdVTEB49.40-0.16-1.8
VangdTotalBdBND72.31-0.32-2.4
VangdTotIntlBdBNDX47.60-0.21-1.5
VangdTotIntlStkVXUS87.52-0.4716.0
VangdTotWrldStkVT161.01-0.3514.1
ETFSymbolClosing PriceChg (%)YTD (%)
iShRussMCIWR112.28-0.9116.6
iShRuss1000IWB421.25-0.2912.8
iShRuss1000GrwIWF122.75-0.923.7
iShRuss1000ValIWD258.330.2922.8
iShRuss2000IWM295.75-1.3520.1
iShS&P500GrwIVW140.02-0.5713.6
iShS&P500ValueIVE237.290.1011.9
iShSemiconductorSOXX508.62-3.2068.9
iSh7-10YTreaBdIEF92.85-0.41-3.4
iShSilverSLV60.02-4.38-6.8
iSh20+YtreaBdTLT82.88-0.30-4.9
iShUSEqFactRotatDYNF69.59-0.1914.4
iShUSTreasuryBdGOVT22.46-0.31-2.5
iSh0-3MTreaBdSGOV100.690.030.3
JPMNasdEqPremJEPQ60.15-0.273.5
JanusAAACLOJAAA50.70...0.2
JPMEqPremiumlncmeJEPI57.79-0.101.0
JPM UltShlncmJPST50.54-0.02-0.1
ProShUltPrQQQTQQQ71.85-1.9836.3
SPDRGoldMiniGLDM88.20-3.263.3
SPDR GoldGLD408.89-3.243.2
SchwabIntEquitySCHF28.30-0.4217.7
SchwabUS BrdMktSCHB29.70-0.3713.2
SchwabUS DivSCHD34.900.2027.2
SchwabUS LCSCHX30.34-0.2312.7
SchwabUS LC GrwSCHG35.78-0.229.7
SSEnergySelXLE62.680.6340.2
SSFinlSelXLF58.100.386.1
SSHlthCrSelXLV171.16-0.2410.6
SSIndlSelXLI177.14-0.9314.2
SSSPDRBbg1-3MBIL91.650.020.3
SS SPDR DJIADIA535.06-0.0311.3
SSSPDRDevxUSSPDW51.83-0.4016.7

Borrowing Benchmarks | wsj.com/market-data/bonds/benchmarks

Money Rates

August 28, 2026

Key annual interest rates paid to borrow or lend money in U.S. and international markets. Rates below are a guide to general levels but don't always represent actual transactions.

Inflation
July index levelChg From (%) June '26 July '25

U.S. consumer price index

U.S. consumer price index
All items333.918-0.013.4
Core337.1330.072.5
LatestWeek ago—52-WEEK—
HighLow
Britain3.753.754.003.75
Australia4.354.354.353.60

International rates

LatestWeek ago-52-WEEK-HighLow
13 weeks3.7153.7154.1003.540
26 weeks3.7903.7803.9453.475
Overnight repurchase
U.S.3.693.674.453.49
LatestWeek ago-52-Week-HighLow
Prime rates
U.S.6.756.757.506.75
Canada4.454.454.954.45
Japan2.3752.3752.3751.875
Policy Rates
Euro zone2.402.402.402.15
Switzerland0.250.250.500.25

Other short-term rates

U.S. government rates
Discount
3.753.754.50
Federal funds
Effective rate3.64003.64004.33003.6300
High3.70003.70004.55003.7000
Low3.55003.55004.32003.5500
Bid3.63003.63004.32003.6100
Offer3.64003.64004.33003.6300
LatestWeekago-52-Week-highLow
Call money
5.505.506.255.50
4 weeks3.6503.6404.2453.550
Secured Overnight Financing Rate
3.643.634.51
LatestValue Traded-52-Week -High Low

DTCC GCF Repo Index
U.S. prime rate is the base rate on corporate loans posted by at least 70% of the 10 largest U.S. banks, and is effective December 11, 2025. Other prime rates aren't directly comparable; lending practices vary widely by location; Discount rate is effective December 11, 2025. Secured Overnight Financing Rate is as of August 27, 2026. DTCC GCF Repo Index is Depository Trust & Clearing Corp.'s weighted average for overnight trades in applicable CUSIPs. Value traded is in billions of U.S. dollars. Federal-funds rates are Tullett Prebon rates as of 3:30 p.m. ET.

Treasury3.68753.4004.4923.504
MBS3.69379.1284.6233.517

Weekly survey
Sources: Federal Reserve; Bureau of Labor Statistics; DTCC; FactSet; Tullett Prebon Information, Ltd.

LatestWeek agoYear ago
Freddie Mac
30-year fixed6.666.656.56
15-year fixed5.985.955.69

Dividend Changes

CompanySymbolYld %Amount New/OldFrqPayable/ Record
Increased
Altria GroupMO6.2111/1.06QOct09/Sep15
EastGroup PropertiesEGP3.11.75/1.55QOct15/Sep30
Lam ResearchLRCX0.3.33/.26QOct14/Sep23
NordsonNDSN1.2.94/.82QOct02/Sep10
STRATS Allstate 2006-3GJT5.3.098/.09642MSep01/Aug31
TFS FinancialTFSL6.4.3175/.2825QSep23/Sep09
Stocks
Artelo BiosciencesARTL1:9/Aug31
CalciMedicaCALC1:5/Aug31
Change AgentsCHGA1:20/Aug31
Founder GroupFGL1:100/Sep01
GlucoTrackGCTK1:15/Aug31
Nexalin TechnologyNXL1:30/Aug31
OhmyhomeOMH1:50/Aug31
Valion BioVBIO1:25/Aug31
CompanySymbolYld %Amount New/OldFrqPayable/ Record
Foreign
Cdn Imperial Bk Of CommCM2.2.77198QOct28/Sep28
Clinuvel Pharm ADRCUVL0.4.03295ASep28/Sep08
Gold Fields ADRGFI2.61.01443SASep24/Sep11
Nordic American TankersNAT11.7.27QSep24/Sep10
Royal Bank of CanadaRY2.01.26979QNov24/Oct26
Sociedad Quimica ADRSQM0.81.43501Sep21/Sep08
Toronto-Dominion BankTD2.6.80805QOct31/Oct09
Willis Towers WatsonWTW1.1.96QOct15/Sep30
Special
Capital SouthwestCSWC9.1.96Dec31/Dec15

KEY: A: annual; M: monthly; Q: quarterly; r: revised; SA: semiannual; S2:1: stock split and ratio; SO: spin-off.

ContractOpen interest
OpenHigh hiloLowSettleChg
March'2719.1719.62▲18.4718.58-.61401,234
Sugar-Domestic (ICE-US)-112,000 lbs.; cents per lb.
Nov39.0039.0039.0039.00-.65599
March'2739.3539.3539.3539.35-.651,481
Cotton (ICE-US)-50,000 lbs.; cents per lb.
Oct91.3191.38▲89.8189.92-1.14167
Dec92.1892.75▲91.0591.38-1.03199,730
Orange Juice (ICE-US)-15,000 lbs.; cents per lb.
Sept134.00134.00▼127.35132.95-4.40237
Nov146.15152.80141.50145.00-2.608,267

Interest Rate Futures

ContractOpen interest
OpenHigh hiloLowSettleChg
Dec.7255.7260.7225.7227-.002522,115
British Pound (CME)-£62,500; $ per £
Sept1.35941.36001.35261.3530-.0058292,519
Dec1.35931.35941.35291.3532-.005620,820
Swiss Franc (CME)-CHF 125,000; $ per CHF
Sept1.24581.24821.23671.2372-.0084104,906
Dec1.25861.26091.24951.2500-.008210,034
Australian Dollar (CME)-AUD 100,000; $ per AUD
Sept.7194.7208.7154.7157-.0037332,198
Dec.7183.7191.7143.7146-.003536,463
Mexican Peso (CME)-MXN 500,000; $ per MXN
Sept.05887.05895.05852.05860-.00028292,884
Dec.05846.05851.05818.05817-.000286,608
Euro (CME)-€125,000; $ per €
Sept1.16621.16721.15851.1588-.0069764,930
Dec1.16991.17111.16261.1629-.006771,952
Ultra Treasury Bonds (CBT) - $100,000; pts 32nds of 100%
Sept111-130112-020110-310111-050-10.059,375
Dec110-300111-220110-180110-240-10.02,376,074
Treasury Bonds (CBT) - $100,000; pts 32nds of 100%
Sept109-290110-120109-170109-220-9.050,706
Dec109-120109-280109-010109-070-8.01,757,809
Treasury Notes (CBT) - $100,000; pts 32nds of 100%
Sept108-175108-235108-015108-035-15.0186,705
Dec108-095108-155107-260107-280-14.55,164,435
5 Yr. Treasury Notes (CBT) - $100,000; pts 32nds of 100%
Sept106-095106-130105-285105-295-12.7266,277
Dec106-057106-095105-245105-257-12.56,149,409
2 Yr. Treasury Notes (CBT) - $200,000; pts 32nds of 100%
Sept102-310103-005102-236102-245-6.7135,100
Dec102-266102-284102-192102-199-7.04,168,614
30 Day Federal Funds (CBT) - $5,000,000; 100 - daily avg.
Aug96.370096.370096.367596.3700...800,716
Oct96.275096.280096.205096.2200-.0550578,593
Three-Month SOFR (CME) - $1,000,000; 100 - daily avg.
June96.355096.357596.352596.3525...1,326,680
Dec96.030096.040095.895095.9100-.12001,739,871

Currency Futures

Index Futures
Mini DJ Industrial Average (CBT)-$5 x index
Sept53608538625351353584-37 87,377
Dec53996542635392553997-34 657
Mini S&P 500 (CME)-$50 x index
Sept7733.757782.507711.757722.00-20.50 1,995,654
Dec7796.257850.757780.007790.00-19.75 48,641
Mini S&P Midcap 400 (CME)-$100 x index
Sept3833.503842.403783.003785.50-45.70 39,181
Dec3867.703867.703866.803813.80-45.90 9
Mini Nasdaq 100 (CME)-$20 x index
Sept29635.5029811.5029436.2529491.75-204.00 299,243
Dec29926.7530109.0029736.7529787.75-202.00 4,464
Mini Russell 2000 (CME)-$50 x index
Sept3019.603025.502976.602977.50-41.50 412,123
Dec3046.303046.302999.302999.70-41.20 776
Mini Russell 1000 (CME)-$50 x index
Sept4226.304226.304205.104207.60-14.30 5,696
U.S. Dollar Index (ICE-US)-$1,000 x index
Sept99.0799.6899.0299.66.57 46,817
Dec98.8299.4098.8299.40.56 1,779
Currency Futures
Japanese Yen (CME)-¥12,500,000; $ per 100¥
Sept.6283.6285.6249.6252-.0029356,276
Dec.6325.6329.6294.6297-.002735,875
Canadian Dollar (CME)-CAD 100,000; $ per CAD
Sept.7225.7230.7194.7196-.0026309,221

Source: FactSet

Bonds | wsj.com/market-data/bonds/benchmarks

Global Government Bonds: Mapping Yields

Yields and spreads over or under U.S. Treasurys on benchmark two-year and 10-year government bonds in selected other countries; arrows indicate whether the yield rose(▲) or fell (▼) in the latest session

Coupon (%)Country/ Maturity, in yearsLatest(●)0123456PreviousMonth agoYear agoSpread Under/Over U.S. Treasurys, in basis points
LatestPrevYear ago
4.125U.S. 24.348▲4.2304.2753.634
4.625104.721▲4.6714.6044.206
2.250Australia 24.698▼4.7084.5943.33334.047.0
4.250105.090▲5.0814.9754.29836.440.7
2.400France 23.091▲3.0432.9362.202-126.6-119.5
3.700104.117▲4.1073.8913.484-60.9-56.7
2.700Germany 22.905▲2.8612.7551.936-145.3-137.7
3.000103.296▲3.2683.1372.698-143.0-140.6
2.650Italy 23.115▲3.0482.9482.207-124.6-119.0
3.800104.096▲4.0733.9143.547-63.0-60.2
1.500Japan 21.703▲1.6931.4940.856-265.5-254.5
2.700102.928▲2.8952.7811.619-179.8-177.9
2.400Spain 22.952▲2.8872.8102.045-140.6-135.1
3.400103.712▲3.6913.5813.245-101-98.3
4.375U.K. 24.409▲4.3424.3323.9565.110.4
1.125105.070▲5.0224.9464.70234.434.7

Source: Tullett Prebon, Tradeweb FTSE U.S. Treasury Close

Corporate Debt

Prices of firms' bonds reflect factors including investors' economic, sectoral and company-specific expectations

Investment-grade spreads that tightened the most...

IssuerSymbolCoupon (%)Yield (%)MaturitySpread*, in basis points
CurrentOne-day changeLast week
Kinder Morgan Energy PartnersKMI6.5005.69Feb. 1, '3796-8n.a.
Metropolitan Life Global FundingMET4.7504.86Aug. 24, '2946-455
AbbVie*ABBV4.4005.80Nov. 6, '4259-363
Mercedes-Benz Finance North America...4.8754.98Aug. 3, '2960-365
Anheuser-Busch Inbev WorldwideABIBB4.9505.75Jan. 15, '4255-257
American Honda Finance...4.8004.93July 6, '2953-259
International Business MachinesIBM4.1505.98May 15, '39126-2131
Kraft Heinz FoodsKHC6.8756.04Jan. 26, '39132-2135

...And spreads that widened the most

Burlington Northern Santa FeBNSF6.1505.37May 1, '3764668
SCE Recovery FundingEIX6.0365.94Dec. 15, '52722n.a.
Siemens Financieringsmaatschappij*...2.8755.63March 11, '4191294
Bank of Nova Scotia*BNS2.4505.13Feb. 2, '3265163
Caterpillar Financial Services...4.6504.73Aug. 14, '2934135
Howmet AerospaceHWM5.9505.45Feb. 1, '3773169
Morgan StanleyMS4.3756.03Jan. 22, '4782185

High-yield issues with the biggest price increases...

IssuerSymbolCoupon (%)Yield (%)MaturityBond Price as % of face value
CurrentOne-day changeLast week
Cleveland-CliffsCLF6.2508.48Oct. 1, '4081.8750.56n.a.
Bath & Body Works*BBWI6.7506.78July 1, '3699.7470.1299.132
Paramount Global...4.3758.45March 15, '4364.0600.0663.014

...And with the biggest price decreases

Paramount Global...7.8756.39July 30, '30105.069-0.63105.294
Teva Pharmaceutical FinanceTEVA6.1505.77Feb. 1, '36102.763-0.56103.075
Time Warner Cable...6.7507.32June 15, '3995.336-0.3694.792
ADT SecurityADT4.8756.01July 15, '3294.430-0.1794.595
AAdvantage Loyalty...5.7505.75April 20, '29100.000-0.0399.894
Transocean InternationalRIG7.5006.78April 15, '31102.800-0.02102.615

$^{a}$ Estimated spread over 2-year, 3-year, 5-year, 10-year or 30-year hot-run Treasury; 100 basis points=one percentage pt.; change in spread shown is for Z-spread. Note: Data are for the most active issue of bonds with maturities of two years or more

Source: MarketAxess

New Highs and Lows

The following explanations apply to the New York Stock Exchange, NYSE Arca, NYSE American and Nasdaq Stock Market stocks that hit a new 52-week intraday high or low in the latest session. % CHG-Daily percentage change from the previous trading session.

Friday, August 28, 2026

StockSym52-Wk Hi/Lo% ChgFridy, August 28, 2023
StockSym52-Wk Hi/Lo% ChgStockSym52-Wk Hi/Lo% Chg
Highs
C&F FinCFFI94.311.3HF SinclairDINO100.132.8
AGNCInvPfdGAGNCL25.500.3CBLInternationalBANL16.4021.1HighviewMergerHVMIC10.26
CMBTECHCMBT18.850.4HonestHNST5.96-1.6
AcacusGlblNtsABXL26.480.2EVR EnergyCVI42.205.0HotchkisGlbValHWGV25.140.5
AcadianAssetAAMI98.52-1.6CapitalSouthwestCSWC25.740.3IDTIDT69.900.2
AcmeUnitedACU64.120.6CenterraGoldCGAU24.52-3.3InvescoIVZ33.66-1.4
AdamasPfdEADAMM25.68..ChimeFinlCHYM34.16-0.5InnospecIOSP96.68..
AeonAcqnlAESPU10.230.3CollectiveAcqnIICAIU10.100.5InsightEntNSIT158.57-0.4
AldeFinll AALDF10.790.1DelekUSDK73.392.8InvestorsTitleITIC309.55-1.5
AlgonquinNt2079AQNIB26.34..DeutscheBankDB40.690.7IonicDigitalIOND74.30-1.0
AmplitudeAMPL14.760.1DivsHlthcrNts42DHCNJ18.70-0.3JFrogFROG105.76-5.1
AndersenANDG57.13-1.5DropboxDBX36.37-0.5HancockDivlncmHEQ12.00-1.0
AnnalyCapPfdGNLYpG25.62-0.1DynamixIIIDNMX10.080.1KarmenLineUnXTERU10.000.4
AnnalyCapPfdJNLYpJ26.870.3DynatraceDT54.610.4KaroooooKARO68.800.2
ApertureACAPUR10.010.1ElasticESTC108.0019.3KearnyFinancialKRNY10.07-1.9
ApogeeAcqnAACPU10.724.3EllingtonFinlPfdBEFCpB25.130.2KochavDefenseKCHV10.45..
AtlassianTEAM194.962.6EmmisAcqnEMIS10.25..KornFerryKFY87.511.9
AtriCureATRC49.98-1.5EvolutionGlbAEVOX10.11..MEVOGlbIAcqnIIMEVO10.020.1
ExpeditorsIntlEXPD192.280.1ManpowerMAN63.880.3
BRC Nts 2026RILYN25.150.3Five9FIVN35.17-1.5MarathonPetrolMPC369.121.5
BRC Nts 2028RILYZ20.602.2ForesterResFORR12.631.4MercatorAcqnWtMKOW0.403.0
BiofronteraBFRI1.616.7FreenomeFRNM15.096.1Meridian3IndsAcqWMIACW1.02240.1
BitMnInelPfdABMNP96.99..FreshworksFRSH13.991.2MesaLabsMLAB129.660.3
BlackSpadellIBIII10.24..FrontlineFRO45.291.0MeshflowAcqnMESH10.08..
BlossomHillBLSM20.61-1.2FunkoFNKO7.355.3MillerIndustriesMLR58.11-1.9
BoxBOX36.160.7GRAVITYGRVY75.502.9NiQGlbIntelNIQ19.690.7
BurtechAcqnIIBRKHU10.68-3.6GalaxyEdgeAcqnGLED10.060.2NSTS BancorpNSTS14.05-0.2
BurtechAcqnIIBRKH11.040.2GenDigitalGEN31.291.7NatHlthcrPfdANHPAP25.240.1
StockSym52-Wk Hi/Lo% Chg
NewPacificMetalsNEWP7.55-4.9
NewbridgeAcqnNBRG10.060.2
NomuraNMR10.361.8
NorthStriveUnNSAUI10.28...
OkeanisEcoTankersECO67.810.8
Oppenheimer AOPY123.73-0.8
OriginInvItiORIQ10.390.4
OrionEnergySysOESX27.37-0.5
OspreyAcqnCorillWtOSPRW0.5036.5
PasgalPSQL20.1095.2
PaycomSoftwarePAYC242.500.6
PelicanAcqnIIAPLCI10.440.2
PhenixfinNts2028PFXNZ24.970.4
RCM TechRCMT42.382.1
Reading BRDIB24.0018.9
Reading ARDI2.13-4.3
RedVioletRDVT74.831.8
RenovoRxRNXT1.6812.8
RevityRVTY130.07-0.7
RiminiStreetRMNI5.665.2
RingCentralRNG70.431.2
RiverCityBankRCBC50.982.1
SB FinancialSBFG28.47-0.8
SEI InvestmentsSEIC112.150.3
ScienceApplicatSAIC130.98-2.3
SenecaFoods ASENEA201.934.0
SharkNinjaSN194.54-0.8
ShinhanFinSHG80.061.5
SorenAcqnSORNU10.44-0.2
SPACSphereAcqnSSAC10.100.2
StablecoinXWtUSDEW1.95-14.0
StandardNuclearSTDN15.43-1.5
SunCokeEnergySXC10.40-1.2
TJGCTJGC10.1924.7
TOPFinancialTOP17.428.5
TXO PartnersTXO14.89-1.0
StockSym52-WkHi/Lo%Chg
TeamTISI25.333.3
TrekorMetalsTGB9.82-5.2
TrinityCapitalTRIN18.90-0.7
trivagoTRVG6.106.8
VictoryCapitalVCTR123.55-2.3
VirtuFinancialVIRT68.76-1.0
WesternAlliancePfdWALpA25.10...
WisdomTreeWT25.89-2.4
ZetaGlobalZETA30.841.1
Lows
AllInfrAcqnRtAllAr0.16-5.4
AMTD IDEAAMTD0.71-4.0
ARCGroupAcqnWrARCLW0.05-10.0
ATSATS18.88-1.0
AXIS CapPfdEAXSpE18.37-0.7
AffiliatedNtsc4MGRE22.15-0.3
AIRWAAYAI0.86-6.3
AHRS HealthAHG0.95-12.6
AlaunosTherapTCRT1.55-3.3
AlgorhythmRIME0.22-5.2
AlphaModusAAMOD2.45-12.0
AlphaModusWtAMODW0.02-14.7
AntelopeEnterpriseAEHL2.98-30.5
ApogeeAcqnRtAACPR0.14-7.9
AppliedAerospaceAADX13.21-7.8
AptivAPTV44.880.7
BairdMedInvtWtBDMDW0.04-2.3
BanzaintlPARA1.08-8.4
BaoshengMediaBAOS0.33-18.8
BeneficentBENF2.104.9
BeyondAirXAIR4.25-21.4
BigBear.aiWtBBALWS0.07-35.0
bioAffinityTechBIAF4.87-3.8
BioAtlaBCAB1.51-44.7
BiodexaPharmBDRX0.83-3.5
StockSym52-WkHi/Lo%Chg
BioXcelTherapBTAI0.16-74.8
BirchtechBCHT1.19-4.0
BitOriginBTOG2.98-12.7
BlackHawkAcqnRtBKHAR0.70-42.6
BlackTitanBTTC0.42-6.7
BlackstoneMtgBXMT13.61-0.6
BoneBiologicsBBLG0.58...
BridgerAerospaceBAER1.09-4.3
BrightSpireBRSP4.75-0.6
BrookfieldBusBBUC27.640.2
CDT EquityCDT1.62-10.1
C3lsCISS1.71-15.0
CalciMedicaCALC0.44-1.2
CapitalOnePfdICOFpI17.51-0.7
CapitalOnePfdJCOFpJ16.750.3
CapitalOnePfdKCOFPk16.18...
CapitalOnePfdLCOFPL15.27-0.4
CedarRealtyPfCCDRpC15.47-0.6
CenterspaceCSR52.43-0.1
ChampionsGateRtCHPGR0.10-9.2
SchwabPfdDSCHWpd23.35-0.7
ChinaSXTPharmSXTC3.00-13.3
CirrusLogicCRUS108.12-2.2
ClarosMtgCMTG1.62-1.8
ClinuvelPharmCUVL6.12-9.0
CollegiumPharmCOLL25.16-4.1
CollplantCLGN0.2623.6
ConexeuSciencesCNXU6.730.4
ContextTherapCNTX0.38-7.8
CoreAICHAI0.2357.1
CorebridgeFinNtsCRBD21.66-0.8
CsquareCSQR19.13-4.0
DDC EnterpriseDDC0.37-23.4
DareBioscienceDARE0.72-0.5
DataMedsAIMEDS0.96-17.9
DeepFissionFISN6.42-5.3
DigitalBrandsDBGi6.29-6.8
StockSym52-Wk Hi/Lo% Chg
DouYulntlDOYU4.180.5
DragonflyEnergyDFLI1.08-2.6
DukeEnergyUnDUKU49.60-0.3
DukeEnergyPfdADUKpA23.89-0.7
DyadicintDYAI0.60-3.9
ESABESAB75.83-3.2
EHangEH4.42-3.2
ElongPowerELPW3.44-7.6
EmpireStateReal250FISK4.46-4.5
EmpireStateRealtyESRT4.59-1.1
EnlivexENLV1.35-8.5
EstrellalmmunoESLA0.63-2.3
EVgoEVGO1.37-3.8
FaradayFutureFFAI2.16-5.2
FervoEnergyFRVO14.75-7.5
FinVolutionFINV3.36-15.4
FirstBreachFBDT0.65-27.8
FusemachinesFUSE0.68-8.5
FusionFuelGreenHTOO1.805.2
FutureFinTechFTFT0.55-4.6
GBankFinlGBFH19.40-1.1
GenerationInWtGIPRW0.01-54.3
GreenTreeGHG1.05-0.9
GyrodyneGYRO5.18-0.2
HuhutechHUHU4.16-3.7
HeartbeamBEAT0.46-3.9
HyperscaleDataGPUS0.28-7.6
INNIOINIO20.67-7.6
iPowerIPW1.803.2
JATTIIAcqnJTTT10.83-1.3
JianzhiEducJZ1.17-14.5
JiayinJFIN1.95-3.2
JupiterNeurosciJUNS4.10-14.5
KALA BIOKALA0.59-15.0
KWaveMediaKWM1.39-12.0
KaileraTherapKLRA16.19-12.5
StockSym52-Wk Hi/Lo% Chg
KaixinKXIN0.54-4.7
KandiTechKNDI0.56-3.4
KestrelGr6.625-46MHLA10.236.0
Leslie'sLESL0.52-0.4
LexinFintechLX1.102.2
LiminatusPharmaLIMN4.23-3.9
LoopIndustriesLOOP0.51-6.2
LucasGCLGCL0.03-27.0
LumentFinPfdALFTpA16.00-0.6
MinisoGroupMNSO10.01-4.4
MasonryloryMSGY1.82-4.5
MediWoundMDWD12.52-4.4
MercerIntlMERC0.35-1.1
MesaRoyaltyMTR2.22-2.6
MidAmerAptPfdIMAApI50.97-4.7
MintMIMI0.91-25.6
MoneyHeroWtMNWWV0.0312.8
MorganStanleyPfdQMSpQ24.84-0.6
NFTMT2.45-13.7
NRG EnergyNRG110.65-2.9
NewGenlvfNIVF0.40-9.9
NexeraTechNEXR1.92-8.1
NextEraEnUnNEEpV44.88-1.7
NovonixNVX3.14-2.8
NuwellisNUWE0.87-10.1
OhmyhomeOMH0.06-7.8
OlenoxIndsOLOX1.09-18.7
OlinOLN17.01-0.8
OnconetixONCO0.61-3.1
One&OneGreenYDDL1.61-2.9
OpendoorWtAOPENL0.10-4.1
PPL UnPPLC45.90-0.5
ProfusaPFSA2.74-30.9
PurpleInnovationPRPL4.25-4.7
QfinQFIN8.72-4.0
ReconTechRCON1.54-8.6
StockSym52-Wk Hi/Lo% Chg
RekorSystemsREKR0.54-4.5
RocketPharmWtRCKTW0.00-30.0
SHFSHFS0.16...
SU GroupSUGP0.78-10.3
ScageFutureWtSCAGW0.01-59.0
SkyeBioscienceSKYE1.76-9.0
SolidPowerWtSLDPW0.02-24.4
SolowinAXG2.21-0.9
SouthernUnSOMN47.67-0.6
StarrySeaRtSSEAR0.15-3.2
StateStreetPfdGSTtPg20.64-0.3
StranWtSWAGW0.00-25.8
SunScoutASNSC1.25-10.0
TJXTJX133.550.7
TMChteMtlsWtTMCKWW0.01-33.3
TalenEnergyTLN294.75-2.8
TeadsTEAD0.421.2
ThryvTHRY1.86...
TokyoLifestyleTKLF1.60-4.2
TopWealthTWG0.46-12.5
ToppointTOPP0.17-4.2
TransCodeTherapRNAZ2.09-4.4
TruGolfTRUG0.45-22.9
TruistFinlPfdOTFCPo19.29-0.2
UniTechInstUTI20.85-1.4
VCIGlobalVCIG2.18-16.2
VeraxaBiotechVRXA1.32-6.2
VertoneVERI0.78-2.6
VerticalAerospaceEVTL0.67-7.6
VisionWaveWtVWAVW0.07-9.9
VistanceNtwksVISN6.00-8.6
VivosTherapVVOS0.22-13.0
WellChangeWCT0.3845.5
WheelerREITWHLR0.94-4.5
XCHGXCH3.70-6.7
ZeoEnergyZEO0.28-11.7
ZetaNetworkZNB1.61-8.0

GHI

BIGGEST 1,000 STOCKS

How to Read the Stock Tables

The following explanations apply to NYSE, NYSE Arca, NYSE American and Nasdaq Stock Market listed securities. Prices are consolidated from trades reported by various market centers, including securities exchanges, Finra, electronic communications networks and other broker-dealers. The list comprises the 1,000 largest companies based on market capitalization.

Underlined quotations are those stocks with large changes in volume compared with the issue's average trading volume.

Boldfaced quotations highlight those issues whose price changed by 5% or more if their previous closing price was \$2 or higher.

Footnotes: 1-New 52-week high; 1-New 52-week low; dd-Indicates loss in the most recent four quarters. Stock tables reflect composite regular trading as of 4 p.m. ET and changes in the official closing prices from 4 p.m. ET the previous day.

Net YTD Chr. %/Dot
Net YTD Chg %Ret
Friday, August 28, 2026

YTD% Chg52-WeekHiLoStockSymYld%PELastNetChg
A B C
2.7217.6512.33AESAES4.8614.73-0.02
5.67130.22104.66BacAFL2.112116.52-0.00
1.6812.199.62AGNC InvtAGNC13.2610.90-0.04
73.9245.6621.57APAAPA2.4492.540.16
134.6645.529.86ASE TechASX0.84437.78-1.12
58.54199.96716.20ASMLASML0.5531696.16-38.85
-20.07133.8636.08AST SpaceASTS...dd58.05-3.39
4.7129.7919.09AT&TT4.3226.010.58
83.4555.7740.56AT&TATI6.21253.78-3.21
-10.23137.4981.97AbbottLabsABT3.236112.470.88
11.81267.47190.75AbbVieABBV2.72275.58-2.67
-15.95148.8369.81AbivaxABVX...dd113.35-0.95
-29.33291.09118.15AccentureACN3.415189.612.23
-6.91380.17276.04AcuityAYI0.222335.16-6.60
-16.04157.04128.03AcuityACU...dd201.202.27
-5.41179.31128.03AdvDrainageSysWMS0.624136.99-1.82
30.31397.44144.09AdvEnergyIndsAEIS0.151272.82-14.27
117.40584.73149.22AdvMicroDevicesAMD...119465.58-11.09
19.209.616.75AegonAEG4.2129.140.09
2.59158.81118.93AerCapAER1.07147.49-0.48
28.40129.92220.73AffiliatedMgrsAMG0.037150.78-0.73
4.4710642.09AIFMAFM...1472.760.27
13.06163.75108.35AgilentTechsA0.730153.84-3.85
21.66255.24134.38AgnicoEagleMinesAEM0.918206.25-9.19
24.72314.87229.11AirProductsAPD2.3dd308.092.62
39.57193.45110.81AirbnbABNB...43189.435.03
23.17165.4576.02AkamaiTechAKAM...107107.74-3.71
-4.0127.0127.00AlstomGoldALG0.41317.75-1.13
-2.8822171.25AlbemarleALB1.2dd137.361.59
-5.3184.3830.21AlcoaAA0.81050.32-0.87
-8.6387.6461.84AlconALC0.55572.01-0.22
-18.88192.6791.99AlibabaABBA0.928118.902.59
0.92200.44122AlignTechALGN...27157.58-1.26
-1.8613.657.61AllstateALL1.415157.49-2.82
4.6578.8163.28AlliantEnergyLNT3.12268.03-0.18
29.03137.6276.01AllisonTransmALSN0.920126.32-2.84
25.19277.22188.08AllstateALL1.75260.582.96
-6.8747.2935.92AllyFinancialALLY1.82042.18-0.56
-40.37495.55197.81AlnylamPharmALNY...40237.100.54
10.76106.3474.21Alphabet AGOO0.347104.595.90
9.27404.47206.96AlphaCGOOG0.317342.885.17
19.0677.0654.70AltiaMO6.21466.850.98
15.43287.20196Amazon.comAMZN...21266.4310.17
15.793.452.10AmbevABEV6.8152.86-0.02
11.9250.9436.25AmcorAMCR5.62046.670.15
-16.0426.7628.81AmerSportsASR...2824.090.63
6.27118.5796.57AmerenAEE2.819106.12-0.67
12.1428.4619.38AmericaMovilAMX2.41423.18-0.32
6.07140.58105.70AEPAEP3.121122.31-0.40
-9.93387.49290.97AmerExpressAXP1.120333.20-0.96
5.08150.02123.09AmericanFinAFG2.513143.621.00
18.0058.7040AmerHlthcrREITAMHR1.88255.53-0.95
-10.8787.2971.21AmeriHomes4RentAHER1.83473.540.31
-10.0887.2971.25AICLAIG2.61476.930.30
0.38205.22160.06AmerTowerREITAMT4.024176.232.07
5.98145.64120.57AmerWaterWorksAWK2.624138.301.61
14.07572.56422.37AmeripriseAMPE1.213559.323.55
15.07261.16179.24AmetekAMEK0.635236.25-7.42
32.87176.69163.41AmgenAMGN0.328143.42-4.59
21.2896.6823.36AmkorTechAMKR0.72147.88-3.86
16.72178.52105.45AmphenolAPH0.339157.74-3.64
-17.4065.9443.69AmrizeAMZR0.02144.470.38
33.40449.51223.47AnalogDevicesADI1.243361.78-12.74
32.73129.1454.41AngloGoldAshAU3.115113.19-5.21
45.20400.9734.79APIInBevBIIBV0.024340.131.07
3.0424.5220AnalystCapNLY13.0623.04-0.02
25.3023.8416.96AnteroMidstreamAMR4.02722.29-0.24
11.5845.7529.10AnteroResourcesAR...1138.45-0.07
0.71382.34304.59AonAON0.920355.405.84
3.7449.9933.40APIGroupAPG...dd39.69-1.56
78.82134.9959.49ApogeeTherapAPGE...dd84.970.01
-6.7133.2999.96AppliedGlbMgmtAPGR1.713135.98-1.66
17.60344.57225.95AppleAAPL0.337319.705.12
25.49374.80238.34AppliedIndlTechAIT0.629322.22-16.17
79.65739.67154.47ApplMaterialsAMAT0.540461.67-20.69
204.73233.6718.50AppliedOptoelecAAOI...dd106.23-7.05
-52.84745.61297.50AppLovinAPP...24317.73-1.65
-29.9450.4734.69ApplifyAPLY0.02949.750.37
57.8462.6535.07AramarkARMK0.84158.18-0.70
63.2475.9331.93ArcelorMittalMT0.73174.39-0.24
3.04107.0882.44ArchCapitalACGL0.8898.840.08
41.8388.4655.58ADMADM2.62281.542.44
-11.82186.8995.80AresMgmtARES3.865142.520.13
-11.82186.8995.80ArgoEngyARGX...62195.38-35.60
49.11214.89114.52AristaNetworksANET...62195.38-71
118.69452.70100.02ArmARM...245239.05-16.16
85.08237.33101.79ArrowElecARW...13203.92-5.04
27.9095.4921.61ArrowheadPharmARWH...dd84.91-3.68
YTD % Chg52-Week HiLoStockSymYld %PELastNet Chg
-18.9334.0323.45CavalCCL2.41124.76-0.19
51.32625.99228CarpenterTechCRS0.245476.48-14.15
11.2676.7650.24CarrierGlobalCARR1.64158.79-0.05
-12.2897.3854.46CarvanaCVNA...3474.04-0.05
36.68927.85490CaseysGenStoresCASY0.339755.47-7.91
39.691073.46410.51CaterpillarCAT0.834800.25-16.75
1.05474.02183.66CelesticaCLS...31298.70-18.68
-5.4013.678.73CemexCEX0.93310.87-0.06
-4.7434.2416.23CenovusCORN0.72626.25-0.05
86.6433.4015.63CenovusEnergyCVE1.01231.58-0.13
57.3569.3628.24CenteneCNC...dd64.75-0.58
2.3545.2636.60CenterPointEnerCNP2.42339.24-0.05
...386.34160.81CerebrasSystemsCBRS...dd179.08-7.59
46.13303.31144.26CharlesRiverLabsCRL...dd291.50-4.91
-26.41285.82111.55CharterCommsCHTR...dd153.625.30
-2.6526.5514.30CharterPointCPAT...1423.62-0.05
45.24300.89186.20CheniereEnergyLNG0.821282.331.53
28.8570.6449.53CheniereEnerPtrsCQP4.51268.910.55
32.45214.71146.49ChevronCVX3.519201.862.09
31.9034.1615.88ChimeFinlCHYM...dd33.20-0.16
2.7842.8128.04ChipotleCMG...3538.030.81
8.6526.5512.30ChipotleCPM...1126.55-0.05
3.0746.4839.28ChunghwaTelCHT2.92642.990.01
20.76106.0481.33Church&DwightCHD1.233101.26-1.11
61.82637.5190CienaCIEN...126378.44-21.41
1.33315.47239.51CignaCI2.212278.881.21
5.30194.81150CincinnatiFinlCINF2.28171.97-0.55
8.57136.16161.16CintasCTAS1.0204140.48-1.35
9.89159.4789.90CitadelInternetCRCL...5287.14-7.10
42.71130.3766.13CiscoSystemsCSCO1.533109.93-2.22
13.89147.9692.96CitigroupC2.014132.900.22
19.3575.3347.95CitizensFinCFG2.61569.71-0.47
32.51335.94201.34CleanHarborsCLH...38310.71-1.10
52.98128.9084.70CloroxCLX4.921102.53-1.10
28.2592.4965.35CloudflareCNFL...dd28.25-0.05
29.48219.65110.60Coca-ColaConKO2.42789.660.60
20.29113.6784.66Coca-ColaEuropacCCEP0.527198.493.89
18.5127.7712.46CoeurMiningCDE0.21721.13-1.08
68.0472.8834.60CognexCGNX0.65960.46-2.51
-22.8487.0337.08CognizantTechCTSH2.11464.040.28
51.3233.2221.85CoherentCOHR...dd29.20-0.05
-21.00402.16139.11CoinbaseGiblCOINdd173.64-12.08
14.8499.3374.55ColgatePalmCL2.39690.75-0.21
-3.3632.8521.28Comcast ACMCSA4.9927.060.65
62.732073.99670.19ComfortSystemsFIX0.2371518.73-96.25
2.267.164.24SABESPSBS4.2114.870.05
39.25135.8885.57ConocoPhillipsCOP2.613138.99-0.05
8.78114.8869.90ConocoPhillipsCOO...18107.490.80
-5.27168.60126.45ConstBrands ASTZ3.212130.69-0.74
-21.66412.70228.63ConstellationEnerCEG0.627276.75-5.66
-13.1689.8358.89CooperCOO0.06071.170.21
-15.7350.1126.81CopartCPRT...2132.990.23
227.24126.3828.66CorseptTherapCORT...272113.88-3.05
8.22223.48169.46CorningidgeFinORIG3.112223.48-0.05
17.62153.2060.55CoreWeaveCRWV...dd84.23-2.57
70.15271.7866.14CorningGLW0.868148.98-3.82
35.54425.94252.84CorpayCPAY...25407.884.21
25.1790.9760.53CortevaCTVA0.95583.901.50
-52.0891.8925.89CoStarCSGP...17732.220.88
9.641096.88844.06CostcoCOST0.6948.47-10.81
-29.97148.48100.00CrowdStrikeCRWD...dd16.720.02
12.24230.50159.58CraneCR0.536207-1.98
28.36413.25230.45CredicorpBAP2.914368.40-4.80
61.76308.6786.48CredoTechCRDO...94232.75-7.49
86.36229.0885.68CrowdStrikeCRWD...118218.40-9.56
-14.32100.5069.72CrownCastleCCI5.61776.141.11
15.02287.22189.21CrownHoldingsCCHI...dd189.21-0.05
27.69170.80114.49CrownFrostCFR2.515161.690.30
10.66737.76389.52CumminsCMI1.629564.85-9.02
8.18808.16465.51Curtiss-WrightCW0.241596.37-9.12
13.4688.3135.22CytokineticsCYTK...dd72.09-5.81

DEF

5.33155.75126.23DTE EnergyDTE3.421135.86-0.38
8.23152.88100.73DT MidstreamDCTM2.728129.53-2.15
-15.61242.80160.93DanaherDHR0.738216.070.39
-15.61242.80160.93DARDRB2.828129.53-0.15
78.6769.9829.15DarlingInngredDAR-1764.322.93
74.26292.7298.01DatadogDDOG...484236.98-5.95
59.04247.49101DaVitaDVA...15180.881.80
-15.35125.4578.91DeckersOutdoorDECK...1287.761.43
35.39674.19433DeereDE1.035630.337.67
-15.35125.4578.91DiamondTechDOG0.016624.00-1.40
15.3795.6855.03DeltaAirDAL-1.11380.07-1.07
4.6740.6928.12DeutscheBankDB0.81040.360.29
29.2752.7131.47DevonEnergyDVN2.71147.350.23
36.8492.5954.11DexComDXCM...3690.821.53
31.49213.2872.45DiageoDEO4.43092.990.90
31.49213.2872.45DiamondbkEnerDKK2.823197.78-2.85
-31.10120.40-10.00DKS...18110.88-1.63
19.88208.14146.23DigitalRealtyDLR2.690185.47-6.63
131.11187.5030.89DigitalOceanDOCN...51111.21-10.47
2.30741.98503.06Dillard'sDDS0.214620.29-10.42
-4.98119.7892.19DisneyDIS1.422108.101.28
-6.4386.6540.16DocuSignDOCU...4274.54-2.00
-7.47125.4572.45DollarGeneralDG1.916122.89-3.00
4.27142.4084.71DollarTreeDLTR...16128.261.26
11.8872.9955.85DominionEnerD4.12365.55-0.95
-16.03469282Domino'sDPZ2.32037.501.95
3.64112.8478.52DonaldsonDCI1.42491.89-0.52
4.53285.50143.62DoorDashDASH...234126.744.85
1.53186.75100.00DoverDOV1.714186.68-3.31
30.5042.7420.65DowDOW4.6dd30.510.18
-13.2515.6711.36DrReddy'sLabRDY0.52712.180.02
-26.7048.7820.46DraftKingsDKNG...dd25.261.04
2.59134.49113.89DukeEnergyDUK3.618120.25-0.59
13.58157.9892.45DuPontDD1.8325136.98-1.82
-12.67161.31106.73DutSmartaceDT...37153.57-3.00
20.98951.96564.92EMCOREMO0.223740.17-34.87
39.195834.03ENIE3.21352.81-0.41
36.51153.67101.59EOG RscsEOG2.811143.35-1.15
1.8168.2447.94EQTEQT1.21354.57-0.20
15.17137.4792.67EastWBCnabEWBC2.512129.44-0.21
12.67161.31106.73EastGroupEGG...dd160.20-2.08
26.46478311.92EatonETN1.141402.78-13.26
21.26119.3178.03eBayEBAY1.222105.623.66
-20.11147.2554.74EchoStarECHO...dd86.840.37
9.23309.27243.15EcolabECL1.038286.750.84
64.6718.198.57EcopetrolEC10.11016.50-0.06
70.57108.6527.02EdisonIntlEIG5.021101.33-2.45
5.8296.2972.30EcoSysLifeEW5490.210.26
6.5427.9817.11ElancoAnimalELAN...dd24.11-0.38
22.671016.06453ElbitSystemsESLT0.653708.68-10.01
26.6151.1623.81EldoradoGoldEGO0.71645.48-2.55
12.52436.24274.84ElevanceHealthELV1.718394.43-4.68
12.52436.24274.84EmbraerEMR...dd274.73-2.02
1.3455.4945.77EmersonElecEMA4.02249.98-0.12
16.92166.35122.64EmersonEducEMR1.434155.18-2.53
4.9658.4545.02EnbridgeENB5.32750.200.26
13.86127.9992.77EncompassHealthEHC0.720120.851.28
29.2321.6416.18EnergyTransferET6.41521.31-0.07
70.57108.6527.02EightShreevableEnENTL...dd34.57-3.00
-0.70218141.58EnGroupENQ0.227172.98-0.56
60.14186.9467.97EntegrisENTG0.368134.92-10.39
14.41118.4486.40EntergyETR2.427105.75-0.74
21.7140.1630.01EnterpriseProdEPD5.71439.02-0.03
-10.43271.84150.75EquifaxEFX3.234194.393.99
36.37280.20200.00EquinixEQIX2.7104247.97-32.00
75.1643.4622.26EqmonarEQNR2.91143.39-0.16
-7.4818.968.18EquinoxGoldEQX0.71512.99-0.46
5.3555.1535.20EquitableEQH2.4dd50.200.05
5.166958.72EquityLifeELS3.43163.74-0.74
-9.16357.75204.63ErielndemnityERIE2.224260.400.96
7.1440.1030.00EssentialUtilWTRG3.53548.55-0.15
8.46303.35238.46EssexPropESS...dd284.033.27
-1.27121.6466.22EsteeLauderELT1.41028203.39-2.82
-14.74388.71265.87EvercoreAEVR1.216290.11-1.12
11.27401.07302.44EverestEG2.18377.61-0.05
11.2688.6270.42EvergyEVRG3.42080.65-0.77
39.3854.0030.00EverpureEPE...dd29.01-0.05
5.2176.5762.45FirstSourceEnerESF4.41870.84-0.08
24.2357.5733.76ExelixisEXEL...1754.45-0.81
0.7850.6542.58ExelonEXC3.81643.93-0.03
-11.05126.6284.98ExpandEnergyEXRE2.3898.160.16
16.28342185.34ExpediaEXPE0.621329.4410.52
28.16192.28112.94ExpeditorsIntlEXPD0.828190.970.25
9.1847.4534.00ExtraSpaceStEXG4.41442.97-0.71
30.22176.41108.35ExxonMobilXOM2.620156.710.27
54.45435223.76F5FFIV...31394.24-15.98
-0.95323.51147.98FTAI AviationFTAI1.042198.94-4.44
-8.99748.89313FabrinetFN...32414.36-18.35
-6.48308.15185FactSetFDS1.520308.98-1.51
-31.17101.0160.06FastenalFdsAFASTA...dd115.58-3.46
24.0552.9138.97FastenalFASTA2.14049.75-1.33
15.82128.2190.03FederalRealtyFRT4.024116.75-0.17
42.25345.37178.21FedExFDX1.522330.88-0.53
YTD% Chg52-WeekHiLoStockYldNetChg
Sym% PELast
-6.3676.3948.34FoxAFOXA0.8 1868.421.20
-5.5668.1744.08FoxBFOX0.9 1661.320.92
28.41285.67181.50Franco-NevadaFNV0.7 35266.16-5.15
45.0436.2821.11FranklinTempBEN3.8 2434.65-0.17
43.70181.88107.97FreedomHoldingFRHC... 69174.854.19
50.5280.2435.15FreeportMcMFCX0.8 3876.45-1.97
-3.0227.6420.02FreseniusMedCareFMS2.6 1223.10-0.17
102.5245.2920.31FrontlineFRO7.1 744.190.44
-24.33202.5380.50FutuFUTU2.1 12124.26-0.31
11.22388.84268.01GE AerospaceGE0.540342.58-0.15
-12.5589.7758.75GE HealthCareGEC0.21671.72-0.76
39.531195.94530.16GE VernovaGEV0.226911.93-41.90
-0.2850.12-0.33GE EnvironmentalGE0.023108.850.00
3.6311.7038.63GSKGSK3.51650.820.55
3.8045.9216.43GalaxyDigitalGLXY...dd23.21-2.08
3.39313.55190.75GallagherAJG1.044267.567.41
-4.7749.9541.17Gaming&LeisureGLPI7.71242.560.25
40.59314.28186.67GarminGRMN1.529285.19-4.68
-21.24124.4510.40ITIT...dd11.801.75
14.0931.2917.78GenDigitalGEN1.61831.020.52
34.78296.44134.80GeneracGNRC...42183.80-13.49
12.67400306.77GeneralDynamicsGD1.723379.32-0.74
-10.6551.3331.75GeneralMillsGIS5.9dd41.551.11
6.0991.8554.33GeneralMotorsGM0.84486.270.09
7.6212.647.48GlobantGBM...dd12.73-0.25
11.83151.5790.78GenuinePartsGPC3.5115137.810.51
-14.9573.6946.55GildanGIL1.910053.12-0.11
18.69157.29108.46GileadSciencesGILD2.3dd145.68-3.18
59.30191.6273.16GlaukosGKOS...dd179.87-2.04
18.6395.8861.16GlobalPaymentsGPN1.12991.82-0.92
28.8492.5531.59GlobalFoundriesGPS1.13544.76-1.59
33.9484.8527.64GlobalstarGSAT...dd81.76-0.29
23.54191.55127.84GlobeLifeGL0.811172.79-2.99
-4.97101.4054.15GlobusMedicalGMED...2182.970.43
-21.26150.4771.95GoDaddyGDDY...1497.700.72
5.2761.6431.11GoldFieldsGFI2.64539.96-2.04
11.74117.9471.00Goldman SachsGH1.916109.93-6.08
-27.666.623.18GrabGRAB...263.610.02
-3.2795.6972.51GracoGGG1.52579.29-0.33
29.461419.91906.52GraingerGWW0.8331306.30-14.78
-21.27300.41203.24GAPPAC3.819207.56-7.29
52.87103.5053.40GrupoCibestGB6.73597.24-1.39
58.17108.3853.40GuidantHealthGH...dd108.380.00
2.41272.60102.30GuidewireGWRE...111205.854.76
-10.50556.52353.99HCA HealthcareHCA0.714417.82-1.52
-36.8437.4522.45HDFC BankHDB1.51423.080.62
116.38100.1345.71HF SinclairDINO2.11099.712.71
36.3926.1912.15HertzHTZ...dd26.190.00
31.60107.9263.55HSBCHSBC3.615103.530.68
1.6456.6335.69H WorldHTHT4.52247.820.11
...11.288.65HaleonHLN1.82110.110.07
28.0343.5921.40HalliburtonHAL1.91936.180.69
56.54109.6661.23HalozymeTherapHALO...31105.35-1.57
1.6626.0610.75HarmonyGoldHMY...dd24.030.75
0.64100.00120.33HarmonyFoodsHLYX1.79138.550.75
14.91106.9869.50HasbroHAS3.01794.230.05
30.3522.9515.70HealthpeakPropDOC5.86020.96-0.26
6.2034.178.02HeclaMiningHL0.12620.38-1.85
4.00376.86256.11HeicoHEI0.156336.53-0.48
-0.99296.63169.42HeicoNBAHEA0.141208.060.00
18.4492.1861.95HenryScheinHSIC...2689.52-0.76
-1.61239.48161.43HersheyHSY3.226179.05-2.27
117.7864.2519.84HewlettPackardHPE1.14952.31-2.10
12.05358253.54HiltonHLT0.247321.85-3.83
-4.04426.75289.10HomeDepotHD2.823330.191.58
8.07288.00140.00HomeDepotHD3.4dd31.860.62
297.50150.03HoneywellAeroHONA162.371.62
6.32260.15195.77HoneywellHON1.38217.43-2.96
-8.9926.6019.70HormelFoodsHRL5.43521.570.29
2.33184.54131.75DR HortonDHI1.214147.392.13
25.6625.7115.61HostHotelsHST3.51622.28-0.06
29.70270.70169.80HoneywellAerospaceHONW4.020183.88-0.85
3.50565.50403.82HubbellHUBB1.227459.66-10.62
-35.04525.51169.63HubSpotHUBS...92260.684.85
47.5632.1511.55HubdayMineralsHBM0.11729.29-1.07
50.53428.88163.11HumanaHUM0.937385.54-7.09
34.32299.76130.12JBHuntJBHT0.737261.03-2.36
-14.24184.00104.36JPMorganBcshsJPMAN...dd184.000.00
-13.49460263.62HuntingInngallsHII1.918294.21-1.70
72.88140.8024.20HutBHUT...dd79.42-7.71
7.44206.86134.18HyattHotelsH0.3214dd172.25-1.03
0.2733.0325.08ICICI BankIBN0.71829.880.02
29.41243.80158.19IDEXIEX1.333230.28-3.70
-17.88218.88181.88IDEXLabIDXX...dd208.989.93
59.27408.25166.63IES HoldingsIESC...28309.88-23.87
25.8636.2323.62ING GroepING3.21335.240.14
42.95INNOINIO

JKL

-5.7618.6511.49JBSJBS7.41313.59-0.03
0.1436.8624.51JD.comJD3.41928.740.25
10.0020.7810.28JPMorgan ChaseJPM2.81824.28-3.42
32.20428.93189.60JPMJBL0.138301.45-10.77
-6.99193.39121.04JackHenryJKHY1.424169.730.09
14.74168.44105.68JacobsSolnsJ0.953151.981.36
44.2431.3616.46JamesHardieJHX...12029.930.16
32.8322.76JanusLivingJAN2.1...30.50-0.21
43.85266.38128.88JazzPharmJAZZ...17244.54-6.56
-14.3313.3353.53JonesFinslJEL3.01513.490.09
58.09105.7634.05JFrogFROG...dd98.74-5.29
29.52276.47173.33J&JJNJ2.031268.282.27
16.57157.06103.82JohnsonControlsJCI1.124139.59-2.62
12.35393.84259.83JonesLangJLL0.018378.01-0.74
44.30125.6676.31KB FinancialKB2.211124.162.78
10.0013.9113.18KBHoldingsBEKE...dd10.000.00
-14.75152.0982.67KKRKKR0.735108.68-0.84
44.47307.3783.22KLAKLAC0.548175.54-8.23
3.4824.5817.12KTKT3.41119.630.03
36.04109.9468.59Kaspi.kzKSPI5.310106.291.28
11.8028.8214.02Keuigv.sweKVUE2.42249.11-0.67
14.8933.8224.88KeurigDrPepperKDP2.93332.180.30
6.1524.0716.47KeyCorpKEY3.71321.91-0.11
57.47374.96158.79KeysightTechKEYS...44319.97-5.85
8.58131.5392.42KimberlyClarkKMB4.719109.55-0.43
17.3226.6419.76KimcoRealtyKIM4.72823.70-0.83
14.8134.8025.60KinderMorganKMI3.82031.560.02
11.0021.0010.00KenonScotKGC0.04425.27-1.24
28.6282.8638.62Knight-SwiftKNX1.22567.26-7.64-1.26
-1.3333.4423.85PhilipsPHG3.12620.72-0.20
-29.2123.4111.15KoreaElecPwrKEP4.2311.68-0.25
5.9828.0921.04KraftHeinzKHC6.2dd25.700.57
-31.12134.7343.09KratosDefenseKROS...dd25.70-1.69
-7.6265.5848.45K+SKR2.73447.720.27
42.56382.54136.73KrystalBiotechKRYS...44351.46-6.00
51.84130.0539.84KymeraTherapKYMR...dd118.15-2.08
-6.4470.4241.41LatamAirlinesLTM3.0950.53-0.67
3.79400.16260.15LPL FinancialPLLA0.330370.699.47
-10.47379.23258.54L3HarrisTechLHX1.927262.820.84
33.33139.4694.00LemonLMN0.434139.46-0.17
76.36438.5094.11LamResearchLRCX0.352301.90-16.68
18.80166.33114.45LamarAdvLAMR4.327150.38-0.21
-30.8070.4543.91LasVegasSandsLVS2.71845.040.80
55.48157.0160.50LatticeSemiLSCC...442114.40-6.07
-22.03205.7798.86LeidosLDOs1.213140.660.80
-16.84299.7979.84LennoxALEN2.21426.33-0.75
-10.69137.3978.02Lennar BLENB2.41384.951.50
-18.99587.27387.45LennoxIntlLII1.43839.332.24
13.0550.5932.43LeonardoDRSDRS0.93238.54-0.38
-27.7627.1011.65LiAutoLI...dd12.230.05
22.56106.0674.38LibertyLiveALLVYA......99.890.13
24.8474.9664.54LibertyLiveCLLYVK...dd63.55-0.19
3.34109.3680.15LibertyFormOneCFWON...63101.80-0.29
4.5299.5273.70LibertyFormOneAFWONA...5893.42-0.67
63.6947.2324.14LifeTimeLTH...2443.51-0.84
9.301292.65712.05Eli LillyLLY0.6401174.61-1.49
18.88310216.22LincolnElectricLECO1.128284.89-4.84
148.2082.8046.55LincolnElectricLINX1.32688.51-1.07
60.29500.57233.36LittlefuseLFUS0.8dd405.42-15.87
27.47189.25125.34LiveNationEntLYV...dd181.651.01
11.706.344.20LloydsBankingLYG2.8145.92
16.58692437.25LockheedMartinLMT2.421563.85-2.04
4.19121.0395.10LoewsL0.213109.72-0.10
-23.2696.66-83.92LockheedIntlLQGEN1.12479.96-0.60
-13.73293.06199.40Lowe'sLOW2.418208.051.31
-41.87225.98104.44lululemonLULU...10120.835.81
142.821085.68125LumentumLITE...dd895-61.14
47.0483.9441.58LyondellBasellLYB4.3dd63.670.61

MN

54.88418.90121.97Macom TechMTSI85265.27-11.88
17.77255.95174.76M&T BankMTB2.513237.29
15.8751.5929.18MGM MotorsMGM0.02642.28
60.05447.6297.50MKKSMKSI0.441255.76
11.0260.9547.80MPLXMPLX1.37359.25
11.10100.2537.81MP MaterialsMP...dd61.33
-0.0150.0050.00MSCIMSCI1.45057.76
...44.5024.75MadisonAirSolnsMAIR26.33-0.84
50.53438.93193.87MSG SportsMSGS0.01252389.34-4.31
-8.34615393.61MadrigalPharmMDGL...dd533.76
23.5673.2243.11MagnalntlMGA3.02465.86
27.3220.4912.94MagnumlceCrmMICC...5920.18
28.8720.4912.94MagnumlansocMNNS...dd42.28
17.8645.3330.20ManulifeFinlMFC2.91642.76
12.3652.0532.73MaplebearCART...2850.54
+126.79369.12161.93MarathonPetrolMPC1.113368.83
-15.40287.59179.41MarkelMKL...101818.69
13.16410.98256.76MarriottMAR0.836351.08
3.6218.8813.66MitsubishiUFJMITSU2.81018.88
-14.71710.97522.19MartinMariettaMLMA6.613531.05
154.91329.8861.44MarvellTechMRVL0.171216.62
YTD % Chg52-Week HiLoStockSymYld %PELastNet Chg
15.4383.6458.16MascoMAS1.71773.250.46
10.87441.43171.05MasTecMTZ3832241-10.13
4.83162.64157.90MasCardMA0.618106.303.57
28.7742.4928.81MatchGroupMTCH1.91541.580.36
-19.3372.1444.30McCormickVtgMKCV3.9594.860.61
-18.7672.4144.82McCormickMKC3.5955.330.79
-13.29341.75259.85McDonald'sMCD2.8222654.94
8.91999677.28McKessonMCK0.424893.292.88
-16.08102.8814.48MDLXMDLX...35102.26...
6.94677.90373MedpaceMEDP...35600.65-10.92
-5.03106.3373.31MedtronicMDT3.22491.231.26
-2.382548.501495MercadoLibreMELI...541966.2535.50
40.94156.9277.58MerckMRK2.3119148.35-1.19
-12.43790.80520.26MetaPlatformsMETA0.422578.026.92
22.74108.00100.00MetaPlatformsMETA2.596106.511.27
0.311525.171023.05Mettler-ToledoMTD...311398.58-8.85
14.45105.9148.52MicrochipTechMCHP2.570972.932.56
226.851255114.25MicronTechMU0.121932.86-2.53
6.18553.72349.20MicrosoftMSFT0.729513.538.47
-6.63144.67104.00MidAmAptMAM4.738129.610.82
68.43107.1344.88MitsubishiUFJMFGU1.22493.380.16
44.3923.2514.62MitsubishiUFJMUF1.91522.900.46
45.3611.066.09MizuhoFinMFG1.31510.640.20
367.92176.66228.02ModernaMRNA...dd137.99-4.77
33.05323.25111.18ModineMfgMOD...67177.63-8.68
15.7524.6022.28MolinaHealthcareMOH...20012.001.23
15.8526.6551.20MondelezMDLZ3.32362.36-0.07
6.42473.10215.68MongoDBMDB...dd446.623.04
38.601714.09800.97MonolithicPowerMPWR0.6771256.26-54.82
22.2450.1730.80MonsterBevMNST...4346.860.16
0.80546.88402.28Moody'sMCO0.833514.955.93
53.30293.40153.50MorganStaplesMGA0.837374.66-8.59
20.98232.25145.66MorganStanleyMS2.117214.77-0.09
26.79493.57359.36MotorolaSolMSI3.088406-0.54
9.4171.1247.11MuellerIndsMLI2.21662.80-1.38
-14.318.024.30NIONIO...dd4.370.01
-10.22189.96110.65NRG EnergyNRG1.729111.12-3.29
-112.96243.80150.01NVIDIANVDA...19296.2730.87
3.00339.95183NXP SemiconNXPI1.819223.58-2.28
2.24101.7876.55NasdaqNDAQ1.22999.31-0.04
42.42343.18157.43NateraNTRA...dd326.26-12.44
2.5994.6467.52NationalGridNGG4.01879.35-0.08
5.0319.4213.56NatWestNWG4.7918.38-0.08
149.90100.0060.00NordsonNDSN...dd91.18-9.35
74.64209.0693.69NetAppNTAP1.129187.02-3.62
-10.80159.55106.06NetEaseNTES3.417122.760.07
-12.84126.7165.08NetflixNFLX...2681.721.88
8.62186.12122.14NeurocrineNBIX...23154.06-1.86
-1.8287.1054.10NYTimes ANYT1.32868.160.04
28.17108.47100.77NokiaNKOK1.017117.98-4.37
18.5731.6622.20NewsCorp ANWSA0.63030.97-0.22
17.6235.7625.49NewsCorp BNWS0.63434.85-0.47
1.9498.7569.24NextEraEnergyNEE3.01881.84-1.01
-1.92163.1364.30NextpowerNXT...2285.44-4.14
-37.8479.1338.17NikeNKE4.11939.601.16
-2.9238.4138.21NikkeSourceNICE3.02134.57-0.35
57.8117.454.23NokiaNOK1.27110.21-0.38
22.7710.366.71NomuraNMR2.71210.300.18
35.00339.12220.06NordsonNDSN1.233324.59-6.25
20.77358.60268.23NorfolkSouthernNSC1.530348.680.75
36.36157.78121.01NorthernTrustNTRS1.518106.790.55
-4.32774.75479.02NorthropGrumNOC1.874545.570.44
6.29615.99232.72NevadaNVMI...44349.06-21.86
11.56170.46121.57NovartisNVS2.623153.81-0.84
-10.3664.1635.12NovoNordiskNVO2.81145.61-0.65
-14.5818.9811.20NuHoldingsNU...1914.50-0.38
5.58280.1124.00NucorNUC0.9291250.50-1.06
33.8028.4234.01NuVistaNTNX...1369.16-0.68
19.1085.3653.03NutrienNTR3.01573.510.45
45.61184.6487.16nVentElectricNVT0.641148.48-7.07
16.65236.54164.07NVIDIANVDA0.528217.55-10.43

OPQ

7.1250.5941.70OGE EnergyOGE3.72045.74-0.29
28.9397.9064.02ONEOKOKE4.51694.760.04
34.09134.9244.56ON SemiON...4772.61-2.19
21.29121.9052.94PolyAutoORLY...dd115.500.67
43.7367.4538.80OccidentalPetrolOXY1.91859.10-0.07
92.24174.8562.66OktaOKTA...100166.23-6.68
26.68252.03126.01OldDomFreightODFL0.638198.63-1.43
15.8727.3619.39OldNatIbncpONB2.21225.85...
-7.8246.7636.65OldRepublicORI3.0942.07-0.17
3.7329.3279.20OldHealthcareORIH5.51024.99-0.30
9.3329.5666.33OmnicomOMC3.67688.280.39
-37.9351.0828.55OnHoldingONON...1928.85-0.10
71.54386.46101OntolInnovationONTO...101270.79-21.83
-22.61345.72114.50OracleORCL1.326150.85-1.09
33.4725.2924.19OrixIX2.11111.070.08
100.55180.49116.85OSKOSK...dd153.96-2.74
-17.8794.5669.16OtisWorldwideOTIS2.51871.740.26
64.8167.4435.47OvintivOVV1.91864.59-0.59
27.90159.9197.53OwensCorningOC2.2dd143.13-0.55
-24.43139.4171.94PDDPDD...1085.691.00
3.3019.1614.34PG&EPCG1.21216.60-1.35
16.94258.96176.88PhosciFinlPHG1.313216.22-1.24
13.2392.4044.99POSCOPKX2.12060.25-0.90
11.48133.4393.39PPG IndPPG2.611144.220.75
-2.3440.1033.16PPLPPL3.32034.20-0.24
-9.79217.64108.50PTCPTC...15157.15-1.80
14.46139.2492.25PaccarPCAR1.126125.34-1.20
10.88100.0064.00PengagingCpAmPEAK2.01793.39-0.80
4.80207.52106.37PalantirTechPLTR...159186.260.39
101.73398.88139.57Palo AltoIntNtwksPANW...306371.59-11.26
2.0569.9932.46PanAmerSilverPAAS1.41552.87-2.02
-18.8120.867.62ParamountSkydancePSKY1.8dd10.880.08
13.201099.94715.37ParkerHanRifinPH0.835995.02-16.18
13.231099.94715.37PaychexPAYX0.835995.02-16.18
49.68242.50104.90Pure.comSoftwarePAYC0.625238.551.49
-8.0879.2238.46PayPalPYPL1.01053.66-7.81
...24.8912.07PayPalPAYP...1215.280.08
19.1617.7512.02PearsonPSO2.12516.730.07
26.1451.5836.20PembinaPipelinePBA4.22348.01-0.38
-57.3854.9422.00PerskeAutoPKG1.626217.01-0.80
-40.78113.9557.60PfizerPNR1.81661.67-0.43
3.46362.41221.26PenumbraPEN...79321.680.68
-1.71171.48133.73PepsiCoPEP4.219141.071.35
12.16117.4780.82PerformanceFoodPFGC...44100.85-1.27
61.8024.0911.92PermianRscsPR2.81522.70-0.48
-57.3854.9422.00PershingSquarePESR1.2dd12.170.05
56.37113.9561.43PetroBrasilPBR...dd18.530.28
48.8020.0510.76PetroleoBrasilAPBRA7.1416.770.23
12.2928.7523.58PfizerPFE6.23727.96-0.06
19.63207.76142.11PhilipMorrisPM3.128191.891.41
89.10246.95126.74Phillips66PSX2.114244.014.20
5.95110.3381.08PinnacleFinPtrsPNFP2.014101.090.11
10.00153.1385.31PentairWestPNW3.3dd14.64-0.24
-10.4338.5713.84PinterestPINS...6823.190.31
41.8725.7515.69PlainsAllAmPipePAA6.6725.48-0.03
46.1328.2816.85PlainsGPPAGP6.01027.97-0.06
36.32179.24108.74PopularBPOP2.111169.75
16.97392.7037.19PraxisPrecisionPRAX...dd344.75-23.10
26.35179.2427.00ProTralFinlPPG3.011164.41-0.76
-12.4082.3128.03ProcoreTechPCOR...dd63.720.02
0.33167.25137.62Procter&GamblePG3.022143.780.64
-3.99249.83189.20ProgressivePGR0.211218.640.99
10.21153.35110.51PrologisPLD3.031140.70-1.15
65.25160.8154.50ProtogranistTherapPTGX...139144.33-5.17
6.1341.8731.20ProtOmegaFinlPROU4.11738.79-0.59
-11.1534.0324.61PrudentialPUK1.81027.65-0.08
-8.8587.6372.53PSEGPEGT3.81773.19-0.14
20.81335.55256.54PublicStoragePSA3.830313.512.31
9.63144.50108.49PulteGroupPHM0.813128.55-1.40
-29.9127.6113.14QXOQXO0.0dd13.52-0.34
-47.50200.00108.49QilexQ0.0dd28.53-6.00
-4.01259.92121.99QualcommQCOM2.219164.19-0.59
42.80788.75363.01QuantaServicesPWR0.169602.70-19.13

RS

11.64667.69364.50RBC BearingsRBC...49500.62-8.38
-16.34119.5882.03RB GlobalRBA1.53738.060.17
-9.6048.4027.57RELXRELX2.52236.540.24
2.55128.5192.92RPMRPM2.021106.650.95
15.44226.88150.61RTXRTX1.437211.71-0.37
0.12421.60292.90RalphLaurenRL1.122354.042.14
-6.24174.1070.70RambusRBS...3985.76-5.35
17.5840.4032.68RyondResourcesRRC1.04144.46-0.10
11.69182.73138.82RaymondJamesRJF1.216179.363.25
9.9567.9455.86RealtyIncomeO5.24561.980.18
-33.44282.95119.27RedditRDDT...36153-0.95
12.19247.80127.96RegalRexnordRRX0.932157.43-6.49
9.0446.6636.86RegencyCtrsREG...4045.520.26
2.89847541RegenPharm1REGN0.520794.19-13.55
11.9232.4722.70RegionsFinlRF4.01230.33-0.07
20.68251178.21ReinsGrpRGA1.611245.54-0.48
34.17433.02260.31RelianceRS1.323387.59-4.10
17.63335.97231.17RenaissanceReRNR0.56330.740.33
20.32100.8480.98RokuCapitalInuitRTO2.023100.550.09
7.57188.73100.99RepligenRGEN...240176.27-5.76
4.80235.18196.41RepublicSvcsRSG1.231222.112.84
-0.22284.87180.26ResMedRMD1.123240.334.57
14.7081.9661.33RestaurantBrandsQSR3.32378.260.13
160.99224.3337.56RevolutionMedRVMD...dd207.88-13.27
-33.13118.0081.02RivianRVTY0.710100.80-0.97
29.08112.5061.40RioTintoRIO4.510134.33-1.40
-18.4722.6912.39RivianRIVN...dd16.07-0.73
-7.82153.8663.52RobinhoodHOOD...46104.26-5.50
-52.4514233.88RBLXRBLX...dd38.530.38
-28.0743.3612.17RocketCos.RKX0.01047.77-0.47
-7.7015137.57RocketLabKRLBdd6443.39-3.14
10.74497.36332.71RockwellROK1.340430.86-2.14
-3.0241.1431.38RogersCommBRCI3.8436.590.15
59.9537.9711.85RoivantSciencesROIV...dd34.71-2.87
45.34159.8978.53RokuROKU...67157.681.43
39.93187.4475.36RossStoresROS2.016153.380.45
-4.25532.18305.96RoperTechROP0.918426.203.51
26.87257143.39RossStoresROST0.828228.55-1.32
19.79218.56143.13RoyalBkCanadaRY2.018204.23-0.31
0.18366.50242.00RoyalCaribbeanRCL1.817279.41-5.39
18.25306.25168.00RoyalGoldRGLD0.729262.85-6.13
57.48104.0064.08RyersonPharmaPRXR1.526108.690.07
21.67107.9142.25RubrikRBRK...dd93.05-13.97
-15.0359.1929.28RyanSpecialtyRYAN1.26443.870.37
-22.2574.2453.14RyanairRYAY1.31456.130.68
28.46284.25157.67RyderSystemR1.620245.86-2.23
-8.00224.00124.00SAPSAP...dd221.540.37
-10.40522.35360.94S&P GlobalSPGI0.927442.897.50
-1.28224.46162.41SBA CommSBAC2.621190.953.99
36.10112.1575.08SEI InvestmentsSEIC0.920111.630.33
194.80124.80SK hynixSKHY...10161.04-0.57
91.6247.1819.66SK TelecomSKM1.33139.34-0.13
49.3751.4931.40SLXSLX2.15747.352.37
-0.66251.08179.62SPX TechSPXC...35198.73-6.55
-4.5890.2661.40SS&C TechSSNC1.42483.42-0.05
7.88494.71249.32SaiaSAIA...34352.25-0.83
-1.982410.30SailPointSAIL...dd19.83-0.62
-3.29269.11146.26SalesforceCRM0.7232563.95
16.1174.4723.38SiemensIOT...4031.16-0.71
525.57254.3948.56SandiskSNDK...201484.980.03
29.28288.68110.44SanminaSANM...35194.01-9.34
-7.5152.6840.89SanofiSNY3.92344.82-0.02
YTD % Chg52-Week HiLoStockSymYld %PELastNet Chg
10.26114.5387.96SchwabCSCHW1.220110.162.11
-6.69199.3077.05SeaSE...48119.36...
201.30116.45163.86ServiceRateSTX0.460102.89-17.44
-4.51101.0478.97SempraSRE3.12484.31-0.44
78.00177.3555.18SemtechSMTC...87131.17-11.26
6.9190.9968.41ServiceIntlSCI1.72283.36-0.11
-5.54194.7381.24ServiceNowNOW...90144.716.28
-6.62118.9970.75ServiceTitanTTAN...dd98.87-0.72
70.89184.8483.12SelectNinjaSN0.919191.23-1.63
23.7294.9068.62ShellSHEL3.31090.910.21
6.43377.77289.86SherwinWilliamsSHW0.932344.86-0.35
47.5980.0646.26ShinhanFinSHG1.91179.15-1.18
-5.01182.19...ShopifySHOP...133152.90-1.43
15.14141.56172.19SmithPropertySPG4.724145.56-10.52
42.7432.6619.77SiriusXMSIRI3.71128.540.04
57.95901.81222.12SiTimeSITM...131557.86-42.03
3.7590.9051.93SkyworksSWKS0.03465.79-1.57
-11.7038.7928.55Smith&NephewSNN2.62028.97-0.16
35.30135.8988.25SmuckerSJM3.462132.340.50
24.82129.2252.32SmurfitWestrockSW3.448126.29-0.35
13.71423.02319.20Snap-OnSNA2.520391.86-3.98
49.53341.95118.30SnowflakeSNOW...dd328-1.11
14.299840.58SOQUIMICHSQM0.81678.63-1.80
-31.0232.7314.88SoFiTechSOFI...3818.06-1.12
14.9992.7162.38SolventumSOLV...1191.120.19
-27.69100.6750.61SoFiGroupSOI1.720103.921.89
-2.9330.3419.32SonySONY0.5dd24.850.78
1.20100.8383.80SouthernSO3.42188.25-0.80
50.74220.7889.41SoCopperSCO1.631209.80-6.48
12.61112.2084.47SouthStateBkSSB2.511105.98-0.07
-4.0918.1712.26SunWestAirLUV1.82439.16-0.13
225.64104.83SpaceXSPCX...141.500.63
-5.72745405SpotifySPOT...34547.5120.26
31.66104.6861.90Stanley&DSWK3.42497.80-1.44
28.07110.5177.99StarbucksSBUX2.362107.850.59
49.86195.93104.64StateStreetSTT1.917193.33-0.04
38.86263.69105.05StateDynamicsSTLD0.824146.66-1.13
-50.2312.225.05StellantisSTLA0.0dd5.420.14
-7.79269.44195.14SterisSTE1.229233.780.81
53.651005.68266.13SterlingInfrSTRL...34470.52-35.85
-2.6289.8367.81StifelFinancialSF1.71581.290.48
90.3681.4222.11STMicroelecSTM0.69873.38-13.96
-16.23183.1181.01US BancorpMS...dd127.31-10.60
-5.91396.86281StrykerSYK1.134330.698.57
34.0926.6615.18SumitomoMitsSMFG1.91525.920.49
-21.5029.2312.07SummitTherapSMMt...dd13.73-0.60
-0.80137.85115.90SunCommsSUI3.6dd122.92-0.27
26.2243.3920.75SunLifeFinancialSLFN2.91837.860.17
86.7761.03SulFeltRenalsSUNB1.973.20-0.46
47.5070.2937.77SuncorEnergySU2.51265.43-0.99
42.4378.1147.98SunocoSUN5.41674.65-0.83
26.6858.7819.48SuperMicroCompSMCI...1237.08-1.38
-4.7111.547.55SuzanoSUZ2.2418.90-0.06
-32.89100.1951.19SynopsysSYM...dd104.88-1.24
-6.4588.7763.08SynchronyFinlSYF1.7878.05-1.88
-5.77615.79366SynopsysSNPs...78442.61-22.28
11.2091.8468.19SyscoSYY2.72281.94-0.51

TUV

12.4571.4749.27TC EnergyTRP4.02661.86-0.19
69.05296.47142.22TD SynnexSNX0.818253.97-6.16
-90.00256.50190.00T-Mobile ConnectivityTMUS0.00202.66-0.35
-26.5816.259.20TelusTU11.3dd9.67-0.09
43.6058.2432.11TerniumTX4.01554.84-0.99
28.99167.6980.62TFI IntlTFII1.433133.31-2.95
-12.04130.00137.55TJXTJX1.425135.120.90
-11.66226.94176TGCOTKO1.764184.640.30
-10.65166.6666.66T-MobileUSTMUS1.016133.374.63
-15.4670.3836.95TPGTPG4.28153.970.03
8.6512285.22T RowePriceTROW4.711111.24-1.12
71.96223.8342.69TTM TechTTMI...54118.65-6.08
37.39479225.63TaiwanSemiTSM0.730417.52-9.78
-8.06265.94187.63Take-TwoSftwrTTWO...dd235.392.39
-15.1212.9910.09T-MobilePharmTMAT3.01010.03...
-21.00451.28294.75TalenEnergyTLN...dd296.11-8.47
-1.78164.8093TapestryTPR1.517125.492.25
56.00307.94144.14TargaResourcesTRGP1.727287.82-1.13
66.94170.7583.44TargetTGT2.817163.18-2.75
70.2080.5535.29TechnipFMCFTI0.32675.84-0.48
44.7979.2231.68TeckResourcesBTECK0.51969.34-1.24
21.78697.67483.02TeledyneTechTDY3.062621.96-4.54
3.1113.777.71EricssonERIC2.1139.95-0.13
-3.9617.2511.18TelefonicaBrasVIV3.71511.390.06
-30.7423.5213.22TelekomIndnsTLK6.81414.580.04
8.45104.3240.77TempusAITEM...dd64.04-6.65
40.20139.99109.15T-MobileUST-MobileUS0.00136.97-0.37
-51.1726.707.94TencentMusicTME2.7108.56-0.10
34.26283.05157.58TenetHealthcareTHC...10266.80-0.95
83.39487.91109.56TeradyneTER0.149354.97-17.09
-22.45498.83297.38TeslaTSLA...324348.75-6.06
16.7636.3717.89TevaPharmTEVA...6136.44-1.18
49.89181.88131.88TenetInstrumentsTENET2.210188.64-7.97
26.86547.20269.23TexasPacLandTPL0.746364.38-5.33
19.87216.30153.82TexasRoadhouseTXRH1.532198.99-1.13
-4.74101.5778.12TextronTXT0.11683.040.69
7.37647435.27ThermoFisherTMO0.333622.18-8.52
-19.4618076.76ThomsonReutersTOMX2.580106.21-1.47
8.8634.90139.34T-MobileUSMMM1.117443.34-4.49
-1.0145.6422.26ToastTOST...4535.15-0.02
8.13168.36123.14TollBrosTOL0.712146.021.09
25.80105.1967.64ToroTTC1.62999.03-0.42
28.72125.4772.73TorontoDomBkTD2.618121.250.16
31.9487.7739.48TotalEnergiesTTE...dd69.350.07
77.15319.9456.54TowerWindsTSEM3.282208.01-11.84
-9.15248.90166.10ToyotaMotorTM2.79194.482.48
-30.5762.8728.36TractorSupplyTSCO2.81834.720.02
1.24127.6991.42TradewebTW0.526108.870.77
15.35505.87348.06TraneTechTT0.934448.96-5.35
-10.24133.33103.23TransDigmTDG...dd118.97-0.51
-0.0995.5063.37TransUnionTRU0.62385.671.00
27.53398.69252.26TravelersTRV1.410369.900.57
-22.1384.4247.92TrimbleTRMB...dd61.01-0.53
-36.9478.9938.04Trip.comTCOM0.0745.350.74
2.4856.2040.78TrustFinlTFC4.11250.430.13
7.1729.0010.00TwilioTWLO...dd27.78-3.59
345.71155.4423.30TwistBluSciTWST...dd141.38-11.72
-16.74566.58270.71TylerTechTYL...50377.948.06
-5.4969.4850.56TysonFoodsTSON3.73355.400.05
18.5555.1536.30UBS GroupUBS1.31954.900.54
1.204232.94UDRUDR4.72437.120.04
36.4061.4541.14UltaHaulUTHAHL0.04644.590.18
29.2966.9039.62U-Haul NUHALB0.341560.450.38
-5.62107.5461.64UL SolutionsULS0.83074.43-1.12
25.68153.32103.38UMB FinbUMBG1.4214144.590.05
42.42111.4269.88US FoodsUSFD...33107.27-0.51
-3.54101.9965.41UberUBER...dd78.821.87
8.13505.05305.91UiTimeUI0.73858.356.99
10.7419.849.20UiPathPATH...3018.15-0.19
-14.46714.97443.60UltaBeautyULTA...19517.50-22.60
-0.5074.9754.75UnileverUL3.52265.070.65
32.89315.99210.84UnionPacificUNIP1.8525307.41-0.26
-1.09138.7784.64UnitedAirlinesUAL...10110.60-1.79
15.13108.5671.56UnitedMicroUBRO1.61978.790.73
6.19122.4182UPS BUPS6.25201105.33-0.25
27.301179.18701.59UnitedRentalsURI0.752011030.25-7.26
17.0766.0845.02US BancorpUSB3.31262.470.07
5.79609.35302.19UnitedTherapUTHR...18515.46-12.45
19.04461.62255.97UnitedHealthUNH2.425392.95-2.10
-1.8824.9810.85UnitedSoftwareUWSA...dd23.31-0.12
21.26246.32140.08UniversalHealthBUHS0.57171.66-0.92
20.0694.5568.70UnumGroupUNM2.22293.050.60
-8.0033.9125.75VICI PropVICI7.01025.870.10
15.3517.9410.08ValeaPharmaVALEO...14553.22-0.08
116.4549.9949.52ValeroEnergyVLO1.4515352.265.77
23.30210.50148.04VeriSignSystemsVERI...dd166.69-5.44
18.65101.6066.38VentasVTR2.33891.61-1.88
107.9217.625.72VentureGlobalVG0.71114.18-0.30
-1.22109.8680.03VeraltoVLO0.552598.560.19
20.16312.48208.86VeriSignVRSN1.132291.93-2.80
-14.27273.83147.95VeriskAnalyticsVRSK1.0929191.770.72
23.0158.8838.39VerizonVZV5.61650.100.67
19.48555.69374.71VertexPharmVRTX...52541.69-5.86
58.68379.94118.70VertivVRTV...0.158.27.08-12.20
95.5093.0326.10ViaSatVSAT...dd67.33-5.36
31.2418.399.43ViatrisVTRS2.9dd16.34-0.55
105.0590.4711.09VivriSolutionsVIAV...dd36.54-1.95
23.31118.9984.00VikingVIK...dd46.50-1.51
14.3751.1335.10ViperEnergyVNOM5.53644.18-44.09

WXYZ

0.72119.91102.95WEC EnergyWEC3.621106.22-0.06
9.5677.2263.08W.P.CareyWPC5.32470.510.13
36.91306.64184.26WabtecWAB0.439292.23-5.05
7.47135.1695.70WalmartWMT1.031103.890.46
-0.17-1.15-1.04WiproDrosAWBDdddd-0.77-0.13
-8.6135.4223.34WarnerMusicWMG2.92228.03-0.16
-5.38185.33146.89WasteConnectionsWCN0.40165.930.25
-0.02248.13194.11WasteMgtWM1.731219.661.90
9.18426.22282.77WatersWAT...104414.69-6.57
7.77459295.75WatscoWSO4.227310.76-2.29
32.70154.50295.75WatersWaterWTS0.723104.34-6.00
3.34119.9855.60WayfairW...dd103.76-1.25
-6.9897.7672.78WellsFargoWFC2.31386.691.72
28.26255.20163.75WelltowerWELL1.4dd238.07-1.53
37.52385.37203.40WescoIntlWCC0.623336.42-14.24
22.65386223.83WestPharmSvcsWST0.343337.47-8.62
164.59138.87100.00WesternDigitalWDC1.120100.45-2.50
22.2850.0736.90WesternMidstrmWES7.71548.300.49
2.39124.2356.33WestlakeWLKdd2875.711.78
-0.2127.7521.16WeyerhaeuserWY3.63623.64-0.06
30.47165.7692.56WheatonPrecMtlsWPM0.534153.33-4.66
22.6680.0856.09WilliamsWMB2.82973.73-0.46
31.64254.89165.51Williams-SonomaWMA1.324238.09-3.31
4.61240.00240.00TowerTWT...dd240.000.75
9.39167.22119.61WintrustFinlWTFC1.412152.95-0.03
-35.923.091.75WiproWIT6.0131.820.02
11.3617.4710.36WiseWSE......13.04-0.08
47.9225.1914.27WoodsideEnergyWDS4.91423.06-0.23
13.06450.92233.31WoodwardWWD0.924341.81-4.54
-47.82188.80108.80WiproFinlWIF3.48133.331.71
-4.68249.85110.36WorkdayWDAY...42204.7211.15
-20.83134.7292.52WynnResortsWYNN1.02395.261.65
38.74232.05121.48XPOXPO...55188.56-3.05
3.5184.2371.29XcelEnergyXEL3.12476.45-0.71
-43.1528.2311.06XpengXPEV...dd11.550.20
-18.26154.27105.29KylemXYL1.526103.31-1.35
38.8357.4922.82YPLYPF0.01057.20-0.28
1.71170.14137.33YumBrandsYUM1.919153.863.11
-5.7058.3940.15YumChinaYUMC2.61745.020.11
2.9226.2017.74ZTO ExpressZTO3.11221.500.31
46.80386.23199.05ZebraTechZBRA...33356.45-4.66
-14.88149.12109.12ZebraBiometZBHIB1.023119.911.47
15.7873.3446.19ZionsBancorpZION2.8967.78-0.13
-38.53156.4971ZoetisZTS2.71773.342.32
14.07114.7470.70ZoomCommsZM...998.43-1.84
-18.09336.99114.62ZscalerZS...dd184.23-3.07

Mutual Funds

Data provided byLSEG

Top 250 mutual-funds listings for Nasdaq-published share classes by net assets. e-Ex-distribution. f-Previous day's quotation. g-Footnotes x and s apply. j-Footnotes e and s apply. k-Recalculated by LSEG, using updated data. p-Distribution costs apply, 12b-1 r-Redemption charge may apply. s-Stock split or dividend. t-Footnotes p and r apply. v-Footnotes x and e apply. x-Ex-dividend. z-Footnote x, e and s apply. NA-Not available due to incomplete price, performance or cost data. NE-Not released by LSEG; data under review. NN-Fund not tracked. NS-Fund didn't exist at start of period.

FundNAVNet ChgYTD %Ret
AB Funds
MunilncmShares10.94-0.021.2
American Century Inv
Ultra99.31-0.925.5
American Funds CI A
AmcpA46.00-0.067.8
AMutlA65.30-0.0710.5
BalA41.03-0.0910.1
BondA11.09-0.03-0.5
CapIBA84.55-0.0611.3
CapWGrA82.99-0.2216.9
EupacA65.25-0.1414.1
FdlnVa103.97-0.2415.2
GwthA88.57-0.3910.1
ICAA69.60-0.0111.9
IncoA28.41-0.0410.2
N PerA76.18-0.187.9
NEcoA86.57-0.4919.2
NwWrldA106.88-0.3016.5
SmCpA83.52-0.9414.0
WshA68.95+0.0410.6

Artisan Funds

Friday, August 28, 2026

FundNAVNet ChgYTD %Ret
IntlVal InstNA...NA
Baird Funds
AggBdlnst9.67-0.03-0.1
CorBdlnst10.04-0.020.1
IntBdlnst10.31-0.030.3
ShtTbDlnst9.44-0.021.3
BlackRock Funds
HiYBlk7.12-0.012.9
HiYldBd Inst7.12...2.9
BlackRock Funds III
iShS&P500IdxK879.57-2.51-2.2013.5
BlackRock Funds Inst
StratincOpptylns9.67-0.022.1
Calamos Funds
MktNeutl16.31...4.3
CausewayInst
CausewayInst 26.10......11.1
Columbia Class A
SelgComunInfoA240.80-3.4553.7
Columbia Class I
DivIncom I40.91+0.0813.7
Dimensional Fds
FundNAVNet ChgYTD %Ret
EmgMktVa45.60+0.0123.6
EmMktCorEq34.79-0.1720.6
IntlCoreEq23.12-0.1315.4
IntlVal33.32-0.0618.1
IntSmCo28.70-0.2313.4
IntSmVa36.07-0.2418.1
LgCo51.20-0.1313.5
US CoreEq156.67-0.2014.9
US CoreEq250.60-0.2015.0
US Small61.73-0.5618.7
US SmCpVal62.56-0.1322.1
US TgdVal44.32-0.1220.8
USLgVa68.44+0.0422.5
Dodge & Cox
Balanced14.24+0.037.5
Income12.56-0.04-0.1
Intl Stk18.76-0.0214.0
Stock18.36+0.0912.5
DoubleLine Funds
TotRetBdl8.65-0.03-0.3
Fidelity
FundNAVNet ChgYTD %Ret
500IdxInstPrem268.33-0.6613.5
Contrafund K637.60-0.1510.5
EmgMktldInstPre16.91-0.1423.6
ExtMktldInstPre117.16-1.6316.4
FidSer57.46-0.05-0.1
FidSerInt8.36-0.01-0.1
FidSerToMarket25.23-0.0913.9
FIDZroLgCplx27.63-0.0813.2
GlexUSldInstPre21.84-0.1117.0
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CAROLYN FONG FOR WSJ

Nvidia Uses Deep Pockets To Keep AI Boom Rolling

BY ANISSA GARDIZY AND ROBBIE WHELAN

Nvidia was closing in on a landmark agreement to help OpenAI secure one of the world's largest planned datacenter projects when Colette Kress, the chips firm's chief financial officer, pumped the brakes.

Concerned about negative investor reaction to a Wall Street Journal report that Nvidia was in talks to financially guarantee a project expected to cost more than \$500 billion, Kress pushed for a scaled-back deal, according to people familiar with the matter. In the end, Nvidia agreed to backstop less than half of the original amount discussed.

It was a tactical retreat—but on the broader strategy of using its balance sheet to bolster the AI boom, Nvidia shows no signs of giving ground.

On Wednesday, the world's only \$5 trillion company reported its second-quarter earnings, which included the blockbuster mic drop that the company expects its revenue to grow much faster than Wall Street analysts had been expecting. Shares climbed in after-hours trading en route to a \$442 billion gain Thursday. The company's shares retreated nearly 4.6% on Friday.

Nvidia executives seized on the positive vibes created by the revenue news to offer a full-throated, affirmative argument for the company's growing use of financial guarantees, equity investments and other mechanisms to help its customers buy artificial-intelligence chips in ever greater quantities.

Kress name-checked some of Nvidia's biggest recent actions, including the data-center project, located on federal land in Ohio; an initiative with six major Wall Street investment firms to provide \$500 billion in financing for chip purchases; a deal to provide “selective credit enhancement” to enable an unnamed AI lab to buy 2 gigawatts of computing

Kress said that Nvidia has invested nearly \$50 billion in frontier AI labs.

power; and credit support for neo-cloud companies that agree to share some revenue with Nvidia. (Some of the revenue-sharing agreements have been paused, the Journal reported.)

Kress also said that Nvidia has invested nearly \$50 billion in frontier AI labs.

“We recognize the scale of this support, and we know some will call this circular financing. We see it differently,” she said.

How does Nvidia see it?

OpenAI, Anthropic and other so-called frontier labs, Kress said, are “growing faster than what their balance sheets and credit profiles can support.” They are juicing revenues at unprecedented rates, but the growth can only continue as long as they can secure ever-greater amounts of computing power, which they will have trouble doing on their own as long as they lack the ability to borrow huge sums of money at competitive rates.

Until they can do so, Kress said, “Nvidia is needed to help power this flywheel.”

In contrast to the 5% share-price slide that followed news of Nvidia's planned Ohio backstop, investors greeted Kress's Wednesday remarks with an $8.7\%$ jump—good for the second-largest one-day market cap gain in history.

John Belton, a portfolio manager at Gabelli Funds, said the financing initiatives are geared toward accelerating the AI data center build-out and reducing borrowing costs for smaller cloud companies, but called them “polarizing for the stock” because of ongoing market concerns about circular financing. Still, helping customers afford data centers probably makes good sense, he said.

“It is unlikely that this debate will be resolved anytime soon,” Belton said. “But for now, they should support revenue and earnings upside both near- and medium-term.”

The ultimate expression of Nvidia's flywheel strategy might be the data-center project in Portsmouth, Ohio. At its planned size of 10 gigawatts, it would be the largest such facility in the world—with Nvidia providing financial support to each of the major players involved, in some cases at multiple levels.

To help SoftBank's SB Energy raise debt to build the campus, Nvidia agreed to backstop a portion of the completed value of the site, up to \$105 billion. In return, it has the exclusive right to provide chips for the first half of the project. Nvidia is expected to provide financing for the chips OpenAI will need to buy, with purchases expected to total \$350 billion for the full build-out.

The day of that announcement Chief Executive Jensen Huang put it plainly in an X post. “Is this circular financing?” he wrote, before answer-

Breaking down the OpenAI-Nvidia deal

In the Ohio deal, Nvidia has propped up each player at every level of the AI ecosystem to sustain continued growth. OpenAI signs the lease, SB Energy builds the data center, and Nvidia's GPUs are provided to the data center.


Sources: staff and news reports
DREW AN-PHAM/WS.

ing, "No."

Huang compared the financial guarantee to the same strategy Nvidia applies to managing its supply chain. “We secure critical inputs when we have visibility into customer demand and when doing so enables long-term productive capacity,” he said.

With Anthropic planning an IPO as soon as September and OpenAI expected to follow next year, the need for credit back-stops on their chip buys should lessen over time. Immediately after SpaceX went public, it was able to raise \$25 billion in a bond sale.

Other bottlenecks remain. Looming large among them is electricity. There, too, Nvidia is deploying its balance sheet to make sure customers have somewhere to plug in servers.

Nvidia has picked up its pace of investment in this area, with up to billions invested across several different firms. Nvidia's incentive is clear: The more power developers it works with, the more data centers that are specially built for its chips versus its competitors.

Gap Brand Is Back as Turnaround Bears Fruit

BY SUZANNE KAPNER

Gap has been building momentum for years. Now, investors are starting to believe in its turnaround.

The retailer's shares soared Friday after the company said sales at its name-sake Gap brand, excluding newly opened or closed stores, rose $10\%$ in the most recent quarter. Earnings beat analyst estimates and the company raised its earnings estimates slightly for the year.

The brand that set American style for much of the '90s and early 2000s is undergoing a renaissance. Product collaborations with celebrities such as Victoria Beckham and Hailey Bieber have fueled excitement, and designs by Zac Posen, the company's creative director, have appeared at the Met Gala, the Oscars and other red-carpet events in recent years.

"When great product is paired with compelling storytelling and disciplined execution, it creates a powerful flywheel of customer engagement and brand momentum," Gap Inc.'s Chief Executive Richard Dickson told analysts on Thursday after the company reported financial results.

Gap defined the way a generation of Americans dressed and was a cultural touchstone for nearly two decades, under the direction of then-CEO Mickey Drexler. It made khakis cool with its television commercials that showed models dancing in them to swing music. Its basics became a thing of celebrity stardust when Sharon Stone wore a Gap T-shirt to the 1996 Oscars. And its ads starring Madonna, Spike Lee and other luminaries styling Gap's classic T-shirts and denim their own way resonated with shoppers: They too could make the look their own.


Richard Dickson, who was named CEO of the parent company in 2023 has made the brand relevant again by collaborating with celebrities and stocking more trendy products.

But sales slumped in the early 2000s and Drexler was forced out. Subsequent CEOs weren't able to reignite the magic—until now.

A turnaround took hold soon after Dickson was named CEO of the parent company in August 2023. A former Mattel executive, who helped revive Barbie, Dickson began making the brand relevant again by collaborating with celebrities and hot brands, having more on-point marketing and more trend-worthy products. Same-store sales have grown for 11 consecutive quarters.

The latest results sent shares up 13% Friday to \$23.48. It was the biggest jump in more than a year.

The company's other brands have fared less well recently. At Old Navy, its largest division by sales, same stores sales fell $4\%$ in the most recent quarter. Dickson said the brand had missed the mark in key summer categories such as dresses, shorts and bathing suits and that its marketing failed to drive enough business.

“We made some assortment and pricing decisions that impacted our value equation,” Dickson said.

He added the team has been working to address the shortcomings and has seen improvements in August. It also shook up its management.

Haio Barbeito, Old Navy's president and CEO, will move into an advisory role as of Nov. 2. He will be replaced by Michael Francis, who joined Old Navy in 2026 as chief customer officer and head of marketing shared services.

Banana Republic same-store sales rose 3%. Athleta same-store sales dropped 12%, as it has lost ground to newer rivals.

Overall sales at the parent company fell 2% to \$3.65 billion, compared with \$3.73 billion a year earlier.

Memory-Chip Crunch Buoys China's CXMT

BY YANG JIE AND SHERRY QIN

Blockbuster earnings from CXMT, one of China's biggest memory chip-makers, provides the latest evidence of how semiconductor companies are cashing in on the global memory shortage caused by the artificial-intelligence boom.

ChangXin Memory Technologies' results—the first since its Shanghai listing last month—showed a swing to profit for the first half of the year, and a nearly tenfold rise in revenue.

That underscores the rapid rise of the Hefei-based company, which is at the forefront of China's push for self-sufficiency in the chips that power AI.

CXMT said Friday that revenue soared to 150.31 billion yuan, equivalent to \$22.36 billion, in the six months ended June. That beat the company's 110 billion yuan-120 billion yuan estimate. Net profit reached 77.61 billion yuan, also topping guidance.

The strong results are an example of just how quickly the global memory shortage has turned into a windfall for chip makers.

Artificial-intelligence companies have been aggressively securing memory chips for data centers, tightening global supply and pushing prices higher.

Research firm TrendForce estimates that contract prices for server dynamic random access memory rose 64% in the second half of 2025, and sees scope for a further 270% climb this year.

Investor enthusiasm for semiconductor stocks has been equally buoyant. Shares of CXMT more than quintupled in their July trading debut, and the company has overtaken Tencent to become China's most valuable listed company, with a market capitalization now nearing \$600 billion.

Founded in 2016 with state backing, CXMT has become a cornerstone of China's semiconductor ambitions, and is now the world's fourth-largest manufacturer of DRAM memory.

As Beijing's rivalry with the U.S. intensifies, investors are betting that Chinese customers will increasingly replace foreign memory chips with domestic alternatives.

Morgan Stanley expects that CXMT's share of global DRAM bit shipments will rise to $15\%$ by 2030 from $11\%$ this year, driven by strong demand from China's AI infrastructure build-out and capacity expansion.

Supply constraints may also draw overseas clients toward CXMT, even with uncertainty over U.S. export restrictions. Asked recently about easing restrictions to tap Chinese memory chip makers, Apple Chief

Executive Tim Cook told the Wall Street Journal that all options need to be on the table.

CXMT is pushing to accelerate mass production of its next-generation low-power memory chips—the kind typically designed for premium smartphones and other AI-enabled devices—as it races to narrow the gap with larger rivals.

Despite its meteoric rise, CXMT has a long way to go if it wants to crack the top three: Samsung Electronics, SK Hynix and Micron control more than 90% of the global DRAM market, and CXMT lags behind in advanced AI memory products.

Analysts' estimates have the Chinese company trailing the industry leaders by two or three generations. CXMT's long-term success will depend on how quickly it can narrow the technology gap while expanding capacity to meet growing AI demand, they said.

Andreessen Horowitz Fund Tackles Supply Bottlenecks in AI

BY KATE CLARK

Fifteen years after Marc Andreessen famously declared that “software is eating the world,” his venture-capital firm Andreessen Horowitz is making a big bet on hardware.

Andreessen Horowitz has raised \$1.1 billion for its first dedicated hardware-infrastructure fund, dubbed Machine Age, which will focus on investments in artificial-intelligence processors, memory chips, networking equipment, data storage and robotics, among other areas.

"The simplistic way to think about it is things that are within the four walls of the data center, this fund would do," said Raghu Raghuram, a tech-industry veteran who started his career at internet pioneer Netscape, where he worked alongside Andreessen, then later served as chief executive of VMware before joining Andreessen Horowitz as a general partner last year.

Raghuram will make investments from the new fund alongside general partner Martin Casado, who also leads the firm's software-infrastructure fund, as well as other partners.

Andreessen Horowitz has made investments in hardware companies in the past, including SpaceX and Anduril, but “it was never a main focus,” said Casado, who joined Andreessen Horowitz in 2016 after founding software startup Nicira and serving as an executive at VMware following its acquisition of the startup. “Our primary focus has always been software.”

That has changed as a result of growing bottlenecks in AI infrastructure and an influx of founders building in the space amid the AI boom.

“Every time we have one of these technical epochs, it puts pressure on the infrastructure, but none of us have ever seen it this dramatic,” said Casado. “Every aspect of the hardware supply chain is capacity constrained, from chips to memory all the way down to power."


Marc Andreessen and his wife.

The VC industry has made a huge push into companies contributing to the physical build-out of AI, as it becomes increasingly clear that sustaining AI's fast growth will require significantly more infrastructure. Casado said Andreessen Horowitz decided to raise a stand-alone fund after noticing how many talented founders were building hardware companies.

"Our north star tends to be the founders and what the founders find interesting," said Casado. "In the last few years, there has just been a tremendous amount of founder activity in hardware."

Semiconductor and autonomous-machine startups have raised roughly \$100 billion from investors over the past year, according to PitchBook data. Venture-backed infrastructure startups have notched a string of exits recently, fueling enthusiasm for the space. Chip company Cerebras completed a blockbuster initial public offering in May, and Groq, another chip startup, licensed its technology to Nvidia in a \$20 billion deal late last year.

The fresh funding also represents a return to form for venture capital, Raghuram said. "If you look at the history of Silicon Valley, the original venture capitalists were all people that came out of the original semiconductor companies and underwrote semiconductor investments for a long time," Raghuram said.

Andreessen Horowitz's new fund represents a very small portion of over \$100 billion in assets under the firm's management, according to a recent regulatory filing. In January, the venture-capital powerhouse raised over \$15 billion for a new set of funds, including \$6.75 billion for late-stage investments and over \$1 billion each for three strategies: American Dynamism, which focuses on companies that support American interests; AI applications; and software infrastructure.

JORDAN STRAUSS/INVISION/AP

Andreessen Horowitz is one of the most active startup investors and has heavily invested in the rise of AI, from OpenAI and Thinking Machines to Cursor, the AI coding company that was sold to SpaceX in a \$60 billion deal.

Casado shrugged off concerns of an AI bubble or impending correction, saying that while valuations in some areas are likely to come down, overall demand continues to grow.

Andrew Ludwick

BUSINESS & FINANCE

Google Tweaks Site-Ranking Rules In Europe to Avoid Antitrust Fine

BY MAURO ORRU

Alphabet's Google said it was changing how certain websites with third-party content rank in search results across most of Europe, a move to appease antitrust regulators and avoid a potentially hefty fine.

The company in 2024 introduced a policy to hide parts of websites or entire pages in search results once a human reviewer had determined that elements on the site didn't comply with Google's spam policies.

The group said its site-reputation policy was aimed at improving search quality, preventing third parties from publishing content on a trusted website without close oversight from its owners just to exploit that site's good reputation to rank higher in search.

However, the European Commission, the executive arm of the European Union, said in November last year that Google was demoting websites from news organizations and other publishers in its search results when those pages included content from commercial partners.

EU officials opened a probe into a potential breach of the

Digital Markets Act, a law that allows the bloc to fine offenders up to 10% of their annual global revenue, or even up to 20% in case of repeated infringements.

Google said Friday that it was changing how it enforces its site-reputation policy within the European Economic Area, which includes all 27 EU member states as well as Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

The company said that, starting Aug. 30, actions taken against websites won't affect search results for users inside the EEA, though the affected portion of a site may be separated in Google's systems so that it ranks independently from the rest of the site over time. Actions taken against websites will continue to affect search results outside the EEA.

“While we remain concerned that an overbroad application of the DMA could prevent us from addressing real threats to the integrity of our search results, we believe this approach enables us to combat attempts to manipulate search results for our users,” Google said.

An EU spokesman said the bloc welcomed the change to the policy.

China's Meituan Returns to Profit

BY TRACY QU

Meituan returned to profit in the second quarter as China's top food-delivery company recovered from a bruising price war in the world's second-largest consumer market.

The results snapped a three-quarter streak of losses for the Chinese shopping-and-delivery platform, which is battling Alibaba Group and JD.com to defend its market leadership in food delivery.

Beijing-based Meituan on Friday said its net profit was 2.155 billion yuan, equivalent to \$320.6 million, for the three months ended June. That compared with the 6.82 billion yuan loss it recorded in the first quarter and net profit of about 365 million yuan in the year-ago period.

Revenue jumped 14% from a year earlier to 104.64 billion yuan, accelerating from the 5.6% growth in the previous quarter.

Both figures beat market expectations. Analysts had estimated a net loss of 1.43 billion yuan on revenue of 101.56 billion yuan, according to a FactSet-compiled consensus.

"As the food-delivery industry gradually shifted back to operational efficiency, both our order mix and user mix continued to improve," Meituan said.

Revenue from the core local commerce segment rose 10%, helping the company turn an operating profit for the second quarter.

The new initiatives division, which includes overseas businesses, narrowed operating losses as revenue climbed $25\%$ on progress in the company's expansion abroad.

Meituan said its Keeta platform maintained robust growth momentum. “In Hong Kong, the business achieved stable profitability, while the Middle East market continued to see sequential efficiency improvements,” it said.

DBS analysts earlier raised their 2026 and 2027 earnings forecasts for the company by 4% and 6%, respectively, citing an improved food-delivery business. Meituan stands to gain from a recovery in margins as key competitors reduce subsidies and redirect resources away from food delivery, they said in a note.

China Galaxy International said unit economics at Meituan's food-delivery unit also likely turned profitable in the second quarter as it cut back subsidies.

Meituan's Hong Kong-listed shares were unchanged Friday, leaving year-to-date losses at about $25\%$ .

Overseas Growth Powers Rebound In BYD's Profit

BY JIAHUI HUANG

BYD's net profit rebounded despite slightly lower revenue in the second quarter, showing that the world's top electric-vehicle seller may have turned a corner with the help of its rapid expansion overseas.

China's leading carmaker has been working to put soft domestic sales in its rearview mirror following an intense price war and slowing demand in the world's largest auto market.

Its exports now account for a rising share of total sales volume as the EV maker bets on its overseas growth, especially in Europe and Latin America, to drive its next phase of expansion.

The Shenzhen-based company said Friday that net profit for the first half of 2026 fell 21% from a year earlier to 12.33 billion yuan, equivalent to \$1.83 billion. Revenue fell 7.1% to 344.82 billion yuan.

But second-quarter net profit was 8.25 billion yuan—a 30% jump from a year earlier—given net profit of 4.08 billion yuan in the first quarter, a Wall Street Journal calculation showed.

Quarterly revenue was 194.59 billion yuan, given

BYD quarterly net profit 15 billion Chinese yuan


Note: 1 billion yuan = \$148.8 million
Sources: S&P Capital IQ; the company

revenue of 150.23 billion yuan in the preceding three months, declining 3.2% from the previous year.

Both figures fell short of market expectations. Analysts had expected net profit of 8.99 billion yuan on revenue of 216.55 billion yuan for the three months ended June, according to a Visible Alpha-compiled consensus.

The results come as BYD's growth engine is shifting overseas, where the company has found faster growth and higher margins.

Margins stood at 18.85% in the first half, up from 18.01% a year earlier.

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Generali Mulls \$10 Billion Offer From Suitor for Its Private Bank

BY JOSHUA KIRBY

Italy's Assicurazioni Generali said it is willing to consider a \$10.2 billion takeover offer for private bank Banca Generali from rival Monte dei Paschi di Siena, the latest attempt at consolidation in the country's banking sector.

MPS, considered Europe's oldest lender still in operation, launched a joint bid for Banca Generali and Banco BPM, offering 6.958 of its own shares for each Banca Generali share to value the bank at 8.72 billion euros, equivalent to \$10.16 billion. It said at the time the bid represented a 10% premium to Banca Generali's share price.

Assicurazioni Generali, Banca Generali's majority shareholder, said late Thursday that it “confirmed its willingness to evaluate MPS’s proposal, which envisages a broader industrial collaboration to develop new growth opportunities across strategically important business areas for both companies."

The insurer said it was studying the implications of the deal, which it said was unsolicited and hadn't been agreed ahead of being made public.

BPM earlier this week said MPS's bid, which values the bank at more than 25 billion euros, lacked a shareholder premium, according to an initial assessment. It said its board would continue to assess the offer.

The joint bid faces some daunting hurdles, including securing the backing of Assicurazioni Generali, Federated Hermes' Filippo Alloatti wrote in a note Thursday.

“Monte dei Paschi would need to win over several skeptical shareholders,” Alloatti said. MPS said the enlarged group would become Italy’s third-largest by total assets with a pro forma balance sheet of around 466 billion euros.

MPS's move follows its taking of majority control of lender Mediobanca following a surprise \$19 billion bid early in 2025. But other consolidation attempts among Italian banks have run aground on shareholder opposition and execution snarls. Mediobanca—itself Assicurazioni Generali's top shareholder—last year saw an offer for Banca Generali derailed by its own investors, who failed to approve the move after a top shareholder abstained from the vote.

MPS was itself the subject of a bidding war this summer when BPM and Intesa Sanpaolo launched rival merger bids, cementing Italy's place at the center of dealmaking in European banking. UniCredit, one of Italy's largest banks, has meanwhile been maneuvering to take control of Germany's Commerzbank, securing nearly half of the target bank's shares following a takeover push this year.

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In Memoriam

enterprise.

PALO ALTO, CALIF. - Andrew Kennedy Ludwick, co-founder of network-trailblazing SynOptics Communications, died at home in Palo Alto, CA, on June 2, 2026. He leaves behind his wife and 60-year partner, Worth, three children and their partners, nine grandchildren and myriad coast-to-coast friends.

Born in Beavercreek, Ohio, Andy studied Economics at Harvard University and earned his MBA from Harvard Business School. He knew computers would change the world, so early on set himself the goal of becoming a general manager of a technology business.

In 1985, he co-founded SynOptics Communications, which pioneered twisted-pair Ethernet and shifted enterprise market topologies. The resulting Local Area Networks enabled computers to talk directly to each other, paving the way for today's online world. As CEO, Andy led an outstanding team through years as Silicon Valley's hottest startup to a Fortune 500 company. When he retired in 1996, what was then Bay Networks was a \$9B

MEMORIAMS

For more information: wsj.com/inmemoriam

THE WALL STREET JOURNAL.

SynOptics was routinely celebrated by the financial press and trade journals as the definitive poster child for hyper-growth, hardware disruption, and market dominance during the early PC networking boom. Andy himself was widely respected for his leadership and exceptional standards of ethics. In 1990, Ernst & Young, Inc. magazine, and Merrill Lynch named him Entrepreneur of the Year, and Communications Week magazine named him an Industry Visionary as one of the 25 Most Influential Leaders. In 1996, Harvard Business School awarded him the Alumni Achievement Award.

He served on the boards of many public companies, including Zebra Technologies and Foundry Networks. Among many other contributions, he served on the Harvard College Dean's Council for Applied Engineering and Sciences, was an Advisory Board member for the Northern California Innocence Project, was a founding member of the 49ers Foundation Red & Gold Society, and was a member of the Board of Overseers of the Hoover Institution at Stanford University. A lifelong athlete and avid golfer, he and Worth were also regulars on the local bridge circuit.

Despite his wildly successful career, the numbers and accolades meant less to him than the impact SynOptics had on the world and that he had built a company with a stellar industry reputation. And he never lost the simple grace of his Ohio roots: principled, family-oriented, generous, humble and kind, all wrapped in a good-natured persona, with a smile that lit up the room.

Reflecting on his life, Andy said he'd made mistakes but had no regrets. His legacy is both leading the outstanding team that brought the world networked computers and a family that loved him deeply and is honored to carry forth to his nine grandchildren his values of integrity, family, patience and humility. He was an exceptionally good human, who is deeply missed.

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Juul Receives FDA Nod To Sell New E-Cigarette

BY KELLY CLOONAN

Juul Labs got the go-ahead from the Food and Drug Administration to sell a new version of its e-cigarette and tobacco- and menthol-flavored pods.

The privately held vapor company said its updated vaping device, the Juul2, offers what it is calling a more consistent vapor and nicotine delivery experience, and is designed to compete effectively with combustible cigarettes.

The FDA said its review of the company's application for the new device found that a substantial proportion of adult smokers completely switched from combustible cigarettes to the authorized Juul2 products, and at a higher rate for the menthol-flavored pod than the tobacco-flavored pod. “The added benefit to adults who smoke cigarettes is sufficient to outweigh the risks of the menthol-flavored product, including youth appeal,” the FDA said.

The company said it plans to file further applications with the FDA for other products targeted toward adult nicotine consumers, including 5% nicotine concentration products and a portfolio of flavors beyond tobacco and menthol.

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L3Harris Shake-Up Is a Chance to Bet on Missiles

Defense contractor's shares have had a punishing year on headlines that don't hurt its solid fundamentals

The abrupt departure of L3Harris's chief executive officer has landed the defense company's shares in the discount bin. But the company will be indispensable to rebuilding the stock of U.S. missiles, making the decline a rare buying opportunity.

Christopher Kubasik was pushed out last week after a probe into allegations of inappropriate conduct with a subordinate. Under Kubasik, L3Harris had won some eye-catching government deals, including a \$400 million overhaul of a Qatardonated jet for President Trump and a \$1 billion investment from the Pentagon into its missile segment.

L3Harris shares are down roughly 10% this year, underperforming a basket of its big U.S. defense prime peers by 20 percentage points. Its shares now trade at less than 16 times forward free cash flow, by far the cheapest and about a third lower than the basket of defense primes.

Sources: FactSet (performance); Jefferies (production)

Even before the Kubasik news, other shadows were hanging over L3Harris shares. The company recently postponed a planned spinoff of its prized missile business that makes solid rocket motors—a key component of interceptors—to at least mid-2027, citing unfavorable market conditions. Smaller military-tech stocks haven't fared well this year, a bad sign for a market debut. But the spinoff was supposed to be a catalyst to unlock value within L3Harris, so the postponement wasn't well received by investors.

Second, investors' general concerns about the defense sector weighed more heavily on L3Harris, which, unlike Boeing, RTX and General Dynamics, has minimal nondefense revenue. As the Iran war progresses, investors are growing more concerned about the possibility of a Congress under Democratic control that could make it more difficult for the Trump administration to push through astronomical Pentagon budgets.

The company's fundamentals still look solid, though. For one, L3Harris is, alongside Northrop Grumman, one of only two companies that make solid rocket motors at scale. These are a key component of missile interceptors such as the Patriot and Thaad missiles that the U.S. has significantly depleted over the course of the Iran war. Combined, the two companies make as many solid rocket motors in one day as what all the smaller manufacturers make in one year, according to Sheila Kahyaoglu, eq

PAC-3 MSE missile interceptors contain components made by L3Harris.

uity analyst at Jefferies.

Annual production of interceptors under Defense Department's framework agreements

Solid rocket motors are the “most critical thing that we’re most short of in the defense industry,” said Tony Bancroft, who manages the Gabelli Commercial Aerospace & Defense ETF, which holds L3Harris. Manufacturing the component is a complex process and involves handling hazardous materials such as propellants. New entrants haven't proved that they can transition from prototypes or limited production, according to a June report from the Center for Strategic & International Studies.

The U.S. has used about half of its prewar stock of interceptors, according to an estimate from CSIS. L3Harris has signed framework

agreements with the Defense Department to quadruple the production of propulsion components for Thaad and nearly triple the manufacturing of motors and products for the Patriot PAC-3 missile over seven years.

The company also has a highly profitable communication segment, with operating margins of 25%. The division makes tactical radios, data links and electronic warfare systems, the latter of which has become especially relevant in today's drone-heavy conflicts. L3Harris provides waveforms and radios that can help circumvent the type of electronic jamming that Russia has been using to disrupt Ukrainian drones. It also makes a low-cost weapons system—called Vampire—that can target drones. The segment has been seeing high demand from Europe.

In all, L3Harris expects its top line to grow to \$27 billion in 2028, representing an organic compound annual growth rate of 8%, a target that Wall Street analysts expect the company to exceed. That is a faster rate of growth than larger defense primes, most of which are expected to post compound annual growth rates in the 5% to 7% range, according to Visible Alpha.

Lastly, the leadership transition might not be as disruptive as the market thinks. Sam Mehta, the new CEO, was the heir apparent before his former boss's sudden exit, said Bancroft, who notes the succession was merely pulled forward.

L3Harris shares might be stuck in some kind of limbo until the company provides a clear line of sight on its missile-business spinoff. It is hard to predict when that will happen, but spinoff or not, L3Harris has a precious moat in a product that is desperately needed, with a growth rate that likely exceeds peers'. That is worth paying for, especially at a discount. —Jinjoo Lee U.S. ARMY

The Business Savvy of Dolly Parton

Continued from page B1

Imagination Library program says it has provided more than 330 million books to children to date, and she donated \$1 million to Vanderbilt University Medical Center in 2020 as it worked with Moderna to develop a Covid-19 vaccine. The singer's charity organization, The Dollywood Foundation, reported \$142 million in total assets for 2025.

Parton broke out in 1967, scoring her first hit, a biting number titled "Dumb Blonde," and then landing a gig with the country star Porter Wagoner. Performing regularly on his variety show introduced her to an audience of millions, and the pair pumped out popular duet albums. At the same time, "Porter was very stubborn and very set in his ways," Parton said in 2002. "I had to try so hard to get my ideas in there...I just wasn't being everything I knew I should be."

While Wagoner oversaw the recordings as her producer, dreaming up lyrics and melodies was her domain. “I knew early on that I wanted to have my own company and publish my own songs,” she wrote in “Dolly Parton, Songteller.”

In 1967, before she even scored a Top 10 hit as a recording artist, she launched that company with her uncle, Bill Owens. “This was an important move since it gave her (and Bill) control of the copyright of the material she wrote from 1967 onward,” Stephen Miller explained in “Smart Blonde: The Life of Dolly Parton.”

Not every star had this level of foresight—especially in the 1960s. As a young Beatle, Paul McCartney signed a songwriting deal that he regretted for decades. “John [Lennon] and I didn’t know you could own songs,” the bassist once lamented. The Rolling Stones suffered a similar fate: Keith Richards and Mick Jagger lost the rights to their early material.

Parton's strategic decision was likely helped by the fact that her career started slowly—she worked as a songwriter for several years, getting a hands-on music business education, before she gained attention as an artist. On top of that, the Nashville music industry was already established, and it valorized the professional songwriter as a key part of a well-oiled machine. In contrast, rock 'n' roll was a nascent genre.

Speaking with Andy Warhol in 1984 for Interview magazine, Parton said that controlling her songwriting was the accomplishment she was most proud of. Already at that time, she added, she didn't “have to work” thanks to a steady stream of songwriting royalties.

That turned into a gusher eight years later, when Whitney Houston covered “I Will Always Love You,” the very song Presley had coveted. The single has sold north of 11 million copies, according to the RIAA. The song also powered sales for the soundtrack to “The Bodyguard”—in which Houston starred opposite


Parton at Dollywood in 1993. She opened the theme park roughly 10 miles from the farm where she grew up as one of 12 children.

EXCHANGE


Dolly Parton and her producer, Porter Wagoner, circa 1968. As Parton would tell it, 'I knew early on that I wanted to have my own company.'

Kevin Costner—past 19 million. As the sole writer of “I Will Always Love You,” Parton earned a handsome sum in songwriting royalties.

Even back in the 1970s, she was keenly aware that pop hits like Houston's were bigger business than the country hits she was making. "To me it was simple arithmetic," she explained in her autobiography. "Jolene' had been a number-one song in the country market and had only sold sixty thousand records. A hit on the pop charts could sell millions...it was all about building a bigger audience."

Other country singers had enjoyed crossover success, including Patsy Cline and Glen Campbell. But Parton consciously set out to transform herself into a pop star. She hired an L.A.-based manager and recorded a single written by Barry Mann and Cynthia Weil, the husband-wife duo behind radio gold like The Righteous Brothers' "You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin."

Released in 1977, “Here You Come Again” became Parton’s first million seller. She later did even better with pop hits “9 to 5” and “Islands in the Stream” with Kenny Rogers, both of which topped the Hot 100. By the end of the 1970s, she told Playboy she was earning \$15,000 to \$30,000 a night.

Parton had come a long way: She remembered Wagoner paying her \$60,000 a year when she started.

In 1980, Parton followed in Presley's footsteps and headed to Las Vegas. She signed a three-year performance deal "guaranteeing record earnings," according to Miller. "Estimates varied between six and nine million dollars for the package, meaning that Dolly was making at least \$350,000 per week."

As Parton put it to Playboy, “Why should I work for hundreds and thousands when I can work for hundreds of thousands?”

That attitude led her to hunt for lucrative opportunities outside of music as well. “I make more money on my outside heartfelt investments like farm equipment, garden centers, than I do even from record royalties,” she said in 1984.

Two years later, the star opened Dollywood, a theme park in Pigeon Forge, Tenn.—roughly 10 miles from where she grew up as one of 12 children, working on a farm as a child along with her siblings. “That’s one of the dreams of my life: To be able to go back home to do something great for that part of the country,” she explained to Interview.

Before Parton got involved, the site of Dollywood was a theme park known as Silver Dollar City, where Miller worked. “Her vision of things was much bigger than we were used to,” he said. “We were running a theme park that got about 700,000 or 750,000 people in a year’s time. In the first year under her brand, we ended up almost doubling the attendance, and so it was a challenge to handle the crowds and the capacity. We immediately launched into redevelopment.”

In 1989, Parton noted proudly that she had created thousands of jobs in the region. A study released by the Tennessee government in 2021 put the number at 23,000, concluding that Dollywood had an annual economic impact of \$1.8 billion.

The park led, in turn, to the Dollywood Foundation, which initially focused on improving education and healthcare in Sevier County in Tennessee. To combat high dropout rates, the Foundation devised a buddy plan that incentivized children to stay in school by paying pairs of students \$500 each if they graduated.

Woman In Show Business”—noted that 2,500 children were participating in the program. It soon expanded across Tennessee, and eventually outside of the United States.

In 1995, it launched the Imagination Library program to furnish children under the age of 5 with free books on a monthly basis. A 1999 profile in the magazine No Depression—titled “The Smartest Working

\$1.8 billion Annual economic impact of Dollywood, according to a 2021 Tennessee state study

By 2021, the Imagination Library had distributed at least 150 million books. Earlier this year, Swift and Travis Kelce donated \$2 million to the effort.

Parton often swooped in when she felt people in Tennessee were suffering. In 2016, the Dollywood Foundation gave more than \$12 million to families who were displaced by the Smokey Mountain wildfires. And in 2020, she announced her gift to Vanderbilt to help fund research into a Covid-19 vaccine. “I’m a very proud girl today to know I had anything at all to do with something that’s going to help us through this crazy pandemic,” she told the BBC.

There were some setbacks, of course, as Parton built up her assorted businesses. To disentangle herself from Wagoner, she had to pay a seven figure legal settlement. Her 1984 movie “Rhinestone,” a romantic comedy with Sylvester Stallone, bricked at the box office. “Smart Blonde: The Life of Dolly Parton” highlights the two-year, \$44 million contract ABC gave her to host a prime-time variety show—only to cancel it after one season.

She tended to greet failure with a joke. Evaluating “Rhinestone” in her memoir she surmised, “I guess the public didn’t want to see Sylvester Stallone do comedy. Or maybe they didn’t want to see me do Sylvester Stallone.”

Then it was on to the next venture. “Every day I count my blessings,” Parton wrote. “Then I count my money.”


From left: Marc Rowan, Leon Black and Joshua Harris.
MR.NELSON DESIGN FOR WSJ, MICHAEL BUCHER/WSJ; LUCY NICHOLSON/REUTERS; MATT ROURKE/AP

Power, Betrayal and the Fall of Leon Black

A new book details the crisis behind the scenes at Apollo Global Management as the Epstein scandal unfolded

By William D. Cohan

W hen Leon Black, the founder of the financial behemoth Apollo Global Management, announced his retirement as CEO in January

2021, he was hoping for a clean succession.

He said he would leave the position by his 70th birthday at the end of July and remain chairman of the board of directors and Apollo's largest shareholder. Marc Rowan, one of the first employees at Apollo, would succeed him as CEO.

The plan had been set in advance. "This had nothing to do with Epstein," Black told me.

But the timing wasn't coincidental: Black's retirement news was made on the same day as the release of an independent report commissioned by Apollo about his relationship with Jeffrey Epstein. It found that Black had paid Epstein \$158 million for financial advice over five years but found no evidence of wrongdoing by Black.

"I asked for the damn investigation," Black said. "I asked for it because I knew I had done nothing wrong." Still, it was clear the report would lead to another deluge of negative publicity. "Social media takes over and says, 'Well, when there's smoke like that, there has to be fire,' " Black said.

Two months later, Black was out of the job early. On March 22, he announced that he would resign as CEO of Apollo effective immediately, some three months ahead of schedule, and that he would resign as the chairman of the Apollo board, also immediately.

Black would come to blame his messy downfall on one of his closest associates and a key member of Apollo leadership: Josh Harris.

BLACK STARTED APOLLO in 1990 shortly after the implosion of Drexel Burnham, once one of the most powerful firms on Wall Street before its notorious junk-bond king, Michael Milken, went to prison for securities and tax fraud. (Milken has since been pardoned by Donald Trump.)

Black was Drexel's head of mergers and acquisitions. With Apollo, he hoped to build a private-equity firm that could invest in bank debt, bonds, equity and hybrid securities.

One of his first hires was Rowan, a young associate from Drexel. And one of Rowan's first calls was to Harris, who was just starting his third month at The Blackstone Group after graduating from Harvard Business School.

Harris, then 25, had worked for Rowan, then 27, at Drexel. But the leap to a new firm was a tough decision. Even then, Blackstone was considered elite. A bunch of ex-Drexel guys in late 1990? Not so much. “Being from Drexel, you were tainted a little bit with Milken,” Harris recalled.

Still, Apollo offered the possibility to get in on the ground floor: Harris would be able to benefit from the firm's first \$400 million private-equity fund, whereas Harris said that at Blackstone, he had sort of missed the boat on the early investments. "I felt that Apollo had really smart people," Harris told me. "And that it would be more of a partnership for me personally."

His bet paid off. In 2007, as part of Black's decision to take Apollo public, Black named Rowan and Harris "cofounders." Together they built the firm into the Wall Street powerhouse it is today.

The three men accumulated totems of fabulous wealth: mansions in Manhattan and the Hamptons. Private jets and luxury boats.

Harris started collecting sports teams—first the Philadelphia 76ers, which he bought in October 2011 with a group of eight others for \$280 million, and later, the New Jersey Devils, as well as a big stake in Crystal Palace, the Premier League football club. In 2023, he led the group that bought the Washington Commanders for \$6 billion, then the highest price paid for an NFL franchise.

'Social media takes over and says, "Well, when there's smoke like that, there has to be fire."

Rowan began buying and revamping restaurants in the Hamptons and Long

LEON BLACK Apollo Global Management founder

Island. And after the 2008 financial crisis, he also co-founded Athene, an annuity insurance provider, with a \$16 million Apollo investment.

Black's main passion was art. His extraordinary collection includes sculptures by Alexander Calder and Henry Moore and paintings by Raphael and

Please turn to the next page

Inside

THE WRITE STUFF

Billionaire philanthropist MacKenzie Scott is getting back to her roots—writing fiction. C5

All That Jazz

Longtime musician Wynton Marsalis talks about his dad, his childhood and artistic integrity. C4

FIGHTING SPIRIT

Priya Parker writes that we need to argue smarter (and more) if we want to get along. C14

HAIRLESS HUNKS

Michael Ian Black on the manly desire to be buff, burly—and smooth-skinned. C5

Apollo's Epstein Fallout

Continued from the prior page

Vincent van Gogh. In 2012, Black paid \$120 million for one of his favorite pieces, an Edvard Munch pastel of “The Scream,” which he sees as the opening salvo in the art world’s Modernist movement. “That’s the first really iconic image of man turning into himself,” he said.

AROUND 2017, Harris first expressed interest to Black about being CEO. Black said he was startled, although not totally surprised.

Harris had been running Apollo day-to-day for years and was behind some of the firm's landmark private-equity deals, including the restructuring of LyondellBasell, a chemical company, for a profit of some \$10 billion, and Hostess, the snack-food company, for a profit of \$2.2 billion.

But Black resented what he saw as a power grab. He had no intention of giving up the job and felt strongly that if he did, it should go to Rowan.

By 2019, however, Rowan appeared to be retreating in the other direction. He was burned out from engineering a stock swap between Athene and Apollo and working on some of Athene's biggest deals to date.

“I basically spent six months working like an associate,” Rowan told me. He wanted to take a step back; Black insisted Rowan say he was on a “semi-sabbatical” lest people get the wrong idea about his future at Apollo—or at least the one that Black had in mind for him.

In the fall of 2020, while Rowan was still sequestered in the Hamptons and his other homes because of Covid, Black summoned him to his hundred-acre spread in Bedford, N.Y. They went on a five-mile walk together, in and around Leon's vast grounds. "Marc," Black recalled saying on the walk, "I'm not asking anymore." Apollo and Athene were now considering a merger, which would give Apollo the chance to be more like Warren Buffett's Berkshire Hathaway, still the holy grail for many Wall Street moguls for its ability to generate consistently high returns while having continuous access to long-term, patient capital.

"At that point," Black told me, "I didn't feel Josh was the right CEO. I didn't feel $I$ was the right CEO anymore." The firm was changing rapidly. Private equity was becoming less important at Apollo, while private credit and retirement insurance—Athene's domain—were becoming more central.

“Three people can’t run this business,” Rowan said he told Black on several occasions. “It’s just not productive. When you’re done, I’m happy to run the business.”

Later, Black invited Harris up to Bedford to break the news of his decision. Over drinks sex trafficking minors, Black tried to assuage growing concerns from analysts and investors. He wrote to Apollo employees that he was “completely unaware” of and “deeply troubled” by the conduct that prompted later criminal charges against Epstein.

But the furor mounting throughout 2020 and 2021 was too loud to ignore. First came the shocking revelation, in the New York Times, that Black had paid Epstein as much as \$75 million for consulting fees and services. (Some of the money also went to Epstein's charitable foundation.)

Black said he didn't realize he had spent that much because after an initial written contract with Epstein, all subsequent payments had been agreed to by handshakes between the two men.

Then, that estimate turned out to be low. The report commissioned by Apollo, which came to be known as the Dechert report for the law firm that produced it, dropped the bombshell that Black had actually paid Epstein \$158 million.


Clockwise from top: Leon Black, center; Marc Rowan; Josh Harris; and a pastel version of Edvard Munch's 'The Scream,' which set an auction record when Black bought it in 2012.

she would sign an NDA and agree not to sue him. By the time of Ganieva's tweets, Black had paid her about \$9 million.

On March 22, five days after her initial tweets, Black announced that he would resign as CEO and board chairman of Apollo effective immediately, some three months ahead of schedule. (The lawsuit brought by Ganieva against Black was dismissed in 2023 because she failed to demonstrate that the NDA was signed under duress; Ganieva and the law firm that initially represented her in the suit, Wigdor, didn't respond to a request for comment.)

I was incredulous that he would have such a loosey-goosey fee arrangement with Epstein, especially considering Black's Wall Street repuwith her or anyone representing her, has no financial or any other dealings with her or her representatives, and had no involvement of any kind in the filing of any claims by her.”

"I believe strongly that

Black's fury with Harris had been mounting even before Ganieva's tweets. He was enraged that Harris hired his own lawyers and PR consultants as the Epstein crisis engulfed Apollo. ("We were having a lot of governance discussions at that time," Harris told me. "It made sense for us to get lawyers, and there was lots of stuff in the press. So it made sense for us to get PR people.")

And Black seethed when he saw that Harris had been photographed in Central Park for a profile in The Wall Street Journal that ran with the headline, "A \$433 Billion Wall Street Giant Has a Reputation Problem. It's Josh Harris's Job to Fix It."

“St. Josh coming in to rescue the firm,” Leon said.

Rowan, who was in charge of the firm when Black filed his RICO complaint, didn't comment publicly on the volcanic fallout of his two former partners. A spokesperson for Apollo said to The Wall Street Journal at the time: "The legal dispute playing out between two former employees is unfortunate but won't impact our strategy, businesses, or mission."

cision. Over drinks, Black tried to impress upon him the magnitude of the potential opportunity that the Athene merger presented—and what it would mean for Harris's 59 million Apollo shares.

Leon Black characterized his decision to work with Epstein after 2008 as a terrible mistake.

he told Harris during this visit. "This is all about creating value. You should sit back like I'm sitting back and clip coupons because the stock is going to be \$150 a share."

IN JUNE 2022, a federal judge in Manhattan dismissed Black's RICO lawsuit with prejudice. "These nebulous and overtly conjectural allegations do not come close to knitting Ganieva, Harris, and Rubenstein together in any solid or coherent way in concerted acts towards a common end," the judge wrote.

“‘This isn’t personal,’” Black said

THE WALK AT BEDFORD came in the middle of a fraught time at Apollo. The fact that Black, with a fortune estimated then at around \$9 billion, had paid Epstein, a college dropout who had spent a few years at Bear Stearns, way more for tax and estate advice than what he would have paid at most reputable law firms had tongues wagging across Wall Street.

Black characterized his decision to work with Epstein after 2008, when Epstein pleaded guilty to state charges of solicitation of prostitution and procuring a person under 18 for prostitution, as a “terrible mistake.” “I wish I could go back in time and change that decision, but I cannot,” he said.

Harris was shocked. “I didn’t realize that it was an option for Marc to come back,” he said.

In the months after Epstein's 2019 arrest, for charges related to become co-CEOs. He also spoke with Apollo board members about his desire for the role. “I was leading, clearly leading,” Harris told me. “Like, with no one ahead of me.”

tation as a tough negotiator. In response, Black quoted Ralph Waldo Emerson to me: “A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds.”

Harris said the weekend before the Dechert report became public was a momentous one at Apollo. “I think the Dechert report depicted the facts, as they found them, as accurately as they could,” he said. “But there were certain questions that were left unanswered.”

Even before the Dechert report, Harris had been scrambling to contain the political

fallout. There was a lot of pressure on the company, Harris told me, to the point where “it was clear things couldn’t stay the way they were.”

He elaborated, “You’re managing fiduciary capital for millions of beneficiaries, plus public shareholders, and there are teachers, firemen and policemen. I remember a conversation with a guy who manages a teachers pension fund who said, ‘Whether or not there was anything here, a relationship with Jeffrey Epstein is disqualifying.’ You get calls like this from investors, a lot of pressure from investors. From public shareholders. From employees. From the press. From all the constituencies. It was getting to the point where it was harder to raise fiduciary capital.”

Over email, Harris had continued to push for Rowan and himself to

In March 2023, an appeals court affirmed the lower court's decision. In a recently concluded private arbitration, Black accused Harris of violating the terms of their shareholder agreement.

But Black had also spoken with Apollo board members and made certain Harris wouldn't get the job. "Ultimately, when I didn't get what I wanted," Harris said, "all of us chose Marc." He added: "My North Star was always what's the right thing to do for the company."

Black's succession plan announcement and the Dechert report came out on Jan. 25, 2021. On March 8, Apollo announced that it was merging with Athene in an all-stock deal that valued Athene at \$11 billion.

Then, on March 17, a former Russian model named Guzel Ganieva tweeted about Black: “I was sexually harassed and abused by him for years.” She added that she was “bullied, manipulated, threatened and coerced” by him. “I am breaking my silence now,” she concluded, “because I do not want this type of predatory behavior to continue happening to other women. #MeToo #LeonBlack.”

Apollo's best days lie ahead," Black said in a press release about his unexpected move. "I intend to remain Apollo's largest shareholder, and strongest supporter." Rowan said in the statement: "Leon has been a terrific partner and leader for over three decades and I am honored to take the reins." In a memo Harris wrote to Apollo employees that was viewed by The Wall Street Journal, Harris said: "Now is the right moment for this transition."

Black accused Ganieva of extortion, saying they had had a consensual affair. She sued for defamation. Black and his lawyers wrote in a detailed response to the lawsuit that Ganieva had dated Black for roughly six years, between 2008 and 2014, and then tried to get him to pay her some \$100 million in exchange for her silence about the affair. Over a series of lunches and dinners in New York City and in London—all of which Black secretly recorded—Black and Ganieva had settled on an arrangement: He would pay her \$21 million over 15 years. In exchange,

IN JANUARY 2022, Black laid out a treacherous conspiracy theory for his downfall.

He accused Harris—in an amended complaint to a RICO lawsuit he filed against Ganieva and unnamed co-conspirators—of working with Ganieva, Wigdor and one of Apollo's PR gurus, Steven Rubenstein, to hatch an “extortionate plot” designed to take him down.

“Like Shakespeare’s Iago, enraged by being passed over for promotion, he turned his wrath on his mentor and leader,” the complaint said, about Harris.

It was the only way Black seemed to be able to make sense of Ganieva's decision to blow up their agreement. "She did something so economically irrational and inexplicable that it would make no sense other than when understood in the context of defendants' scheme," the filing stated.

Harris vehemently denies the claims. “I never was involved,” he told me. “It was just made up.”

Black remains Apollo's largest shareholder, with some 85 million shares worth around \$11 billion these days. He runs Elysium, his family office on Park Avenue, and is focused on his art collection, including considering whether the Woolworth mansion, which he recently purchased, should house a museum open to the public. He was recently subpoenaed to appear Sept. 3 by House Oversight committee chair Rep. James Comer after refusing to answer questions the committee posed to him about nondisclosure agreements.

"These allegations and insinuations are desperate and absurd," a spokesman for Harris said to The Wall Street Journal at the time. "Mr. Harris doesn't know Ms. Ganieva, has never met or spoken

Rowan's Apollo contract expires in 2030. He has a succession plan lined up should he end up in Washington—he was briefly in the running to be President Trump's treasury secretary—or want to move on.

Harris left Apollo in January 2022 and started 26 North Partners, an alternative asset management firm with some \$37 billion under management. He is still involved in his ownership of sports teams and focused on trying to bring an NBA championship back to Philadelphia for the first time since 1983, when he was a Wharton undergraduate. (That probably explains why he worked hard to get both Jaylen Brown and LeBron James during the offseason.)

He said to watch what happened to him at Apollo, at the end, after 32 years with Black and Rowan, was “personally very upsetting” and “a lot to live through.” He said he’s thankful that he still owns Apollo stock and that Rowan has been an excellent steward of the firm. “I look at it and say, ‘Things happen for a reason,’ ” he said. “Thankfully, I got through that period of time. And now I have this great life, and I’m probably happier.”

William D. Cohan is the author of "Money to Burn: The Unvarnished Truth About Leon Black, Apollo, and the Rise of a New Wall Street."

At This Wall Street ‘Camp,’ AI Is the Unwelcome Guest

Between fishing outings and poker games at an exclusive wilderness getaway, veteran finance pros are spooked by artificial intelligence


REPORTING AND PHOTOGRAPHY BY HANNAH ERIN LANG

Grand Lake Stream, Maine arry Norton was a half-hour into his talk on scientific breakthroughs in artificial intelligence when he was asked the most important question on Wall Street.

The crowd of money managers, economists and other finance types had made their annual pilgrimage to this fishing mecca in Maine's wilderness, trading suits for T-shirts and cargo pants. As they drained their wine glasses in the wood-paneled dining room, Norton had them transfixed: The

longtime tech investor laid out how chip design would one day be so intricate and efficient that engineers would literally be moving molecules.

Then a hand went up: All these AI advances are costing U.S. companies trillions of dollars. Will there be a return on that investment?

“I can’t answer the question, and Wall Street can’t answer the question,” said Norton, standing in the corner of the room, replicas of fish and birds pinned to the walls behind him. “I don’t know that yet. I worry about that.”

You wouldn't know it from glancing at major stock

indexes or Micron's share price, but behind closed doors, Wall Street's anxiety about AI is reaching new heights.

Big tech companies that once had indestructible balance sheets are now cash-flow negative. The spending not shown on balance sheets is even greater. Expectations for revenue growth are off the charts and companies like OpenAI are struggling to keep up. The world's most valuable company, Nvidia, is nurturing an entirely new asset class to keep chip sales humming.

The paradox in the AI trade—investors are questioning the hype even as they pour money in—was everywhere at Camp Kotok, an invite-only weekend getaway for pros from across the finance world. On canoes, over coffee and around the poker table, attendees (or “campers,” as they are referred to here) debated whether the earnings from the big AI spending binge will materialize or if the market is headed for pain.

No one really knows. But no players are ready to take their chips off the table.

"The level of spending has gotten so extraordi-"

nary that we have no choice but to jawdrop at it and wonder how all of this is going to turn out," said Peter Boockvar, the chief investment officer at OnePoint BFG Wealth Partners and a longtime attendee of Camp Kotok. At the same time, he said, "there's a party going on. People don't want to leave early."

One evening, a frank debate played out over a poker game. There was definitely overinvestment in data centers, one camper argued. But wasn't that al-

'The level of spending has gotten so extraordinary.'

ways the case with a major new technology? Look at the internet or railroads, another argued: Each was marked by a wave of euphoria, then the eventual sorting of the winners and losers.

And what to make of Leopold Aschenbrenner, whose AI-focused hedge fund Situational Awareness was nearly destroyed by a selloff in some AI stocks just days before the Kotok gathering? He's a kid, some players shrugged. An inexperienced investor who had learned one of the market's most basic and painful lessons—borrow too much, get burned.

Later, some campers privately fretted that the downfall of Aschenbrenner's firm was something far more serious, said camp organizer and veteran money manager David Kotok. Maybe it was the kind of "cockroach" that JPMorgan Chase

PETER BOOCKVAR CIO at OnePoint BFG Wealth Partners

Chief Executive Jamie Dimon has warned about when talking about private credit—one problem that signaled there would be more.

The event itself is designed for these kinds of rambling discussions and unfettered hot takes. Kotok started bringing a group of market wonks up to this tiny town in

Maine some 25 years ago. Since then, the gathering has welcomed financiers, policymakers and subject-matter experts of all kinds, many of them handpicked by Kotok himself. “The Walden Woods for Wall Street,” one camper calls it. Or, more simply: “nerd camp.”

This lakeside resort, which some campers compare to Jackson Hole or Davos is where attendees say things they might not otherwise write in analyst notes or shout over CNBC airwaves.

The event follows the Chatham House rule, meaning attendees can reveal the topics of discussion but not the identities or affiliations of the speakers (the quotes in this article came from on-the-record exchanges).

Most regular attendees have decades of experience in markets. They have vivid memories of prior asset bubbles, from the fiber optic investment boom of the dot-com era to the mortgage-backed securities binge that planted the seeds of the global financial crisis.

The chatter can prove prescient. Fifteen years ago, campers were sitting down for the annual lobster night when the news broke that Standard & Poor's had downgraded Treasury debt, ranking U.S. government bonds below more than those of a dozen other countries.

That night, attendees whispered that this was only the beginning, that it was likely the country's finances would get much worse. Flash forward to this week, when gross U.S. debt surpassed \$40 trillion for the first time.

This year, no one could say whether the huge tech bets underpinning the bull market would play out the way investors hope. The AI anxieties weren't

Clockwise from top: Attendees go for a paddle at Camp Kotok; the fishing is good; Jaynee Lavecchia enjoys a lobster; Lisa McIntire Shaw and camp organizer David Kotok; and Matthew Tyrmand.

nearly so severe last summer, said Adam Phillips, head of investments at EP Wealth Advisors.

But much has changed since then: The bond market is struggling to absorb a quarter-trillion-dollar wave of AI debt. The country's economic growth rate is increasingly propped up by the effects of the investment boom.

That's focused a lot more attention on the timing of returns on AI spending, Phillips said. "Unfortunately, we're all in the same boat. The experts don't know," he said. "It's kind of unsettling."

That isn't to say that this group of Wall Street old-timers is bearish on AI as a useful technology. Over plates of fried fish at lunchtime or sitting on the back deck after dark, campers swapped tips on how they're integrating agentic tools into their own workflows.

One has the tool generate a daily briefing on the overnight markets. Another plugged in a strongly worded email and asked the agent if he would regret sending it (the answer was yes, and he held off).

Nobody is here to talk their book. But when pressed, campers let on that the market jitters are getting to them—a bit. Some have tweaked their portfolios, shifting from overweight positions in large-cap tech stocks to a more neutral stance. Others hinted that the time was right to diversify into other sectors of the S&P 500. But no one is really betting against the AI boom.

You can blame that in part on experience, Boockvar said—this group remembers a number of other Cassandras who got wiped out for calling the top too early. Most attendees were holding their doubts about AI in one hand and pressing “buy” with the other.

After all, the tech trade is in many respects the only game in town.

“Nobody wants to be left behind,” Norton said in an interview after his panel. “Every [technological] revolution we’ve gone through, everybody jumps in. And when the music stops, someone’s going to be holding the bag.”

EARN YOUR LUCK

Wynton Marsalis on Playing When Nobody Is Listening

As he ends his tenure at Jazz at Lincoln Center, he opens up about childhood trauma, artistic integrity and why music matters

BY HOLLY PETERSON

W ynton Marsalis learned early that jazz means keep on keeping on—even

when the audience is thin.

“Seeing my father play for no people sometimes, I understood it’s not a game. I would walk into a gig. It would be three people in the whole place listening. I’d say, ‘This is the gig y’all had, man, for three months?’ But they kept playing.”

At 64, Marsalis is still attracting appreciative crowds in his final year as managing and artistic director of Jazz at Lincoln Center in Manhattan, after a four-decade run. With 113 jazz and classical albums, he's sold more than seven million copies worldwide.

Growing up in New Orleans, Wynton was exposed to jazz in late-night clubs from age 2. Growing up with a celebrated father in the business would set him up to connect with such giants as Dizzy Gillespie, Art Blakey and Count Basie. “For a 13-year-old to hang with Sweets Edison and absorb his philosophy, how intelligent he was, and how much he believed in people. I was lucky,” he says.

At 14, he performed with the New Orleans Philharmonic. His success, was in part due to the mentorship of his older brother, jazz legend Branford Marsalis. After studying at the Juilliard School in Manhattan, Marsalis at age 22 became the first artist to win Grammys in classical and jazz categories at once—a feat he repeated the very next year.

A scholar of jazz and blues, he explains how sorrow and ecstasy, trauma and resilience, all of life's reverberations, are felt in every note he plays. And how family shaped him as a person. "My mama had to focus on my fifth brother, who was autistic, and she was already focusing on all six of us, all boys. I think it was educational just to see his travail. His presence drove it home to me that, 'Hey, we all come on Earth to deal with different things.'

The Pulitzer that Marsalis won in 1997 for his $2 \frac{1}{2}$ -hour jazz oratorio, "Blood on the Fields," was historic: Since the jury started honoring music in 1943, they'd never recognized jazz, only classical composers. After Marsalis won, the prize was awarded to Duke Ellington, John Coltrane and others. A poetic circle: Wynton followed the greats, and posthumously, they followed him back.

Where did your relentless drive come from?

It was always a natural drive for me. A lot of stuff came easy. What I tried to do, I generally could do, playing ball, fighting or school.

Did your wide-ranging aptitude come from confidence, or talent? I felt like it was just a spiritual thing. I grew up in tumultuous times, the 1960s; we pretty much grew up in segregation. Every-body was struggling. We all had different things we could do. And you work on things: If you have an aptitude for something, you're more inclined to work on it.

Talk about childhood resilience. There was so much trauma everywhere. That experience helped me to survive when I left New Orleans and came to New York. But even in bad environments when I was young, people were cool.

Give me an example of how people were kind amid the despair of the 1960s.

My father and his friends struggled to play the music they wanted, but they always took me around jazz musicians, always in clubs. Not fancy clubs but real dives. I liked to be the only kid in a place with adults late at night. People were colorful and funny and very loving toward a kid.

What aspects of your childhood were less loving?

If you had an academic aptitude, you had to struggle. It was a big problem. I went to one school, but it was segregated until [the Rev.

Martin Luther] King got killed. The first integration of my school was rough. My mama said, “If he sacrifices his life, I’ll sacrifice y’all for this.”

What role did luck play in your career?

I was very, very lucky. Just to be born to my parents. One time, one of my friends that I played football with said, “Man, can I come sit in your house to see what it’s like to have a daddy?” I was lucky to have an older brother. I was always in the wake of him. So he got the full blast of whatever it was. And he loved me. I could be a handful to deal with.

Do you think you earned your luck in your work? No, you earn the joy of working that discipline brings you.

There's a joy to being undisciplined, though.

My father and the jazz musicians of that generation were so open to people and to life. For example, somebody's getting high all the time; OK, so they enjoy being high. Two members of his band died of heroin overdoses. You're not guaranteed anything. The struggle for freedom can be freedom against anything. It can be freedom against yourself. It could be freedom from drugs. It could be freedom from an oppressive situation. It could be a situation that you'll never be free from.

Explain what happens when you and the band are playing as one, locked in improvisational magic. Jazz music is an expression and understanding of how hard stuff can be. True to the blues, jazz musicians accept toil and hardship with a style and a grace. You take one musician like Charlie Parker or Thelonious Monk. The complexity of what they're playing is unbelievable, and they do that on the fly, and the statement within it is still far, far heavier.

Tell me about group dynamics. Our great musicians spoke to the depth of the human spirit, and they believe in collective creativity. And so you get a power that's much greater than your own, and you begin to look on other human beings with the type of awe and respect that their humanness deserves.

The signals between you and the other players can be incomprehensible to us listening. You have to allow the music to express a deep belief, like what Negro spirituals express. It's not because the experience is sorrowful. It's the depth of the meaning people find in life when they confront unspeakable sorrows. We're there to give you a heartbreak that will heal the heart that is broken.

How are we to know that one section is meant as sorrow and the other as joy?

Jazz is the art of the invisible. It's thoughts, feelings, the ephemeral things that pass very quickly. You may have a thought of something that makes you happy, and then in the corner of it is dread you have about something else.

Tell me about the pressure to be a great musician. It's hard to put yourself in the flow of the rigors of all the great musicians that came before you and in your time. It can be cold and lonely

and hard if you choose to be a jazz musician.

What are some of the obstacles? You're trying to communicate something to a group that doesn't want you to communicate to them, but instead wants you to channel angsty teenage feelings. And you're working in a place that does not reward excellence. It rewards foolishness.

Why do artists who haven't yet found an audience keep trying? My father never complained. I remember when I was like 11, this club was closing at 2:30. It was like two o'clock. Nobody was in the club, and I said, "Let's go home, man." He never, ever told me to listen to music. But he said, "Why don't you sit your ass down and listen to some music for a change?" To this day, I think about him playing alone until his set finished. Why would somebody who could play as good as my father sit in a club and play for no one except their son? Because when something means something, it can mean something even without an audience.

She's Got the Right Stuff In Her MAGA Beauty Bag

BY KARA VOGHT

Conservative commentator Adrienne Gray has become the favorite makeup artist for Trump's inner circle

Sterling, Va. MAKEUP ARTIST Adrienne Gray was dotting a damp sponge across the cheekbones of her tutorial model. For 30 minutes, Gray had laden Jayme Franklin, co-founder of a conservative lifestyle brand, with two dozen cosmetics in as many steps: foundation and primer and bronzer and eye shadow and glitter and blush and highlighter and heaps of concealer.

“It’s all in the blend,” she said. She layered product upon product like a Renaissance painter, placing each in patchwork plots. The two kinds of blush on Franklin’s cheeks blared like rosy stoplights, sending the 60 women who attended Gray’s makeup “master class” at the Trump National Golf Club into various degrees of unease.

"Do not freak out," Gray, 37, instructed as she smoothed over Franklin's cheeks. The onlookers trust Gray because MAGA's leading ladies do. She did Karoline

Leavitt's makeup for both of this year's White House Correspondents Association dinners. She did Bettina Trump's for a family event. Her most regular client is Lara Trump, who seeks out Gray for state dinners and hits on Fox News. Fox and Wall Street Journal parent News Corp share common ownership.

The nation's semiquincentennial and its attendant galas had been a high season for Gray's glam. So had the UFC fight at the White House in June. Many Trump-world women seek out Gray's services ahead of important meetings in Washington.

So on a steamy August evening, she was committed to teaching fans how to achieve her look—one that can stand up to the lights of a studio or the glare of a camera, sure, but also bears the aesthetic signatures of the modern MAGA woman.


Gray touches up her makeup. 'Conservative women love feeling beautiful,' she says.

Baby doll lashes, pouty lips and chiseled contours, repeated across the faces of Trumpworld's women like a uniform. It is one element of Trump 2.0 femininity, which values cinched waists, high heels and "Mar-a-Lago face," the colloquial shorthand for surgical interventions to

tighten and fill. "MAGA makeup" has been wielded as a pejorative among political foes and parodied on TikTok with streaky spray tan and densely lined eyes.

Gray dismisses the criticism. "Conservative women love feeling beautiful," she told me. "I just think it's just a core pillar of femininity, and girls on the right really value that."

It's also a core pillar of getting ahead in Trump's Washington, where style and substance matter

to a pageant-loving president. The women who'd paid nearly \$250 for this evening were Trump administration staffers, conservative influencers and Republican PR consultants. One woman from the Palm Beach Republican Club had made a special trip for Gray's tutorial. To master these skills is a means of professional development.

Gray has a fine arts background and started doing professional makeup after college, but she has gotten this gig, in part, because of her proximity to MAGA elite. Before founding her beauty business this year, she did conservative commentary on Fox News and Newsmax. She's a member of Trump National, where she first met Leavitt. She did makeup for Elizabeth Pipko, Lara Trump's former RNC spokeswoman, which led her to Lara.

As she walked through Franklin's “medium glam” look, Gray revealed tricks of the trade. “Mature” faces should avoid shimmer, since it can make them look older. Concealer is good for priming eyelids and reshaping lip liner but can’t fix wrinkles.

After an hour of effort, Franklin had her smoky eye, rosy cheeks and glossed lips. Gray sealed it in with a translucent finishing powder. “It is basically like an airbrush filter,” she said.

Gray was right. Stepping back to reveal the end result, Franklin looked undeniably MAGA, but softened.

Franklin admired herself in a hand-held mirror. “I wish Adrienne, like, lived in my house,” she said.

MacKenzie Scott Returns to Her First Love: Fiction

The billionaire philanthropist and former wife of Jeff Bezos is unspooling an 80,000-word novel in serialized form after a decade away from publishing

MacKenzie Scott 'was a literary writer,' author Carole Glickfeld says of her former student.

BY ANNA SILMAN

Driving home together after a writing seminar in the early 1990s, author Carole Glickfeld's student mentioned

that she and her husband were starting an internet bookstore. “I thought, ‘That’s nice. You’ll sell some books online,’ ” Glickfeld recalled.

She had no idea that the young woman at the wheel, an aspiring novelist in Glickfeld's Seattle writing workshop, would come to disrupt the business entirely.

MacKenzie Scott—then MacKenzie Bezos—went on to help her then-husband, Jeff Bezos, launch Amazon, cementing her place as one of the world's wealthiest and most generous women. But to Glickfeld, Scott will always be an author first.

“She was a literary writer,” she recalled. “Her language skills, character development—I mean, she just had it all, really.”

This month, Scott announced that she would be publishing an 80,000-word serialized novel for free on Substack. The book, titled “Last Days in Two Nations (A History in Eighteen Minds),” is being released through the month of August. It marks a return to fiction after more than a decade.

Attempts to reach Scott for comment were unsuccessful.

Scott, born MacKenzie Tuttle in San Francisco, was drawn to books and writing from a young age. In the acknowledgments of her first published novel, she thanks the teachers who “sometimes found a few things worthy of praise in my homework assignments and always respected me enough to point out a great deal that was not.” After attending the Connecticut boarding school Hotchkiss, she earned a scholarship to Princeton, arriving on campus in the late 1980s hoping to take at least one writing class with Toni Morrison.

Morrison ended up becoming Scott's thesis adviser and lifelong mentor. "She has given me a real example of a life of passionate devotion to more than one calling," Scott said of the Nobel Prize-winning author in remarks at Princeton in 2017. At the same event, Morrison, who died in 2019, noted that Scott arrived to her class as an "extraordinary writer, almost full-blown."

"My sense of her was someone who was really serious about her writing and had a very close relationship with Toni Morrison," recalled Scott's schoolmate Laurent Dubois, now a history professor at the University of Virginia.

He said their famous professor imbued classes with “a broader sense of the place arts and culture [had] in our democracy and in our society.” He said of Scott, “I think the way that she’s navigating what she can do with her philanthropy and wealth is anchored in that system, those values and those ethics.”

After graduation, Scott moved to New York to become a novelist. She applied for a job at a hedge fund, where fellow Princeton graduate Bezos interviewed her. Six months later, they were married, and they moved to Seattle shortly after so Bezos could pursue his dream of launching an online book retailer.

“It’s an interesting business, and, on the whole, having a part-time job has been good for my writing,” she wrote in a letter to Morrison of Amazon’s early days.

Author Ethan Canin taught Scott in a workshop at the Sun Valley Writers' Conference around 1996. At a ranch high up in the Sawtooth Range, students sat on hardback chairs in the middle of a mountain meadow. He remembered Scott as quiet and unassuming. When she said she worked for Amazon, still in its infancy, Canin advised that she try to get stock options.


Toni Morrison ended up becoming Scott's thesis adviser and lifelong mentor.

“She was a really good writer, serious, character-focused, hardworking, attentive. Hard on herself. A great member of the class,” he said.

Scott released her first book, “The Testing of Luther Albright,” in 2005. Adapted from her thesis, the story follows a civil engineer in Sacramento named Luther who grows estranged from his family in the wake of an earthquake.

She published the book through Fourth Estate, then an imprint of HarperCollins.

Morrison provided edits and introduced Scott to powerhouse literary agent Amanda “Binky” Urban, who also represented Nora Ephron, Cormac McCarthy and Donna Tartt. Publisher’s Weekly called it an “impressive, quietly powerful debut.”

It won an American Book Award the following year. She followed that up with “Traps,” in 2013, a slim suspense novel that chronicles the lives of four women in the American Southwest.

While Amazon had its own imprints at the time, she chose to publish her second book through Knopf. Paul Bogaards, founder of Bogaards Public Relations and former head of publicity at Knopf, said Scott seemed reluctant to participate in any PR fanfare around the book's release. "She just wanted to be taken seriously as a writer and mostly be left alone," he said.

After her divorce from Bezos in 2019, Scott received a stake in Amazon that was equivalent at the time to about \$36 billion. The settlement made her one of the world's wealthiest women. Scott plunged headfirst into philanthropy, donating an esti-

‘She just wanted to be taken seriously as a writer.’

PAUL BOGAARDS Former head of publicity at Knopf

mated \$26 billion to causes like the environment, education, the arts and women's reproductive health in less than eight years. She retreated further from the public eye, avoiding press and coordinating donations through intermediaries.

The combination of her elusiveness and philanthropic largess makes “Last Days in Two Nations” a fascinating project to unpack.

Narrated through 18 voices, the

book is set in a dystopian future America reeling from a series of pandemics. In sections released so far, the country has been divided into the "Still United" states and an illiberal territory called the Dakota Membership. One character dubs the latter a "fascist theme park," ruled by a dictatorial South African surgeon with a passion for breeding koi fish. There are currently over 6,000 subscribers. Early chapters are replete with stories of families torn asunder and individual sacrifices to survive fascism, with nods to the redemptive power of literature.

Serialized novels, popular among 19th-century writers like Charles Dickens, have experienced a resurgence with the advent of digital self-publishing platforms like Substack. Canadian author Brendon Holder, who writes a popular tech and culture newsletter called Loosey, got thousands of new followers after releasing a serialized novella called “Come If You Want” on Substack last summer. He said that publishing online can make work more accessible to new readers, although most people publish shorter excerpts to drum up attention for a book that readers will eventually want to pay for.

“Perhaps this is a risk only a billionaire can feel comfortable making,” he muses. “Or a genius way to avoid selling on Amazon but still have online reviews.”

Behold the Hairless He-Men of Summer

BY MICHAEL IAN BLACK

In 2026, our paragons of masculinity are buff, burly and as smooth as Ken dolls. Call it one of the stranger beauty moments in American history.

NO, I DON'T WATCH "Love Island." As a manly man, I'm far too bro'd-out to watch such feminized fare. So don't ask me how I know that its male contestants seem to spend more time waxing than your average Real Housewife. Or about the romantic dramedy series "Off Campus." I certainly haven't noticed that modern TV overflows with brawny men, some sporting magnificent beards or manly manes on their heads, atop bodies as smooth as Barbie dolls.

As an acute observer of our cultural scene, I can't help remarking that we've stumbled into one of the stranger beauty moments in American history: the summer of hairless he-men. The modern leading man is bigger, broader and more muscular than ever. He can dead-lift a Buick. He can hang off a helicopter. His jawline can split granite. He also appears to have misplaced every hair below his collarbone.

For generations, body hair was synonymous with male adulthood. Now, the ideal man looks like he was assembled by Marvel Studios, before being buffed with an orbital sander.


Contestants from Season 8 of 'Love Island USA.'

And it's not like this is some metrosexual aesthetic making a comeback. These aren't delicate urban fashionistas. These guys are ripped. Tattooed. Competing on dating shows. Their presentation screams testosterone. Except for the part where they pluck themselves into the hairlessness of a dolphin; "Love Is Blind's" Zack Goytowski and "Love Island's" Zach Georgiou both cop to shaving their legs.

This isn't confined to reality TV. Retail analysts estimate that the global market for men's grooming will boom by tens of billions of dollars—if not hundreds of billions of dollars—in the next five or so years.

Our own leaders are not immune. Look no further than warrior-in-chief Pete Hegseth, who spends an extraordinary amount of time warning that American masculinity is under assault. The announcement that the military would begin testing the testosterone levels of “warfighters” sounded less like Pentagon policy than the pilot episode of “America’s Next Top Alpha.”

Yet even as politicians lecture us about rediscovering traditional manhood, they're curating it with the same obsessive precision as an Instagram fitness influencer. Hegseth has pushed hard against facial hair in the military, declaring in 2025 that there would be “no more beardos.” Apparently, we’re supposed to become Vikings. Just...hairless Vikings.

Maybe manhood is shifting from something we're expected to earn to something we're expected to perform. It's "looksmaxxing." It's reality television-style performative sensitivity wrapped in six-pack abs. It's also super annoying. If traditional masculinity sometimes veers into the toxic, this version careens into the absurd. A bizarre hodgepodge of retrograde machismo and perfectly manicured nails. The triumph of modern humanity over our savage natures.

Or maybe this isn't about vanity but anxiety. The same anxiety that has always bedeviled men. One born from the conundrum of masculinity, in which a “man card” must be punched before one is accepted into the tribe. It's why the standards remain confused. Are we meant to be tough but sensitive, tough but insensitive, or sensitive but sexist?

Still, hair grows on its own. Character doesn't. For all the hand-wringing, it remains funny to me that American men adopting the grooming practices of their female counterparts don't set off the same alarm bells among the manosphere elite as, say, expressing empathy.

Nobody's looking to reality TV's hairless men as role models, but their popularity suggests cultural cues around manhood may be evolving. Or perhaps of all the ways the culture has come to ape reality TV, it is in the absence of male body hair that we find its ultimate, vapid expression: The plucked vestiges of our primate ancestry are being smoothed into the same oblivion as our brains from watching this crap. After all, what better medium for mindless masculinity than a blank slate?

Now, if you'll excuse me, somebody in my house—not me—has to go check on the relationship status of Devo and Brittany because somebody in my house—again, NOT ME!—really hopes they get back together.

Michael Ian Black is an actor, writer and comedian who currently appears as a team captain on CNN's "Have I Got News for You."

OBITUARY

YAYOI KUSAMA | 1929-2026


Yayoi Kusama inside one of her installations. At right, a 2012 display with a collection by Louis Vuitton bearing her dot patterns.

The Contemporary Artist Always Dared to Experiment

Trippy innovator of the avant-garde scene in 1960s New York, she achieved longevity with selfie-worthy immersive environments

BY KELLY CROW

Japanese contemporary artist Yayoi Kusama, whose renowned work at one point made her the most expensive female artist, has died. She was 97 years old.

Her death was announced in a statement by the Yayoi Kusama Museum in Tokyo and the Yayoi Kusama Foundation. The statement said she died on Aug. 14 in a Tokyo hospital.

“She continued to paint until her final days, never setting aside her brush, and remained steadfast in her lifelong belief that love can save the world,” the statement said.

Kusama had lived by choice in a Tokyo psychiatric hospital since 1977, but the paintings, sculptures, installations and fashion designs she created from her nearby studio were shown around the world. She is best known for her monochromatic abstract paintings evoking fishing nets, and for canvases and large spaces covered with polka dots, evoking hallucinations she had as a child.

Her Infinity Mirror Rooms, first exhibited in New York, create mind-bending illusions of endless space through reflection and light. They have attracted millions of viewers and are popular on Instagram.

But for Kusama, art wasn't a path chosen for fame and fortune; art was a sublimation and a salve for her compulsive tendencies and psychotic episodes. “I transformed my trauma into art,” she said in “Kusama: Infinity,” a 2018 documentary. “I convert the energy of life into dots of the universe.”

scient in creating selfie-worthy immersive environments, one of which is permanently displayed at the Broad museum in Los Angeles. Other museums own her work, including New York's Museum of Modern Art and Tokyo's Museum of Contemporary Art.

She was initially discouraged from art by her conservative family and ignored by the art establishment, but her popularity surged in recent decades as curators reassessed her influence on post-war Pop art, which rivals that of contemporaries such as Andy Warhol and Claes Oldenburg.

Hailed as a trippy, innovative member of New York's 1960s avant-garde scene, Kusama was pre-

At a 2017 exhibit of her mirrored installations at Washington's Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, visitors stood in hourslong lines to spend seconds in each of her rooms. Former director Melissa Chiu, who is the incoming director of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Mu-

Kusama in 1967 in Woodstock, N.Y.

seum, said the exhibit helped the museum attract 1.2 million visitors that year, doubling its annual attendance.

Her gender and ethnicity once arguably worked against Kusama achieving clout in the art world in the early years of her work, but they eventually turned into major selling points. Spurred by wealthy Asian collectors, Kusama in 2014 became the most expensive living female artist when her 1960 painting “White No. 28,” a monochromatic infinity net, sold at Christie’s New York for \$7.1 million. She topped her own record in April 2019 when a 1959 piece from the same series, “Interminable Net No. 4,” sold for \$8 million at Sotheby’s Hong Kong. She no longer holds the title, which went to a \$13.6 million Marlene Dumas painting, “Miss January,” though it is a far cry from the \$91.1 million paid at auction for Jeff Koons’s sculpture “Rabbit.”

She was born on March 22, 1929, in Matsumoto, a city in Japan's central Nagano prefecture. The youngest of four children, Kusama grew up in a family that farmed and sold seeds for fruits, vegetables and flowers. She once recalled wandering into a flowery

'I convert the energy of life into dots of the universe.'

YAYOI KUSAMA From 'Kusama: Infinity,' a 2018 documentary

More stories at WSJ.com/obituaries

field and becoming disoriented among the endless stalks and blooms—a sensation she likened to “obliteration” and would seek to re-create in her art. Dots surfaced in her childhood hallucinations, she said, and they played a dominant role in her work.

Her mother wasn't an admirer of the art Kusama started creating at around age 10, and she often snatched away her paintings. "She once kicked my palette across the room," Kusama wrote in her 2002 autobiography, "Infinity Net." As a result, she said she learned early on to draw at a feverish pace. Even into her 80s, she could finish a wall-size drawing in about three days.

Her mother ultimately relented and let her daughter attend art school, but Kusama ached to stretch beyond the country's traditional Nihonga painting style. In 1955, she wrote to artist Georgia O'Keeffe for advice on how to navigate the "hard life" of a painter. O'Keeffe replied that she should move to New York. Kusama moved to Seattle in 1957, and a year later moved to New York.

Even without the ornate kimonos she initially wore to New York's downtown gallery openings, Kusama would have stood out—an ambitious Asian

woman jockeying for attention in an art world that lionized mainly white men. She dated artist Joseph Cornell and befriended other artists such as Donald Judd and Eva Hesse. The first gallery to show her paintings was the artist-run Brata Gallery in 1961.

Kusama said many of her experiments in the 1960s met with indifference or, worse, imitators.

Artist Lucas Samaras earned raves in 1965 for constructing a room whose inner walls were lined with mirrors; a few months earlier, Kusama's "Infinity Mirror Room (Phalli's Field)" show had featured a mirror-lined room covered in stuffed, polka-dot forms. Another echo occurred the following year when she papered her gallery's wall in images of boats, and shortly after Warhol followed suit with silk-screen images of cows.

The artistic pas de deux took a toll on Kusama's mental health, sending her into periods of depression. So did the Vietnam War, against which she staged naked protests and happenings that made the cover of the New York Daily News in 1969 and caused a scandal in Japan after newspapers reported on her actions.

After attempting to kill herself, Kusama moved back to Japan in 1973. Instead of getting a hero's welcome in Tokyo, she spent years being dismissed like a hippie pariah. In 1977, she checked herself into a hospital that championed art therapy and created a series of somber, primordial collages featuring birds, bugs and Bosch-like imagery, including a work titled "I Who Committed Suicide."

Her comeback began when the Center for International Contemporary Art in New York held a retrospective of her work in 1989. That was followed by an invitation to install her work inside the Japanese pavilion of the 1993 Venice Biennale.

Audiences were charmed.

Kusama received validation in Japan, where the Matsumoto City Museum of Art exhibited her work, calling her a “genius.” In 2017, her namesake foundation opened the Yayoi Kusama Museum for her art in Tokyo near her home and studio.

"I don't usually have a fixed idea of what I want to do and don't know how the painting will turn out. Countless ideas come into my head," Kusama once told the Journal. "Once I begin painting, though, the image becomes clear. And when it's finished, I realize that this is the painting that I've been trying to make."

—Darryl Wee contributed to this article.

READER MAIL

Readers Have Strong Opinions About Seniors Smoking Weed

A RECENT A-HED COLUMN explored the rising popularity of marijuana among senior citizens—and the dust-ups it's causing with their neighbors. WSJ readers weighed in on the benefits of pot-smoking, the risks of today's high-potency weed and tips on how to avoid the issue of neighborly ire altogether. Here, edited for length and clarity, are a selection of your comments.

Not Your Mother's Marijuana What many people don't realize is that this isn't the weed of the '60s, '70s or even the '80s anymore. It has been scientifically enhanced and is multitudes more potent than its predecessors.

-Michael Rheintgen

As for the smell, this ain't the pot from 1970s college campuses, which had a distinctive but not foul smell. The aroma of modern weed is sometimes hard to distinguish from the occasional outlets of sewer gas from the city's manhole covers. —Colin Greene

Do Edibles Instead

You don't have to smoke pot, you know. Somebody tell these boomers to use the tinctures and save their lungs and their neighbors' sensitivities. —Diane Conklin

This isn't really about pot-smoking. It is about being a good neighbor, having respect for people in your community. If I was a pot smoker, and the smell was consistently wafting into my neighbor's homes, I would search for a way to minimize it: air purifiers, fans, a smoking area away from my neighbor's door. I've seen small fans in commercial spaces that pull smoke away from certain spaces. There must be a better solution for both parties to live in peace and comfort. —Amy Bean

Smoking anything is bad for your lungs.

Be a good neighbor, bake space cookies and share them with your neighbor. —Ray Kung

If you live in a state where pot is legal, you can buy THC vape cartridges like vaping nicotine. The exhaled steam has no smell at all. Er, at least that's what I've heard. —Raymond Robinson

It's Better Than Booze

I'm an ER doc. Yeah, we see some MJ problems, but alcohol is, without a doubt, the king of ruinous behavior. —Kip Benko

Aging Stoners Raise Stink

Continued from Page One strong enough to make the tissue "wave like a flag." She placed multiple calls to police but said officers were reluctant to knock on the couple's door late at night. She had intense conversations with the neighbors that felt straight out of high school.

"It was actually always that kind of smirk," Terenzi said. "Like, 'Oh, come on. If you're

I was friends with a senior woman who went to a lot of senior-citizen dances. She said there was always a huge crowd outside smoking pot. I asked her if anyone drank. She said all the drinkers are already dead. —Sean Clark


Baby boomers are taking the drug to manage pain, improve sleep and have
"I had to go in the back room." Jos. S. J. Ivalito-Shenherd, a

Many of my baby boomer friends smoke pot and do so respectfully and responsibly. Much rather be around a pot user than a drunk. —MaryAnn Benedetti

Don't Harsh My Mellow

I smoked pot in college when I had no responsibilities. (Probably explains my GPA!) But I got a job, had a family and had to do without for 40 years because I now had re-

sponsibilities. Now I'm a retired empty-nester. Let's fire one up! — John Erickson

I am 72. My friends from bridge use gummies and drops for sleep. A couple of players take Adderall to play better and have vigorously asked if I would please take one, too. I thought the '70s were behind us, but here we are back in the '70s in our 70s. —Linda Schubert

At 98, I have smoked pot forever. Have never had issues or reasons to consider stopping.

—Edward Jawer

My 86-year-old mother was given a prescription for cannabis when she was in hospice. She became a convert. As a recent retiree, I vape a little before my daily three-mile walk to help with my arthritis, and I vape a little more around dinnertime, which increases the quality of my sleep. —Wally Rooh

I'm high right now. Got me a pizza in the oven. —Steve Byrne


FLYING SAUCER A still from 'Close Encounters of the Third Kind' (1977).

How to Read Signs in the Sky

In a populist era, even government disclosures about unidentified objects create more questions than answers

We Want to Believe By Adam Kirsch Columbia Global Reports, 128 pages, \$18

Faith in Space By Paul C. Gutjahr Princeton, 368 pages, \$35

BY DOMINIC GREEN

P

OPULAR BELIEF in extraterrestrial life and alien encounters was one of the first markers of post-World War II psychology. The global conflict gave us high-altitude flight, jet engines, rockets, radar and improved aerial photography. In 1947 a pilot reported unusual airborne objects near Mount Rainier in Washington state. The same year, a rancher discovered metallic and rubber debris near the airfield at Roswell, N.M. The airfield's staff announced the capture of a flying disc, then called it a weather balloon.

In 1951 the U.S. Air Force tasked Edward Ruppelt, a wartime bombardier, with gathering and analyzing pilots' reports for a program called Project Blue Book. Ruppelt called the saucers unidentified flying objects. A burst of nationwide sightings occurred in the summer of 1952. Groups of flying lights twice appeared near Andrews Air Force Base outside Washington, D.C. Jets scrambled on the second occasion, but the lights and their radar pings disappeared when the planes got close. The UFO script has varied little in the decades since: lights in the sky, claims of a coverup and a recurring lack of evidence.

In “We Want to Believe,” Adam Kirsch says “there is no convincing reason to think that Earth has ever been visited by alien spaceships." He argues that we have yet to meet the standard set by Carl Sagan: "Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence." Mr. Kirsch, a poet and critic, is alert to the relationship between psychological desires and phenomenological experiences. He doubts the existence of extraterrestrials but recognizes their prominence in our imagination as a chapter in "humanity's evolving self-portrait." By examining the belief in aliens, he writes, we "can help clarify some of the primary social and spiritual quandaries of our time, even—or especially—if UFOs don't actually exist."

Mr. Kirsch identifies two recent changes that reflect a legitimating shift in attitudes. First, he writes, government and media “began to treat the subject much more seriously” in the past decade. Sightings that would have once been dismissed as hoaxes or covered by supermarket tabloids are now “respectfully discussed in the mainstream press and on the floor of Congress.” This trend reflects a broader loss of seriousness in media and politics. Second, though “virtually all scientists” reject the idea that aliens have visited Earth, researchers are “increasingly confident that humanity will discover extraterrestrial life.”

“They’re real, but I haven’t seen them,” Barack Obama told a pod-caster in February. Mr. Obama clarified that there is no evidence of aliens, “unless there’s this enormous conspiracy.” Extraterrestrial life is one of the few things Donald Trump says he doesn’t have an opinion about. Mr. Kirsch argues that, as public reason decays, the historic American suspicion of centralized power metastasizes at the frontiers of science, where UFO cultists whisper to other conspiracy theorists.

The Romans saw meteor showers and eclipses as divine auguries. We see them as physical phenomena, but they still draw our sight up in wonder. The Greek word kosmos, Mr. Kirsch notes, means “ordered.” Any abnormal appearance in the skies, he observes, is “profoundly disorienting.” Drawing on Martin Heidegger’s phenomenology, he defines a UFO sighting as the sort of sense impression that happens “when the heavens break down and stop working.” After more than a century of powered flight, Mr. Kirsch writes, we “have not yet securely attached the upper atmosphere to the realm of human experience.” UFO mythology, and especially its mock-scientific terminology, is a way of domesticating the unknown.

In 1947 odd sights were spotted in Washington's sky. In 2024 New Jersey went wild over drones.

Mr. Kirsch identifies the tipping point as December 2017, when footage of strange aerial phenomena leaked from the Pentagon's Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program. The House of Representatives later held hearings that looked official but told us nothing new. Next came a revival of the 1952 flying-saucer craze with the “mystery drone” panic. Sightings began in November 2024 in New Jersey. By December, Mr. Kirsch writes, the whole state seemed to be “under a drone siege.” Elected officials saw them as their voters did; they too had seen “Close Encounters of the Third Kind” (1977), “E.T.” (1982) and “Men in Black” (1997). But this time, the aliens were terrestrial.

Rep. Jeff Van Drew of New Jersey claimed that sources had admitted that the drones may have emanated from an Iranian mother ship in the Atlantic Ocean. Rep. Michael McCaul of Texas said that, “based on my experience,” the drones likely came from China. Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene of Georgia said she would personally shoot the drones out of the skies “along with every other red blooded freedom loving American.” President-elect Trump made a similar statement. But the White House, nine days into Mr. Trump’s second term, explained that the drones were licensed by the Federal Aviation Administration for research and that local drone hobbyists had augmented the airborne fleet.

Government overrules popular perceptions as its needs require. If dismissing UFOs challenges the democratic equality of experience, Mr. Kirsch argues, then believing in them becomes a “bid to reclaim sovereignty over individual experience.” In a technological society, UFOs become vehicles for defending the individual’s right to see the skies as he or she sees fit. Mr. Kirsch finds it “no coincidence that UFOs went mainstream in an era of populist revolt,” that the government volte-face began in 2017. If, as Mr. Kirsch argues, UFO advocacy is a “call for revolution” in perception and values, then its validation could invite political revolution.

Paul C. Gutjahr's "Faith in Space" identifies "extraterrestrial cosmologies" as persistent passengers in the cargo-cult innovations of American religion. Mr. Gutjahr, a professor of English at Indiana University, notes that his expansive cast contains "no major Jewish or Catholic prophetic figure." Extraterrestrial cosmologies descend from the philosophically Protestant speculations of Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Paine, each of whom posited a plurality of worlds. Mr. Gutjahr traces the popular innovations of Swedenborgianism, Mormonism and Seventh-Day Adventism through Spiritualism, Theosophy, Scientology, the Nation of Islam and Heaven's Gate, 39 of whose members died by suicide in 1997 in the belief that their souls would mount a waiting spacecraft.

A thread of fraudulence enters Mr. Gutjahr's story with the self-help fatuities of Helena Blavatsky and L. Ron Hubbard. It ripens into criminality with the "Moorish" mystifications of the ex-con Malachi Z. York. After false starts with the Ansaar Pure Sufi movement (1967), the Nubian Islamic Hebrew Mission (1968) and the Nubian Islamic Hebrews (1969), York enjoyed a two-decade run as the Mahdi of the millenarian Ansaaru Allah Community in Brooklyn, N.Y., before flipping to Jewish teachings in 1992.

Soon afterward, York led the United Nuwaubian Nation of Moors into the wilderness of Putnam County, Ga. There, Mr. Gutjahr relates, York revealed that he was “an extraterrestrial named ‘Yaanuwn’ from the planet Rizq in the solar system of Illyuwn” and opened an Egyptian-themed amusement park featuring Club Rameses, a “nightclub that attracted up to 1,500 customers on a weekend night.” In 2004 York was sentenced to 135 years in prison for crimes including child molestation and racketeering. It is not clear why his followers accepted his teachings. An old explanation is probably most likely: They wanted to believe.

Mr. Green is a Journal contributor and a fellow of the Royal Historical Society.

An Epic Literary Odyssey

Homer-Haunted By Henry Power Bloomsbury Continuum, 352 pages, \$32

BY JAMES ROMM

T

HE TERM “Homer-haunted” could certainly be used to describe the “Odyssey”-obsessed summer of 2026, but in fact

“Homer-Haunted: The Many Afterlives of an Ancient Poet” deals with poems, not films. Its author, Henry Power, a professor of English literature at the University of Exeter, takes his readers through a gallery of English-language poets who have wrestled, over more than four centuries, with Homer’s legacy. He’s a witty and adventurous guide, wandering into side spurs of history, biography and travelogue, exploring snatches of verse along the way. It all adds up to a remarkable celebration of the life of letters—a life that’s greatly endangered today but saved from extinction, one hopes, by books like this one.

It was Virgil's ghost, not Homer's, who haunted the Middle Ages and early Renaissance, centuries when no one west of the Balkans could read ancient Greek. But poets in Europe could sense Homer's spectral presence even when they had no direct access to him. Petrarch, in the mid-14th century, lamented his lack of Greek and prodded a Byzantine-trained scholar, Leontius Pilatus, to produce a Latin translation of Homer (as he did in 1362). The first vernacular versions appeared in the 16th century; very late in that century, the Englishman George Chapman, up to that point a middling playwright, came out with "Seaven Bookes of the Iliades of Homere" (1598), the first English version of Homer done directly from Greek. Chapman's complete "Iliad" and "Odyssey" followed over the next two decades.

Mr. Power begins his survey with Chapman's Homer but frequently casts his glance backward to the Homeric epics themselves. Thanks to his many acute observations, these discussions go far beyond mere background or plot summary. "The 'Iliad' and the 'Odyssey' are full of well-made things," he notes insightfully in a chapter, titled "Small Things," that focuses on Elizabeth Barrett Browning. "It isn't just objects—in the Homeric poems we see a commitment to preparing things carefully." He then shows how Barrett Browning made a similar commitment, crafting an epic poem, “Aurora Leigh” (1856), around a quotidian life rather than the subject she had at first explored, Napoleon Bonaparte.

The chapter takes in a number of British writers whose works show a love of small things. There are tangents on Daniel Defoe's “Robinson Crusoe” (1719) and George Eliot's “Middle-march” (1871-72), together with an in-depth treatment of a little-known work by Virginia Woolf, “Flush” (1933),

Tracing the threads of Homer's works through the tapestry of English poetry and prose.

which is a novelistic study of Barrett Browning as seen through the eyes of her dog. Along the way Mr. Power casts side glances at various ersatz epics including Robert Southey's "Roderick: The Last of the Goths" (1814) and a Victorian-era poem called "The Sea-King: A Metrical Romance." The breadth of Mr. Power's reading is on full display in such surveys.

To this literary stew Mr. Power adds a brief sketch of Barrett Browning's Please turn to page C8


REALMS OF GOLD An illustration of John Keats reading Chapman's Homer.

'To the natural philosopher there is no natural object unimportant or trifling.... He walks in the midst of wonders.' –JOHN HERSHEY

FIVE BEST ROBERTA KWOK

The Human Side of Science

The author of ‘Lost in Curiosity’ on tales of lab mishaps, fieldwork adventures and personal sacrifices in the pursuit of truth

Lab Girl By Hope Jahren (2016)

1 Hope Jahren, a geobiologist and plant researcher, describes her laboratory as a refuge, a church and a self-contained world. “I chose science because science gave me what I needed,” she writes, “a home as defined in the most literal sense: a safe place to be.” In her memoir, “Lab Girl,” Ms. Jahren narrates scientific struggles both dramatic and mundane. In one deafening and dangerous laboratory mishap, a glass tube that was overfilled with gas exploded. A more pervasive source of stress was the battle to secure research funding (at one point she raided university trash bins for materials when money started to run out). The book’s throughline is her friendship with Bill, an academic loner whose meticulous work in the field caught her attention. He became Ms. Jahren’s steadfast scientific partner—the two were bonded by their mutual sense of getting away with something. When Bill first saw her small, shabby, mildewed lab space, she was momentarily ashamed. But he only had eyes for the electrical setup in one corner. After considering how he would configure an important device for their research, he delivered his verdict: “completely perfect.”

The Periodic Table By Primo Levi (1975)

For Primo Levi, chemistry was a thrilling duel, a “face-to-face match.” It pitted the “unfledged, unarmed chem-

ist” on one side, while “on the other side, responding with enigmas, stood Matter.” Levi was a young Jewish chemist in Turin, Italy, at the outset of World War II. “The Periodic Table” relates his early research forays and his resistance to fascism in a series of short essays—translated into English in 1984 by Raymond Rosenthal—each corresponding to a chemical element. After a short stint fighting alongside anti-Nazi partisans, Levi was captured and sent to Auschwitz. He survived partly by working at a German laboratory. In the chapter titled “Cerium,” Levi describes how, wracked with hunger, he stole iron-cerium rods to make flints for cigarette lighters so that he could exchange them for bread. Throughout his recollections, he renders chemistry in physical and intimate terms. A garlicky smell

PRIMO LEVI Ca. 1980.

once alerted him to the presence of arsenic in sugar, while the spill of a concentrated solution cut through clothing “like the blow of a scimitar.” For Levi, the discipline of science—which is “clear and distinct and verifiable at every step”—counters totalitarianism, “a tissue of lies and emptiness.”

The Quickening By Elizabeth Rush (2023)

In 2019 nearly 60 scientists and crew members set sail in the icebreaker Nathaniel B. Palmer for Antarctica's

Thwaites Glacier. In “The Quickening” Elizabeth Rush calls this river of ice “the biggest wild card” that will determine how sea-level rise will affect coastal communities. The team’s ambitious plans to gather ice-sheet data were stymied by storms, a rudder problem, a medical emergency and the threat of ice closing in. Part of what sets Ms. Rush’s account apart from other science books is her attention to the crew who performed the essential work of supporting

the researchers: mopping the stairwell every morning, cooking dinner during a wild ride through the Drake Passage, a treacherous channel between South America's Cape Horn and Antarctica. The book also reveals the depths of the scientists' emotions about their mission and its consequences, and their awe at the magnificent polar landscape. One researcher tells Ms. Rush how much he'll miss Antarctica after the expedition. "It's like falling in love," he says. "When you leave, you want to see that person again . . . even though you just left."

The Beak of the Finch By Jonathan Weiner (1994)

Rosemary and Peter Grant, a married pair of evolutionary biologists who studied songbirds on Daphne

Major, a small volcanic island in the Galápagos archipelago, are the subjects of Jonathan Weiner's "The Beak of the Finch." Near the islands that were visited by Charles Darwin on the Beagle in 1835, the Grants became so familiar with

their avian subjects that they could recognize hundreds of individual finches and the types of seeds in the birds' beaks. What emerges is the story of a scientific family—the Grants were joined in their work by their daughters and some intrepid students—faithfully documenting the finches' real-time evolution over nearly two decades as the island was buffeted by drought and storms. When Peter shared their findings with other researchers, a fellow biologist was skeptical of Peter's claim that a tiny difference in beak size could determine whether a finch lives or dies. The other scientist insisted "I don't believe a half of a millimeter really matters so much." Mr. Weiner shows how it does.

Ship Fever By Andrea Barrett (1996)

5 Tens of thousands of emigrants from Ireland, desperate to escape the famine ravaging their home country, landed in 1847 at the Grosse Île quarantine station in what is now the Canadian province of Quebec. "Ship Fever," the title novella in Andrea Barrett's collection of short stories, is the tale of a young doctor who, stung by the derision of the woman he loves, offers his services at the station. Once there, he is overwhelmed by his work treating victims of a typhus epidemic, in which some of the shipborne dead are "dropped on the nearest beach and corded like firewood." Throughout these tales, the careers of eminent scientific figures intertwine with the lives of ordinary people. The narrator of "The Behavior of the Hawkweeds" ruminates on her grandfather's childhood encounters with Gregor Mendel, the monk whose experiments with pea plants laid the groundwork for modern genetics. In "Rare Bird" a woman in 18th-century England finds pleasure in the company of a new friend, who helps her test a claim from the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus that swallows hibernate underwater. Barrett's stories portray the practice of science, as one character puts it, "bent by loneliness and longing."

How Homer Haunts English Lit

Continued from page C7 life, highlighting points at which her path crossed with Homer or led her toward her own efforts at epic verse. The author is a dedicated researcher who, in each chapter, digs into archives and personal correspondence to find the most revealing material. In this instance he has discovered that Barrett Browning, at age 12, recorded in a letter her fascination with Alexander Pope's 18th-century translation of the "Iliad," and then a year later wrote a poem in rhymed couplets—the meter employed by Pope—on the subject of the Battle of Marathon. Mr. Power gives us some lines of Barrett Browning's poem, in which he hears echoes of the work that inspired it. "I doubt whether even Pope himself could be so convincingly Pope-like aged 13," he writes, in a comment typical of his generous wit.

Poets often lead turbulent lives, a pattern that gives Mr. Power marvelous stories to tell when, in each chapter, he turns biographer. Barrett Browning's path was unusually smooth after her marriage to fellow poet Robert Browning. ("No amount of academic throat-clearing could make the Brownings' courtship unromantic," writes Mr. Powers). But more recent lives partake of the picaresque (Christopher Logue, author of the "Iliad" adaptation "War

Music," spent time in a military prison) or the Dionysian (Thom Gunn's short poems were sometimes written during LSD trips). To understand these two late-20th-century writers, Mr. Power turns interviewer, visiting those who knew the men to gain a firsthand perspective. On a tour of Logue's house in the company of his widow, he discovers a copy of Pope's "Iliad" that Logue kept close at hand as he worked, along with an incongruous set of the tales of Paddington Bear.

Mr. Power weaves bits of his own life story into this book's tapestry. He often writes with the candor of a memoirist, sharing personal moments that connect him to his subjects or to Homer's epics. "I see their traces everywhere," he says of those epics in his introduction. "My son calls to ask when I'm getting back...and I think of Telemachus,

patiently wait- ing 20 years for his father's return." The parallel might come across as gran

diose, but coming from Mr. Power it seems to arise from an all-consuming passion for poetry. Homer-haunted himself, he travels to obscure places, winning the trust of the gate-keepers and key-holders he meets, to commune with those who have shared his form of possession.

Mr. Power's previous books have mostly been about 18th-century writers, yet he is as much at home with recent free verse as with rhymed couplets and sonnets. He carries his survey up to the present day and writes adeptly about three currently active

poets: Alice Oswald, Sasha . Alice Oswald, Sasha Dugdale and A.E. Stallings. But he's not afraid to admit that

difficult modern poems can elude him. “Pound’s Cantos have their rewards, but the rewards come intermittently,” he writes of the poet’s eccentric magnum opus. “I could dispense with most of them.... Perhaps that’s my failing, but I console myself that there are worse failings."

“Homer-Haunted” deals with great names—including Chapman, Pope and John Keats—as well as a few that have fallen into obscurity. One of its more compelling chapters deals with James Macpherson, an 18th-century Scotsman who published an epic, “Fingal,”

Odysseus clings to a rock like an octopus. 'A poem is like an octopus,' Power writes: 'It is tricky to get to grips with.'

claiming to have translated the previously unknown work of a Gaelic bard named Ossian. It's unfortunate, though, that Mr. Power has given little attention to the greatest name of all, that of Shakespeare, whose "Troilus and Cressida," scholars largely agree, is

the two works can be proven—though Chapman's “Seaven Bookes” appeared in print

Shortly before the play's probable date—he'd best leave the topic alone. One would have liked to have his thoughts on this sardonic, antiheroic twist on the Trojan War legend.

Important among the virtues of this fine book are its illustrations, the work of Amelia Power, the author's sister. In collagelike drawings at the start of each chapter, Ms. Power combines images relating to the chapter's topic with classical motifs and lines of Homeric Greek. Introducing the chapter on Keats, for example, is an image with the Parthenon marble that likely inspired a portion of Keats's "Ode on a Grecian Urn" (1819), together with an actual Grecian urn. Ms. Power depicts Keats reading a book, presumably Chapman's Homer, and above that composite of philhellenic themes is a scene of Hernán Cortés gazing at the Pacific from "a peak in Darien," as he never did in life but does in the simile that closes Keats's sonnet "On First Looking into Chapman's Homer" (1816). Upon that ocean Cortés somehow glimpses Odysseus' ship—a fusion of time frames that mirrors Mr. Power's freewheeling, chronology-defying prose.

“Poetry lingers, and its tentacles grip,” the author writes in an after-word. He’s responding to an image found in a poem by Michael Longley, who was himself responding to a simile from the “Odyssey”: Homer’s comparison of the shipwrecked Odysseus, torn away by a wave from a rock, to an octopus torn away from its lair with pebbles stuck to its arms. “A poem is like an octopus,” Mr. Power continues, “because it is tricky to get to grips with . . . but also because it carries with it traces of all the places it’s been.” That triple-decker analogy comes from a scholar whose love for poetry runs deep, and who seems part poet himself. May he go on to write other books as rich and intriguing as this one.

HULTON ARCHIVE/GETTY IMAGES

UNDERCOVER The Bund promenade in Shanghai, ca. 1930. Yakob Rudnik and Tatyana Moiseenko made the cosmopolitan city their base.

'The more identities a man has, the more they express the person they conceal.' –JOHN LE CARRÉ

Committed to the Comintern

The Shanghai Agents By Heather Salter Cambridge, 364 pages, \$32.95 BY MAURA ELIZABETH CUNNINGHAM

N O ONE KNEW the real names of the defendants. When the Shanghai Municipal Police arrested them for suspected communist activities on June 15,

1931, the pair identified themselves as the Belgians Hilaire Noulens and Marie Motte—no, it was Fernand and Marie Vandercruyssen. Later that summer they told British colonial authorities that they were actually Swiss and named Beuret. In November the story changed yet again; they were still Swiss, but now Paul and Gertrud Ruegg.

None of the identities stuck, as both Belgian and Swiss authorities quickly disproved the pair's claims to citizenship. Unable to secure the legal protection of extraterritorial-

A pair of Soviet agents settled in 1930s China to advance the communist cause. The two maintained their cover stories through their arrests and trial.

ity offered to certain foreign residents in China, the “Rueggs” were turned over to the Chinese Nationalist government for a trial that had a chance to result in their execution. The couple certainly couldn’t admit who they really were: Yakob Rudnik and Tatyana Moiseenko, undercover Soviet agents for the Communist International, or Comintern.

As Heather Salter, a professor at North-eastern University, reveals in “The Shanghai Agents,” a compelling work of historical noir, Yakob and Tatyana were central figures “in an enormous and expensive Soviet conspiracy to foment revolution in China and the wider region from their base in Shanghai.” Assigned to the Comintern’s Far Eastern Bureau, the pair had come to Shanghai to bolster the beleaguered Chinese Communist Party.

Their work involved hand-delivering large sums of money to local Communist activists, as well as operating more than a dozen safe-houses in Shanghai and monitoring multiple telegraphic addresses and postal boxes. At the time of their arrest, writes Ms. Salter, “no one in the entire apparatus of the Far Eastern Bureau knew where more bodies were buried than Yakob and Tatyana.” Had they chosen to confess and describe their work to their interrogators, they could have done irreparable damage to the communist cause in Asia.

Comintern bosses had no reason to fear that the couple would crack. Yakob and Tatyana, by then in their late 30s, had devoted the majority of their lives to promoting the spread of communism—first in the Soviet Union and then as undercover agents stationed around Europe. Even the prospect of death at the hands of the Nationalist government, led by the fervent anticommunist Chiang Kai-shek, failed to shake their story. They were Swiss nationals. They were Paul

and Gertrud Ruegg. They wanted to be released so they could go home and raise their 3-year-old son, Jimmy (actually Dimitri). As 1931 dragged on and they remained imprisoned without trial, the couple resorted to a hunger strike in protest.

The Comintern's propaganda machine got to work. Left-leaning celebrities in Europe and the U.S., including Albert Einstein and H.G. Wells, took up the Rueggs' cause, signing petitions and organizing an overseas publicity campaign designed to embarrass Chiang's government for partisanship in its handling of the case. The couple's most prominent advocate was Soong Ching-ling, the American-educated widow of Republican China's founder, Sun Yat-sen. She was also Chiang's sister-in-law, and though the two shared few political convictions, the family connection protected Soong even though she supported the couple.

The trial finally came in July 1932, after repeated delays caused by the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in September 1931 and its resulting political upheaval. Held in a stifling courtroom during the peak of summer, the proceedings involved day after day of contentious confrontation as the couple sought to exasperate Li Mien, the presiding judge, at every opportunity. With the government pressing for a conviction, the couple had no doubt Judge Li would deliver one. Ms. Salter explains the Rueggs' strategy: If they would not be freed, the couple reasoned, they would "embarrass the court by drawing attention to the way it had mishandled their case."

As expected, the court rendered a guilty verdict against the Rueggs in August 1932, though it downgraded the death sentence to life imprisonment in a concession to international opinion. The pair remained in prison until August 1937, when Japan's war against China led Chiang to sign a treaty with the Soviet Union. Though the Rueggs had never acknowledged their true citizenship, the Nationalists released them as a gesture of Sino-Soviet goodwill. They eventually made their way back to Moscow and were reunited with their son, by then a teenager, in 1944. Their devotion to communism as unshakable as ever, both worked for the Soviet government—though in staid desk jobs rather than undercover operations—before dying within a month of each other in 1964. The outside

world still knew Yakob Rudnik and Tatyana Moiseenko as Paul and Gertrud Ruegg until 1990, when Dimitri revealed their true identities to a Swiss journalist.

Ms. Salter's book offers a deeply personal case study that illuminates the extensive underground network of Soviet-aligned anticolonial local communists operating in Asia prior to World War II. Ms. Salter estimates that the Comintern spent, in today's money, between \$13.2 million and \$15.6 million annually on activities in Asia, with more than 60% of the money going directly to the Chinese Communist Party. Were it not for the financial and logistical support provided by the Comintern during this period, Ms. Salter suggests, the CCP might not have survived long enough to win control of the country in 1949. The arrest of Yakob Rudnik and Tatyana Moiseenko effectively brought the Far Eastern Bureau activities in China to an end, but not before they and their colleagues had helped the CCP weather some of its darkest days.

Ms. Cunningham is a historian of modern China who lives in Ann Arbor, Mich.

New York's Italian Connection

Ghosts of Sicily

By Mark Harmon and Leon Carroll Jr.

Harper Select, 304 pages, \$29.99

IN EARLY 1942, as American involvement in World War II gained momentum, U.S. law-enforcement agents were concerned that some of the Germans working at New York City's docks were relaying information to the U-boats lurking offshore, targeting Allied shipping. The agents turned to Joey "Socks" Lanza, the mafioso running Manhattan's Fulton Fish Market, for information.

Members of New York's underworld were only too happy to help, and the collaboration proved a success. Frank Costello, the acting boss of the so-called National Commission—a sort of governing board of the mafia of the tristate area—even had a message from Charles “Lucky” Luciano, the commission’s leader, who was in prison at the time: “Listen to Joe Lanza and cooperate with the Navy.”

As Mark Harmon and Leon Carroll Jr. tell us in “Ghosts of Sicily,” soon everyday Sicilians were bringing all sorts of information to the Navy intelligence office in Lower Manhattan. “The

Navy wanted from the Italians all the pictures they could possibly get of every port of Sicily, of every channel," Meyer Lansky, another notorious gangster, later testified. Planning for a major Allied invasion was under way.

The Sicilians also gave agents the names of people the Allies could trust in Sicily. This would prove crucial in July 1943 when the Allies launched their attack on Sicily and were initially bogged down by Nazi artillery at Gela, the primary invasion beach. Locals redirected the Allies to nearby Licata and told them about “beach minefields, maritime conditions, and port-installation booby traps.”

Though the mobsters were a great help in the war effort, they also couldn't help themselves. Once the Allies were firmly in control of Italy, Vito Genovese, acting as an aide and translator to the occupying force while also a fugitive from justice in the U.S., ran a lucrative black market involving food, fuel, vehicles and whatever else the Allies were importing in and around Naples.

As the authors tell us, Operation Underworld would not be acknowledged until a decade after the war—and then only tacitly—because of the unsavory characters involved. Nevertheless, as the 1954 Herlands Commission, set up to investigate the use of organized crime to fight the war in Europe, concluded, “in the light of the national emergency then existing . . . there can be no question about the value of the project.”

SHORTCUTS: MILITARY HISTORY BY MARK YOST


ZERO HOUR The start of the Allied invasion of Sicily in July 1943.

Into the Crucible Of War

The Last of the Old Breed By Scott Davis St. Martin's, 336 pages, \$30

"THIS BOOK IS NOT intended to act as a comprehensive account of the Pacific Theater, a sweeping tome of military strategy, or an in-depth study of squad-level tactics," writes Scott Davis. "This is a story of memory."

In “The Last of the Old Breed,” Mr. Davis, a historian and journalist who runs the popular YouTube channel “The Vietnam Experience,” sat down with World War II Marines to gather their recollections, largely unedited, about why they joined and what their first tastes of combat were. The memories deserve our attention.

Raymond Lewis was in the ninth grade in Clarksdale, Miss., when Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941. “I had a homelife that I’m not particularly proud of,” Mr. Lewis tells the author. “My dad was an alcoholic. So, I got my mother and him to sign papers saying I was seventeen, and I joined the Marines.”

Robert Brutinel, 100 years old at the time of his interview, also fought with his parents over joining. “For God’s sake! Sign that thing!” he remembers his

father yelling at his mother. "I'm tired of hearing you and him arguing all the time!"

Ray Garland was already on the USS Tennessee, moored at Pearl Harbor's Battleship Row, when the Japanese attacked. "I happened to look over my shoulder and I saw these planes coming down. The corporal in charge said, 'Turn around, Private Garland,' because they were about to hoist the flag. "About that time, a Japanese Val dive-bomber dropped its bomb on Ford Island and started coming down 'Battleship Row.' The rear machine gunner was shooting as he came by. He was close enough that I could see his goggles."

Elburn Cooper was rejected by the Army and Navy because he wasn't proficient at math. "Then I went to the Marine Corps and—bang! They just wanted cannon fodder, I think."

Frank Wright of the Fourth Raider Battalion fought on New Georgia. “Pastor Paul Redmond would go from dead person to dead person, reading them their last rites,” Mr. Wright recalls. “The corpsmen went from wounded to wounded to check them out, too. They’d mark them with a tag if they were dead. That was bad. You feel lucky, and you’re scared. Especially when you see someone you just talked to with a tag. But we were getting used to it. You’d think, Thank God I didn’t get tagged. It wasn’t easy for a young kid.”

Mr. Yost writes about military history for the Journal.

‘I have built a monument more lasting than bronze.’ –HORACE


RECONSTRUCTION The Pantheon in Rome. The original temple was built by Agrippa, and the inscription roughly translates as Marcus Agrippa, son of Lucius, in his third consulship, made this.

Empire Builders

Agrippa

Agrippa By Robert Harris Doubleday, 384 pages, \$32 BY MICHAEL F. BISHOP

IN A VILLA on the Bay of Naples, a dying general and statesman, only 50 years old, begins to record his extraordinarily eventful life in the short time left to him. He promises to present his

story faithfully; as he observes, “a dishonest memoir is as pointless as a book without a reader.”

The year is 12 B.C., and the memoirist is Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, who, despite obscure and unpropitious origins (“I came into the world feet-first—a dangerous way to arrive”), was the close friend and trusted lieutenant of the man who became Augustus, the first emperor of Rome. Together with his powerful compatriot, Agrippa witnesses—and helps bring about—the destruction of the Roman Republic.

Robert Harris employs this fictional memoir to dramatize the long relationship between Agrippa and Augustus. In Mr. Harris's telling, long before Augustus came to rule vast swaths of the earth, he was a sickly boy named Octavius, bullied by schoolmates until the far-stronger Agrippa became his protector. This earned Agrippa the gratitude of his friend's great-uncle, Julius Caesar, the conqueror of Gaul and dictator of Rome. With such lofty patronage, the two young men seemed to have a promising future. But a band of senatorial conspirators, jealous of Caesar's power and fearing for the republic, assassinated him on the Ides of March in 44 B.C.

Octavius and Agrippa were devastated, as the novel narrates, but they learned more shocking news. In his will, Caesar had declared Octavius—henceforth Octavian—his adopted son and heir. Though not yet 20, Octavian had become one of the most powerful men in the world. And he wasted no time in declaring to Agrippa and others that he should be addressed as Caesar, even if his power was far from absolute. Still fragile and sickly, he was dismissed by one rival, Agrippa relates, as “a flimsy scrap of a man hiding behind an enormous name.”

Robert Harris's novel recounts the fall of the Roman Republic through the eyes of the general who helped make it happen.

Mr. Harris's first novel, “Fatherland” (1992), was an eerily plausible crime procedural depicting a world in which Hitler had triumphed in World War II. Most of his many novels since have added a fictional gloss to historical events, including World War I and the Dreyfus Affair. Power and politics are the dominant themes in all of them, and in this work, Mr. Harris expertly depicts the political and military maneuvers employed by Caesar and Agrippa.

The former was forced to rule as one of a triumvirate with Mark Antony and Lepidus. Each was determined to overthrow the others and consolidate power. But the newly minted Caesar had an important ally in his old friend Agrippa, a natural strategist and leader of men. They quickly dispose of Lepidus and prepare for a showdown with Antony. Agrippa, a brilliant warrior on land, proves as formidable at sea. He oversees the rapid construction of a powerful naval force and confronts the combined fleets of Antony and Cleopatra, the queen of Egypt, at the Battle of Actium in 31 B.C. The bluff and businesslike Agrippa, not prone to exaggeration, deems it “the day on which the fate of the world would be decided.”

“Agrippa” is the fifth foray into the ancient world by Mr. Harris, whose works include a trilogy about Cicero and a thriller set in Pompeii on the eve of its destruction in A.D. 79. His Roman novels unsparingly present the strangeness and brutality of a distant time. Mr. Harris imaginatively renders the mindset of Agrippa, a figure whose interior life remains a mystery. As the author notes in an afterword, “Agrippa left behind no speeches, few letters and only a couple of sentences of direct quotation.”

The Battle of Actium forms the most exciting set piece of a thrilling novel, and readers share Agrippa's sense of astonishment at the triumph of his friend: "Caesar was the same age as Alexander the Great when he died. But his dominion was vastly larger, and he had the advantage over Alexander of being very much alive."

In Mr. Harris's sensitive portrayal, Caesar resents his dependence on the martial acumen of Agrippa, who soon chafes at his subordinate role. Caesar orders his friend to marry and divorce to satisfy dynastic imperatives, and forcibly adopts Agrippa's children when it suits him. But as much out of self-preservation as loyalty, Agrippa remains acquiescent. A familial secret makes it all the more urgent that he keep silent.

For all his military success, Agrippa tires of war and longs for more-peaceful pursuits. He proves as adept at building things as destroying them, and oversees large public works, including sewers, aqueducts and the original Pantheon in Rome. Only with the greatest reluctance is he drawn away from building sites to quell yet another provincial rebellion.

Caesar affected to disdain high office but in 27 B.C. maneuvered the Senate into bestowing upon him, as Agrippa relates, “the dignified honorific of Augustus—‘the Revered One’—close to, but not quite, divine.” The republic was no more; the Roman Empire had begun. Augustus would rule until his death of natural causes in A.D. 14. at the age of 75.

“Agrippa” is a swift-paced romp through a few crucial decades of Roman history, breathing life into a figure who played a central role in the story of the late republic. Politics may be “a filthy business,” as Agrippa observes, but in the hands of Mr. Harris, it is a drama of endless interest.

Mr. Bishop, a writer and historian, is the former executive director of the International Churchill Society and the Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Commission.

Love on the Backstreets of 1980s Jamaica


FICTION SAM SACKS

A group of gay men form a theater troupe in Jamaica. Drama and violence ensue.

AMONG THE STRONGEST sensations inspired by Marlon James's "The Disappearers" (Riverhead, 640 pages, \$32) is a nostalgia for 1980s pop culture. Edmond "Eddy" Porteous, one of the novel's narrators, is an 18-year-old gay man in Kingston, Jamaica, in 1988, and like many artsy young people he expresses his personality through the music he listens to. Eddy has a serious thing for Bruce Springsteen—his music and his skintight blue jeans. He loves Depeche Mode, INXS and Peter Gabriel, and has a soft spot for his younger sister's Debbie Gibson cassette. His favorite musician is Prince, but when the book begins, he's too frightened to buy the artist's new album, "Lovesexy." Prince posed nude for the cover and Eddy is convinced that merely being seen in public with the record would be tantamount to outing himself.

As Mr. James shows, music in Jamaica is never only music. The author's 2014 novel, "A Brief History of Seven Killings," is a howling, hyperviolent tour de force built around the real-life attempted assassination of Bob Marley in 1976. In "The Disappears," the panic that grips the country at the height of the AIDS crisis is stoked by reggae singers, whose songs promoting the murder of gay men become hit club anthems. The novel tells an angry, at times flailing, story about men who are victimized during this fever of antigay hatred.

Mr. James's main characters are men who have answered a flyer advertising auditions for a local theater performance. They had understood the audition call to be the kind of secret code that gay men used to organize their gatherings, but in this case there really is a play to perform. A stately, British-educated director named Havelock Titus wants to stage John Herbert's "Fortune and Men's Eyes," a brutal 1967 work about sexual violence in prisons. As Havelock explains, "the love that dare not speak its name speaks loudly behind bars."

The book's first section is told through Eddy's journal entries as he describes the contentious rehearsals that bring together a group of closeted Kingstonians of different ages, classes and levels of sexual candor. Mr. James captures the actors' sense of embattled defiance amid a Jamaica he portrays as increasingly unhinged. Eddy, a literature student, writes about a bonfire his university classmates make from the school's dormitory mattresses to burn away traces of the virus that causes AIDS. The violence finally collides with the theater troupe when a mob led by police officers and a popular reggae singer descends on a rehearsal, leaving one man dead and others injured.

"The Disappearers" continues in the bitter aftermath of the attack, advancing into the 1990s and early 2000s. The bulk of these pages are written in the voice of Eddy's castmate Jordan Brown, who is giving a rambling, unfiltered interview

THIS WEEK

The Disappearers By Marlon James

to a journalist from Out magazine. Whereas Eddy is middle-class and tacitly accepted by his family, Jordan was kicked out of his house and spent years living in his car. After he was wounded by the mob, he married a woman and was allowed back into his family's funeral business. He comes back into contact with Eddy and the two try to track down men from their group who seemed to vanish after the attack. Jordan's true, mind-consuming aim, however, is to return violence on the people who brought violence upon him.

It is through this streetwise character that Mr. James explores Kingston's gay underworld of hustling and rough trade. “You do realize that there is a Jamaica underneath this Jamaica,” Jordan tells Eddy early in the book. There is almost nothing redemptive in the depiction of furtive intimacies stolen in the shadows. Sex is marked by shame, distrust and exploitation. Society’s hatred, the novel suggests, begets a destructive self-hatred.

The unrelentingly raw and profane vision is enlivened by the energy of the writing, and in particular its infusions of Jamaican slang. Mr. James does not simply reproduce the island's singular patois; he uses it to create abrasive auditory rhythms. He also understands the humor in blending high and low registers. Eddy's journal entries are full of lines I feel confident have never before been committed to print: "I am so bombo-raas-claat bored I pick up a book on the metaphysical poets."

Yet even the verbal pyrotechnics grow repetitive without a developed story to give them purpose. Eddy's section is the novel's best—rich in characters and vibrant scenes, it captures both the light and dark of Kingston. When the book shifts to Jordan's perspective, it becomes mired in rage and obsession. Havelock re-encounters Jordan years after the

attack and finds himself caught in the firehose spray of a diatribe. “I’m not here to be your witness or confessor,” Havelock complains. But that is the way much of Jordan’s narration reads, a mixture of traumatized testimony, tortured confession and furious screed.

"The Disappears" is an unexpected arrival from Mr. James, whose previous two novels were the first two entries in his "Dark Star Trilogy," a wonderfully wild and mythic fantasy saga set in precolonial Africa. That Mr. James interrupted the series to write this book suggests an emotional urgency to the material, which may explain why the writing feels so despairing and disorderly—and why the ending, which I think is meant to represent a startling culmination of events, seems merely tacked on.

However difficult the novel's pain and desperation may be to endure, though, they leave a mark on the memory. There is a scene where Jordan and Eddy search for a missing friend from their play and meet his sister. She does not hate gay people, but she doesn't understand them either. If they aren't allowed family or security or the possibility of loving freely, she asks, what do they have? "Survival," Jordan answers. "We have survival."

ADAM BRICE/SHUTTERSTOCK

'You're a serpent; and there's no use denying it.' –LEWIS CARROLL


MORTAL COIL A death adder in the Pilbara region of Australia.

Serpentine Scandals

Snake Men

By Zach St. George

Norton, 272 pages, \$29.99

BY BRANDY SCHILLACE

S NAKE-OIL salesmen, reptile traffickers, unidentified flying objects and Robin Hood: These are all

part of Zach St. George's account of the eccentric Australian men who changed how we name earth's creatures. When it comes to snake handlers, you must prepare for tales that wriggle free of containment. "Snake Men," told with delightful humor and insight, takes readers on a journey through incongruity: amateur scientists, professional pique and the insatiable human drive to name everything, everywhere.

The scientific term for naming is taxonomy. In the 1700s the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus set about devising a system for arranging species through a two-part system we still use today. Each creature gets a generic name (for the genus to which its species belongs) and a second name to identify the species. Both follow Latin grammatical forms. By 1778 Linnaeus had put names to 12,000 animals and plants, a vanishingly small proportion of the millions of species on Earth. Exactly how many millions is, itself, a guess: It could be as few as eight million or as many as six billion. Based on the latter number and the historical rate at which species are discovered, Mr. St. George estimates that it “would take us something like 350,000 years” to name them all.

The itch to name isn't only about organization and preservation. The chance to name a species produces a curious sort of immortality for the bestowers: Their names might forever be attached to the animals, right after the genus and species. Sometimes the name can honor someone else. In 1998 Raymond Hoser, one of this book's eponymous Snake Men, named a Pilbara death adder after Richard Wells, a guru of herpetology (the study of reptiles): Acanthophis wellsi Hoser, immortality through nomenclature.

Mr. Wells had first upended the field of taxonomy in the early 1980s, when he fell afoul of the Australian Museum and Hal Cogger, then a herpetology curator there. Mr. Cogger had published his volume of the “Zoological Catalogue of Australia,” meant to contain every described species on the continent. Mr. Wells and his colleague Ross Wellington were outraged by its approach. They claimed that the work collapsed several species of snakes together in synonymy, meaning that different types of creatures were treated as if they were the same one. Mr. Wells and Mr. Wellington worried that this would make it far harder to get species protection, putting snakes and their habitats at risk.

The two men spent 80 consecutive hours holed up and writing “on printer sheets, on tissues, on toilet paper,” according to Mr. St. George. They produced a tome of their own, naming new species and resurrecting those that had been axed. Mr. Cogger had spent a decade on his book; the duo produced their response in a matter of days, working until Mr. Wellington fell unconscious to the floor. Mr. Wells pressed on, in a peculiar flow state that Mr. St. George says he attributes to alien intervention, the result of an earlier contact with a mysterious light in the sky. The author recalls an interview he did with the herpetologist: Despite this account not conforming to reality, “everything Wells was telling me made perfect sense,” he writes. Mr. Wells was “perhaps the most intelligent and charismatic person I’d ever met.”

Mr. Wells and Mr. Wellington had principled aims, and they both were respected herpetologists, (a role that does not require an advanced degree, even if that is the field preference). Yet their approach was more than a little eccentric. Instead of taking the work through the usual route of publication, Mr. Wells printed it in installments in a journal he edited, skipping over the usual vetting process and raising complaints of self-dealing from others in the field. The text also poked fun at the stuffiness of academic discourse: They named one new species after Darth Vader; another, a skink, they called “God of lustful enjoyment” (Libernascincus). Still another reptile was labeled “to set free the goddess of retributive justice” (Solvonemesis).

Mr. St. George notes that taxonomists often employ quirky names. He lists a particular genus of moths christened Eucosoma bobana followed by E. cocana, E. dodana, E. fofana and so on, in singalong fashion for 23 more variations. Species have been named for ex-spouses, for excrement, for wordplay and puns. Plenty repeat vulgarities for fun.

"The ratio of how important biological taxonomy is to how silly it is," Mr. St. George writes, "goes unmatched by any other branch of science." Messrs. Wells and Wellington said they hoped no one would think of their exotic names as "taxonomic vandalism." But they certainly started some sort of trend: From the Wells-and-Wellington controversy, Raymond Hoser's career was sprung.

The Australian state of New South Wales had passed its National Parks and Wildlife act in 1974. Under its strictures, Mr. Wells had been forced to turn over his reptile collection to a university, but the young Mr. Hoser refused to follow a law he thought of as unjust. According to his own evidence, his reptile collection was first raided when he was a boy of 14. By age 20 he had

Who gets to name a newly found species is an unsettled question in the world of biology.

been charged with keeping snakes without a license, and by 1984 he'd earned the name Snakeman of Redfern after police seized 50 live snakes and hundreds of frozen specimens. To escape what he considered persecution, Mr. Hoser moved to Melbourne, drove a taxi and wrote several books in which he claimed that the Australian authorities seized snakes in order to traffic them.

By 1998 Mr. Hoser remained anxious to establish his scientific bona fides. But Acanthophis wellsi Hoser, which was the first species Mr. Hoser named, provoked a controversy when he announced it. This creature had actually first been photographed in 1992, by a professional herpetologist at the Western Australian Museum, who intended to eventually describe the species. Mr. Hoser beat him to the punch, and this provoked the bested professional to write an article complaining that amateur herpetologists took shortcuts. Mr. Hoser was already battling the governmental authorities over his license to keep reptiles; now the scientific community had rebuffed him.

Styling himself an outlaw, Mr. Hoser would go on to fight for the rights of snakes and amateur scientists alike, becoming one of what Mr. St. George calls the “most prolific” taxonomists to ever live. Like Mr. Wells before him, Mr. Hoser founded a journal and began publishing new taxonomic descriptions. Soon, names proliferated—but though the descriptions followed the rules of the international code of zoological nomenclature, professionals argued the descriptions were unconvincing and sometimes wrong. Mr. Hoser considered this attack “a sinister tale of vendetta.”

Yet what happens when there are too many names, or when a single species is named twice? Scientists must take the new entry seriously, investigating to determine whether it can stand. Mr. Hoser, “fired with a spirit of rebellion,” overwhelmed this system, sometimes even describing new species secondhand, pulling descriptions from papers published by other people. The case would go all the way to the international commission on zoological nomenclature, with “taxonomic instability” in the balance.

Gregarious and wild, an outback renegade, Mr. Hoser has named more than 1,000 new species and an additional 1,000 genera—so that one of every 10 scientific names given to reptiles in the past 270 years is one he bestowed. His critics claim he has upended the foundations of classification; his allies, that he works in the name of conservation. Mr. St. George tells us that “the handwringing from across the globe” has resulted in a boycott against his work. Yet the earlier, less colorful names given by Mr. Hoser before 2000 will likely stand. As the herpetologist claims: “They’ll never take that from me.”

Snakes are part of our collected history; we fear them, we love them, we are often confused about them. But “Snake Men,” in the end, has far less to do with these lissome creatures than with the human beings intent on naming them. Mr. St. George does not merely tell their stories. He tracks them down, travels with them, portrays them in all their unusual specificity. Men like Mr. Wells and Mr. Hoser see themselves as bandit-heroes, Robin Hoods who redistribute the wealth of scientific nomenclature. Bouncing down dusty roads, performing at snake-handling parties, rescuing homeowners from vipers and thousands of creatures from nameless obscurity, the snake men appeal to the renegade in us all.

Ms. Schillace is the host of the Peculiar Book Club podcast and the author of “The Intermediaries.”

Childhood Memories of the End Times

Light While There Is Light By Keith Waldrop NYRB Classics, 216 pages, \$16.95

BY LUKE LYMAN

LIKE THE BOOK OF GENESIS, Keith Waldrop's "Light While There Is Light" is the history of a family that doesn't quite get along. This forceful memoir recounts the Waldrop house-

hold's pilgrimages across America's Holy Spirit-scorched heartland. Everywhere the members of the family go, they wait for the Messiah, or at least a little cash.

Waldrop (1932-2023) would become a literature professor at Brown and the author of touchingly attentive poetry. The youngest son in a hodge-podge home, he wrote this memoir in 1993, gazing over his family's 20th-century history. The slim book explores American mysticism and a moral framework in ruins as his clan zigzags from Kansas to South Carolina, Illinois and elsewhere. His homespun tongue, spiked with horror and humor, echoes Flannery O'Connor and Emily Dickinson. Like those two ladies, he has a knack for conveying both sweetness and sudden violence.

The tale begins with Waldrop's mother. Opal, pretty as her namesake, is an intelligent woman with nothing to do and no man she can find her equal. After two humiliating divorces, Opal has made the salvation of her oafish children her primary concern. So begins their religious odyssey. "This old world is going to rock and reel," she warns one cigar-smoking son, "and it isn't going to be long now."

A parade of preachers unsuccessfully tries to provide relief before Judgment Day. Preacher Hatchel does his best, but is too distracted by his secret project stockpiling gas masks and Arctic underwear beneath his Bible college. Preacher Bamm is too busy throwing his daughter's vanities out into the yard. Both men look lukewarm beside J.W., an “enormous, balloon-like” exorcist. Armed with a shotgun and acting “in the blessed name of Jesus,” J.W. goes blasting devils across Appalachia.

For Waldrop's half-brothers, Charles and Julian, the sermons never quite sink in. The firstborn, Charles, loves his Luger and cannot keep track of a job or his second wife—a witch, according to his mother. Julian joins the Air Force out of boredom and deserts for the same reason. He also marries a witch. Both brothers are prone to possession by Ouija board. Idle time is filled with talk of the “Old Antichrist” and the religious implications of UFOs.

Saints also populate Waldrop's world. Miss Yodle, the family's uptight neighbor, styles her hair "in tight little braids twisted around her skull, giving her head the air of a victim." Her commode is in a backyard outhouse. One day, Charles repurposes this shack as a shooting target. A passerby peers over the fence and asks, "with a wide grin: 'Is she in there?' " Miss Yodle rarely complains. The boys laugh at her afflictions, but the smile turns to shame when she later shows up at the Waldrop home begging forgiveness. Her sin? "She had, she said, had evil thoughts about us." The family pays her back by breaking eggs into a crack above her apartment.

In other words, Waldrop's family is a piece of work. But despite his loved ones' flaws—and the burdens they heave on him—Waldrop refuses to condemn them. The source of his bewildering restraint becomes a mystery concealed on every page. These are people for whom 20th-century progress felt a lot more like regression, and certainly the source of moral confusion. The Fall is less a one-time event than a perpetual process. Opal expresses horror at “all these highways and modern conveniences.... Don’t we see sin all around us?”

Waldrop does. In the world of “Light While There Is Light,” fathers desert boys, boys rob mothers, mothers sabotage boys, boys pray for their father’s demise and so on. Darkest of all is an endemic longing for death. His mother yearns for it. His teenage crush, afflicted by illness, welcomes it. His brother does nothing to avoid it. Friedrich Nietzsche—that old Antichrist—damned Christianity as “the embodiment of disgust and antipathy for life, merely disguised” as hope for a better afterlife. In their worst moments, Waldrop’s neighbors prove Nietzsche right.

But no one should be judged by his worst moments. Waldrop's own belief is more subtle. He borrows his title from Christ. While foretelling his imminent death, Christ tells his followers: "Walk while ye have the light." Some of the Son of God's adherents might have muddied the waters, Waldrop seems to say, but the guy had the right idea. "As for death," as the author writes in one of his brightest poems, "at the moment I think it strangely overrated."

Mr. Lyman is an associate editor at the New York Post.


HOLY ROLLER Waldrop's half-brother Julian. An auto lot, 'Used Car Heaven,' was one family business.

‘You fall in love with Rome only gradually, a bit at a time, and for the rest of your life.’ –NIKOLAI GOGOL

A Russian's Renaissance

Evocations of Italy By Pavel Pavlovich Muratov Northwestern, 912 pages, \$140

BY ANA SILJAK

ONE OF THE most melancholy cultural histories is that of the short-lived Russian Renaissance. Beginning in approximately 1890, it was intended as

a humanist revival and a cultural regeneration in a world rendered barren by industry and technology. Later named the Russian Silver

of chess, you chart a course of right angles." This is an apt description of Muratov's writing style. He briefly comments on the works of Giovanni Bellini and Tintoretto, but then pauses to examine at length the work of the 18th-century artist Pietro Longhi. In Longhi's paintings, Muratov is fascinated by the Venetian culture of the mask: an expression of the city's "gloomy opulence." Masked Venetians are like "fantastic and sinister night birds," and include, Muratov speculates, an occasional nun seeking pleasure.

Florence and its surroundings move Muratov profoundly, especially because this region

1485), which Muratov declares “the most beautiful painting on earth.” Muratov pays similar homage to Dante, asking us to climb the steep Florentine stairs leading to the basilica of San Miniato, from which we can gaze at the city on which Dante had “wagered his stern and gentle soul.”

The volumes are not all art and culture—Muratov happily includes long digressions on the life and adventures of the 18th-century libertine Giacomo Casanova and the less well-known but no less remarkable Christina Alexandra, the Swedish queen who left her throne in the mid-17th century to seek a life of sen-

around what must once have been a pagan altar. He invites readers to stretch out on the ground next to him: "Lying in the shade of the Sacred Wood, you begin to notice the faint smell of soil, newly sprouted grass, evergreens....Nature is filled with the anticipation of spring....And yet, a sudden sorrow takes hold of you. Why can this moment not last forever?"

The translation of “Evocations” into English by Lena Lenček is done flawlessly, and the thick paper on which the text is printed has a luxurious density. Only one unfortunate choice mars the whole—the original reproductions of art-

Age, the movement was called “our Renaissance” by its participants. Alas, after a brief 30 years, the Bolsheviks strangled the infant renaissance in its cradle. What might have been if this movement had lasted?

The writers and artists who named their movement the Russian Renaissance did so under the spell of Italy. Almost every pre-1917 Russian artist and intellectual, regardless of means, took a Grand Tour to the land of Sandro Botticelli and Dante Alighieri. They were encouraged by Pavel Pavlovich Muratov, a Russian art historian and prolific essayist. “Evocations of Italy” (1911-16), his beautifully produced three-volume guide to Italian art, history and geography, became the most eloquent Russian expression of love for the Italian Renaissance.

Nothing in Muratov's youth predicted his passion for art. He was born in 1881, the son of a military doctor. He was sent to the cadet corps and fought in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05. Shortly thereafter, he left the military to pursue his true love, Italian culture. By 1908 he had met and married Evgenia Paganuzzi, a Russian-Italian dancer, and together with her embarked on his first tour of Italian cities. So began the travels that are depicted in “Evocations.”

GIDEON BOSKER

Muratov traverses miles of road and centuries of culture. The three volumes that constitute “Evocations” are extraordinarily difficult to categorize. They are at once memoirs, guidebooks and essays on art. Muratov read the works of those who had traveled on the Italian Grand Tour before him: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Walter Pater, Vernon Lee. “Evocations” is, in part, a tribute to all of them.

Readers accompany Muratov as he explores museums and chapels, squares and passageways in Italian cities both large and small. Every description is poetic. Wandering the “maze” of streets in Venice takes patience, he tells us: “Proceeding like the knight in a game best expresses the 15th-century Renaissance, or Quattrocento, in which he senses “the beating of a great heart pulsing with pure and noble blood.” The culmination of this period is the art of Botticelli, a humanist painter who hauntingly depicted a “lost” heaven, and who proposed a “new mankind, doomed to live beneath an indifferent sky on a ravaged earth strewn with the fragments of shattered beliefs.” This sensibility undergirds the mournful mood of his “Birth of Venus” (ca.

sual and intellectual pleasure in Rome.

This may seem like a whirlwind of impressions, but Muratov's volumes have a slow and deliberate pace, one meant to contrast with the noise and speed of his own time. Readers' senses are engaged as Muratov pauses in one place or another, such as in the Campagna on the outskirts of Rome. There, on the banks of the Almone, he finds the Bosco Sacro, a "sacred grove" composed of "several ancient holm pines arranged in a perfect circle"

work that appear in the original Russian editions are replaced by lovely but abstract images (at left) by Gideon Bosker designed to evoke the text. The reader thus misses the ability to see what Muratov painstakingly describes.

In the final pages of the third volume, World War I breaks into the narrative. Muratov is in Venice, listening to newsboys announce the assassination of the Aus-

Quattrocento Italy came alive for readers in early 20th-century Russia via the uniquely personal writing of Pavel Pavlovich Muratov.

trian archduke. By the time Volume 3 was published, war had begun. Muratov abandoned art and returned to the army, and then, after the 1917 Revolution, devoted his skills to famine relief. For his service, Muratov only garnered suspicion: He was arrested and imprisoned. He fled the Soviet Union for good in 1922.

As an exile in Italy, Muratov continued his endeavors to keep the Russian-Italian connection alive and sought to reconnect the scattered Russian Renaissance. He organized events and conferences, and Russians attended his cultural soirees in Rome on Tuesdays. The exiled Russian writer Nina Berberova ecstatically recalled touring Rome with Muratov as her guide: “He loved Italy and taught me to love it.”

Despite Muratov's efforts, the Russian Renaissance withered, and Russia's connection to Italian culture dissipated. Muratov died a forgotten man in 1950. The republication of “Evocations” is a long-overdue tribute to the brief brilliance of Russia's cultural revival, a rediscovery of something that should never have been lost.

Ms. Siljak is a professor of humanities at the Hamilton School for Classical and Civic Education at the University of Florida.

Children's Literature, For All Ages


CHILDREN'S BOOKS KATIE DANIELS

At their best, today's books for young readers retain a wonder books for adults now lack.

CHILDREN'S BOOKS, and the adults who write them, receive their fair share of gentle condescension and polite dismissal. Or not so polite. “People ask me if I ever thought of writing a children's book,” Martin Amis told the BBC in 2011. “I say, ‘If I had a serious brain injury I might well write a children's book.’”

This snide pronouncement clearly struck a nerve, as it appears in both Mac Barnett's "Make Believe" (Little, Brown, 112 pages, \$20) and Katherine Rundell's more pointedly titled "Why You Should Read Children's Books, Even Though You Are So Old and Wise" (Knopf Books for Young Readers, 80 pages, \$17.99). Mr. Barnett has published more than 60 books for children and is currently the national ambassador for young people's literature. Ms. Rundell is the author of the "Impossible Creatures" series. Their two recent books for adult readers make the impassioned case for reconsidering children's literature.

Children deserve good stories as much as grown-ups do. The problem is that children don't decide which books get written and published for them—that's done by adults. And in Mr. Barnett's telling, we grown-ups frequently get it wrong, too often confusing a good lesson with a good story. "Make Believe" promotes a more expansive definition of what a children's book can be: "The best stories for kids—like the best stories for adults—tell the truth about what it means to be a human in the world."

Mr. Barnett's jaunty tone occasionally slips into glibness, which caused a controversy when “Make Believe” was published this spring. Early in the book, Mr. Barnett references the science-fiction writer Theodore Sturgeon’s dictum that “ninety percent of everything is crud.” Mr. Barnett blithely amends the statement for children’s fiction: “Maybe more like 94.7 percent of kids’ books are crud.”

The joke didn't land. More than 250 members of the children's-book community signed a petition calling for the Library of Congress and the nonprofit Every Child a Reader to address the “incredible harm” caused by Mr. Barnett's comment. The petitioners also took issue with Mr. Barnett's use of the word “didacticism” to describe the heavy-handed moralizing so common in children's books. The word, they wrote, has been “used as a cudgel and dog whistle to decry the necessary diversification of children's literature.”

There's nothing in “Make Believe” to indicate that when Mr. Barnett laments didacticism, he's referring to a specific

THIS WEEK

Make Believe By Mac Barnett

Why You Should Read Children's Books, Even Though You Are So Old and Wise By Katherine Rundell

type of book or writer. The offending remarks are situated within a nuanced, thoughtful chapter on what makes good art. It's a shame that the infighting over “Make Believe” distracts from the merits of a book that is, in all respects, a tribute to the possibilities and promise of children's literature.

Ms. Rundell, though she's published her fair share of children's books, hesitates to define children's literature. She only says what it is not: exclusively for children.

As is clear from her book's title, Ms. Rundell rejects the idea that our reading lives should follow a linear progression toward ever-more challenging books. If this were the case, she points out, there'd ultimately be nothing left for us to read but modernist behemoths such as James Joyce's "Finnegans Wake" (1939). Children's books, revisited with adult eyes, can be a kind of tonic. "It's to children's fiction that you turn if you want to feel awe and hunger and longing for justice," she writes, "to make the old warhorse heart stamp again in its stall."

For a jaded adult, reading children's books can also recall the discoveries of a younger self. Ms. Rundell movingly describes her own childhood, when reading provided refuge from the “raucous panopticon” of life with her large family. Like Mr. Barnett, she draws a throughline from her experience as a young reader to her vocation as a writer. For her, writing a children's book means capturing on paper “the things that I most urgently and desperately want children to know and adults to remember.”

Ms. Rundell, who is a fellow at Oxford and has published a biography of John Donne in addition to her children's fiction, is a playfully erudite writer, referencing Aristotle and Cinderella with equal fluency. Her lively treatise sketches the evolution of primarily English-language children's literature from 15th-century conduct manuals (in which nose-picking features heavily) through the golden age of British and American children's fiction in the mid-19th to early 20th centuries (think Neverland and Oz).

It's an invigorating reminder of how many classics of literature are shelved away in the children's section. You could read "Make Believe" and "Why You Should Read Children's Books, Even Though You Are So Old and Wise" and walk away with plenty to think on. Or you can head straight for the nearest library to see for yourself what all the fuss is about.

NEWS QUIZ DANIEL AKST

  1. Dolly Parton, superstar entertainer and philanthropist, died at 80. In which of these films did she not appear?

- A. "9 to 5" - B. "Fried Green Tomatoes" - C. "Steel Magnolias" - D. "The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas"

  1. The year's first U.S. measles fatalities appeared in which state?

A. Louisiana B. Pennsylvania C. California D. Idaho

  1. The FDA approved a new drug for pancreatic cancer. What's it called?

A. Gemzar
B. Abraxane
C. Rasonque
D. Xeloda

  1. In an escalation of trade tensions with Canada, President Trump signed an executive order to change the name of Lake Ontario to what?

○ A. Lake Trump ○ B. Lake America ○ C. Lake MAGA ○ D. Lake Michigan

  1. A cyberattack triggered a global outage of key operational technology at which enterprise?

- A. Liberty Mutual - B. Fidelity Investments - C. Boston Scientific - D. Boston Beer

FROM TO Answers are listed below the crossword solutions at right.

From this week's Wall Street Journal

  1. Vanguard Group struck a \$4 billion deal to buy a fintech platform. Which one?

○ A. Benefactor ○ B. Eleemosynar ○ C. Empath ○ D. Altruist

  1. CIA chief John Ratcliffe made a surprise visit to Moscow—for what primary purpose?

○ A. To warn against attacking NATO

○ B. To propose a ceasefire in Ukraine

○ C. To begin talks on ending the Iran war

D. To negotiate Russian rare-earth exports

  1. Who recorded the largest trade surplus (\$114 billion) with the U.S. in the first half of 2026?

○ A. China ○ B. Taiwan ○ C. Mexico ○ D. Vietnam

  1. Zoox robotaxis are the first without steering wheels and pedals to charge for rides. Who is behind them?

○ A. Amazon ○ B. Google ○ C. Tesla ○ D. Geely

PLAY

NUMBER PUZZLES

These puzzles have been curated for The Wall Street Journal by Simon Anthony and Mark Goodliffe of Cracking The Cryptic, the world's most popular YouTube sudoku channel.

Killer Sudoku: Freeze Frame by CtC Normal sudoku rules apply. Digits in a dotted cage cannot repeat and sum to the total shown.

2829
2320209
81617
10518
292392131
19718
6

X Traction by CtC Normal sudoku rules apply. Digits cannot repeat on a marked diagonal.

51
279
36
45
54
63
72
481
98

SOLUTIONS TO LAST WEEK'S PUZZLES

Killer Sudoku

738146925
254978613
916532847
163497582
589261374
427385196
871623459
695714238
342859761

For previous weeks' puzzles, and to discuss strategies with other solvers, go to WSJ.com/puzzles.

Square Bashing

139574628
642983751
857162349
261735984
478296513
395418276
914327865
783651492
526849137

To see the puzzles solved, go to The Wall Street Journal playlist on the Cracking The Cryptic YouTube channel.

Nope!

Marching Bands

COMETOBRIGADO
SLIGHTSUPREMO
CABRIDESLOREN
INEEDITWARNED
SALEMALLOCATE
AVOWSTORMEDIN
BARONSTALONS
SHAHWINORLOSE
TAPSONAMOUNTS
RETAILERALERT
OREIDANONEBUT
PASTEURCROTCH
SEVILLARENEGE

Answers to News Quiz: 1.B, 2.B, 3.C, 4.B, 5.C, 6.D, 7.A, 8.D, 9.A

THE JOURNAL WEEKEND PUZZLES edited by MIKE SHENK


Set Piece | by Gary Larson & Amy Ensz

Across 1 "Slaves of New York" author Janowitz 5 Agitated state 9 Iconic 1980s burger 14 Dramatic singer 18 Caravan stops 19 Burner setting 20 Loud, as a crowd 21 Big times 22 Fan club devoted to president George W.? 24 Fan club devoted to disco legend Donna? 26 Shapiro of NPR 27 Crocheter's creation 28 Ooze 29 Some singers 30 Should really not 32 Hardy works 34 Jimmies 35 Italian wine region 36 Headley of "Coming to America" 38 Hammer part 39 String quartet instrument 42 Verizon acquisition of 2006 44 Without wheels, in a way

47 Fan club devoted to "Succession" actor Jeremy?
51 "Works for me"
53 Brave opponent
55 Acapulco gold
56 Clothesline alternative
57 Met expectations?
58 Spot
59 Scottish misses
61 Gold mining troughs
63 Mediterranean island nation
64 You can RSVP to them by clicking
65 Loser to Fischer in 1972
66 President before Jimmy
67 Ladies of Spain
68 Like faces on cold days, sometimes
69 New staffer
70 Trebek of "Jeopardy!"
71 Practice that strives to harmonize yin and yang
72 Pentathletes use them
74 Connections
75 Some NFL sackers
76 One in it for the long haul

77 Fan club devoted to romance writer Danielle? 79 On both banks of 81 Rank for PBS's Morse or Tennison 83 Tennis's Murray and Roddick 84 Goals 85 Fertile soil 87 Bakery stock 91 Convenience stores 93 Monopoly octet 96 Bunch of scoundrels 98 Swaggering, maybe 99 Libertine 100 Bakery buy 103 Driller's org. 104 Fan club devoted to "Casino Royale" actress Eva? 106 Fan club devoted to "Only Murders in the Building" actor Martin? 108 Provoke 109 Blazing 110 Formally surrender 111 Buddies 112 Bull by the sea 113 Joined the 10K 114 Has a mortgage 115 Above

Down 1 Bull in the sky 2 Back up 3 Unimpressed response 4 Only character in all seven Narnia books 5 Catch, as flies 6 Approaching 7 Crested lizard 8 Accepted standard 9 Tricky billiards shot 10 Barbaric 11 Some stadium features 12 Bed table item 13 Amount past due 14 Taper off 15 About to explode 16 "Come on!" in La Paz 17 Death on the Nile causes, perhaps 18 President born on an island 23 Small salamander 25 Once in a blue moon 31 Pioneering DVR 33 Fan club devoted to Sex Pistols bassist Sid? 34 They may be collared 36 Kills, as a dragon 37 Fabled also-ran

38 John and Denny, in a 1960s rock foursome
40 Nonstudio films
41 Shrek and Fiona, e.g.
43 Mischievous
44 Singer Mariah
45 "Teardrop of India"
46 Make oneself at home
47 City in California's Monterey County
48 John of "Face/Off"
49 Flush
50 "Live long and prosper" speaker
52 Eager agreement
54 Maze stopper
58 Bollywood garment
60 Label for Booker T. & the M.G.'s and the Staple Singers
62 Shaped in a shop, in a way
63 Far from sufficient
65 It's a piece of cake
66 Avarice
68 Modem measures
69 Some first-time voters
71 Cuts back
73 Sch. support groups
76 Neptune's largest moon
78 Teacher's deg.
80 Chapel Hill athlete
82 "The Bald Soprano" playwright
86 Forswear
88 "My pleasure"
89 Hail Mary instruction
90 Milky Way ingredients
91 Organizing expert Kondo
92 Express through eight states
93 Bagel-shaped
94 Startlingly odd
95 Excited, with "up"
96 Fragment
97 Bakery enticement
98 MLB team VIPs
99 Tennis's Nadal, familiarly
101 Ore source
102 "Iliad" warrior
105 Round number, of a sort
107 Traitorous singer


Go Ask Alice | a cryptic puzzle by Ed Dennison

Normally in crosswords, two intersecting answers meet on the same letter. This puzzle has nine squares where the two letters are different. At each of these squares, retain only the letter that makes both the Across and Down answers into actual words or phrases, and circle that letter. You will create nine new words, namely the words that changed because of the retained letter. The circled letters, reading across the rows from top to bottom, will spell out where to look to see those new words in a new light, if you look closely at the grid.

Across 1 Discard Southern trash (5) 5 Oh dear! Drifting dust initially accumulated (7) 11 Bug planted in DiCaprio's shelters (4-3) 12 Speaker's entire opening (4) 13 Don't spend interest-free coins possibly ever (8) 14 Interrogate Republican wearing underwater breathing apparatus? (5) 15 Friend cut short question about Alaska (6) 16 Ambush dorm supervisor wrapped in toilet paper (4) 19 Take to Civil War general catching traitor (8) 20 Lawrence hosts morning break (4) 23 East German with discharge (4)

24 Sea creatures unmatched in muscles (8) 29 Audibly assembled pole on a boat (4) 30 Most difficult to find right answer with remainder (6) 32 In the end, perfumers rent boutique (5) 33 Put back unalloyed titanium ahead of planned breakout (8) 34 Nights before, chalet's roof features in a discussion (4) 35 A breeze is part of Fresno's weather (2,5) 36 Biblical woman, around 50, greeted from behind (7) 37 Diplomatic agreements pass laws (5) Down 1 Snubbed freshly made delights (8) 2 Young marsupial in team lunch spot (7) 3 Sitarist Shankar tossed oil with pasta dish (7) 4 Pitch excellent director from Taiwan (3,3) 5 Sound from a pigeon atop quiet henhouse (4) 6 Take on donkey and Aussie runner going north (6)

7 Flightless birds share crackers (5) 8 Brilliantly hapless entry method announced (5) 9 Seasonal workers head off egos (5) 10 Active individual rode badly (4) 15 Question a sailor somewhere in the Persian Gulf (5) 17 Ingot turned up at coastal city (5) 18 Cobblers perhaps emphasized lifts (8) 21 Ruling: Bananas ripe now (2,5) 22 Humble taking run with a true desert dweller (7) 24 Allows mother to return imported beer (6) 25 Scott award showcases indigenous peoples (6) 26 Worry about starter of veal cut into pieces (5) 27 Animated supervillain with the Spanish food that's bland (5) 28 Hike is after ginger soda (5) 30 Sounds like we had unwanted growth (4) 31 Upscale bagels in penthouse (4)

▶ Get the solutions to this week's Journal Weekend Puzzles in next Saturday's Wall Street Journal. Solve crosswords online, get pointers on solving cryptic puzzles and discuss all of the puzzles online at WSJ.com/Puzzles.

In her new book, Priya Parker aims to help managers deal with workplace issues.

The Conflict Resolver Who Wants Us All to Fight More

Author Priya Parker argues that we need to quarrel smarter and more often if we want to get along and get ahead

BY PAMELA PAUL

There's a certain inevitable logic to following up a book about hosting meaningful gatherings with a

book about interpersonal conflict. Yet Priya Parker, an independent facilitator and strategic adviser to corporations, nonprofits, political organizations and multigenerational families, initially shrank from the prospect.

“I am a conflict-averse conflict resolution facilitator,” Parker, 43, admitted. “I think that’s why I’m effective. I have deep empathy for the people in the room who also want to flee.”

The daughter of an anthropologist and a hydrologist, Parker was born in Zimbabwe and moved to the U.S. at age 4. Her parents' divorce was a formative lesson in the importance of navigating conflict.

“People were shocked when they separated because they never fought,” Parker said by Zoom from her Brooklyn apartment. “I learned from a young age that there is great loss in avoidance.”

After earning a dual master's degree in public policy from Harvard's Kennedy School and in business from M.I.T. Sloan, Parker set up her own practice—as the person organizations call in after a blowup, whether it's the midnight ouster of a CEO for unspecified misconduct, a mass layoff or a manager's perceived slight in a meeting. Once they've done their own internal investigation, the lawyers have come and gone and the PR and brand people have

spoken, Parker's job is to help the company figure out how the people involved can move on.

Her first book, “The Art of Gathering: How We Meet and Why It Matters” was published in 2018 and came out in paperback at the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, an inopportune time for a book celebrating convening in numbers. But “The Art of Fighting: The Transformative Power of Conflict,” out Sept. 8, couldn’t land at a more fitting time. Just months before what looks to be yet another acrimonious election, Parker hopes to give people reasons to resolve fights and the tools to help them fight well.

How did you go from a book about the "Art of Gathering" to the "Art of Fighting"?

It started to crystallize for me in the summer of 2020, a time of many internal organizational reckonings. I was both watching and reading about all these groups imploding; it was companies, friend groups, church groups, Boy Scout troops. And because of the nature of my work, my in-box and DMs were lighting up. I had a front-row seat to some of those Zoom reckonings. Sometimes it was about a company's decision about whether or not to make a statement after George Floyd's murder, which could lead to staff getting worked up in Slack channels about what was said—or not said—and whether they considered a statement either banal or performative. These situations often triggered larger breakdowns around cultural issues. Often, there'd be an internal accusation of racism or some kind of formal complaint, which would lead to an internal or external investigation.

Particularly within progressive organizations and movements, there were internal sacred cows that prevented dialogue. In one such circle, an indigenous activist took issue with my use of the word “tribe.” It’s about trying to expand the possibility of dialogue beyond the boundaries of those most offended. As a facilitator, all this was incredibly challenging. To be in a room with people is a huge part of our work. If someone runs out crying, you can follow them to a bathroom. Whereas in a Zoom, anyone can hit a button and exit. Organizations and individuals are confused about how to navigate these dynamics.

In the book, you use the term "the artful fighter." What do you mean by that?

An artful fighter is somebody who has deep group intelligence. Who can hold healthy heat and help people, including themselves, articulate their opinions and not have a culture of blowback for stating those opinions. Someone who helps hold and protect different voices in a group through difficult, fruitful, generative conversations.

It seems like in an uncertain economy, people are fearful of any conflict that could jeopardize their job. How should we be thinking about this differently? One of the most prevalent challenges for leaders in a modern workplace is the lack of face-to-face conversation. If people don't know one another, the leap to conflict is higher risk. And in the AI era, the challenge is about how to create deeply human teams so people foster those connections.

In the workplace, conflicts often involve multiple parties. How do group fights operate differently? In a one-on-one fight, the majority of what's needed is communication skills. How to speak so someone listens, how to make eye contact, how to focus on what's happening between two people.

But a group is a complex organism. Those communication skills are still necessary, but a group needs to be held.

On some level, it's a coordination problem. In a group of 20 people, who speaks first? In a town hall, if you have 800 people in attendance, asking for questions at the end is a false mechanism. To address a conflict, you must determine the right size and structure for a meeting up front; $90\%$ of the success happens before people even enter the room.

The tendency is to bring everyone together to work it out with the goal of being inclusive and giving people the chance to feel heard. But you say it's not always a good idea to democratize the Zoom. What are the risks? When we only had a physical room to meet in, you can only have so many bodies at the table. A Zoom includes more people but it's also a boundaryless space. So we tend to over include because we haven't thought about the purpose of the Zoom and determined who really needs to be part of that process.

In what other ways does technology potentially exacerbate fighting? Take Slack, for example. Slack is tinder for group conflict. What Slack did was radically change who could put what on the agenda. Letting anyone start a Slack channel that any other employee could join meant any employee could create an instant community to rally around a cause. It doesn't resolve conflict but instead metastasizes it. Many reckonings began on Slack in companies I've worked with. People haven't yet created digital rituals for resolving them.

You write that a collapse in community is in part due to our inability to manage conflict. Connect those dots. Our conflict aversion is exacerbating our loneliness. It's leading us to exit, ghost or leave a group or situation rather than stay and face friction. It's creating shallower and more fragile relationships and communities. Healthy communities need love, but they also need conflict.

How would you persuade someone who has been actively avoiding a specific fight with a friend or spouse or a colleague to get down to it and pick a fight? Well, first, I do not say that all fights are worth facing—some are better to avoid. But if you decide it is worth it, I would say, People don't fight about the things they don't care about. The idea is not about fighting with those you hate or a stranger on the internet. It's about how to fight with those you want to belong to. Those relationships need heat and vibrancy over time to stay relevant.

MASTERPIECE | FALLINGWATER (1937), BY FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT

A House at One With Nature

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT'S Falling-water, the house suspended above a waterfall, is invariably photographed from downstream, looking up at it and its welter of projecting terraces. We see seemingly weightless planes, hovering above immortal bedrock. No other view is so dramatic or lucid. When you see the image you grasp the essential logic of the house: a structure at one with nature.

That unforgettable view has brought Fallingwater worldwide fame, which is quite a legacy for something envisioned as a private lodge for weekend getaways, 65 miles south of Pittsburgh. Its greatness was obvious from the beginning and its prestige has never waned. Since 1963 it has been administered by the Western Pennsylvania Conservancy and open to the public. Having recently completed a \$7.5 million restoration project, Fallingwater is throwing what it calls a 90th-anniversary celebration on Aug. 29. (Construction began in 1936 and the building was finished the following year.) It looks clean and vibrant, and deservedly so, for it is the most significant American house of the 20th century.

Wright won the commission at a time when the Great Depression had destroyed his practice. He was

67 years old and during the previous five years he had built only one house. He even published his autobiography, but instead of summing up his career, it restarted it. The book captivated Edgar Kaufmann Jr.—the son of a Pittsburgh department store owner—so much so that he enrolled in Wright's Taliesin Fellowship. He introduced Wright to his father in late 1934 and the timing could not have been better.

Edgar Kaufmann Sr. wanted to build a new weekend house for his property at Bear Run, a densely wooded site. The only object of visual interest was a narrow ravine with a waterfall, and Kaufmann wrongly assumed that the house would face it. Wright set him straight: "I want you to live with the waterfall, not just to look at it."

From the beginning, Wright had sought to integrate his buildings into their natural settings. A devoted reader of Thoreau and Emerson, he had a profound love of nature. But he also embraced the modern industrial world; one of his first essays was “The Art and Craft of the Machine.” To reconcile nature and the machine was the central challenge of his career, and to build a house directly over water posed it in the most acute fashion.

Here his admiration of naval architecture stood him in good stead. He had sailed to Japan seven times and appreciated the efficiency and sleek forms of luxury liners, which were as modern as the most functional contemporary building. When he called his Robie House in Chicago a Dampfer (the German word for steamship), he was paying it a compliment. But that was a metaphor, and at Fallingwater the resemblance was much more tangible.

As in an ocean liner, where one enjoyed life on deck, the principal experience of Fallingwater was to be outdoors. Its essence was its array of cantilevered terraces, set at right angles to one another and projecting deep out into space. These converged at a low stone tower, suggesting the central superstructure of a ship, around which its decks are moored. The bedrooms themselves differ from those of his typical houses and in character are more like staterooms, comfortable private cabins for sleeping between your turns on deck.

By contrast, the living room on the lower level—a 48-by-33-foot space that would be the equivalent of the salon on a luxury liner—is almost primordial in character. Its stone fireplace comes to rest on what appear to be colossal boulders deposited by the last vagabond glacier. Here the airborne concrete terraces above were anchored to the earth, reconciling the products of the machine with nature, making Fallingwater the definitive example of what Wright called his “organic architecture.”

It is rare for a natural vista to be made more beautiful by inserting architecture into it. Usually the best we can hope for is that it does not spoil the view. But Fallingwater graces its setting. It does not obscure the waterfall but describes it, just as clothing can make the human form beautiful, by emphasizing its lines and contours, and letting us see them more vividly. In much the same way, Fallingwater's projecting trays of space, which step up and outward, are a poetic paraphrase of what lies below, the stepped cascade that is nature's own staircase.

Wagyu is pronounced wah-GYOO. The word translates to 'Japanese cow,' but the beef comes from only four cattle breeds native to Japan.

Wagyu's Prime Time

The Japanese beef, prized for its melt-in-your-mouth quality, has taken over America. Grill it before summer ends—or during tailgate season.

BY ADAM CHANDLER

The best Japanese Wagyu is designated by the A5 label, created by the Japan Meat Grading Association.

ALKING ABOUT Wagyu, the prized Japanese beef, it's easy to stumble into poetry.

Jumpei Sakai, who imports it, unintentionally spoke in haiku when

asked about Wagyu: "It has a tender / texture, so you don't really / need to chew the meat." Jess Pryles, a live-fire cook and the author of "Prime Cuts," offered her own lyrical description: "Wagyu gives a buttery richness and so easily melts over your tongue."

The word Wagyu (Wan-GYOO) translates to "Japanese cow," but the beef comes from only four cattle breeds—the Japanese Black, Japanese Brown, Japanese Shorthorn and Japanese Polled. Their meat is regularly likened to snowflakes, in part because of the intricate patterns in its fat marbling, but also for the way that it dissolves in your mouth. My first Japanese Wagyu meal at a steakhouse—a

Salt is typically the only seasoning Wagyu needs. Wasabi and soy sauce are often served with it, too.

My first Japanese Wagyu meal at a steakhouse—a Please turn to page D7

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OVER THE MOON How one writer got hooked on chasing solar eclipses around the world D8


JUSTIN METZ FOR WSJ
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HERE COME THE BRANDS The brides turning to sponsors to foot the bill D9


SAM ALTMAN'S TICKER The OpenAI founder fancies a custom-designed Vanguard watch D2


SIPPING TO SUCCESS How a little wine know-how can offer a leg up at work D4

A New Tech-Titan Status Symbol

Seven super-rare watches were produced for OpenAI's Sam Altman and six others with the company

WATCH THIS OpenAI's custom timepieces were made in collaboration with Vanguard.


CASUAL SOPHISTICATION / SERIOUS WATCHES WITH SPORTY STRAPS
Sam Altman sports a roughly \$650,000 Greubel Forsey watch.

BY ANDREW ZUCKER

THERE are many status symbols in Silicon Valley. Homes with views of

San Francisco Bay. Cybertrucks. Also on the list are watches, a staple of titans across industries.

Meta founder Mark Zuckerberg recently wore a \$1.3 million watch from F.P. Journe, the luxury Swiss maker. OpenAI founder Sam Altman is also a watch guy, whose wrist has sported styles including a roughly \$650,000 piece from another Swiss maker, Greubel Forsey.

Another watch in Altman's arsenal is more personal—a custom design with OpenAI branding that was created earlier this year by Vanguart, an eight-year-old Swiss watchmaker. Altman ordered seven to be made.

Modeled after Vanguard's titanium Orb watch, which starts at \$180,000, the OpenAI timepieces were for select company personnel. They are of a piece with the clothing being sold by OpenAI and other tech firms, which has given the companies the sheen of being lifestyle brands.

Altman, through an OpenAI spokeswoman, did not comment for this article. News Corp, owner of The Wall Street Journal, has a content-licensing partnership with OpenAI.

Roughly a third of Vanguart's 33 employees worked on the OpenAI proj-

Roughly a third of Vanguard's 33 employees worked on the OpenAI project.

ect, said Mehmet Koruturk, chairman and co-founder of the watch company.

The timepieces have a sporty rubber strap and the ability to switch between automatic and manual winding. Several geeky flourishes were added, including a quote attributed to Altman, “COMPUTE IS DESTINY,” which was engraved in capital letters around each watch’s rotor. Another popular Silicon Valley term, “SCALING,” was engraved in all caps on each’s crown pusher.

The OpenAI logo is featured on the watches, and an inscription on the back of each—"if AGI.aligned: deploy()”—was written in the programming language Python. That detail was suggested by Axel Leuenberger, Vanguard's CEO and co-founder.

“It means that AI needs to be used for peaceful purposes,” Koruturk said.

Easter-egg details are a signature of Vanguard's custom designs, Koruturk explained. "We try to do subtle tributes embedded for those who know where to look."

Part of Vanguard's proposition to watch enthusiasts is exclusivity. The company's ready-made pieces are only sold in the U.S. at Material Good, a watch and jewelry store in SoHo. Koruturk said the company has produced fewer than 200 watches. The luxury Swiss maker Aude- mars Piguet, by comparison, makes around 50,000 watches every year (it has more than 3,000 employees).

Vanguard's watches are not the only styles with OpenAI branding. In a recent post on X, Boris Power, the company's head of applied research, said Tudor, a sister company of Rolex, had manufactured 400 watches with OpenAI's logo on their dials. On their backs, the watches have the phrase "Good Research Takes Time," a slogan that has also been used on T-shirts sold by OpenAI. A Tudor representative declined to comment.

Georgia Benjamin, who works in product design at the software company Adobe, is part of a watch-enthusiast group there. She has been working with the British watchmaker Studio Underd0g to make custom styles with Adobe branding—the plan is to make 128 and offer them only to company employees, for around \$1,200 each.

Benjamin, who owns about 40 watches, said that working in Silicon Valley can feel like being a part of a large family. “Having something physical to symbolize that makes you feel like you’re in this insider club,” she added, referring to tech-company-branded timepieces.

Watches with designs nodding to other tech giants—including Meta, Alphabet and Amazon—have also proliferated in recent years, according to Eric Ku, the co-founder of Loupe This, which auctions watches online.

Earlier this year, his company sold a custom Tudor watch with Amazon branding at auction for \$8,250. Loupe This is currently auctioning a Tudor Black Bay 54 watch customized with Meta's logo on its dial. The watch, made this year, has more than a dozen bids on Loupe This, for as high as \$10,500. Standard Tudor Black Bay 54 watches with a metal bracelet typically cost \$4,725.

“People like collecting things that are unusual and uncommon,” Ku said. But not all watches with custom branding command top dollar, he added. “People might find them kind of ugly.”

Audemars Piguet Royal Oak Offshore Diver Watch, \$32,900

IWC Schaffhausen Pilot's Venturer Vertical Drive Watch, \$28,200

Hublot Classic Fusion Titanium Green Watch, \$8,700

▶ Gucci Dive Watch 36mm, \$2,650

Timex Harborside Coast Multifunction Watch, \$159

Bulova Black Dial Silicone Rubber Maquina Watch, \$875

Your Guide to a Better Self-Tan

New tanning products, taking inspiration from no-makeup makeup, promise radiance without making you orange or smelly

BY FIORELLA VALDESOLO

F

OR A long time, tans from a bottle were something of a joke. "Tanning used

to smell so bad, look orange and fade so ugly," said Erika Vasco, founder of the Tan Edit, a business offering spray tans and self-tanners.

But the booming interest in skin care in recent years has rubbed off on tanning products, which typically use dihydroxyacetone, an active ingredient known as DHA, that creates brown pigments when it reacts with the keratin protein in the skin's outer layer.

Getting a glow down Experts say that self-tanners' formulas have been redeveloped to be more lightweight, less orange and less smelly. Heavy lotions and creams have been replaced by mists, drops, essences and toners. The use of higher-quality DHAs in products has been said to yield more consistent golden-brown tones.

Call it a glow-up—or rather, a glow-down.

Isabel Alysa, a tanning professional with two product lines, Sunnee BAEskin and Dolce Glow, linked the latest generation of self-tanners to the no-makeup makeup beauty trend. The point of self-tanning today is for people not to know that you've done it, even if you're using various products.

fined and make muscles pop," she explained.

Products have evolved from the days when one shade was expected to suit various complexions. More brands are noting their products' color undertones to make it easier to find one that complements your skin tone.

Vasco, who is Colombian, has darker skin—she said those with complexions like hers should opt for products with a violet undertone. If you're very fair and have more redness in your skin, Vasco suggests a tanner with a green undertone.

Self-tanning tips Make sure to exfoliate the face and body 24 hours in advance, and don't apply moisturizer the same day you apply self-tanner. "You want the skin bone-dry so it can suck in all the tan," Mur-gatroyd said. Using tanning mitts or brushes in a swirling motion can help evenly blend and distribute products in more challenging areas like the ankles, decolle-tage and knuckles.

Vasco says to apply tanners to your stomach area last—this helps to avoid uneven distribution as you move around to get other areas of your body. In the days after applying a tanner, generously hydrate the skin with moisturizer. Applying a small amount of hand cream before using a tanning product can help minimize orange

Tanners ‘blur imperfections, even-out skin tones, make legs look smoother and more defined and make muscles pop.’

Jennifer Fisherman-Ruff, 56, a publicist in New York City who has been using tanners for nearly three decades, said she recently started using a mist from the Tan Edit on her neck, chest and arms.

“What I like best is that it has no obvious smell and it doesn’t transfer on clothes or bedding,” Ruff said about the mist. “I can use it quickly right after the shower.”

Know your undertones Peta Murgatroyd, a professional dancer with a line of tanning products called Peta Jane, said the intention of modern tanners is less about darkening skin than enhancing it. They are being used "to blur imperfections, even-out skin tones, make legs look smoother and more depalms—an immediate tell that your tan came from a bottle.

When customers come to Vasco for spray-tans these days, most have the same request, she said: “‘I just want something to make me look healthy, I don’t want anyone to know that I tanned.’”

At the tanning chain Sugared + Bronzed, custom airbrush tans are meant to deliver a similarly fresh look. "A spray tan provides a radiant base, so people can wear less makeup," said Sugared + Bronzed founder Courtney Claghorn.

Ashley Fodor, 39, a director of innovation at a retail company in New York City, compared her Sugared + Bronzed spray tans to a good facial.

“You walk out of there with goddess skin,” she said.

MAINTAINING THAT SUMMER GLOW / A SELECTION OF MODERN SELF-TANNERS

  1. Saltyface Coconut Tanning Foam, \$59
  2. The Tan Edit Water Veil, \$44
  3. Dolce Glow Dolce Self-Tan- ning Mist, \$49
  4. Self Glow By James Read End- less Summer Gradual Tan Moisturiser, \$59 at Credo
  5. Isle of Para- dise Tinted Self- Tan Mousse, \$35
  6. Peta Jane Beauty Self-Tan- ning Face and Body Mist, \$42

Serpentine

PAUL MORELLI

Serpentine Hoops

You'll be ready for any pour in no time.

BY EMILY SALADINO

W

HEN a cli- ent handed Aani Ner- lekar the wine list

at a 2023 business dinner in a sleek San Francisco restaurant, Nerlekar knew it was a make-or-break moment.

"The guy had just spent two weeks in Napa, visited eight wineries, joined three wine clubs, sent cases of wine home, the whole thing," he recalled.

Nerlekar, a 39-year-old fintech professional in the Bay Area, started getting into wine in his mid 20s. The bottle he selected for the business dinner, a Cabernet Sauvignon, was from a winery that he had recognized from his travels to vineyards. His choice was well received, prompting chatter about other wineries to visit. “It built a level of trust,” Nerlekar said.

Power lunches and on-the-

Many people across industries say that wine knowledge can still offer a leg up at work.

clock golf outings may no longer be commonplace, but many people across industries say that wine knowledge can still offer a leg up at work. Some are investing in classes designed for wine professionals, with the hope that their education might open career doors.

Belinda Chang, a James Beard Award-winning sommelier in Chicago, said she has been approached by business school students and financial executives to lead workshops on how to navigate wine lists in corpo-

rate settings. They have paid fees ranging from hundreds of dollars to thousands of dollars, respectively, she added. "I don't

I don't think of it as a soft skill, I think it's a hard skill," Chang said. "How can you advance into leadership roles and entertain clients unless you know how to host, how to read a wine list and how to order?"

While others were perfecting their sourdough loaves or getting into birdwatching during the pandemic, Facundo Monteiro Kempf, a 35-year-old who works in cybersecurity for


WINE NOT? Knowing your vintages is a hard skill, one expert says.

Drink Like You Mean Business

For the high-powered set, being able to read a wine list—and order for the table—can still be the ultimate flex


The Wine & Spirits Education Trust is a professional accreditation institution.

Microsoft, was memorizing Burgundian vineyard classifications. Monteiro Kempf, who lives in Miami, completed two levels of coursework at the Wine & Spirits Education Trust, a professional accreditation institution. Its rates vary by loca-

tion; in Miami,

two courses that Monteiro Kempf took would cost about \$1,400. Learning about wine has helped Monteiro empf maintain

Kempf maintain

longer-term relationships with like-minded colleagues and clients, he said. These days, he often shares tasting notes and bottle recommendations with business contacts via text messages and on the wine app Vivino.

Nearly half of those who enroll in courses offered by the Wine & Spirits Education Trust work in industries other than hospitality, said Dave Rudman, a partner and managing director at the International Wine Center in New York, where many people complete the coursework.

Some go so far as to receive diplomas from the Wine & Spirits Education

Trust, Rudman added—a level of accreditation that many full-time wine professionals don't ever attain. Diploma coursework alone can cost nearly \$10,000. It requires 130 hours of class instruction, five exams and a

3,000-word research paper.

Others take a less-structured approach to learning. Jennifer Ward, the 51-year-old owner and managing partner of a law firm in Philadelphia, has studied wine independently for years. Every few months, she invites colleagues and clients to attend virtual Wine Down tastings led by an educator from Dutton-Goldfield, a Sonoma winery she likes.

"There's something about wine that gives everyone the permission to slow down and connect," Ward said. "You should be your authentic self in how you engage business."

A genuine passion for wine can only enhance a technical education, said Ed Zimmerman, a partner at the New York law firm Lownenstein Sandler.

Zimmerman recalled a business dinner where he carefully selected a bottle and told the table why it was particularly meaningful to him. The conversation subsequently became more personal, he said, imbuing a sense of wine-soaked camaraderie into an event that otherwise might have been business as usual.

“You find your people and pursue the things that are interesting to you,” Zimmerman said. “I’ve never played golf and I never will.”

How to Order Wine Like a Boss

Eager to take the lead at a business dinner, but don't yet have that wine-school diploma on your wall? These tips will help you channel a sommelier.

Ditch the rules You can absolutely pair white wine with beef. Opt for high-acid, textured whites like a dry Riesling, Chenin Blanc or Champagne. You can also pair red wine with fish—go for lighter-bodied reds without a lot of tannins like a fruity Beaujolais or a lean German Pinot Noir.

Numbers game When deciding how much wine to order, the general rule is approximately one glass per person per hour, Chang said. A standard pour is 5 ounces, so you'll need at least one half-bottle per person for a two-hour dinner.

Money talks Sommeliers may ask the person holding the wine list how much they're looking

to spend. If it feels indelicate to answer aloud, point to a few comparably priced options.

Some like it hot Spicy foods make high-alcohol, tannic red wines like Cabernet Sauvignon taste bitter—and can amp up the heat of your dish. Instead, opt for lower-proof reds such as Grenache or bubbly Lambrusco. Alternatively, order a dry rosé or white wine like Riesling.

Stem theory Any time you pick up a wine glass, hold it by the stem. Cradling the bowl in your hand warms the wine, smudges the glass and makes it hard to swirl and release all those conversation-starting aromas.

OFFICIAL OUTFITTER OF THE US OPEN


RICH VIEW Looking at Lake Joseph, aka "Billionaires' Row," in Muskoka from the grounds of Sherwood Inn.

Canada's ‘Hamptons’ on TV

The Ontario region of Muskoka, known as the ‘Hamptons of the North,’ is being introduced to a new audience thanks to shows like ‘Sterling Point,’ ‘Heated Rivalry’ and ‘Summer House Canada’

BY ESTHER ZUCKERMAN

WHEN YOU speak to people about Muskoka, the 2,500-square-mile-region of Ontario a couple of hours from Toronto, they

tend to drop the word “magical.” How else to describe a place with more than a thousand lakes, where you can ride a Jet Ski to a Pilates class?


When ‘Sterling Point’ creator Megan Park isn’t barbecuing and enjoying bonfires in the area, she likes to visit these places.

Long a vacation destination for Toron-toians, the north-of-the-border escape has landed on the maps of TV watchers the world over because of its appearances in multiple popular shows.

Muskoka is the setting of the new series "Sterling Point," a teen drama that has climbed to the top of the Amazon Prime Video charts since debuting earlier this month. "Summer House Canada," an international edition of the hit Bravo reality show, is currently filming its debut season in Muskoka. In "Heated Rivalry," the much-buzzed-about gay hockey romance, the pro-

‘It was this clinically nostalgic, timeless, beautiful place that everyone wishes they could go back to,’ said Megan Park, creator of TV’s ‘Sterling Point.’

tagonists escape to a “Quebec” cottage that is actually in Muskoka.

Muskoka's many small-screen appearances are intensifying interest in a place that some have recently begun referring to as the "Hamptons of the North." That reputation comes partly from its association with celebrities: Cindy Crawford and Rande Gerber have property in Muskoka, while other couples—Blake Lively and Ryan Reynolds, Victoria and David Beckham—have been spotted there.

The shores of Lake Rosseau and Lake Joseph in Muskoka are sometimes called “Millionaires’ Row” and “Billionaires’ Row,” respectively. Last year, Ritz-Carlton Residences opened on Lake of Bays, another in the region, with prices starting at around \$6.5 million.

Jay Katzeff, the president of Canadian rental and real-estate company Cottage Vacations, said he has seen a 110% bump in the number of reservations next summer compared to this time last year. Some customers are citing “Sterling Point” as their reason for wanting to book Muskoka properties, Katzeff added.

Jayne McCaw, who manages the rentals for the “Heated Rivalry” cottage, said that it is now almost fully booked for the rest of 2026. The property, which is located in the Walker’s Point area on Lake Muskoka, was featured in an Airbnb promotion earlier this year. Its owner has not yet opened up bookings for 2027, McCaw said.

“Sterling Point,” which is set on a fictional Muskoka island with that name, was filmed on Lake Muskoka, Lake Rosseau and Lake Joseph, near the towns of Bala and Port Carling. The show follows a teenage New Yorker, Annie (Ella Rubin), who travels to Canada after learning that her estranged grandfather had died and willed her his land.

Megan Park, the show's creator, grew up in Lindsay, Ontario, and often traveled to Muskoka with her family. "It was this clinically nostalgic, timeless, beautiful place

The ‘Quebec’ cottage the love interests in ‘Heated Rivalry’ escape to is actually in Muskoka—and seen above and at left. The cottage is now almost fully booked for the rest of the year, according to a manager of the property. Below, Mary Lake, one of the more than 1,000 lakes in the area.

Muskoka Hot Spots


Jack & Stella For a true Muskoka experience, grab your coffee to-go at this Bala, Ontario, shop, but leave the car home. "You can boat up to it," Park said. "I did that with my daughter a few times and it's really cool."


York & Mason Along with the equally adorable Rosseau General Store, this cafe in Port Carling was one of the inspirations for the Little Gem, where the kids of “Sterling Point” work and hang out.


Beveragino The Mediterranean restaurant, which has a waterfront patio, is one to book for a fancier dinner.

that everyone wishes they could go back to," said Park, who also set her 2024 movie, "My Old Ass" starring Aubrey Plaza, in the region.

When pitching “Sterling Point” to Amazon executives, Park said she used a sizzle reel cobbled together from home videos filmed in Muskoka. Rewatching them, she was struck by how the area has become more crowded.

“It was so hard for us to find an old cottage for us to film at because they are all being torn down and these megamansions are being built everywhere,” Park said.

Plotlines in “Sterling Point” often center on the tension between longtime locals and wealthy vacationers.

Park acknowledges that her portrayal of Muskoka in the series might play a complicated role in its future.

“I hope that our show highlights the beauty of it in a way that people will go and responsibly enjoy Muskoka,” she said.

Some viewers who know Muskoka are proud of the fact that “Sterling Point” is actually letting the place portray itself. Meghan Wainwright, 32, has been spending summers in Muskoka since she was a kid.

"The fact that Muskoka is such a prevalent part of the show and they're like, 'We are going to a party on Rosseau,' and just going into places in the various towns, it's so realistic," she said. "I think it's so cool to put Muskoka on the map and give it its flowers."

Wagyu Breaks Through

Continued from page D1

4-ounce rib-eye served with was-abi alongside vinegary dishes and pickled vegetables that cut against the fat—changed everything. The meat was packed with beefy, but-tery and umami flavors, without the iron bite of other steaks.

Wagyu has become more prevalent across the country, because of factors at home and abroad. In Japan, the yen has weakened as the supply of Wagyu has risen, creating a surplus. In the U.S., a growing network of importers has made the meat more accessible. Sakai, who sells it wholesale, said in recent years, his rates for Wagyu strip loins have fallen from \$65 to \$41 per pound.

Retail prices for Japanese Wagyu often start between \$100 to \$120 per pound, although you typically consume smaller portions because of its richness. With prices for other types of beef at record highs, Wagyu has a better value proposition—and with grilling at its late-summer peak and tailgate season ahead, there are many opportunities to try it.


An American Wagyu burger served at Yankee Stadium in New York.

Why Japanese

Wagyu is special As Wagyu's reputation went global, the Japanese cattle that gave the meat its name were briefly exported and crossbred in the U.S. and Australia, spawning new varieties with Wagyu branding, but not all of the same distinctive qualities.

"Some Wagyu is going to be an incredibly rich, intense experience, and other Wagyu steaks are going to leave you wondering: 'I don't get the big deal because they're very similar to Prime?" said Pryles, the live-fire cook, using the American term for gold-standard beef set by the

In addition to upscale restaurants, Wagyu has become an offering at stadiums and fast-food chains, including Arby's.

MATTERS OF MARBLING


Unlike beef from cows raised domestically, above left, Japanese Wagyu features intricate patterns in its marbling due to high fat, above right, which creates a rich, buttery flavor.

USDA. “That has a lot to do with the dilution of the name Wagyu.”

Beyond its taste, Japanese Wagyu is distinguished by the extreme attention taken in producing it. Cattle receive specialized, highly regulated care and expensive feeds of barley, corn, alfalfa and rice bran. That fastidiousness is a reason for Wagyu's high prices—and is underscored by a national system in Japan that makes the birth date, breed, farm of origin and processing history of each and every cow traceable through a 10-digit code.

The rise of A5 Wagyu As domestic suppliers have continued to boost their production of Wagyu from cattle raised in America, the U.S. market for Wagyu in all its varieties has grown to \$1.8 billion and is on pace to reach \$3 billion by 2034. In addition to upscale restaurants, Wagyu has become an offering at stadiums and fast-food chains, including Arby's, which has served it in burger form.

To distinguish Japanese beef from Wagyu produced elsewhere, the Japan Meat Grading Association created the A5 label, which is given only to the highest-quality

Japanese cuts.

“Grading is defined by looks,” said Sakai, the importer. “A5 Wagyu has more fat, which you see from the marbling inside. That’s what determines the highest grade.”

Many places—Arby's included—are not using A5 Wagyu. But several others are. The American chains Fleming's Prime Steakhouse and STK Steakhouse sear A5 cuts table side. The Japanese steakhouses Yakiniku Great, in New York City, and Jo'Seon Wagyu, in Dallas, feature A5 Wagyu omakase dinners. You can even find A5 beef at Disney World, in nigiri form.

Three pounds of A5 strip steak go for \$349 at Costco, which sells the beef in some stores and online. The Wagyu Shop, another of A5's many online sellers, offers a box of five different cuts for \$349. Mitsuwa Marketplace, a fast-growing Asian grocery chain, sells packages of thin, hot-pot-ready A5 cuts for \$120 per pound.

I recently found A5 Wagyu strip loins available at a specialty butcher near me in New York City, paying \$64 for a half-pound cut that served two. After cradling it the entire way home like a Faberge calf, I felt like writing a sonnet. I settled on making dinner instead.

How to cook Wagyu To prepare my beef, I relied on the sage advice of Wagyu experts by cooking it in a stainless-steel pan quickly at high heat, using only salt for seasoning and pairing it with wasabi and soy sauce.

Chef Shoji Tsugawa, the executive chef at Yakiniku Great, a Wagyu omakase restaurant in New York City, and others I spoke with

A BEEFY BONANZA Clockwise from top: A bowl of A5 Wagyu steak is served with rice and uni; Japanese Wagyu steak served alongside uni and scallions; and Japanese Wagyu steak being prepared. The star of the show here is the beef, so show it some respect—cook it in a stainless-steel pan quickly over high heat. And no need for butter—gasp!—or any exotic rubs. Season it only with salt, pair it with wasabi and soy sauce and prepare to wax eloquently about it.

recommended removing beef from the fridge about 30 minutes before cooking it.

“That allows you to quickly develop a flavorful crust while keeping the inside moist,” Tsugawa said.

Because of its high fat content, A5 Wagyu cooks quickly; placing the meat at the center of your pan and cooking it with an eye toward medium-rare is a good approach. Wagyu's flavor is built in, so don't go heavy or exotic on your seasonings and use just a little olive oil or a neutral cooking oil. "There's no need for butter," Tsugawa said.

Sakai and Tsugawa highlight the punch of wasabi and the salty complexity of soy sauce as complements to Wagyu. "Wasabi has always been my best buddy when trying some Wagyu," Sakai says. "The kick from the wasabi, that sensation, will cut down the fat."


Wagyu for sale at Costco, where 3 pounds of A5 strip steak go for \$349.

HERE COMES THE SUN The moment totality disappeared and the sun re-emerged during the Aug. 12 solar eclipse.

Awed Among the 'Eclipse Chasers'

Traveling the globe for celestial events might seem downright loony—until you get a taste of the addictive world of chasing solar eclipses

BY PAMELA PAUL

O NCE CONSIDERED a portent of end times, a solar eclipse is an undeniably eccentric way

to orient a vacation calendar.

Hopping around the globe in pursuit of a cosmic coincidence—those rare instances in which the moon, 400 times smaller than the sun, traverses it while 400 times closer to the Earth—requires a significant amount of time, money and dedication. It means going

places you may never have wanted to go, sometimes at the worst times of year, with no guarantee that the spectacle won't be rained out. To the uninitiated, it can seem downright loony.

I am now one of those lunatics. Which is how I ended up in León, Spain, on Aug. 12.

My conversion came in 2017, in Casper, Wyo. I watched a near-high-noon sun darken the sky while a halo of light stretched around the circumference of the distant horizon—a 360-degree glimpse of daylight from beyond the zone of totality.


See You Next Year

Birds hushed. Dogs barked and then quieted. People grinned and then gasped, some with tears streaming down their faces. There was a palpable unified purpose among those who gathered.

The result was a kind of secular transcendence, a communal experience in which everyone looks skyward, collectively transfixed. I knew at once that not seeing this again was not an option.

These days, thanks to astronomical science and modern air travel, a total solar eclipse is the kind of thing one can plan a life around. Though unable to fly to Chile for the eclipse in 2019, I made it to Buffalo, N.Y., in 2024 and then to León.

The latest was my third time swallowing the expense and impracticality of following eclipses. In the world of astro-tourists, for whom a partial eclipse barely registers and missing a year feels like an abdication, that makes me an amateur.

“We’re eclipse chasers,” Lorraine Whitman Check, 84, a former rocket scientist from the Upper West Side of Manhattan, told me when asked what brought her and her 90-year-old husband to sun-burned León during a heat wave. Her first eclipse, seen in 2006 from a cave in Cappadocia, Turkey, made Whitman Check hyperventilate and her husband cry. They were hooked.

“It was glorious,” said Whitman Check, now on her fifth. “For me, there is something sacred about the eclipse. It’s the face of God I don’t believe in.”

The next solar eclipse, on Aug. 2, 2027, looks to be a blockbuster. The moon will be near its closest point to Earth, resulting in unusually long periods of totality over North Africa. It's been dubbed the ‘eclipse of the century.’

Location, Location There are multiple options, depending on your priority. In Egypt, totality is projected to last for more than 6 minutes. In Tangier, Morocco, the chance of clear skies is high—and you'll have plenty of post-viewing excursion options, like the legendary Caves of Hercules. Alternatively, stick to Europe and watch from the Rock of Gibraltar, overlooking the Mediterranean

Sea, where you can expect more than 4 minutes of totality.

Book Now Hotels are filling up fast, as are organized tours, like a cruise with National Geographic that will watch the eclipse from the Strait of Gibraltar (from around \$27,000). Sirius Travel is organizing a Nile cruise, from around \$7,300, that ends with an eclipse viewing in the ancient city of Luxor.


Luxor, Egypt, is a prime spot for the 'eclipse of the century' in 2027.
'It was glorious,' said a witness to the Aug. 12 experience. 'For me, there is something sacred about the eclipse. It's the face of God I don't believe in.'

Whereas momentous earthly phenomena like tidal waves, hurricanes and tornadoes inevitably involve disaster, their celestial counterparts (meteor showers, lunar eclipses, the aurora borealis) inspire unadulterated, transportive awe. An eclipse takes place beyond our planet. It is, by definition, otherworldly.

My vista for this year's eclipse was the cliffs of Mirador de Las Lomas, 45 minutes outside León, where a line of seekers snaked along the cliffside in either direction. Like others, I'd landed on the spot via Reddit forums discussing the benefits of various vantage points (a clear, treeless view, a suitable backdrop, access by foot). In town that afternoon, people described staking out different sites in the lead-up. My fellow chasers had come from Scotland, from France, from Australia, from the U.S.

León is an important stop on the sacred Camino de Santiago, but the eclipse made for a different kind of pilgrimage.

Afterward, along the winding descent, I met Alex House, a 36-year-old former airman. He and Olivia Walker, a 30-year-old firefighter, had come to Léon from Clearfield, Utah. Both were euphoric and eager to share the story of their first eclipse.

“Did you see that diamond ring?” House had asked Walker the moment the glowing corona of totality disappeared and the sun re-emerged. Yes, she replied.

"Do you want to see another one?" he then said, producing a ring from his pocket. Yes, again.

“She said yes!” House cried out to the gathering of onlookers. They broke into cheers and applause, cheered again when the eclipse ended, and once more an hour later when the sun set, a burnished ocher illuminating Léon’s cathedral. An outpouring of gratitude.

It's a feeling no cloud can fully dispel. Two years ago, in Buffalo,

Whereas momentous earthly phenomena involve disaster, their celestial counterparts inspire transportive awe.

I gathered alongside a sizable crowd in a public park, all of us audibly pleading with nature as the eclipse arrived only to be muted by cloud cover. Even so, we were united in a moment of reverence.

For some, unpredictability only heightens the drama.

"When you have that level of anxiety over the clouds, it juices the experience," Elliot Borgman, a 77-year-old retired astronomer from Lansdowne, Penn., told me over breakfast the morning after August's eclipse. It was his 21st, 17 of which were "successful," he said, adding that the clear conditions in Léon had made the most recent one almost too easy. But all of them were worth it.

His first was in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico, in 1991. Afterward, Borgman said, “Like most people who see an eclipse, I was like, ‘Oh, my God, when’s the next one?’ ”

Brides Make Bank

As wedding spending rises, brides are borrowing from influencers' playbook, finding sponsors to pay for festivities


BY CHAVIE LIEBER

A RLESIA McGowan was trying on wedding dresses a few months

ago in her bedroom when she decided to share her options on TikTok.

A 29-year-old marketing professional in New Jersey, McGowan had only about 2,000 followers but racked up millions of views. The reach made her wonder: Could she monetize her virality to help cover the costs of her wedding, even without a huge social-media following?

The answer was yes.

McGowan has since negotiated various sponsorship deals to offset costs of her June 2027 nuptials at a New Jersey mansion. Her audience on TikTok is now nearing 16,000 followers. She has received discounts on some items, like candles, while others—including invitations, bridesmaid dresses and groomsmen tuxedos, even her wedding gown—were free.

Spending on weddings rose 8.5% the first half of this year compared to last, ac-

cording to a recent Bank of America Institute study, partly because inflation and tariffs have driven up the cost of flowers and liquor. Last year, the average cost of a wedding was \$34,200, according to a study involving more than 10,000 couples from the wedding-planning platform The Knot. The study also reported that 31% of participants sought financial

'I'm not going to be thanking Capital One on my wedding day,' one bride said about being genuine.

support from family, or through credit cards or loans.

Taking a page from celebrity influencers' playbook, non-social-media-famous brides like McGowan are saying “I do” to paid brand collaborations to monetize their big day, as well as the events leading up to it.

“This niche does so well,” McGowan said of wedding content, which before filling social media feeds had filled many an entire magazine. "So, of course, I'm going to capitalize on it." In exchange for posts on her social-media accounts, McGowan got The Knot to underwrite her invitations, and CBTK Bridal in Detroit to provide her dress—its owner, the bridal designer Takudzwa Chiduma, reached out to her after seeing her on TikTok. McGowan says she's saving thousands of dollars.


Adriana Fernandez's bachelorette party was sponsored by fashion line Yakira Bella and hosted at the founder's home.

Other sponsored brides have had Bombay Sapphire pick up the tab for boat rides and booze at bachelor-ette parties. Gap has paid brides-to-be to wear its dresses at engagement parties. Liquid IV is paying for its packets to pop up inside bridesmaid goody bags. In return, brides—because the trend often applies to them—are expected to meet “deliverables,” which mostly means promoting companies online and disclosing that they’re paid to do so.

“It’s the most effective way of marketing,” said Briana Severson, CMO of the wedding planning platform Zola, which can pay brides up to \$150,000 for collaborations. When a couple announces their engagement, Severson added, “it’s like they’ve set up a giant billboard.” The bigger a bride’s following, the more lucrative their wedding can be.

Naomi Hege, a 25-year-old bride in Indianapolis with about 3,000 Instagram followers, scored a \$350 check from Zola in exchange for posting about her wedding website on the platform.

Hege, who works in sales for the Indiana Pacers, was married on Aug. 21. She said she is also being paid by a local nail salon and waxing parlor—to the tune of \$600 per post—for promotions related to her nuptials. “Every partnership that comes in where I get money is going to the wedding,” Hege said. “After that, it’ll go to buying a house.”

But she has not taken every opportunity that has come her way. Hege said that a GLP-1 company reached out to her, but she didn't reply. "You don't want to feel not genuine," Hege said. "Like, I'm not going to be thanking Capital One on my wedding day."

Earlier this year, Brigette Pheloung McHale, a 29-year-old influencer in New York City with 1.8 million TikTok followers, raised the bar for sponsored bachelorette parties. Freebies for McHale's April event included a private jet and a villa in St. Barts from Swan Beauty, a company that sells an AI smart mirror.

For her wedding this June, Jade Mitchell Clyde leveraged her audience of about 158,000 Instagram followers to get sponsorships from Minted, a stationery company, and Brilliant Earth, a fine-jewelry retailer. Mitchell Clyde, a 27-year-old influencer in Los Angeles, charges brands \$3,000 to \$30,000 for collaborations, she said, depending on the length of a partnership and the type of post.


SHE SAID YES The influencer Brigette Pheloung McHale, above and left, got L'Oréal to pay for promotional posts related to her nuptials and raised the bar for sponsored bachelorette parties, receiving jet rides from Swan Beauty.

In addition to free jets, influencers with followings as large as McHale's could get between \$50,000 and \$150,000 for brand collaborations. Brands that paid to be featured in some of McHale's wedding content included the cosmetics companies L'Oréal and Essie, and Poppi soda. McHale also didn't miss the opportunity to promote a new bridal loungewear collection from her rising fashion line, Phe Phe.

Her posts promoting Swan Beauty during her bachelorette party generated exposure and new business for the company, said Colby Mitchell, its CEO and co-founder. "It was like a reality show all weekend," said Mitchell, who procured the jet for McHale through family connections.

But business owners who don't have access to private jets are just as willing to indulge brides. Emily Gerszberg, the founder of Yakira Bella, a line of modest fashion, recently put \$50,000 of her company's funds toward the bachelorette party for Adriana Fernandez, who posts about Jewish culture on TikTok to an audience of some 107,000 followers.

Many of Fernandez's followers are the target customers of Yakira Bella, said Gerszberg, who also temporarily vacated her family from their 8-bedroom house in Englewood, N.J., so it could be used as the venue

Followers For Favors

Brides' follower counts listed with some of the payments or freebies they received

3,000 From \$350 to \$600 per social-media post

16,000 Free wedding gown, invitations, bridesmaid dresses and groomsmen tuxedos

107,000 \$50,000 toward a bachelorette party

1.8M Free private jet and St. Barts villa for bachelorette party

for Fernandez's party. The bride-to-be's posts about the weekend of tennis, swimming, gifted clothes and meals resulted in more e-commerce sales and social-media followers for Yakira Bella, Gerszberg added.

Fernandez, 29, secured other freebies for her late August wedding in New Jersey, she said, including bridal hair and makeup, a custom gown and a wig that would retail for about \$10,000. Even so, she said she won't turn a profit on the event.

“I don’t think people realize—even if you get some stuff sponsored, the wedding is still insanely expensive,” Fernandez said.


Newlywed Jade Mitchell Clyde charges \$3,000 to \$30,000 for social-media collaborations.


Arlesia McGowan at a fitting for her custom gifted wedding dress from the designer Takudzwa Chiduma, left. Chiduma reached out to McGowan after seeing her on TikTok.

RUMBLE SEAT

Let the New Model Y Take You for a Ride

Facing stiffer competition from rivals, Tesla's updated Model Y relies on street-savvy Full Self-Driving software to maintain edge


The Model Y features an astringent interior design with most controls and selectors in the center touch screen.

BY DAN NEIL

M

Y APOLOGIES. Sorry I'm late. I waited a year for Tesla to send me a 2026 Model

Y—the so-called Juniper update to its global bestseller. I finally got the hint.

Our guest is a hardworking well-groomed Model Y Premium RWD that I hooked up with through Turo, the peer-to-peer car-sharing platform. Crucially, this example featured Tesla's Full Self-Driving (FSD) system, running the latest Version 14 software—an AI entity educated on Tesla's vast store of user-generated video. We'll meet it later.

Six years ago, I proclaimed the original Model Y the best car in the world, and the world agreed. The family-size four-door hatchback went on to lead global sales of all passenger vehicles over the three-year period from 2023 to 2025. I'm that powerful.

Lately, however, products from Chinese and European rivals have overtaken the Model Y in a number of fundamental metrics. BMW's Neue Klasse-based iX3, for example, has a claimed range of up to 434 miles, depending on configuration—up to 140 miles more than the comparable Model Y. The BMW also boasts a faster charging, 800V-nominal electrical architecture; the Model Y retains a 400V system. The Model Y's charging rate maxes out at 250

kW. Most fast-charging networks now operate at up to 350 kW.

So while the Model Y is a better machine in many ways—stronger, lighter, smarter, more efficient—the question is, is it enough? My conclusion: Without FSD, it wouldn't be.

The Model Y's pitch starts with an altogether reasonable price. The Premium RWD now starts at

\$45,490, several thousand

43,450, several thousand lower than the first-gen's price point.

Never exactly its strong suit, the exterior gets a make-over with the revised front end, incorporating a transverse lightbar between the side-

/ transverse lightbar between the side-marker/turn signal as-

semblies. The updated tail-light assemblies and deck lid treatment luxe up the rear end nicely. Please note that the entry-level Model Y retains the previous, grumpy catfish face, for the sullen ichthyologist in your life.

Sitting in the driver's seat at Charlotte Douglas International Airport in North Carolina, I tried to remember how to make these cars go. The Model Y's human-machine interface doesn't include a typical gear selector. The primary direction selector/indicator resides in the upper left corner of the center touch screen. Should the primary screen become disabled, a secondary gearshift selector hiding in the headliner will illuminate.

However, in most situations, the Model Y's awareness is such that it already knows whether you want to go forward or back. You don't even have to start it.

I slipped the brake and the car gently reversed out of the parking space. I stopped again and it selected D for Drive. I squeezed the accelerator and off we went.

Tesla's hyperminimalist approach to human factors is not without its detractors. Chinese regulators have pushed back on screen-only controls for certain safety-related vehicle functions, such as windows and doors. I note that the Model Y retains a conventional turn-signal stalk, while previous designs, like Cybertruck, placed the turn-signal controller on the steering wheel.

The center touch screen is now 16 inches, slightly larger than before, with a higher resolution QHD touch display. The rear passengers have their own 8-inch screen for hotel adjustments. The Model Y is, of course, connected out the wazoo, with cellular data, Wi-Fi, ultra-wideband and Bluetooth. It even has FM radio (except in base trim).

What it doesn't offer is Apple CarPlay or Android Auto. I know a lot of car shoppers consider that a disqualifying offense. I also understand the comfort of the familiar. Even so, Tesla's proprietary digital environment works beautifully, looks great and blazes away, faster than you can swipe.

I was still fiddling with the controls when I inadvertently engaged FSD's route-following function. Instantly, the car understood "Home" and seized control of the steering wheel, crisply merging right to catch the exit for Interstate 77 North. It felt like being kidnapped.

Checking the display, I realized FSD was taking me to the owner's house on a preset route. The latest version offers five drive modes: Sloth, Chill, Standard, Hurry and Mad Max. Our car had been set to Hurry, and it did just that—sweeping past interstate traffic on the left and right as if I were late for my wedding. Rather than arrive unannounced at the owner's door, I pulled over and reset my destination to a golf course about 25 miles away. I tapped the FSD button and just...let...go.

Letting go was hard. After all, I'm an excellent driver, Charlie. Yours truly vs. FSD is like Kasparov vs. Deep Blue. I held my breath as the car worked its way out of the shopping center parking lot, briefly skirmishing with incoming traffic at a poorly marked four-way stop. Then—with human-like fluency I might characterize as confidence—FSD put its invisible foot down, moving over two lanes to anticipate merging traffic far ahead and put us in the fast lane. Nicely done.

Trust didn't come all at once. For the first half-hour or so, I was reflexively covering the brake pedal at intersections and merging lanes, ready to engage if the superintelligence at the wheel did something stupid. It felt a bit like the old team-building exercise where

people fall back into other arms, except with 4,000-pound vehicles.

But mile by mile, the FSD started to earn my confidence. In the whitewater-like eddy and flow of rush-hour interstate traffic, the FSD held its position beautifully: stopping distances, following distances, lane centering, the gradients of acceleration, steering and braking, all playing out in smoothly continuous linear functions. FSD drives at least as well as Coach Vestal, my high-school

The Y's awareness is such that it knows if you want to go forward or back. You don't even have to start it.

driver's ed teacher.

After the golf course, I put in a few more destinations—the Sullenberger Aviation Museum, the Omni Hotel downtown—and kicked back while the car contended with traffic. I often noted FSD's tolerance, its spontaneous collaboration with other motorists, and—when confronted with jackass behavior—its emotional maturity. How eusocial of it.

By the end of the second hour—partly spent traversing grid-patterned streets to avoid an accident—I was bewitched. FSD is amazing. I acknowledge I am a sample group of one, with only the scantest evidence to work with. Still, I know good driving when I see it.

I also understand why Tesla buyers have been willing to pay thousands extra for FSD. At least they were, Tesla recently announced that the latest versions of FSD will be available only by subscription, charging \$99 monthly. That doesn't seem particularly superintelligent. Tesla just made the best thing about the Model Y optional.

Maybe those terms will change. If they do, I'll be waiting.

2026 TESLA MODEL Y PREMIUM RWD

Base price \$45,490 Price, as tested \$49,130 Powertrain All-electric; rear-mounted permanent-magnet motor; (estimated) 75-kWh lithium ion battery; rear-wheel drive

Net system power/ torque 295 hp/325 lb-ft

Length/wheelbase/ width/height 188.6/113.8/83.8/63.9 inches Curb weight 4,184 pounds 0-60 mph 5.4 seconds EPA range 357 miles Cargo space 76 cubic feet

JOURNAL REPORT

TRAVEL

© 2026 Dow Jones & Company. All Rights Reserved.

THE WALL STREET JOURNAL.

* * * *

Saturday/Sunday, August 29 - 30, 2026 | R1

Benefits of

Forget the staycation.

Getting Away

Research reveals that

travel can build stress

resilience, sharpen cognitive health and ward

off depression far better than staying home

BY HEIDI MITCHELL

T

HE NEXT TIME you book a trip to some faraway city, don't think of it as just a vacation. Think of it as preventive medicine.

A growing body of research suggests travel is more than a luxury or an escape. It may be a legitimate tool for improving

It may be a legitimate tool for improving mental health, one whose effects scientists are only beginning to understand.

Researchers say travel away from our usual environments exposes the brain to novel experiences that require greater mental engagement than during our everyday routines. At home, the brain is essentially on cruise control: We passively pick out something to wear, we follow the same commute, we work alongside the same people in the same office and make relatively Please turn to page R2

Where to Find Extreme Outdoor Adventures, No Experience Required

Places like Utah's Moab and the Dolomites in Italy offer guided adventures, including rope swings off cliffs and tandem paragliding

BY BRIGID MANDER

EIGHT FEET to my right, a 1,000-foot cliff falls away, revealing a sprawling panorama of wild desertscape out-

side of Moab, Utah. I try not to look at it, my eyes instead fastened on the rocky trail and the rear wheel of my partner's bike as we descend the Whole Enchilada, one of Moab's famed, extreme bike descents.

As adrenaline-pumping as careening along the cliff feels, it turns out our airy bike ride is tame by current standards in Moab, where activities such as leaping off cliffs harnessed to a 400-foot rope swing and walking across canyons on a narrow strip of nylon or polyester webbing (called highlining) draw thrill-seekers of all kinds looking to test their mettle.

Please turn to page R6


An NZone dive in New Zealand.

Inside


PUFFIN LOVE The cute, colorful birds can be elusive, but tourists in Maine are obsessed with them. R4

JOYS AND CHALLENGES How people travel with someone who has dementia. R5

UNDISCOVERED GENOA Once Venice's rival and a world financial capital, Genoa is on the rise again as a destination. R7

I WALKED 500 MILES IN SPAIN

The writer completed the Camino de Santiago path, to find where her life was headed. R9


Scan this code to learn about the lonely fight to keep all-you-can-eat buffets in Vegas.

Travel Rx: Getting Away Can Help You Mentally, Research Shows

Continued from page R1 few new decisions. Travel forces the opposite—new food, new streets, new people, new decisions—and that friction is what builds confidence, sharpens memory and gives us a sense of satisfaction that enhances cognitive well-being.

No doctor is writing prescriptions for a week in Portugal (yet!), but the case is building. A review of recent travel studies found that the psychological benefits of a vacation, like improved mood and sleep, don't vanish the moment you're back at your desk. Even the anticipation of a trip leads to feeling happier about your family, your health and your finances than when you have no travel planned.

Similarly, a meta-analysis of 55 controlled clinical trials involving more than 4,400 participants over three decades found that the same ingredients that comprise a good vacation—passive, peaceful activities, like time in nature, or active pastimes, such as hiking—are good for our mental health.

What kinds of travel help the most—and why? Researchers are beginning to find answers to those questions.

Resilience sticks around

Resilience sticks around Travel improves mental health through a sort of chain reaction, according to new research from Rory Mulcahy, an associate professor at the University of the Sunshine Coast in Queensland, Australia. Mulcahy has found that travel first produces a burst of happiness, which then goes on to build “psychological resilience”—the ability to handle stress, adapt to challenges and recover from setbacks. While that post-vacation glow typically fades once your suitcase is unpacked, the resilience sticks around.

What's more, resilience doesn't require an elaborate trip. Mulcahy's research found the effect kicks in with as little as one overnight stay away from home. A related study found that people who traveled anywhere scored roughly $15\%$ higher on a standard well-being scale when they got back from a trip compared to those who simply stayed home. And Mulcahy's research, as well as other studies, suggest that a post-travel high can persist for up to four months.

Someone facing crisis-level stress has the most to gain from travel's resilience-building effect, Mulcahy says, but even those depleted by moderate work pressure or family strain can benefit. "If you've been putting off your next holiday," he says, "it's worth making it a priority even if it's just one day."

Go far, far away

Getting away for a day is good; getting on a plane and going even farther is better. Research from Shu Cole, a professor at Indiana University's School of Public Health, consistently shows that the farther people go, the less likely they are to report feeling depressed or isolated.

In a 2024 study drawing on a national survey of adults over 50, Cole sorted respondents into four groups based on how far they'd traveled over the previous year: People who took no leisure trips at all, people who stuck to local or regional day trips, people who traveled domestically within the U.S., and people who traveled internationally.

International travelers reported the fewest symptoms of depression and the lowest levels of loneliness, while domestic

travelers came in second, day-trippers came in third and people who didn't travel at all scored the lowest on both fronts. (To make sure people who were already sharp and upbeat weren't the only ones to book a trip abroad, Cole followed up with the same group of people six years later, and the results held up.)

“Long-distance travel, particularly to unfamiliar destinations, often requires planning, navigation and adapting to new environments, all of which involve greater decision-making and problem-solving than traveling to familiar or nearby places,” Cole says. Striking up a conversation with a stranger on a train or navigating a foreign city with a companion can provide the mental stimulation that helps support cognitive health and build up defenses against the isolation that so often calcifies into depression in older adults, she says.

Cole doesn't consider travel a cure-all for poor mental health, but she thinks it belongs in the same conversation as the other things doctors tell aging patients to give priority to. “Maintaining an active travel lifestyle may be a meaningful component of healthy aging,” she says.

Make it difficult

The vacation industry has spent decades selling relaxation as the product, but a comprehensive review of 125 studies suggests travelers may be dismissing something already available on every trip: difficulty.

Nanxi Yan, a lecturer in psychology at the University of Amsterdam, and colleagues found that “mastery,” or the reward of meeting a real challenge with

matched skill, shows up repeatedly as a driver of lasting mental-health gains.

One of their studies tracked mountain climbers and found that being totally absorbed in a demanding task well done correlated directly with happiness. Novelty produced a similar effect: Travelers who tried activities unavailable to them at home reported more emotional balance than those who stuck to routine.

Yan's findings suggests that, while a week by the pool can be relaxing, travelers might consider scheduling in at least one activity that demands real skill—a cooking class, a strenuous hike or learning enough of a language at Lake Tahoe in part with a grant from its tourism board, sending participants out to hike, kayak and simply take in the scenery. His preliminary results: After two minutes just sitting quietly in the landscape, participants reported a 70% jump in awe and a 33% increase in happiness, a pattern Piff says held across many locations and types of nature experiences.

Awe functions as “a primary driver of feelings of happiness, meaning, purpose and social connection in one’s life,” partly because it puts a person’s big problems into perspective, making them seem smaller, says Piff. “Feelings of awe connect people

New research suggests travel is more than an escape. It may also be a tool for improving mental health, one whose effects scientists are only beginning to understand.

to navigate a food market—to tap in to a more-lasting mental-health reward.

The wonder of awe

New research suggests that awe, which researchers define as the often positive feeling of being in the presence of something vast that transcends our understanding of the world, deserves its own place on the list of mental-health benefits of travel.

Paul Piff, an associate professor of psychology at the University of California at Irvine, has been running field experiments to the larger things they are part of, the natural world, the universe, all living things," he says.

His results echo a previous study that tied momentary awe to reduced daily stress and, over time, higher life satisfaction. Travel, in Piff's view, is an efficient delivery system for awe. "Cathedrals in Europe do this. Ruins in Greece do this. A meal in a night market in Thailand might do this," he says.

James Petrick, a professor in the department of hospitality, hotel management and tourism at Texas A&M University, and a veteran of the travel industry, has been studying something psychologists call “existential authenticity”—essentially, acting like the person you really are, instead of the version of yourself other people expect.

Your authentic self

There's often a sense of relief in being somewhere no one knows you, and researchers think that can also enhance mental health.

Drawing on 66 interviews with cruise passengers, his research, which he says will be published soon, found that travel makes it easier to be that authentic self than everyday life does, largely because being somewhere unfamiliar strips away the roles people play at home. Many of the passengers he interviewed said they felt freed from their usual social roles while onboard. At home, those roles come loaded with expectations (“I must behave like a dad!”) that push people to go along with what’s expected of them instead of just being themselves.

Acting on your own desires can feel selfish, but Petrick's interviews suggest a trip that involves travel is one of the few times people let themselves off the hook, guilt included. He points to his own last trip: No work to bring along, no kids in tow, no need to act like the boss or the employee.

“I did selfish things for myself and my wife,” he says. “We shed those roles and took on a role for ourselves.”

In the end, maybe that's why the best trips don't just change our scenery. They change us.

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Why Thousands Are Flocking to Maine to See The Elusive Puffin

Top left, passengers on the Acadia Puffin Cruise. Atlantic puffins are full of color and they seem to have personalities.


BY KEN WELLS
Steuben, Maine

Five decades after a rescue plan that people scoffed at, a thriving ecotourism economy has taken flight

a brisk 20-minute voyage through the wind-whipped, aquamarine chop of Pigeon Hill Bay, our quarry was in sight. Seen with the naked eye from the stern of our 40-foot tour boat, the dark blobs bobbing in the restless sea didn't look like much. But through the high-power binoculars our guide passed out to the 23 passengers, the creatures revealed themselves in all their diminutive glory.

Puffins.

Atlantic puffins are the harlequins of the sea, colorful as a rainforest parrot—black backs, white bellies, quad-colored beaks and intensely orange feet and legs. Add orange-rimmed eyes with jet-black pupils set against white cheeks, a dashing black under-eye line and a radiant round orange bill hinge, and the puffin looks like something invented by a talented circus makeup artist.

These bold, colorful birds are drawing thousands of visitors to coastal Maine each summer. In the state's Midcoast and Downeast regions, about a dozen tour operators have sprung up to serve the burgeoning puffin-cruise business.

“Puffins are cute and colorful, no doubt that is part of the lure,” says Renee Patterson, owner of Bold Coast Charter in Cutler, Maine, a cruise operator. “They also have personality.”

The challenge of sighting puffins adds to their allure: Like Maine's other photogenic wildlife icon, the moose, puffins are genetically wired to stay elusive. They spend most of the year on the open ocean, far from land. During breeding season—roughly late April through most of August—they nest in underground burrows on offshore islands where mammalian predators such as mink, rats and foxes can't get at them or their young.

Hot ticket

Our tour boat was run by Acadia Puffin Cruise, which runs daily two-hour tours in season, at \$75 for adults. Other popular cruises include excursions run by Cap'n Fish's Cruises out of Boothbay Harbor to nearby Eastern Egg Rock, a 7-acre rocky island hosting about 80 breeding puffin pairs. Those tours, with National Audubon Society narration, attract about 10,000 paying visitors a year, at \$71 for adults.

Bold Coast Charter's trips allow participants to land on an island and spend a couple of hours in

blinds to see and photo-

graph at close range puffins gathered on rocks above their nesting burrows. Bold Coast limits its cruises to Machias Seal Island to 15 passengers per trip—and charges \$275 to \$325 per person, depending on the date.

Patterson says her tours mainly attract serious birders and professional photographers who pony up the hefty fee even though foul weather sometimes makes landing impossible (and there is no refund if that happens). One testament to the scale of puffin mania: “We put the entire season online each year and this year we sold out in 15 to 20 minutes,” she says.

The puffin season is winding down, but those interested in a cruise can soon start reserving seats for next summer. Some of the operators will open their online bookings for 2027 this fall or in early December, although

a space on the Machias Seal Island landing tour will have to wait until a date in March still to be determined.

The Atlantic puffin isn't endangered—Iceland, Norway and Newfoundland are collectively home to millions of the birds. But Maine's population, which numbered in the tens of thousands, had dwindled to about 70 breeding pairs on two islands by the early 1970s, mostly because of overhunting for their meat, eggs and feathers, and habitat disruptions caused by predatory rats that arrived on nesting islands as stowaways on ship and boats.

Alarmed, puffin supporters realized they needed a rescue plan. It arrived in 1973 when Stephen Kress, a 28-year-old graduate student working with the Audubon Society, had what most serious bird researchers thought was a daft idea: He would move

What's made all this puffin tourism possible is Project Puffin, a continuing effort to boost the numbers of a bird that not so long ago was on the verge of disappearing from the islands off Maine.

Back from the brink

‘People go out and fall in love with the Atlantic puffin because they are so charismatic, colorful and fun to watch. And I do think people protect what they love.’

Maine islands, and by some estimates as many as 8,000 breeding pairs nest on Machias Seal Island, which lies in disputed waters claimed by the U.S. and Canada.

—Elizabeth Gray, chief executive of the National Audubon Society

There are still challenges, says Don Lyons, director of conservation science for the Audubon Society's Maine-based Seabird Institute. Those include events called ocean heat waves—hotter than normal currents, related to climate change, that can radically change the mix of fish available for puffins to feed on. But “we do have a robust population,” Lyons says.

Love wins

puffin chicks from Newfoundland, where the birds are plentiful, to Eastern Egg Rock, with the hope that the chicks would fledge and return to the island. Like many seabirds, puffins

To address the threat of predators, seabird conservation organizations such as Friends of Maine Coastal Islands National Wildlife Refuge have joined with state and federal wildlife agencies over the years to support rigorous rat-eradication programs.

ing sites year after year. Resistance at first was fierce, since the idea had never been tried and putting puffin chicks at risk seemed antithetical to the Audubon Society's creed. But Kress eventually prevailed upon Newfoundland wildlife authorities to allow him to proceed, and the technique worked.

those wanting to nab

Today, an estimated 1,500 breeding pairs nest on five

And the payoff from Project Puffin has echoed far from the shores of Maine, says Elizabeth Gray, chief executive of the National Audubon Society. About 850 seabird-restoration projects are in operation worldwide today, according to Audubon's Seabird

1,500

Estimated number of puffin breeding pairs that are nesting on five Maine islands, up from about 70 on two islands in the early 1970s

Restoration Database, and a good number of them are succeeding by adopting techniques pioneered and refined in Maine's success story.

That's why Gray is also thrilled to see the Maine puffin become the focus of a thriving tourism niche. Once people get to know the puffin and the puffin story, she says, it almost certainly increases their interest in bird conservation in general. With a $70\%$ decline in seabirds worldwide since the 1950s, Audubon can use the help.

Love was in the air on the recent Acadia Puffin Cruise. Sean and Jenny Taggart, 40-something Philadelphia residents on a camping sojourn through nearby Acadia National Park, had their binoculars fixed on puffins swimming off the stern of the tour boat. The couple consider themselves “casual birders.” But when they googled “things to do” near Acadia and came upon a puffin photo and a listing for this tour, they were hooked. They spent much of the week before traveling to Maine listening to puffin podcasts to prepare.

“People go out and fall in love with the Atlantic puffin because they are so charismatic, colorful and fun to watch,” says Gray. “And I do think people protect what they love.”

And having seen puffins?

Sean smiled. “Way beyond expectations,” he said.

Ken Wells, a former editor and reporter at The Wall Street Journal, is a writer in Chicago who summers in Downeast, Maine. He can be reached at reports@wsj.com.

Dementia Doesn't Have to Be the End of Travel

Families navigating cognitive decline are taking to the road to chase joy before an advancing disease makes trips impossible

BY KATHLEEN HUGHES

C

ARY AND MEG Behle had traveled much of the world before he was diagnosed with dementia nine years ago, at

age 75.

“I didn’t want to stop traveling with him. It was such an important part of our lives,” says Meg, his wife.

After his diagnosis, Meg says, they visited Australia, South Africa, Sicily, the Caribbean and Dubai, among many others. The San Diego couple even took a cruise to Antarctica in 2021.

“He enjoyed seeing new things, and he would have a smile on his face even if he didn’t know where we were,” she says of Cary, a former cosmetic dentist who died three years ago at age 80. “For at least five years, he didn’t know that I was his wife. But he knew I was his person.”

Travel, she says, “was exciting, exhausting, anxiety-producing, disorienting, stimulating, joyful and difficult to explain to others.”

As the population ages, more people are being diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. For many of them—and their caregivers—travel is an important part of their lives that they don't want to give up. But travel can be hard on both of them. People with dementia may get confused or stressed out in unfamiliar places, which in turn makes the already-difficult job of caregiving even tougher.

Loss and joy

An estimated 7.4 million Americans age 65 and older—or about 1 in 9—are living with Alzheimer's dementia, up from 5.4 million a decade ago, according to the Alzheimer's Association's latest report.

Dr. Verna Porter, a neurocognitive and geriatric neurologist at the Pacific Neuroscience Institute in Santa Monica, Calif., says more of her patients with dementia ask to travel, and she often encourages them, emphasizing that a diagnosis doesn't necessarily mean they should stop. Thanks in part to new diagnostic tools that can identify Alzheimer's earlier, many of today's patients are healthier, more active and more accustomed to traveling in retirement.

The best candidates for travel, Porter says, are those with mild cognitive impairment or early-stage dementia who still enjoy new experiences, tolerate change in routine, recognize their caregiver and can participate without being overwhelmed.

“Clinically, I have seen patients with mild dementia return from meaningful trips happier, more engaged and with wonderful memories shared by their families,” says Porter.

The most successful trips, she advises, are ones to familiar destinations with direct flights or shorter travel days, and simple itineraries that allow for consistent medication schedules and adequate rest.

She's more cautious, however, when patients have moderate or advanced dementia, wandering behavior, recurring episodes of confusion, significant behavioral symptoms, unstable medical illnesses or impaired mobility.

"The goal of travel changes," says Porter. "It's no longer about sightseeing or checking destinations off a list. It is about preserving meaningful experiences with family and friends while minimizing stress."

Struggles in Alaska

Sometimes it is tough to find that balance. Andy Bernadett and his wife, Kim Zwick, ran an accounting and financial-planning firm in Grass Valley, Calif., and loved doing cross-country trips on a tandem bike. Then, in 2022, Kim was diagnosed with a rare form of dementia.

The couple—who had talked about taking a trip to Alaska for more than a decade—signed up for a cruise in 2024. “It was a

bucket-list trip," says Andy. "We decided to pull the trigger, thinking we won't be able to do this for much longer."

But Kim didn't seem to truly enjoy the trip. She didn't like the cold, and group conversations at mealtimes were awkward. "It was a struggle for her and a struggle for me," says her husband, who suspects "she would have rather been home watching a movie."

Andy says he was interested in the cruise partly for his own enjoyment. “When you realize you are running out of time, you want to travel,” he says. Looking back, he says, his feeling was, “Let’s do as much as we can while we can...but then it becomes clear you can’t.”

Kim died two months after the trip, at age 59, in October 2024.

Support at sea

Some travel options provide more care, support and travel guidance for people with dementia. Elite Cruises & Vacations, for one, focuses primarily on dementia-friendly cruises.

"There's a huge increase in demand just because of the number of people with dementia," says the company's founder, Kathryn Speer Shoaf, a geriatric-neurology nurse in Hobart, Ind. Last year, she says, she had 310 guests, including some repeat travelers.

Shoaf partners with cruise lines, choosing midsize ships with quiet meeting spaces. She offers one trained support person for each family, and at least one registered nurse is available. There are support groups and workshops for caregivers, as well as live music, theater, dance and history presentations.

Some customers turn to Elite after difficult travel experiences. Molly O'Reilly McGhee, 61, a retired public-information officer from Columbus, Ohio, says her mother, Eunice O'Reilly, 84, was diagnosed with Alzheimer's in 2023. Her mother had always wanted to travel more. So, Molly and her husband took Eunice to a hotel on Lake Erie and checked into a two-bedroom suite.

At one point, Molly went into the shower briefly. When she came out, her mother was gone. The phone rang. "We have your mother in the lobby. She's with the security guard," a member of the hotel staff told her. When Molly went to the lobby, her mother

seemed concerned, but not particularly upset, saying, "Oh, there you are."

The same thing happened two more times during a three-day stay.

Molly signed up for an Elite Caribbean cruise with her mother in February, also taking her husband and mother-in-law. Molly says her mother “seemed engaged, was watching everything and listening.”

But her mother often asked, "Where are we?" and Molly explained repeatedly they were on a Caribbean cruise. "Sometimes she would become confused in the cabin and forget she had ever been there before," says Molly.

On the way home, when Molly asked about her favorite part of the trip, Eunice said, “Being with family.”

Molly and her husband are planning to take Eunice on another Elite cruise, this time to Alaska, later this year.

A camel in Morocco

Some caregivers find extra support by adding friends and families, or by joining group tours. After Susan Levenson, 71, was diagnosed with early onset Alzheimer's in 2019, at age 64, she and her husband, Josh, traveled to Croatia and Albania that year on a group tour with friends.

“It was carpe diem, seize the day,” said Josh in an interview earlier this year. He died at age 74 in August.

Also in 2019, the couple, who had retired from careers in college testing, traveled to Morocco with their two children. Susan enjoyed riding a camel. “She was all smiles, she was with her kids,” Josh said of his wife. “Just look at her on that camel, she was having a blast and still appreciating good food.”

Susan is now in a memory-care facility.

Dangerous declines

Travel can become riskier as the disease progresses. Courtney Hammons, an accessibility-travel adviser in Ponte Vedra, Fla., says her mother, Lynne Knurr, was diagnosed with early-stage dementia in 2018, at 73. Knurr, a travel adviser from Muskego, Wis., joined two family cruises to the Bahamas the next year and a

From top left, clockwise: Josh and Susan Levenson with family; Kathryn Speer Shoaf, owner of Elite Cruises, with clients Jack and Susan Pfaudler; Andy Bernadett and wife, Kim Zwick; Julia Lynn, second from right, and family; Courtney Hammons and her mother, Lynne Knurr; Meg and Cary Behle.

family trip to the St. Augustine Alligator Farm in 2020.

But at a water park in St. Augustine, Fla., Knurr decided to go down a slide with her 7-year-old granddaughter. She had always been a strong swimmer, so the other family members weren't worried. But when Knurr reached the bottom of the pool, she didn't pop up.

“That’s when we realized she had forgotten how to swim,” says Hammons. A lifeguard rescued her mother, who didn’t remember the incident. The 7-year-old was fine.

Remembering Pompeii

After Julia Lynn, 69, a former Kansas state senator, was diagnosed with early-stage Alzheimer's in late 2022, her family booked a trip to London in 2025 and then a cruise in April, with stops in Spain, Italy, Malta, Greece and Montenegro.

Mary Beth Lynn, her daughter-in-law and a travel adviser, says the trip made a difference for Julia. “There’s so much turmoil and pain,” she says. “She knows she has it. She knows she’s forgetting things. And this trip was an opportunity to not let the Alzheimer’s matter anymore.”

In an interview, Julia's speech is halting, but she can still recount memories from the trip, including visits to Pompeii and Corfu. "What is surprising is there is a lot I remember from this trip," she says.

She wasn't halting about her family. "I want to do all the traveling I possibly can with my family before I get to a stage where it won't be possible," Julia says.

As for the challenges, “it’s the dreading of when you’re not going to have the memories. That’s why you have to go out and make the most of your life every single day,” says Julia, adding, “Someday you’ll start to fade. It’s a natural progress with this disease. You have to travel.”

Kathleen Hughes is a former reporter in The Wall Street Journal's New York and Los Angeles bureaus. She can be reached at reports@wsj.com.

Extreme Outdoor Adventures, No Experience Required

Continued from page R1

A town of about 5,000 along the Colorado River, Moab has long been a mountain-bike and rock-climbing mecca. In recent years, however, it has broadened its focus to extreme adventure tourism, with options for every level of experience, fitness and skill. From roadside billboards to casual ads posted in town cafes, invitations to participate are so ubiquitous as to give the curious sensation that these are normal, everyday activities.

Unlike much of the biking and climbing, these extreme outdoor adventures don't require experience or superb fitness, just the nerve to take the leap—literally. In essence, it is a tourism industry built around the feelings that have made things like roller coasters so popular for a century—but vastly magnified and in spectacular natural settings.

Recent cultural shifts in spending habits that give priority to experiences and personal accomplishments over material goods are helping to drive interest in this extreme-adventure niche. Eileen Anderson, a professor of bioethics at Case Western Reserve University and psychological anthropologist, says these types of experiences tap deep into the psyche.

“People think, ‘My everyday life is normal, but I can be a different kind of person if I have the courage to do this,’ ” Anderson says. “It’s a managed-risk situation where you give yourself some element of fear and uncertainty, and then conquer it.”

The best destinations for extreme adventures have the natural landscape to support them, as well as reputable and safe guide services. Here is a closer look at Moab, as well as a few recommended spots around the world, that offer a healthy variety of both:

Moab

Long a gateway town for Arches and Canyonlands National Parks, extreme tourism started to take shape in the 1960s and '70s when local Lin Ottinger began taking visitors out "jeeping" on wild mining roads and over rock arches.

Today, professional operators have developed guided, client-friendly methods to experience the landscape, including harnessed rope swings off cliffs, walking highlines across canyons, and navigating cliff-top terrain in specialized 4×4 jeeps.

And for the real risk-takers, there is tandem skydiving and tandem BASE jumping, in which participants jump with a professional pilot from a fixed object such as a cliff and use a parachute to glide to the ground. BASE stands for jumps from Buildings, Antennas, Spans (bridges) and Earth (cliffs). Sky-diving and BASE jumping are higher risk than some of the other activities because even with expert pilots, there is no room for error. Rope swings and highlines, on the other hand, have redundant safety attachments and set anchors in surrounding rock.

Faith Dickey, owner of Elevate Outdoors Guiding, has guided people ages 10 to 69 on highlines set over Moab's deep canyons. Clients tend to be active people, but not extreme people in regular life, she says, adding that "doing it together brings families and friends closer."

Research supports that, says Anderson, the Case Western professor. “From a neuroscience stance, when you go through something so intense with others, bonding chemicals are activated in your brain, and it’s beneficial for human mental and physical health in a lot of ways.”

Queenstown, New Zealand The glacially carved landscape around this town on the South Island inspires myriad adventures, both tame and hair-raising. It's the birthplace of several extreme sports, including bungee jumping, tandem paragliding and commercial jet boating, where boats outfitted with jet propulsion engines navigate upstream in shallow, rocky and rough rivers at high speeds (up to 40 knots).

Recreational adventures include guided Class V river rafting (the roughest water commercial trips embark on), tandem skydiving and canyon rope swings, as well as mountain

climbing and biking.

Visitors may even try what is known as the 5X1NZ challenge: skydive, snowboard, mountain bike, bungee jump and jet boat—all in one day.

The Dolomites, Italy

With its limestone mountains, bucolic valleys and scattered alpine villages, this Unesco World Heritage site pairs alpine charm with thrill-inducing adventure.

As a World War I battle-ground, the Italian Dolomites are

From top: Bungee jumping in New Zealand with Nevis Bungy; rafting with RealNZ; highlining in Utah with Elevate Outdoors Guiding.

filled with via ferratas, or guided alpine routes through sheer and exposed rock faces linked by iron ladders (clients are clipped into safety cables), accessible from various villages and mountain huts.

The area also boasts a variety of tandem paragliding operations, next-level zip-lining such as the 2-mile zip line at speeds of 50 miles an hour above the village of San Vigilio di Marebbe, and traditional mountaineering and other activities offered by various accredited guide services.

Chamonix, France

A bustling mountain town in the French Alps, Chamonix is known to attract adventurous spirits as both residents and tourists. The surrounding mountains and cable cars, including the famed Aiguille du Midi cable car, which rises 9,000 feet from the valley floor, fuel a robust tandem paragliding scene with professional pilots, with varying flights times and levels of commitment.

Other offerings include via ferrata routes with professional guides, as well as canyoning (known as canyoneering in the U.S.), where guides help participants descend steep mountain streams and canyons via techniques such as walking, swimming, jumping and rappelling down cliffs and waterfalls.

Why a Grand Tour of Italy Should Include a Stop in Genoa scale or gourmet d elsewhere, was origin

Less crowded than Rome and Florence, Genoa has magnificent churches and palaces that are understated on the outside but extravagant on the inside

BY J.S. MARCUS

G

ENOA is once again a magnet for travelers. A medi- eval rival

to Venice and a financial capital of early modern Europe, this northwest Italian harbor city was a must-stop for 18th-century aristocrats on continental Europe's Grand Tour. Now, as it emerges from a postindustrial decline, Genoa is again attracting tourists and with good reason: The city is full of surprises, with an eccentric charm that inspires exploration.

With its weird medieval alleyways, hilly setting and a transit system that might seem at home in an amusement park (think horizontal elevators and funiculars that tunnel through buildings), Genoa is Italy's most exotic major city. But still awaiting a connection to the country's main high-speed train corridor, it can

feel like terra incognita.

Italy's sixth-largest city, with just under 600,000 inhabitants, Genoa is still a little gritty in stretches. But unlike Rome and Florence, many of its major attractions are nearly crowd-free, and smartphones will help you to find your way into and out of even the most cramped caruggi.

Here are some reasons to go to Genoa, and what to look out for when you do:

Terrain-defying transit system The change in elevation from the waterfront at sea level to Genoa's mountainous hinterland approaches 6,000 feet, and variations between adjoining neighborhoods can be as much as several hundred feet. Walking around may require navigating steep inclines or stairwell-like sidewalks, but over the past century the city has developed a unique transit system.

The Castello d'Albertis-Montegalletto line is called an elevator, or "ascensore," but its small cabins are a combination of funicular, cable car and outdoor elevator that travel a vertical distance of around 250 feet. A roughly 10-minute trip—which, Willy Wonka-style, goes backward and forward, as well

as up and down—will get you from the Piazza Principe train station to the fanciful D'Albertis Castle, the 19th-century home of a sea captain and now a museum. The view from the top takes in the whole of historic Genoa and its modern harbor complex.

Stellar art

Genoa's peak in prestige, circa 1620, came when its patrician-merchant class, numbering a few dozen families, made the Genoese Republic the monetary masters of Spain's overseas empire, turning the city into one of modern capitalism's first financial hubs. These families became patrons to the most important artists of the day, such as Flemish painters Peter Paul Rubens and Anthony van Dyck, as well as Genoa's own Baroque master Bernardo Strozzi.

Jonathan Bober, a former curator at Washington's National Gallery of Art and an expert on Genoa, says some of the highlights here include Van Dyck's elegant portraits of Genoese nobles from the 1620s in the Palazzo Rosso, an imposing palace that is now a museum, and Rubens's dynamic, early 17th-century altarpiece in the Church of the Gesù.

Meanwhile, the 12th-century Church of San Luca, rebuilt in the 17th century by the Spinola family, is deceptively simple on the outside, and a whirlwind of Baroque decoration on the inside.

Extravagant palazzi The great palaces of Genoa's golden age are tucked away in caruggi or line the Strada Nuova, a 16th-century thoroughfare marked by elegant Renaissance facades that serve to disguise the ostentatious Baroque and Rococo trappings inside.

Palazzo Spinola Clavarino, a 16th-century palace on Strada Nuova (also known as Via Garibaldi), will open up its main residential floor for Rolli Days this fall; it got an opulent makeover in recent years.

The contrast between restrained facades and secretive decoration gets to the heart of the Genoese mentality, says Pritzker Prize-winning architect Renzo Piano, who divides his time between his native Genoa and Paris.

Humble, enriching Genoese food

Marked by frugal ingredients and a number of vegetarian main courses, Genoese food at its best seems simple but tastes complex.

Pesto is made here with basil, extra virgin olive oil, pine nuts, garlic and grated cheese, all ground to a thick paste. Locals eat it with trenette pasta, a linguine-like dried noodle, or trofie, an eggless fresh

pasta, along with a few green beans and a bit of potato, and then thinned out with water until all turns a bright, evocative green.

Local food writer Enrica Monzani says that pesto, which might pass for upscale or gourmet dining elsewhere, was originally “a peasant trick to increase portions without spending too much money.” What makes it so extraordinary here is the local basil, which is harvested at its peak (to inhibit any bitterness), and Ligurian olive oil, which tends to be but-tery rather than biting.

Left, Staglieno cemetery, which is known for its sculptural funerary monuments, and a view from D'Albertis Castle. Bottom left, focaccia at Antico Forno Patrone.

Focaccia has become de facto sandwich bread or makeshift pizza crust elsewhere in Italy, but it tends to be bare bones in Genoa, where it has been made since the Middle Ages. Here, it's a salty, oily, typically plain bread that must be eaten within a few hours of baking, and that locals relish in the morning, dipped in cappuccino. "The saltiness of the focaccia combines with the bitter-sweetness of cappuccino," says Monzani, and "the experience is amazing."

Touches of extravagance

Genoa does occasionally like to show off. Pànera, the local alternative to gelato, is a rich, cream-spiked, coffee-flavored semifreddo.

The waterfront Galata Maritime Museum, meanwhile, has fascinating displays about favorite son Christopher Columbus, who was thought to have been born here in 1451, and a jaw-dropping reconstruction of a galley ship, once the building block of the Genoese Republic's power and prestige.

There also is the spectacular Aquarium of Genoa, with 400 species of animals, where the standard admission price tops up at 38 euros (about \$43)—or about the price of a month's supply of breakfast focaccia.

J.S. Marcus is a writer in Berlin. He can be reached at reports@wsj.com.


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In Search of Mexico's Lost Aztec World

From agricultural terraces to archaeological ruins and more, travelers to Mexico City can get a glimpse of life from 500 years ago

BY TONY PERROTTET

T

Mexico City HE FULL moon was approaching when I was in- vited on a day trip to commune with the Aztecs. "Bring shorts

and a towel," my host told me mysteriously.

Five hundred years ago, the Aztec empire thrived around five interconnected lakes in the central Valley of Mexico, with the island-capital Tenochtitlan at its heart. With majestic temples, markets and pyramids linked by canals and causeways, Tenochtitlan was home at its peak to some 200,000 people. But after the Spanish conquest led by Hernán Cortés in 1521, the invaders gave the Aztec city a radical makeover, leveling its monuments, draining its lakes and filling its canals, making it difficult today to picture its golden age.

ritual in a temazcalli, a sweat lodge whose traditions also date to the days of the Aztecs, a people still remembered mostly for their fierce warrior culture and proclivity for human sacrifices. I soon found myself clambering on hands and knees in my swim shorts into a dirt-floored dome made from sticks and blankets, and sitting cross-legged as red-hot volcanic stones were laid in a central pit. After the entrance closed, we sat in pitch darkness as one of Arozarena's friends poured water over the rocks, bathing us all in waves of scalding steam scented with leaves of medicinal plants, then chanted

Top, the ruins of the Aztec Templo Mayor, Great Temple, near the Metropolitan Cathedral. Below, Diego Rivera's mural of Mexican history at the National Palace.

Mesoamerican songs while bang- ing a drum.

After crawling from the sauna, I washed the sweat and mud off in a cold shower, then joined the group for a delicious lunch of squash tamales and beans with maize tortillas—a repast that might have been served seven centuries ago.

Buried city

Inspired by my trip to Xochimilco, I decided to see what else I could piece together of the Aztec world. Tenochtitlan hadn't entirely disappeared, I soon realized. It just lies buried under pedestrians' feet in the center of Mexico City as archaeologists discovered in 1978, when two electricity workers unearthed a carved 8-ton stone disc image of the moon goddess Coyolxauhqui near the Zócalo, the Spanish colonial plaza and main square of the capital. The vast space, dominated by the splendid Metropolitan Cathedral, was once the Aztecs' sacred precinct, the ceremonial core of their religion.

Today, the excavated base of the Templo Mayor, the step pyramid topped with altars to the Aztec gods of war and rain, is an open-air archaeological site. In his memoir, Spanish foot soldier Bernal Díaz described watching in horror as captive comrades were dragged to the top of this pyramid and sacrificed by having their beating hearts cut out by Aztec priests.

"The Aztec's lives weren't just about human sacrifices and war," explains Eric Márquez, a veteran guide for the National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH). "They had a much richer, complex culture." The Templo Mayor Museum, which displays artifacts found at the site, reveals their genius for engineering, herbal medicine and astronomy, as well as their artistic skills, including stone sculptures, exquisite ceramics and delicate jewelry. The Aztecs had an unexpected passion for flowers, I learned, doused themselves in perfumes, wrote epic poetry and painted colorful frescos.

To me, the most evocative Aztec sites are the offbeat relics that now lie underground along Guatemala Street near the Templo Mayor. I viewed a circular

One lake, Xochimilco, survives, located about an hour's taxi ride south of the city's center. There, I joined a dozen young locals clambering aboard a rustic barge. Two boatmen soon poled us into a pre-Hispanic natural world: Reeds and water lilies pressed up against the hull as we glided between verdant island farms and scraped under willow trees, while white herons swooped over the dark, still waters.

The connection with the past increased as I stepped onto a chinampa, one of the agricultural terraces crafted from layers of nutrient-rich mud and vegetation that have been in use since the days of the Aztecs. The farm, Fuego Vivo, was purchased three years ago by my host, a young local architect, Fernando Arozarena. He has maintained it as a cultural project, with elegant bamboo huts to receive visitors for dawn trips, organic lunches and tamale-making classes.

more-surreal homage by Rivera from 1952 lies in leafy Chapultepec Park: a 100-foot-long tiled statue of Tláloc, the Aztec god of rain, lying supine in a pool.

“Xochimilco is the last living vestige of the Aztec era,” says Arozarena. The advanced terrace system made the Aztecs self-sufficient in food, he says, “allowing them to create their empire.”

temple platform beneath the foyer of the Catedral Hotel, while guests ate breakfast over part of an ancient ballgame court. At the Spanish Cultural Center, a guard pointed me downstairs to the Calmécac, a school for Aztec nobility. The hauntingly lighted displays include the engraved jaw of a sacrifice victim and footprints embedded in stucco, as if the Aztec teens had just run upstairs for a break.

But even this pales in comparison to a fantastical edifice called Anahuacalli, designed by Rivera in the 1940s to display his and Kahlo's 60,000-piece collection of pre-Hispanic art. It is surely one of the world's most imaginative museums, a looming structure made from dark volcanic rock. In cavernous, tomblike galleries, exquisite statuettes are softly spot-lit on stone shelves without labels, while images of deities painted by Rivera flitted across the ceiling above.

But why the shorts and towel? With the full moon near, my host had planned a

Celebration of culture While the Spanish conquistadors methodically tried to erase Aztec cultural traditions and language, it didn't work. The Aztecs' language, a strand of Nahuatl, is still spoken by over one million indigenous people in rural villages, while many Aztec traditions quietly persisted. The historical invisibility of the Aztecs began to be reversed in the 1920s, thanks to artists like Diego Rivera and his wife, Frida Kahlo, who celebrated pre-Hispanic culture.

One of the most impressive tributes is a vast mural by Rivera, “The History of Mexico,” painted from 1929-35 within the National Palace, which depicts a colorful world of warriors and farmers with a bird’s-eye view of Teno-chtitlan at its height. A

The Aztecs continue to inspire Mexico City's artists today, as I found when I visited the studio of Betsabeé Romero. Her creations include recycled car tires—symbols of the capital's traffic-clogged modern life—with sides and treads imprinted with gilded Aztec symbols, including the flying feathered serpent-god Quetzalcoatl.

Pre-Hispanic snacks

"The Aztec culture pervades Mexico City's daily life today in a thousand subtle ways," Romero says, passing me a bowl of roasted grasshoppers, a crunchy pre-Hispanic snack. Aztec foods such as maize, corn and beans remain pillars of Mexican cuisine.

Romero also pointed out that Aztec culinary traditions are being revived in cutting-edge gastronomy. And so I headed to Rosetta, a chic restaurant set in a Spanish mansion in Roma Norte. I started my meal with butter made with chicatana ants, followed by tagliolini with escamoles (ant larvae), zucchini and charred lemon. “Insects were valued by the Aztecs for their high protein content,” explains Elena Reygadas, Rosetta’s owner and head chef.

On my last day, I headed to the rarely visited ruins of Tlate-olco, 2 miles northwest of the Zócalo. The INAH guide Márquez led me along a roaring highway to an unmarked metal door beneath the car park of a shopping center. Steps led down to the circular remains of a temple of Ehécatl-Quetzelcóatl, Aztec god of the wind, discovered with human sacrifice remains in 2014.

Through a glass skylight in the sidewalk, I could see pedestrians rushing by, while tires screeched in the car park above. It seemed a suitable symbol for the city's historical balancing act. "It was important for this temple to be rescued," Márquez said. "But the ancient world needs to coexist with the modern."

I Walked 500 Miles On the Camino de Santiago to Find What Comes Next

After she lost her job to AI-era job cutting, the writer joined the pilgrimage in Spain—finding singing nuns, ruined feet and people between lives

BY SHANNON CARROLL

T

HE CAMINO de Santiago, a medieval pilgrimage in northern Spain, has a way of making things seem normal that, else-

where, might make a reasonable person wonder if you're OK.

Things like: Walking 25 miles in freezing rain. Discussing blister drainage protocols with strangers. Sleeping with 60 people in a damp basement that proves snoring is an international language. Asking four nuns to lead a room full of pilgrims in “Take Me Home, Country Roads.”

That last one was partially my fault.

The various routes that converge in the city of Santiago de Compostela began as pilgrimages a millennium ago, when the Catholic Church offered indulgences to those who visited what the church believes is the tomb of St. James the Apostle. (The Camino de Santiago translates to the Way of St. James.) The treks flourished throughout the Middle Ages, faded, then rebounded from a niche spiritual journey to a global escape hatch; in 2025, the pilgrim office handed out 530,000 certificates of completion, or compostelas.

I'd come to Spain hoping several hundred miles of walking might tell me where my life was headed. A month before I arrived, I'd been a business reporter. Then, my job vanished. The night I got the news, TikTok served up a video of someone walking the Camino. My Washington, D.C., apartment lease was ending the same day as my job, so this seemed like a better plan than refreshing LinkedIn until my soul left my body.

The whole experience One of the best things about the Camino is that people can join it at different points—walking a weekend here, a week there. I chose the Camino Francés (the French Way), the best known of the routes, and assigned myself the full medieval-body experience: 500 miles, carrying a 16-pound backpack.

I trained as best I could, walking four or five hours a day on a walking pad in my parents' basement with a weighted vest—preparing for a 1,000-year-old pilgrimage by cosplaying as a hamster. I packed meticulously. Medieval pilgrims may have had faith; I had lightweight REI clothing, moleskin, Hokas and retinol.

I hit the trail in late April, where I quickly learned “walking across Spain” begins with walking up the Pyrenees. I kept stopping to take photos, partly because the Pyrenees were beautiful—spider webs hung with dew, bucolic stone farmhouses, horses stepping out of the fog—and partly so I could pause without making it obvious I was reconsidering my life choices. Then the fog broke, the clouds pooled below me, and I thought: Oh. I can do this.

The Camino isn't wilderness, and it isn't tourism in the usual sense. It's woodland trails and roads following a chain of yellow arrows on stone walls or sidewalks. It's church bells; bunk beds in 15-euro hostels; and some grand cities but also tiny towns that exist because people with backpacks keep arriving.

Every morning, my watch buzzed at 6 a.m., and I'd step outside into the soft dark, find the first arrow and start walking. I'd become used to a life where momentum meant deadlines and notifications. On the Camino, momentum means one foot, then the other. Repeat until you run out of Spain.

Part of the appeal of the Camino is that no one can put a meeting on your calendar. But the road wasn't silent—trekking poles clicking against stone, rain snapping against my poncho, the slide of rocks under my shoes and the chorus of “buen camino.”

The phrase translates to “good road,” but on the Camino, it means so much more. It’s hello, goodbye, good luck, Godspeed, please stop blocking my path, you got this.

The Camino had room for all of us: veterans on their umpteenth Camino, first-timers, and pilgrims carrying very 2026 reasons—burnout, career panic,

I preferred the big cities—Pamplona, Logroño, Burgos, León—where I could limp into the town square and reward myself with museums, cathedrals, mushroom pinxtos or paella that could feed 35 people.

But the small towns had their texture, too, places with populations smaller than the number of pilgrims who might sit around a table at dinner. One such town was Carrion de los Condes, where the local celebrities were four singing nuns. When the sisters asked the dozens of us crowded into a small room what we wanted for our final song, I piped up: "How about 'Country Roads'?" With two nuns on guitar, one with a tambourine and one on drums, a roomful of pilgrims started singing about West Virginia in a pileup of accents.

In this tiny town, I saw what the Camino offered: something old and strange and communal and meaningful, remade every night by whoever happened to arrive before the 10 p.m. curfew.

Ah, the rain

For all the Camino's magic, it didn't exempt anyone from the mileage—or the weather. For a close-to-summer in Spain, I imagined needing to stop every two hours to reapply sunscreen.

the last bed. I celebrated with a mountain of bread and a 2-euro glass of wine. That night, I dreamed I told my family I was quitting and coming home. The next day, I started walking again.

The days stacked up, as did the moments. Outside Estella, where the path passed a fountain that dispensed wine. Pamplona's Alto del Perdón—the Hill of Forgiveness—where metal pilgrim figures stand against the sky, leaning permanently into the wind. León, where the night ended at 2 a.m. with this American and an Italian singing karaoke in Spanish. The Cruz de Ferro, where pilgrims leave stones they've carried from home, a mountain of burdens surrendered under an iron cross.

Then, at the end of May, after 26 days and 500 miles of walking, I reached Santiago de Compostela. I thought I would cry when I saw the cathedral. That seemed narratively appropriate. My body was wrecked. My bones still felt cold. But I laughed—either joy or disbelief or my body's last available response to finally being allowed to stop.

Now what?

I went to the pilgrim Mass and saw the famous thurable swing through the cathedral. I collected my certificate. I checked into a real, live hotel. I

I'd come to Spain, to the Camino de Santiago, hoping several hundred miles of walking might tell me where my life was headed.

grief, retirement, faith, escape.

People often appeared, walked beside me awhile and disappeared back into the road; I walked for 40 minutes with an 82-year-old on his 17th Camino, who then left me in his dust. But some people aren't temporary. A Swedish woman and I are planning a European ad-venture next summer. Our only rule: No walking.

One day, the weather and my feet ganged up on me. The downpour turned the path—uphill, then downhill, then uphill again—into a slick mess of red clay and rock; every step had my blisters screaming in a new language. As I headed into what I thought was the last mile of the day, there was no town in sight. My phone had no internet. I had no reservation for a bed. I called my sister, sobbing. She told me my day was actually 22 miles, not 20. So I limped. I slipped. I cursed.

From top: the dreaded Meseta, my big finish, a free wine fountain, my pilgrim passport.

But the rain in Spain didn't stay mainly in the plain. It was mainly on me.

Eventually, impossibly, San Juan de Ortega appeared. I got ate sea barnacles and saw the tomb of St. James. I showered, collapsed on a bed that didn't require ear-plugs or a ladder, then went shopping for non-REI clothing. That night, I had dinner in a garden and walked back past the cathedral, enormous and silent in the dark. This time, I sat there for 20 minutes and let the

For 20 minutes and let the whole absurd, painful, ridiculous, wonderful journey wash over me.

I never got a grand revelation. No career plan descended from the Botafumeiro when I arrived in Santiago. No saintly voice told me what to do next. But the Camino handed me a few thousand yellow arrows that were enough to get me home. Somewhere between the Pyrenees and Santiago, I learned that when life steals your momentum, maybe the answer is to just keep walking.

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🔍 解读视角:本篇基于现象学本质直观、法兰克福学派批判理论(阿多诺/哈贝马斯)与批判话语分析(CDA)传统展开。

制度与权力批判深度研判:The Wall Street Journal Weekend (2026-08-30)

▌ 本日全报思想与文化深思雷达 (Intellectual & Cultural Significance Radar)

在系统通盘梳理本期报纸所涉及的所有国际政治、经济、社会与文化报道后,以下 3 个具体事件在制度结构、权力技术与法理合法性层面最值得学者进一步深思:

  1. 【药企的“专利悬崖”与知识产权制度的周期性危机】 [F2_4, F8_16, F9_18](版面:主报深度版面/专业栏目)

    • 事件简述:制药行业正进入大规模专利到期潮,如默克的 Keytruda 将于 2028 年失去美国专利保护 [F2_4 🔍],百时美施贵宝的 Eliquis 亦在失去独占权 [F8_16 🔍],迫使药企通过战略合作(如默克与 Moderna 的癌症疫苗合作)来对冲风险 [F9_18 🔍]
    • 制度批判切入点:剖析知识产权法如何通过设定“有效期”来制造制度性的周期波动,分析资本逻辑如何将公共健康需求转化为一种基于专利周期的金融套利与市值管理游戏。
  2. 【地缘防御能力的结构性失衡与行政调配】 [F4_8, F13_26](版面:主报深度版面/专业栏目)

    • 事件简述:美国官员表示在应对中俄潜在威胁时的防御能力正在下降 [F4_8 🔍],同时国防部长皮特·赫格塞斯(Pete Hegseth)通过在宽提科海军陆战队基地等地的军事领导层讲话,实施其管理意志 [F13_26 🔍]
    • 制度批判切入点:探讨军事治理中“行政指令”与“战略能力”之间的脱节,分析主权权力在面对多极威胁时,如何通过内部管理逻辑(如领导层训话与人事调整)试图弥补结构性的防御能力下降。
  3. 【货币估值与贸易竞争力的制度性不对称】 [F6_11, F6_12, F7_14](版面:专业栏目)

    • 事件简述:高盛分析认为人民币低估增强了中国在电动汽车(32%折扣)等领域的竞争力 [F6_11 🔍],而日本花费 987 亿美元支撑日元的干预行动影响有限 [F7_14 🔍]
    • 制度批判切入点:分析货币政策如何被用作一种非关税贸易壁垒或竞争工具,探讨在全球金融治理中,货币重估压力与国内改革压力之间的辩证关系 [F6_12 🔍]

▌ 精选核心专题深度思想论证 (In-Depth Dialectical Monograph)

专题一:知识产权的“时间性”与资本逻辑的制度性恐慌

本期报道中关于“专利悬崖”的描述 [F2_4 🔍] 揭示了当代生物制药工业的一种深层制度悖论:知识产权法在法理上旨在通过授予临时垄断权来鼓励创新,但在实践中,它创造了一个精准的“死亡计时器”。

当默克的 Keytruda 等重磅药物接近专利到期日时 [F2_4 🔍],药企面临的不再是科学研发的挑战,而是制度性的财务崩塌。这种“悬崖”效应迫使企业进入一种病态的循环:为了对冲未来的收入损失,企业必须在当下进行激进的资本运作或寻求战略合作 [F9_18 🔍]。例如,默克与 Moderna 的合作在近期获得回报,导致其市值单日增长超过 400 亿美元 [F9_18 🔍]。这表明,医疗研发的驱动力已在很大程度上从“临床治愈”转向了“市值对冲”。

在这种逻辑下,专利制度将公共卫生资源金融化。药物的研发方向不再仅由疾病的紧迫性决定,而由专利到期的时间表决定。资本逻辑通过利用法律设定的期限,将生命科学转化为一种周期性的金融危机管理,使药企在“独占-崩塌-再收购”的循环中维持其制度性权力。

专题二:货币主权、贸易竞争力与治理的“路径依赖”

通过对比人民币的估值争议 [F6_11 🔍] 与日元的干预困境 [F7_14 🔍],我们可以观察到主权国家在利用货币工具干预全球贸易时的不同权力维度。

高盛的数据显示,人民币的低估直接转化为中国产品在电动汽车、冰箱、鞋类等领域的显著价格优势 [F6_11 🔍]。从制度批判的角度看,这种低估不仅是经济现象,更是一种治理策略。正如塞瑟(Setser)所指出的,低估的人民币在经济其余部分陷入停滞时维持了出口,从而减轻了中国进行深层结构性改革的压力 [F6_12 🔍]。这意味着,货币工具在这里扮演了“制度缓冲垫”的角色,通过牺牲外部贸易的公平性来延缓内部治理的阵痛。

与此同时,日本政府花费 987 亿美元试图支撑日元却收效甚微 [F7_14 🔍],这揭示了在高度金融化的全球市场中,单纯的行政干预(货币买入)在面对资本流动逻辑时的无力感。这形成了一种鲜明对比:一种权力通过“维持低估”来获得竞争优势并延迟改革,另一种权力则通过“强行支撑”试图挽回颓势却陷入低效。这证明了货币主权在当代已不再是简单的行政指令,而是在全球资本流动与国内政治压力之间进行的一种极其脆弱的平衡。


▌ 面向学者的制度研究开放性追问 (Open Research Horizons)

  1. 【关于专利周期与公共卫生伦理的冲突研究】:当药企的研发逻辑被“专利悬崖”的市值管理所主导时,如何通过制度设计(如动态专利期限或强制许可机制)将研发重心重新引导至临床未满足的需求,而非单纯的财务对冲?
  2. 【关于货币估值与治理压力之关系的实证研究】:在何种条件下,货币低估会从一种“竞争优势”转化为一种“改革阻碍”?这种路径依赖如何影响主权国家在面对全球贸易压力时的制度演进方向?
🔍 解读视角:本篇基于制度理性架构(Logos)与生活世界集体情感(Pathos)内在辩证机制展开。

理性与情感辩证深度研判:The Wall Street Journal Weekend (2026-08-30)

▌ 本日全报生活世界痛感与情感政治深思雷达 (Lifeworld & Affective Significance Radar)

在系统通盘梳理本期报纸所涉及的所有报道后,以下 3 个具体事件在个体生命体验、制度压力与生活世界层面最值得学者进一步深思:

  1. 【制药巨头的“专利悬崖”与研发焦虑】 [F2_4, F8_16](生活领域:健康与资本)

    • 事件简述:全球制药业正面临数十年来最大规模的专利到期潮。默克的 Keytruda 将于 2028 年失去美国专利保护 [F2_4 🔍],而百时美施贵宝的 Eliquis 去年贡献了 140 亿美元收入(占总营收 30%)但正失去独占权 [F8_16 🔍]
    • 情感政治切入点资本逻辑下的“生命周期”焦虑。药物的研发与获利被严格限定在专利期限内,揭示了医疗进步如何被绑定在资本的“独占期”逻辑中,当专利到期,药企的市值波动与研发方向将直接影响未来药物的可及性。
  2. 【日元干预的失效与宏观无力感】 [F7_14 🔍](生活领域:经济与国家)

    • 事件简述:日本在过去一个月中与美国联合行动,花费 987 亿美元支撑日元,但这次创纪录的干预行动到目前为止影响有限 [F7_14 🔍]
    • 情感政治切入点国家意志在市场理性面前的挫败感。即便投入近千亿美元的巨额资金,依然无法扭转货币趋势,揭示了在全球金融资本流动面前,主权国家的干预能力正陷入一种深刻的无力状态。
  3. 【军事领导层的文化冲突与权力重塑】 [F13_26 🔍](生活领域:组织与权力)

    • 事件简述:美国国防部长皮特·赫格塞斯(Pete Hegseth)考虑再次向高级军事人员发表讲话,他曾在去年秋天发表过关于“不再允许蓄胡子”的演说 [F13_26 🔍]
    • 情感政治切入点微观身体管理与宏观权力意志的碰撞。通过对“胡须”这种身体细节的管控,权力试图在军事组织内部重建某种特定的纪律性与文化认同,反映了权力如何通过身体政治来实现对组织精神的重塑。

▌ 精选核心专题理性与情感辩证论证 (The Dialectic of Logos and Pathos Monograph)

专题一:【专利悬崖:医疗资本理性与生命延续性的张力】

系统理性模型解构(Deconstruction of Systemic Logos): 在制药行业的运行逻辑中,药物被定义为一种具有“有效期”的知识产权资产。支撑这一逻辑的是专利保护制度:通过赋予药企一段时间的独占权,以高额利润补偿研发成本 [F2_4 🔍]。在这种理性模型下,药物的价值在专利到期那一刻会发生断崖式下跌(即“专利悬崖”),例如 Eliquis 对百时美施贵宝 30% 的营收贡献将因失去独占权而面临威胁 [F8_16 🔍]

生活世界真实痛感的现象学深描(Phenomenological Pathos): 然而,对于依赖这些重磅药物生存的患者而言,药物并非“资产”,而是“生命线”。药企为了应对专利到期而采取的策略——如默克与 Moderna 合作开发癌症疫苗以寻求新增长点 [F9_18 🔍]——虽然在资本市场上表现为市值的增长(单日增长 400 亿美元 [F9_18 🔍]),但在患者视角中,这种研发驱动力并非纯粹出于医疗需求,而是出于对“专利悬崖”的恐惧。

Logos 与 Pathos 的辩证摩擦(The Dialectical Friction): 此处存在着深刻的辩证摩擦:系统理性要求通过“独占”来激励“创新”,但这种逻辑导致了医疗资源的分配在时间轴上呈现出极端的非均衡性。当药企在为失去 30% 营收而焦虑时 [F8_16 🔍],患者在面对专利到期后的仿制药普及(价格下降)与原研药企研发方向转移之间,处于一种被动的等待状态。资本的“生存危机”与个体的“生存权利”在专利期限这个时间节点上发生了剧烈碰撞。

话语温度差与社会心理韧性诊断(Affective Prognosis): 对比报纸中关于“市值增长 400 亿美元”的冷色调金融描述 [F9_18 🔍] 与“失去独占权”的危机感 [F8_16 🔍],可见医疗工业化后的异化。生命救赎被量化为财报上的营收占比,这种将“治愈”转化为“资产管理”的逻辑,虽然在宏观上推动了生物技术进步,但在微观上削弱了医疗行为的人文温度。

专题二:【货币干预与身体管控:主权权力在现代性面前的焦虑】

系统理性模型解构(Deconstruction of Systemic Logos): 现代治理运行在两种截然不同的理性逻辑之上:一种是宏观经济的“市场理性”,认为汇率由全球资本流动决定;另一种是组织管理的“纪律理性”,认为通过统一的身体标准(如禁止蓄胡子)可以增强军队的凝聚力与服从度 [F13_26 🔍]。前者试图通过巨额资金(987 亿美元)来强行扭转市场趋势 [F7_14 🔍],后者试图通过行政命令来统一视觉符号。

生活世界真实痛感的现象学深描(Phenomenological Pathos): 在这种理性管控下,个体体验到的是一种“被支配的无力感”。对于日本政府而言,创纪录的资金投入却换来“影响有限”的结果 [F7_14 🔍],这是一种国家层面的挫败感;而对于被要求剃掉胡须的军事人员而言,这种管控将个人的身体特征简化为组织纪律的注脚 [F13_26 🔍]。个体的身体与国家的财富,在面对各自的“系统”(全球市场与权力意志)时,都表现出一种被异化的状态。

Logos 与 Pathos 的辩证摩擦(The Dialectical Friction): 这里揭示了权力在面对现代性时的双重焦虑:在宏观经济领域,权力发现自己无法通过简单的资金投入来控制复杂的全球系统 [F7_14 🔍];而在微观组织领域,权力则倾向于通过加强对身体细节的控制来补偿这种宏观上的失控感 [F13_26 🔍]。这种“宏观无力”与“微观强控”的并存,构成了当代权力运作的吊诡特征。

话语温度差与社会心理韧性诊断(Affective Prognosis): 从“987 亿美元”的冰冷数字 [F7_14 🔍] 到“不再允许蓄胡子”的具体指令 [F13_26 🔍],权力的话语在不同维度上切换。这种切换反映了治理者在面对不可控之物(市场)时的焦虑,以及在面对可控之物(下属身体)时的执念。这种心理状态若持续,将导致组织内部产生深层的抵触情绪,使制度的刚性与现实的流动性之间产生不可调和的裂痕。


▌ 面向学者的伦理与社会心理开放性追问 (Open Research Horizons)

  1. 【关于“专利驱动型创新”的伦理审视】:当药物研发的动力源于对“专利悬崖”的恐惧而非纯粹的医疗缺口时,如何构建一种新的激励机制,使生命救赎的逻辑优先于资本保值的逻辑?
  2. 【权力补偿机制的社会学研究】:在宏观治理失效(如货币干预失败)的背景下,权力是否倾向于通过加强微观身体管控(如军事纪律)来寻求心理补偿?这种补偿机制如何影响组织内部的认同感与忠诚度?